Factory breeding system for freshwater crayfish fry and temperature control and breeding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a freshwater crayfish fry factory-like breeding system and a temperature control and breeding method, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. Current freshwater crayfish fry breeding has the problems of difficult anti-season supply, poor water temperature regulation and control, insufficient water resource utilization and the like. According to the technical scheme, the breeding system is characterized in that the breeding system comprising a seed shrimp intensified breeding pond, a mating and egg-carrying pond, a hatching pond, a shrimp seed breeding pond, a tail water treatment pond and the like is constructed, a temperature adjusting device is arranged to control the water temperature, and a preheating water tank, a standby water tank and the like are arranged to achieve cyclic utilization of water and waste heat recovery. The invention further provides a temperature control method and a breeding method. The method is mainly used for realizing factory-like breeding of freshwater crayfish seeds, solving the problems of breeding and supply of out-of-season crayfish seeds, and improving the breeding efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and more specifically, relates to a factory-based breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings and a temperature control and breeding method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aquaculture, freshwater crayfish, including red claw crayfish and Procambarus clarkii (crayfish), are loved by consumers for their delicious meat and rich nutrition, and the market demand is growing. However, the breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings is currently facing many problems, which restricts the further development of its industry. The existing technology (Announcement No. CN114651762B "A method for strengthening the cultivation of crayfish parents in integrated breeding and rice fields in southern regions") and the existing technology (Publication No. CN116267731A "A method for cultivating crayfish seedlings in winter idle fields") have promoted technological progress to a certain extent, but there are still defects.

[0003] Traditional freshwater crayfish seed breeding methods mostly rely on the natural environment and are greatly affected by seasons and climate. Under natural conditions, the breeding period of freshwater crayfish is relatively concentrated, resulting in obvious seasonality in the supply of shrimp seed, which cannot meet the market demand throughout the year. In the non-breeding season, there is a shortage of shrimp seed in the market, which affects the aquaculture output and economic benefits.

[0004] Water temperature is one of the key factors affecting the reproduction and growth of freshwater crayfish. In the traditional breeding process, the control of water temperature is not ideal and flexible. Water temperature that is too high or too low will have an adverse effect on the gonad development, mating and spawning of the shrimp, hatching of fertilized eggs, and the growth of shrimp fry. For example, too low water temperature will lead to delayed gonad development and reduced mating and spawning rates of shrimp; too high water temperature may cause abnormal development of fertilized eggs and a decrease in the survival rate of shrimp fry. Moreover, due to the lack of effective water temperature regulation methods, it is difficult to maintain a stable and suitable water temperature environment when the seasons change and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which further affects the breeding effect of shrimp fry.

[0005] The efficiency of water resource utilization is also a prominent issue. Irrational use of water resources not only causes waste of water resources, but also may pollute the surrounding environment. At the same time, the waste heat in the discharged sewage is not recycled, resulting in energy waste and increased breeding costs.

[0006] It can be seen that it is urgent to develop a factory-based breeding system and method for freshwater crayfish seedlings that can break through these limitations, which is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of the freshwater crayfish farming industry. Summary of the invention

[0007] An object of the present invention is to address at least the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0008] The invention provides a freshwater crayfish seed factory breeding system and a temperature control and breeding method, aiming to regulate the water temperature of the seed shrimp intensive breeding pond, the mating and brooding pond, the hatching pond and the shrimp seed breeding pond by arranging a preheating water tank, a reserve water tank and a temperature regulating device. The temperature regulation is gentle, which is convenient for operation and maintenance of the temperature regulating device, solves the technical problem of the contradiction between temperature regulation and energy consumption, reduces costs, and has a high promotion significance for off-season shrimp seed breeding and supply.

[0009] The invention provides a freshwater crayfish seed factory breeding system, which comprises a seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, a mating and brooding pool, a hatching pool, a shrimp seed cultivation pool, a tailwater treatment pool, a heat preservation greenhouse and a temperature regulating device; The seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, mating and brooding pool, hatching pool, and shrimp seed cultivation pool are connected to the tailwater treatment pool through pipelines. When the water in each pool is changed, the sewage flows into the tailwater treatment pool through the corresponding pipelines; The heat preservation greenhouse covers the top of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, the mating and brooding pool, the hatching pool, the shrimp fry cultivation pool and the tailwater treatment pool; The temperature regulating device is used for regulating the water temperature of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pond, the mating and brooding pond, the hatching pond and the shrimp seed cultivation pond.

[0010] Preferably, it further comprises a preheating water tank and a plurality of reserve water tanks, wherein the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, the mating and brooding pool, the hatching pool, and the shrimp seed cultivation pool are respectively connected to a corresponding reserve water tank through a controllably openable and closable first pipeline, and each reserve water tank is respectively connected to the preheating water tank through a controllably openable and closable second pipeline; The tailwater treatment pool is connected to the preheating water tank through a circulating water pipe and a water pump. After the water in the tailwater treatment pool is treated to meet the standards, it is pumped into the preheating water tank through the circulating water pipe by the water pump; the temperature control device heats or cools the water in each reserve water tank so that the water reaches a preset temperature and then flows into the corresponding intensive breeding pool for shrimp, mating and brooding pool, hatching pool or shrimp fry breeding pool; when each pool is changing water, the waste heat transfer pipeline collects the sewage discharged from the intensive breeding pool for shrimp, mating and brooding pool, hatching pool and shrimp fry breeding pool, and the sewage flows through the heat exchange pipeline penetrating into the preheating water tank, and the water in the preheating water tank is preheated by heat exchange, and then the sewage flows into the tailwater treatment pool.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature control device includes a solar heating component, a heat pump unit and a temperature sensor; the temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, the mating and brooding pool, the hatching pool, the shrimp fry cultivation pool and each reserve water tank, and are electrically connected to the solar heating component and the heat pump unit to monitor the water temperature of each pool and each reserve water tank and feedback data; the solar heating component and the heat pump unit heat or cool the water in each reserve water tank according to the water temperature data fed back by the temperature sensor; the solar heating component and the heat pump unit are also connected to the control device on the first pipeline and the branch pipe, and control the corresponding pipeline to open and replace the suitable temperature water according to the water temperature data.

[0012] Preferably, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are laid in each reserve water tank, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are independently controlled; the refrigerant pipeline of the solar heating component is connected to the first heat exchanger, and the state and flow of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger are adjusted by controlling the solar heating component, thereby adjusting the water temperature of the reserve water tank; the refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump unit is connected to the second heat exchanger, and the state and flow of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger are adjusted by controlling the heat pump unit, thereby realizing the adjustment of the water temperature of the reserve water tank.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a waste heat recovery device, which is installed on the solar heating component of the temperature control device and the heat pump unit, and the waste heat recovery device includes an insulated box for collecting and storing excess heat; the refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump unit is a dual-channel switchable parallel pipeline, including a first refrigerant pipeline and a second refrigerant pipeline; the insulated box is connected to the end of the first heat exchanger and forms a circulation with the refrigerant pipeline of the solar heating component; the first refrigerant pipeline is passed through the insulated box, and the heat stored in the insulated box is used to store energy and preheat the refrigerant in the first refrigerant pipeline; in winter, the heat pump unit switches to use the first refrigerant pipeline to heat and adjust the temperature of the standby water tank.

[0014] Preferably, the shrimp intensive cultivation pond, mating and brooding pond, hatching pond, shrimp seed cultivation pond, preheating water tank and each reserve water tank all adopt a double-layer insulation structure, the inner layer is a corrosion-resistant material, and the outer layer is wrapped with insulation material; the bottom of each pool and the bottom of the box are paved with insulation boards, and a movable insulation film is provided on the surface; the temperature regulating device is connected to the driving device of the insulation film, and the temperature regulating device controls the expansion and folding of the insulation film according to the monitored temperature.

[0015] The present invention also provides a temperature control method for factory-based breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings, which is applied to the above-mentioned factory-based breeding system of freshwater crayfish seedlings, and comprises the following steps: Start the temperature control device to obtain real-time water temperature data monitored by temperature sensors in the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, mating and brooding pool, hatching pool, shrimp seed cultivation pool and each standby water tank; The temperature control device controls the solar heating components and heat pump units to heat or cool the water in each water tank according to the different growth stages of the freshwater crayfish and the preset temperature control scheme, and controls the corresponding pipelines to open and replace the water with the appropriate temperature, so as to adjust the water temperature of each pool; Utilize the waste heat recovery device installed on the solar heating components and heat pump units to store the recovered waste heat in the energy storage system and allocate it for use when needed; The temperature control device adjusts the water temperature of each pool according to seasonal changes and the temperature difference between day and night, and controls the operation of the thermal insulation film equipment.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for factory breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings, which uses the above-mentioned factory breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings and is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) Selection and intensive cultivation of seed shrimp: Select seed shrimps of 7-8 months old and weighing 20-30g and place them in the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pond. Separate male and female shrimps and raise them separately. The stocking density of female shrimps is 20-25 / m 2 The stocking density of male shrimp is 10-15 per m 2 , feed fortified breeding feed, randomly sample and check whether the shrimps carry viruses and parasites, regularly check the gonad development of the shrimps, and control the water temperature at 25℃; 2) Mating and brooding: When the ovaries of freshwater crayfish develop to stage IV, the breeding shrimps are put into the mating and brooding pond at a female-to-male ratio of 2:1, with a stocking density of 15-20 shrimps / m², and they are fed with enhanced breeding feed. The water temperature is controlled at 25℃, and the egg-carrying status of female shrimps is checked regularly. Once egg-carrying shrimps are found, they are moved to the hatching pond; 3) Hatching: Place the shrimps with the same egg-carrying time into the same hatching pond, with a stocking density of 10-15 shrimps / m 2 , feed, use micro-flow water and micro-aeration, control the water temperature at 25℃, regularly check the hatching of fertilized eggs, and when the fertilized eggs develop to the hatching preparation period, separate the fertilized eggs from the mother shrimp and place them in the shrimp fry cultivation pond for cultivation; 4) Shrimp fry cultivation: Collect fertilized eggs that have developed to the hatching preparation period, put them into the shrimp fry cultivation pond for further incubation, perform micro-aeration and control the water temperature at 25°C, set up aquatic plants such as Hydrilla verticillata or Water hyacinth in the cultivation pond, start feeding the shrimp fry 1-2 days after they are hatched, and harvest the shrimp fry after 20-30 days of cultivation; the water used for shrimp fry cultivation is disinfected with strong chlorine, and the residual chlorine is neutralized with sodium thiosulfate, and then aerated for 2-3 days. 10ppm high-stable VC is added before use.

[0017] Preferably, the enhanced cultured bait in step 1) and step 2) is fresh fish meat.

[0018] Preferably, the bait fed in step 4) is Artemia.

[0019] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: First, the factory-based breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings constructed by the present invention can provide a stable and suitable environment for the entire breeding process of freshwater crayfish by setting up pools with different functions such as seed shrimp intensive cultivation pools, mating and brooding pools, hatching pools, shrimp seedling cultivation pools, and matching insulation greenhouses and temperature control devices, effectively solving the problem of off-season shrimp seedling breeding and supply. The water circulation and waste heat recovery design in the system realizes the recycling of water resources and the recovery of waste heat from sewage. The water after tail water treatment is reused through the preheating water tank, the standby water tank and the circulating water pipeline, reducing the waste of water resources; the waste heat transfer pipeline and the heat exchange pipeline recover the waste heat of sewage and use it to preheat the water in the preheating water tank, reducing energy consumption and breeding costs, and improving the economy and environmental protection of the system. The temperature control device adopts a combination of solar heating components, heat pump units and temperature sensors, which can control the water temperature according to the actual water temperature of each pool and the standby water tank. The independently controlled first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, as well as the setting of the waste heat recovery device, further optimize the water temperature regulation method, solve the contradiction between temperature regulation and energy consumption, and reduce energy consumption while ensuring the water temperature regulation effect.

[0020] The double-layer insulation structure, thermal insulation panels and removable insulation film used in the shrimp breeding pond, mating and brooding pond, hatching pond, shrimp fry breeding pond, preheating water tank and various reserve water tanks have effectively reduced heat loss, made it easier to maintain a stable water temperature, improved energy utilization efficiency, and provided a more stable growth environment for shrimp fry.

[0021] Second, the temperature control method of the present invention has formulated a detailed temperature control plan according to the different growth stages, seasonal changes, and day and night temperature differences of freshwater crayfish. By acquiring water temperature data in real time, the solar heating components and heat pump units are precisely controlled to achieve precise regulation of the water temperature of each pool. This scientific and systematic temperature control method can create a suitable water temperature environment for freshwater crayfish, promote their growth and development, improve the breeding efficiency and quality of shrimp seedlings, and ensure a stable supply of shrimp seedlings throughout the year. At the same time, the waste heat recovery device is used to store and distribute waste heat, which reduces energy consumption and reduces operating costs.

[0022] Third, the breeding method standardizes all aspects of factory breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings, with clear operational requirements and parameter control from seed shrimp selection, intensive cultivation, mating and spawning, hatching to shrimp seedling cultivation. Each link fully considers the growth characteristics and needs of freshwater crayfish, such as controlling the appropriate stocking density, water temperature, feeding bait, etc. This systematic breeding method improves the breeding efficiency and quality of shrimp seedlings, increases the survival rate of shrimp seedlings, and provides a high-quality seedling source for the freshwater crayfish farming industry.

[0023] Selecting fresh fish meat as the bait for the intensive cultivation and mating and spawning stages of brood shrimp can meet the nutritional needs of brood shrimp in these two key stages, help improve the health and reproductive capacity of brood shrimp, promote the gonadal development of brood shrimp, and increase the mating and spawning rate. Selecting Artemia as the bait for the fry cultivation stage is moderate in size, rich in nutrition, easy for fry to digest and absorb, can provide sufficient nutrition for fry, promote the growth and development of fry, and improve the physique and survival rate of fry.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an implementation form of the factory-based breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings of the present invention; Among them, there are a breeding shrimp intensive cultivation pond 1; a mating and brooding pond 2; a hatching pond 3; a shrimp fry cultivation pond 4; a tailwater treatment pond 5; a water pump 6; a circulating water pipe 7; an external water supply pipe 8; a heat exchange pipe 9; a preheating water tank 10; a first heat exchanger 11; a standby water tank 12; a waste heat transfer pipe 13; a branch pipe 14; a first pipe 15; and a second pipe 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0027] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected, set, or detachably connected, set, or connected and set in one piece. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific circumstances. The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1The invention shows the implementation form of the factory breeding system of freshwater crayfish seed, which includes a seed shrimp intensive breeding pool, a mating and brooding pool, a hatching pool, a shrimp seed breeding pool, a tailwater treatment pool, a heat preservation greenhouse and a temperature regulating device; The seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, and the shrimp seed cultivation pool 4 are connected to the tailwater treatment pool 5 through pipelines. When the water in each pool is changed, the sewage flows into the tailwater treatment pool 5 through the corresponding pipelines; The heat preservation greenhouse covers the top of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, the shrimp fry cultivation pool 4 and the tail water treatment pool 5; The temperature regulating device is used to regulate the water temperature of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, and the shrimp seed cultivation pool 4. The freshwater crayfish seed factory breeding system of the present invention is used to solve the problem of off-season shrimp seed breeding and supply.

[0029] The factory-based breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings of the present invention can be provided with tiles, PVC pipes, water plants and oxygenation pipes in a seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1 when in use, and can also be provided with a disinfection device for disinfecting pool water; the mating and brooding pool 2 is provided with tiles, PVC pipes, water plants and oxygenation pipes, and the pool is provided with monitoring equipment for monitoring the egg-carrying condition of female shrimps, such as an underwater camera; the hatching pool 3 is provided with tiles, PVC pipes, water plants and oxygenation pipes, uses micro-flow water and micro-inflation devices, and is provided with observation equipment for checking the hatching condition of fertilized eggs, such as a handheld observation mirror with a magnifying function; the shrimp seedling cultivation pool 4 is provided with aquatic plants such as hydrilla verticillata or water hyacinth, oxygenation pipes, etc.; the tailwater treatment pool 5 is provided with a filtering device and water quality detection equipment for purifying sewage, and the filtering device comprises a physical filtering layer, a biological filtering layer and a chemical filtering layer; the tiles, PVC pipes and water plants are used as hiding covers for parent shrimps.

[0030] On the basis of the above implementation form, it also includes a preheating water tank 10 and a plurality of reserve water tanks 12, the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, and the shrimp fry cultivation pool 4 are respectively connected to a corresponding reserve water tank 12 through a controllable first pipe 15, and each reserve water tank 12 is respectively connected to the preheating water tank 10 through a controllable second pipe 16; the reserve water tank 12 is used to provide water with suitable water temperature to the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, and the shrimp fry cultivation pool 4, and the temperature regulating component of the temperature regulating device is arranged in the reserve water tank 12 to facilitate maintenance, uniform and gentle temperature regulation; The tailwater treatment pool 5 is connected to the preheating water tank 10 through a circulating water pipe 7 and a water pump 6. After the water in the tailwater treatment pool 5 is treated to meet the standards, it is pumped into the preheating water tank 10 through the circulating water pipe 7 by the water pump 6; the temperature control device heats or cools the water in each reserve water tank 12, so that the water reaches a preset temperature and then flows into the corresponding shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, mating and brooding pool 2, hatching pool 3 or shrimp fry cultivation pool 4; when each pool is changing water, the waste heat transfer pipeline 13 collects the sewage discharged from the shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, and the shrimp fry cultivation pool 4, and the sewage flows through the heat exchange pipeline 9 penetrating into the preheating water tank 10, and the water in the preheating water tank 10 is preheated by heat exchange, and then the sewage flows into the tailwater treatment pool 5, so as to realize the recycling of water and preheating of water, and reduce costs.

[0031] The seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, and the shrimp seed cultivation pool 4 are connected to the waste heat transfer pipeline 13 through an openable and closable branch pipe 14. The second pipeline 16, the first pipeline 15, and the branch pipe 14 are arranged in sequence from high to low to facilitate the gentle flow of water and low energy consumption operation; the waste heat transfer pipeline 13 is connected to the heat exchange pipeline 9, and the waste heat transfer pipeline 13 and the heat exchange pipeline 9 are inclined downward or spirally distributed from the outlet of each pool of the shrimp seed cultivation pool 4, the hatching pool 3, the mating and brooding pool 2, and the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1 to the tailwater treatment pool 5, which is conducive to water exchange and water preheating in each pool. A plate heat exchanger or a heat sink can also be set on the heat exchange pipeline 9 to improve the heat exchange effect. The preheating water tank 10 is also connected to an external water supply pipe 8 to replenish water as needed, and controllable sewage outlets are provided at the bottom of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, the shrimp fry cultivation pool 4, the preheating water tank 10 and each reserve water tank 12 to facilitate cleaning, sewage discharge and water change as needed.

[0032] On the basis of the above implementation form, the temperature control device includes a solar heating component, a heat pump unit and a temperature sensor; the temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, the shrimp seed cultivation pool 4 and each reserve water tank 12, and are electrically connected to the solar heating component and the heat pump unit, and are used to monitor the water temperature of each pool and the water temperature of each reserve water tank and feedback data; the solar heating component and the heat pump unit heat or cool the water body of each reserve water tank 12 according to the water temperature data fed back by the temperature sensor; the solar heating component and the heat pump unit are also connected to the first pipeline 15 and the control device on the branch pipe 14, and control the corresponding pipeline to open and replace the suitable temperature water body according to the water temperature data, specifically, control the first pipeline 15 and the branch pipe 14 of the corresponding pool body to open, and replace the water body in the reserve water tank 12 into the corresponding pool, so as to realize the water temperature regulation of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, and the shrimp seed cultivation pool 4, and the temperature control is gentle and easy to control.

[0033] On the basis of the above-mentioned implementation form, a first heat exchanger 11 and a second heat exchanger are laid in each reserve water tank 12, and the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger are independently controlled; the refrigerant pipeline of the solar heating component is connected with the first heat exchanger 11, and the state and flow of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 11 are adjusted by controlling the solar heating component, thereby adjusting the water temperature of the reserve water tank 12; the refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump unit is connected with the second heat exchanger, and the state and flow of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger are adjusted by controlling the heat pump unit, thereby realizing the adjustment of the water temperature of the reserve water tank 12; it is conducive to solving the technical problem of the contradiction between temperature regulation and energy consumption.

[0034] On the basis of the above-mentioned implementation form, it also includes a waste heat recovery device, which is installed on the solar heating component of the temperature control device and the heat pump unit. The waste heat recovery device includes an insulation box for collecting and storing excess heat; the refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump unit is a dual-channel switchable parallel pipeline, including a first refrigerant pipeline and a second refrigerant pipeline; the insulation box is connected to the end of the first heat exchanger 11, and forms a circulation with the refrigerant pipeline of the solar heating component; the first refrigerant pipeline is passed through the insulation box, and the heat stored in the insulation box is used to store energy and preheat the refrigerant in the first refrigerant pipeline; in winter, the heat pump unit switches to use the first refrigerant pipeline to heat and adjust the temperature of the standby water tank 12, realizes the combination of waste heat recovery, and further solves the technical problem of the contradiction between temperature regulation and energy consumption.

[0035] On the basis of the above-mentioned implementation form, the shrimp breeding intensive cultivation pond 1, the mating and brooding pond 2, the hatching pond 3, the shrimp fry cultivation pond 4, the preheating water tank 10 and the reserve water tanks 12 all adopt a double-layer insulation structure, the inner layer is a corrosion-resistant material, and the outer layer is wrapped with an insulation material; insulation boards are laid on the bottom of each pool and the bottom of the box, and a movable insulation film is provided on the surface; the temperature control device is connected to the driving device of the insulation film, and the temperature control device controls the expansion and folding of the insulation film according to the monitored temperature, so as to facilitate temperature control and reduce heat loss.

[0036] The present invention also shows a temperature control method for factory breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings, which is applied to the above-mentioned factory breeding system of freshwater crayfish seedlings, and comprises the following steps: Start the temperature control device to obtain real-time water temperature data monitored by temperature sensors in the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool 1, the mating and brooding pool 2, the hatching pool 3, the shrimp seed cultivation pool 4 and each standby water tank 12; The temperature control device controls the solar heating components and the heat pump unit to heat or cool the water in each water tank 12 according to the different growth stages of the freshwater crayfish and the preset temperature control scheme, and controls the corresponding pipeline to open and replace the water at the appropriate temperature, so as to adjust the water temperature of each pool; Utilize the waste heat recovery device installed on the solar heating components and heat pump units to store the recovered waste heat in the energy storage system and allocate it for use when needed; The temperature control device adjusts the water temperature of each pool according to seasonal changes and the temperature difference between day and night, and at the same time controls the operation of the thermal insulation film equipment to reduce heat loss and energy consumption.

[0037] Example 1 Implementation of the factory-based breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings of the present invention: System construction When actually building the breeding system, we must first plan the location and size of each pool reasonably according to the size of the site and the scale of breeding. The layout of the intensive breeding pool for seed shrimp, the mating and brooding pool, the hatching pool, the shrimp seedling breeding pool and the tailwater treatment pool should be compact to facilitate pipeline connection and management. The heat-insulating greenhouse should completely cover these pools. The material can be made of plastic film or glass with good light transmittance and strong heat preservation performance to ensure that there is suitable light and temperature in the greenhouse. The roof of the heat-insulating greenhouse can be equipped with a sunshade net. At the same time, ventilation equipment should be installed in the greenhouse to ensure air circulation and maintain good air quality.

[0038] Pool settings Intensive breeding pond for seed shrimp: Tiles and PVC pipes of different lengths and diameters should be neatly placed in the pond to provide a variety of hiding spaces for seed shrimp. Water plants can be selected from species such as goldfish algae that are resistant to low temperatures and grow quickly. Check the growth of water plants regularly and replenish or replace them in time. The oxygenation pipes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the pond using microporous aeration plates to ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen in the water. The disinfection device can use an ultraviolet disinfector or a chemical disinfectant generator to disinfect the pool water regularly to prevent the spread of diseases. In addition, equipment for sampling and checking the health status and gonadal development of seed shrimp should also be equipped.

[0039] Mating and brooding pond: Underwater cameras installed in appropriate locations should be able to clearly monitor the female shrimps brooding eggs. A dedicated person should be assigned to check the monitoring data every day to record the number and status of brooding shrimps. Tiles, PVC pipes, water plants and oxygenating pipes are also set up in the pond to provide a suitable mating and habitat environment for the breeding shrimps.

[0040] Hatching pool: When using micro-flow water and micro-inflation devices, the water flow rate and inflation volume must be controlled to avoid impact on the fertilized eggs. The water flow rate can be controlled at 0.1-0.2m / s, and the inflation volume must ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the water is above 5mg / L. The handheld observation mirror must be calibrated regularly to ensure that the hatching of the fertilized eggs can be observed.

[0041] Shrimp fry cultivation pond: Planting an appropriate amount of aquatic plants such as Hydrilla verticillata or water hyacinth can provide a habitat for shrimp fry without over-consuming nutrients in the water. The oxygenation pipe must ensure that the shrimp fry have enough dissolved oxygen.

[0042] Tailwater treatment pool: set up physical filter layer, biological filter layer and chemical filter layer. The physical filter layer can use materials such as quartz sand and activated carbon to remove large particles of impurities in sewage; the biological filter layer can cultivate beneficial microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria to decompose organic matter in the water; the chemical filter layer can add appropriate amount of chemical agents to adjust the pH and hardness of the water. Water quality testing equipment should be calibrated and maintained regularly to ensure accurate test data.

[0043] Water circulation and waste heat recovery system settings The materials of the preheating water tank and the backup water tank should be corrosion-resistant and have good thermal insulation performance. The controllable opening and closing valves between each pool and the backup water tank, and between the backup water tank and the preheating water tank should be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure their normal operation. The circulating water pipe and water pump between the tailwater treatment pool and the preheating water tank should be selected with appropriate flow and head to ensure that the water can circulate smoothly.

[0044] During the water exchange process, pay close attention to the operation of the waste heat transfer pipeline and the heat exchange pipeline. When sewage flows through the heat exchange pipeline, ensure that the heat exchange is sufficient, which can be achieved by adjusting the sewage flow rate and the water flow rate in the preheating water tank. The plate heat exchanger or radiator should be cleaned regularly to ensure its heat exchange effect. The external water supply pipe should be connected to a reliable water source so that the water can be replenished in time when the water level in the preheating water tank is insufficient. The sewage outlet at the bottom of each pool and water tank should be opened regularly to discharge sediment and impurities to keep the water clean. It should be noted that since the waste heat transfer pipeline and the heat exchange pipeline are inclined downward or spirally distributed from the outlet of the shrimp seed cultivation pool, hatching pool, mating and brooding pool, and seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool to the tailwater treatment pool, the pipeline should be measured and fixed during installation to ensure that it meets the design requirements to fully realize the functions of water exchange and water preheating in each pool.

[0045] Temperature control device settings Temperature sensors should be installed in appropriate locations of each pool and water tank to ensure accurate monitoring of water temperature. Temperature sensors should be calibrated regularly to ensure data accuracy. Solar heating components should be installed in places with sufficient sunlight, and their collectors should be cleaned regularly to improve heat collection efficiency. Heat pump units should be selected with stable performance and high energy efficiency, and regular maintenance should be performed to check refrigerant pressure and operating status.

[0046] The solar heating components and heat pump units must be reliably connected to the control devices on the first pipe and branch pipes to ensure that the opening and closing of the pipes can be accurately controlled according to the water temperature data. When the water temperature is lower than the set value, the control device should promptly open the corresponding first pipe and branch pipe to replace the appropriate temperature water in the reserve water tank into the corresponding pool; when the water temperature is higher than the set value, the water should also be replaced and cooled in a timely manner.

[0047] The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in each standby water tank should be installed firmly to ensure that the refrigerant pipes are tightly connected and leak-free. Regularly check the working status of the heat exchanger, such as temperature, pressure and other parameters. By adjusting the operating parameters of the solar heating component and the heat pump unit, the state and flow rate of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are controlled respectively, so as to adjust the water temperature of the standby water tank.

[0048] The heat preservation box of the waste heat recovery device should be made of high-quality heat preservation materials. During installation, it should be ensured that it is tightly connected to the refrigerant pipeline of the first heat exchanger end and the solar heating component to form a good circulation loop. The first refrigerant pipeline and the second refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump unit should be checked regularly to ensure that the pipelines are unobstructed and unblocked. In winter, it is necessary to switch to the first refrigerant pipeline in time, use the heat stored in the heat preservation box to preheat the refrigerant, and improve the heating efficiency of the heat pump unit.

[0049] The double-layer insulation structure of the intensive breeding pond for seed shrimp, mating and brooding pond, hatching pond, shrimp seed breeding pond, preheating water tank and each standby water tank can use PVC board or stainless steel board as the inner corrosion-resistant material, and polystyrene foam board or rock wool board as the outer insulation material. The insulation board laid on the bottom of the pool and the bottom of the box should be flat and firm, and the removable insulation film on the surface should be made of materials with good light transmittance and strong insulation performance, such as EVA film. The connection between the temperature control device and the insulation film drive device should be reliable, and when the temperature change is monitored, the expansion and retraction of the insulation film can be controlled in time.

[0050] Example 2 Implementation of temperature control method for factory breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings: Temperature control system startup and data acquisition: After starting the temperature control device, ensure that the temperature sensor can work normally and obtain the water temperature data of each pool and water tank in real time. This data should be accurately transmitted to the control system of the temperature control device for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0051] Temperature control solutions for different growth stages: Procambarus clarkii Intensive breeding stage of shrimps: When the water temperature is below 20℃, the temperature control device automatically starts the solar heating component or heat pump unit to run at low power to increase the temperature, and opens the first pipe and branch pipe of the shrimp breeding pool to replace the water in the water tank with the appropriate temperature. When the water temperature is higher than 25℃, start the heat pump unit to fine-tune the temperature and change the water. Check the growth and gonad development of shrimps regularly every day, and fine-tune the water temperature 1-2 times a week according to the actual situation, and the adjustment range shall not exceed 0.5℃ each time.

[0052] Mating and egg-holding stage: The temperature control device sets the water temperature at 18-25℃. In the early stage of mating, the water temperature is maintained at 18℃. As the egg-holding rate increases, the water temperature is slowly increased by 1℃ per week until it reaches 25℃. The water temperature is monitored 4-6 times a day. According to the monitoring data and the status of the breeding shrimp, the temperature is precisely controlled by the temperature control device, and the fluctuation range is controlled within ±1℃.

[0053] Incubation stage: The temperature control device stabilizes the water temperature at 22°C at the beginning. When the fertilized eggs develop to the hatching preparation stage, the water temperature is slowly raised to 22-28°C. The microcomputer temperature controller automatically records the water temperature data once an hour, predicts the water temperature fluctuation 2-3 hours in advance according to the data change trend, and initiates the corresponding control measures to ensure that the water temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±1°C.

[0054] Shrimp fry cultivation stage: The temperature control device keeps the water temperature at 20℃ at the beginning. As the shrimp fry grow, the water temperature is slightly adjusted by 1℃ every week according to the growth and feeding conditions of the shrimp fry, and gradually increased to 20-25℃. The water temperature is measured several times a day, and the temperature is flexibly adjusted through the temperature control device based on the measurement results and shrimp fry growth indicators.

[0055] Red Claw Crayfish Intensive breeding stage of shrimps: when the water temperature is lower than 22℃, the temperature control device automatically starts the solar heating component or heat pump unit to run at low power to increase the temperature, and controls the first pipe and branch pipe of the shrimp breeding pool to open and replace the water with suitable temperature; when the water temperature is higher than 28℃, the heat pump unit is started to fine-tune the temperature and change the water to stabilize the water temperature within the range of 22-28℃. Check the growth and gonad development of shrimps regularly every day, and fine-tune the water temperature 1-2 times a week according to the actual situation, and the adjustment range shall not exceed 0.2℃ each time.

[0056] Mating and egg-holding stage: The temperature control device sets the water temperature at 24-28℃. In the early stage of mating, the water temperature is maintained at 24℃. As the egg-holding rate increases, the water temperature is slowly increased by 0.5℃ per week until it reaches 28℃. The water temperature is monitored 4-6 times a day. According to the monitoring data and the status of the breeding shrimp, the water temperature is accurately regulated by the temperature control device, and the fluctuation range is controlled within ±0.5℃.

[0057] Incubation stage: The temperature control device stabilizes the water temperature at 25°C at the beginning. When the fertilized eggs develop to the hatching preparation stage, the water temperature is slowly raised to 26-30°C. The microcomputer temperature controller automatically records the water temperature data once an hour. According to the data change trend, the water temperature fluctuation is predicted 2-3 hours in advance and the corresponding control measures are initiated to ensure that the water temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±0.3°C.

[0058] Shrimp fry cultivation stage: The temperature control device keeps the water temperature at 25℃ at the beginning. As the shrimp fry grow, the water temperature is fine-tuned by 0.5-1℃ every week according to the growth and feeding conditions of the shrimp fry, and gradually increased to 25-28℃. The water temperature is measured several times a day, and the temperature is flexibly adjusted through the temperature control device based on the measurement results and the growth indicators of the shrimp fry.

[0059] Seasonal and day and night temperature difference temperature control operation: Procambarus clarkii During the high temperatures in summer: the temperature control device controls the expansion of the sunshade net on the roof of the insulation greenhouse to reduce the degree of direct sunlight to the crayfish breeding pond, and combines with the heat pump unit to control the water temperature within the appropriate range of 20-25℃.

[0060] During winter when the temperature is low: the temperature control device controls the thickening of the pool wall insulation layer, covers the insulation film, and reasonably adjusts the power and operating time of the solar heating components and heat pump units to maintain the water temperature of the crayfish breeding pond at a stable 15-20℃.

[0061] Day and night temperature difference regulation: When the light is strong and the temperature is high during the day, the temperature regulating device appropriately lowers the water temperature of each pool of Procambarus clarkii by 1-2°C. When the temperature drops at night, the water temperature is slowly increased by 1-2°C to simulate the appropriate day and night temperature changes in the natural environment, so that the water temperature fluctuations are within the appropriate tolerance range of Procambarus clarkii.

[0062] Red Claw Crayfish During the high temperatures in summer: the temperature control device controls the expansion of the sunshade net of the heat preservation greenhouse to reduce the degree of direct sunlight in the red claw crayfish breeding pond, and combines with the heat pump unit to control the water temperature within the appropriate range of 22-28℃.

[0063] During winter when the temperature is low: the temperature control device controls the thickening of the pool wall insulation layer, covers the insulation film, and reasonably adjusts the power and operating time of the solar heating components and heat pump units to maintain the water temperature of the red claw crayfish breeding pond stable at 20-22℃.

[0064] Day and night temperature difference regulation: When the light is strong and the temperature is high during the day, the temperature regulating device appropriately lowers the water temperature of each pool of red claw crayfish by 1-2℃. When the temperature drops at night, the water temperature is slowly increased by 1-2℃ to simulate the appropriate day and night temperature changes in the natural environment, so that the water temperature fluctuations are within the appropriate tolerance range of red claw crayfish.

[0065] Waste heat recovery operation: The waste heat recovery device installed on the solar heating component and the heat pump unit is used to store the recovered waste heat in the insulation box. When needed, such as when adjusting the water temperature in winter, the refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump unit is switched, and the heat stored in the insulation box is used to store energy and preheat the refrigerant in the first refrigerant pipeline, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the heat pump unit and realizing the effective distribution and utilization of waste heat.

[0066] Example 3 Implementation of factory breeding method for freshwater crayfish seedlings: A method for factory breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings, using the above-mentioned factory breeding system of freshwater crayfish seedlings, comprises the following steps: 1) Selection and intensive cultivation of seed shrimp Select 7-8 months old red claw crayfish weighing 20-30g and place them in the intensive breeding pond 1 for intensive breeding of shrimps, and separate them into males and females. The stocking density of female shrimps is 20 / m², and the stocking density of male shrimps is 10 / m². The area of ​​the intensive breeding pond for intensive breeding of shrimps is 20m², with two spaces evenly spaced, and 200 female shrimps and 100 male shrimps are placed in each. Feed the intensive breeding bait fresh fish meat, and the daily feeding amount is 3%-5% of the total body weight of the intensive breeding shrimps, which is adjusted according to the feeding situation of the intensive breeding shrimps. Random sampling is performed to check whether the intensive breeding shrimps carry viruses and parasites. 10-15 intensive breeding shrimps are sampled for testing every week. The parasite infection rate is controlled within 5%, and the virus carrying rate is 0. Check the gonadal development of the intensive breeding shrimps regularly, check them every 3-5 days, and control the water temperature at 25℃. After 15-20 days of intensive breeding, the proportion of female shrimps whose ovaries develop to stage IV reaches more than 85%.

[0067] 2) Mating and egg-laying When the ovaries of freshwater crayfish develop to stage IV, the breeding shrimps are put into mating and brooding pond 2 at a ratio of 2:1 between male and female. The area of ​​the mating and brooding pond is 10m², and the stocking density is 15 shrimps / m². A total of 150 breeding shrimps are put in (100 female shrimps and 50 male shrimps). Fresh fish meat is fed as enhanced breeding bait, and the daily feeding amount is 2%-4% of the total body weight of the breeding shrimps. The water temperature is controlled at 25℃, and the female shrimps are checked for egg holding once in the morning and afternoon every day. After 10-15 days, the egg holding rate reaches more than 73%, and a total of about 73 shrimps holding eggs are found. After the shrimps holding eggs are found, they are moved to hatching pond 3.

[0068] 3) Incubation Place the shrimps with the same egg-carrying time into the same hatching pond 3. The hatching pond area is 5m². The density of the shrimps with eggs is 10 / m², and a total of 50 shrimps with eggs are placed. Feed the shrimps with feed. The feed amount is adjusted according to the feeding situation of the shrimps with eggs, which is generally 1-2% of the total weight of the shrimps with eggs. Use micro-flow water and micro-aeration to control the water flow speed to 0.1-0.2m / s. The aeration volume ensures that the dissolved oxygen in the water is above 5mg / L, and the water temperature is controlled to 25℃. Check the hatching of the fertilized eggs every 2-3 days. When the fertilized eggs develop to the hatching preparation period, carefully separate the fertilized eggs from the mother shrimp body and place them in the shrimp seed cultivation pond 4 for cultivation.

[0069] 4) Shrimp fry cultivation Fertilized eggs that have developed to the hatching preparation period are collected and placed in the shrimp fry cultivation pond 4 for further hatching. The shrimp fry cultivation pond has an area of ​​10m², and is slightly aerated and the water temperature is controlled at 25°C. Aquatic plants such as Hydrilla verticillata or Water Hyacinthus are set in the cultivation pond, and the coverage area accounts for about 30%-40% of the cultivation pond area. The water used for shrimp fry cultivation is disinfected with strong chlorine, and the residual chlorine is neutralized with sodium thiosulfate. It is aerated for 2-3 days, and 10ppm high-stable VC is added before use. 1-2 days after the shrimp fry are hatched, start feeding the bait Artemia, with an initial feeding amount of 10-15g per 10,000 shrimp fry, and gradually increase the feeding amount as the shrimp fry grows. Feed 3-4 times a day, and ensure that the Artemia is evenly distributed in the water body when feeding.

[0070] During the shrimp seedling cultivation period, pay close attention to water quality changes and regularly test water quality indicators such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and ammonia nitrogen content. Measure the water temperature 2-3 times a day to ensure that the water temperature is stable at around 25°C. Carefully observe the growth of the shrimp seedlings, including vitality, body color, feeding conditions, etc. After 20-30 days of cultivation, the shrimp seedlings grow strong and the average body length reaches 1.5-2cm. The survival rate of the shrimp seedlings reaches more than 82%.

[0071] In summary, through the factory-based breeding method of freshwater crayfish seedlings of this embodiment, a higher gonad development rate, egg holding rate, fertilized egg hatching rate and shrimp seedling survival rate of the seed shrimp are achieved, and a considerable shrimp seedling yield is obtained, providing sufficient seedling guarantee for the cultivation of freshwater crayfish.

[0072] Experiment 1: Effects of different feeds on the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii broodstock Under the actual operation scenario of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pond and the mating and brooding pond of the present invention, a study was carried out on the effects of different baits on the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii broodstock.

[0073] Experimental setup: 4 bait groups were set up, each bait group had 3 parallel groups, each group used 2 culture baskets, and each culture basket was filled with 12 Procambarus clarkii seed shrimps. The four bait groups were fish group (YR), pork liver group (ZG), soybean group (HD) and feed group (SL). Fresh tilapia meat, fresh pork liver, soybeans soaked for more than 12 hours and artificial compound feed were crushed to make granular experimental baits. During the experiment, each culture basket was equipped with tiles, PVC pipes and water plants to provide a suitable habitat for the seed shrimps, and equipped with an oxygenation pipe to ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen in the water, simulating the environmental conditions of the seed shrimp cultivation pond in the present invention.

[0074] Daily management: At 5 pm every day, feed the bait quantitatively according to the feeding requirements of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation stage of the present invention, and record the feeding amount in detail. The remaining bait is fished out the next day, weighed and recorded. At the same time, the water quality monitoring equipment installed in the water body where the breeding basket is located is used every day to monitor the pH value, dissolved oxygen content and other indicators of the water body to ensure that the water quality meets the standards for seed shrimp cultivation of the present invention. During the experiment, random sampling is performed regularly to check whether the seed shrimp carry viruses and parasites, and to monitor the health status of the seed shrimp.

[0075] Data collection and analysis: After the experiment, the ovaries of the female shrimp were carefully collected with tweezers and weighed. The ovarian index of the female shrimp was calculated according to the formula "ovarian index = wet weight of female shrimp ovaries / female shrimp body weight × 100%, calculate female shrimp ovarian index". The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1: Note: Data in the same row with different letters a, b, c indicate significant differences (P < 0.05); data with the same letters indicate no significant differences (P > 0.05). The experimental results show that, under the simulated breeding system environment of the present invention, fresh fish meat can promote the ovarian development of Procambarus clarkii more than the other three baits. This result corresponds to the selection of fresh fish meat as bait for the intensive cultivation of seed shrimp and the mating and spawning stage in the present invention, further verifying the scientific nature of the present invention in bait selection.

[0077] Experiment 2: Effects of different water temperatures on mating and egg-carrying of red claw crayfish Based on the temperature regulating device of the factory-based breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings and the breeding environment for mating and spawning of broodstock of the present invention, the influence of different water temperatures on the breeding effect of red claw crayfish broodstock is explored.

[0078] Experimental setup: 1m 2 The rectangular double-layer insulated fiberglass tank is equipped with an aerated oxygenation device and a temperature-controlled heating rod. The inside of the tank is equipped with PVC short pipes and tiles as hiding shelters for parent shrimps to simulate the mating and brooding pond environment of the present invention. The experimental temperature is set in 4 groups, namely Group A (21°C), Group B (24°C), Group C (27°C), and Group D (16-19°C) as the control group, with 2 parallels in each group. Each tank is equipped with 2:1 ratio of male to female shrimps into the mating and brooding pond, and the number of brood shrimps put into each tank is the same. The control group is not equipped with a temperature control device. After each experimental group is separated from the parent shrimp pond, the temperature is gradually increased at a rate of 1°C per day until the experimental set temperature is reached.

[0079] Daily management: The experiment lasted for 30 days. The commercial feed was fed once every morning and evening according to the feeding requirements of the mating and spawning stage of the present invention, and the number of dead shrimps was recorded in detail. The number of spawning shrimps was counted every 10 days, and the sewage was sucked and the water was changed every 2 days according to the water quality treatment requirements of the parent shrimp cultivation pond of the present invention. At the same time, the water temperature in the water tank was monitored in real time using a temperature sensor to ensure that the water temperature was stable within the set range, and the water temperature fluctuation was recorded. The water quality monitoring equipment was used to regularly monitor the pH value, ammonia nitrogen content and other indicators of the water body to ensure that the water quality met the cultivation standards of the present invention. The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0080] Table 2: The experimental results show that, in the environment of the breeding system simulated by the present invention, temperature has a significant effect on the spawning of red claw crayfish, and the egg-carrying rate of parent shrimp is the highest at 24°C and 27°C. This is consistent with the requirements of the present invention for water temperature regulation during the breeding process of red claw crayfish, and verifies the importance and scientificity of the temperature control method and system of the present invention for the breeding of red claw crayfish, that is, the breeding of red claw crayfish needs to be controlled within an appropriate temperature range.

[0081] Experiment 3: Effects of different baits on the growth and survival rate of red claw crayfish fry In the actual environment of the shrimp fry cultivation pond of the present invention, a study is carried out on the effects of different baits on the growth and survival rate of red claw crayfish fry.

[0082] Experimental setup: Four bait groups were set up, namely Artemia, Cladocerans, Shrimp Flakes, and Commercial Feeds. Each bait was divided into 3 parallel groups, a total of 12 groups, and each group was stocked with 30 newly hatched red claw crayfish fry. Among them, Artemia refers to newly hatched Artemia larvae; Cladocerans are frozen cladocerans, which are used after thawing; Shrimp Flakes are used directly; and Commercial Feeds are crushed into granules before use. The experiment was carried out in the shrimp fry cultivation pond of the present invention. Aquatic plants such as Hydrilla verticillata or Water Hyacinthus were set in the cultivation pond to provide a place for shrimp fry to attach, and a micro-aeration device was equipped to ensure that the water body had sufficient dissolved oxygen. At the same time, the water temperature was controlled at about 25°C using a temperature control device to simulate the environmental conditions for shrimp fry cultivation in the present invention.

[0083] Daily management: The initial feeding amount of the bait is 10% of the shrimp seedlings' body weight. In the later stage, the feeding amount is adjusted according to the feeding requirements of the shrimp seedling cultivation stage in the present invention according to the growth of the shrimp seedlings. The feeding times are 7:00, 12:00 and 18:00 respectively. Before and after each feeding, the sewage suction equipment is used to suck out the feces and residual bait to keep the water clean. The water quality monitoring equipment is used to monitor the pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen content and other indicators of the water body every day to ensure that the water quality meets the standards for shrimp seedling cultivation in the present invention. At the same time, the growth indicators such as the body length and weight of the shrimp seedlings are regularly measured, and the growth of the shrimp seedlings is recorded. The experiment was carried out for 30 days. After the experiment, the weight gain rate and survival rate of the shrimp seedlings were calculated respectively. The results are shown in Table 3. Among them, the measured data of the Artemia group are listed: the weight of the newly hatched red claw crayfish fry is 0.03g, and the last measured weight is 0.415g. Using the formula: weight gain rate = [(W2-W1) / W1]×100%, where W1 is the initial weight and W2 is the final weight, the calculated weight gain rate is 1283.3%.

[0084] Table 3: The experimental results show that, in the shrimp fry culture environment simulated by the present invention, among the four shrimp fry baits, the shrimp fry weight gain rate and survival rate of the Artemia test group are the highest. This result verifies the rationality of selecting Artemia as the bait in the shrimp fry culture stage in the present invention, that is, Artemia is suitable as the starter bait for red claw crayfish fry.

[0085] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized.

Claims

1. A freshwater crayfish seed factory breeding system, characterized in that: It includes intensive shrimp breeding ponds, mating and brooding ponds, hatching ponds, shrimp seed breeding ponds, tailwater treatment ponds, heat preservation greenhouses and temperature control devices; The seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, mating and brooding pool, hatching pool, and shrimp seed cultivation pool are connected to the tailwater treatment pool through pipelines. When the water in each pool is changed, the sewage flows into the tailwater treatment pool through the corresponding pipelines; The heat preservation greenhouse covers the top of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, the mating and brooding pool, the hatching pool, the shrimp fry cultivation pool and the tailwater treatment pool; The temperature regulating device is used for regulating the water temperature of the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pond, the mating and brooding pond, the hatching pond and the shrimp seed cultivation pond.

2. The freshwater crayfish seed factory breeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a preheating water tank and a plurality of reserve water tanks, wherein the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, the mating and brooding pool, the hatching pool, and the shrimp seed cultivation pool are respectively connected to a corresponding reserve water tank through a controllably openable and closable first pipeline, and each reserve water tank is respectively connected to the preheating water tank through a controllably openable and closable second pipeline; The tailwater treatment pool is connected to the preheating water tank through a circulating water pipe and a water pump. After the water in the tailwater treatment pool is treated to meet the standards, it is pumped into the preheating water tank through the circulating water pipe by the water pump; the temperature control device heats or cools the water in each reserve water tank so that the water reaches a preset temperature and then flows into the corresponding intensive breeding pool for shrimp, mating and brooding pool, hatching pool or shrimp fry breeding pool; when each pool is changing water, the waste heat transfer pipeline collects the sewage discharged from the intensive breeding pool for shrimp, mating and brooding pool, hatching pool and shrimp fry breeding pool, and the sewage flows through the heat exchange pipeline penetrating into the preheating water tank, and the water in the preheating water tank is preheated by heat exchange, and then the sewage flows into the tailwater treatment pool.

3. The freshwater crayfish seed factory breeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature control device includes a solar heating component, a heat pump unit and a temperature sensor; the temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, the mating and brooding pool, the hatching pool, the shrimp seed cultivation pool and each reserve water tank, and are electrically connected to the solar heating component and the heat pump unit, and are used to monitor the water temperature of each pool and the water temperature of each reserve water tank and feedback data; the solar heating component and the heat pump unit heat or cool the water in each reserve water tank according to the water temperature data fed back by the temperature sensor; the solar heating component and the heat pump unit are also connected to the control device on the first pipeline and the branch pipe, and control the corresponding pipeline to open and replace the suitable temperature water according to the water temperature data.

4. The freshwater crayfish seed factory breeding system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are arranged in each reserve water tank, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are independently controlled; the refrigerant pipeline of the solar heating component is connected with the first heat exchanger, and the state and flow rate of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger are adjusted by controlling the solar heating component, thereby adjusting the water temperature of the reserve water tank; the refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump unit is connected with the second heat exchanger, and the state and flow rate of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger are adjusted by controlling the heat pump unit, thereby realizing the adjustment of the water temperature of the reserve water tank.

5. The freshwater crayfish seed factory breeding system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a waste heat recovery device, which is installed on the solar heating component of the temperature control device and the heat pump unit. The waste heat recovery device includes an insulation box for collecting and storing excess heat; the refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump unit is a dual-channel switchable parallel pipeline, including a first refrigerant pipeline and a second refrigerant pipeline; the insulation box is connected to the end of the first heat exchanger and forms a circulation with the refrigerant pipeline of the solar heating component; the first refrigerant pipeline is passed through the insulation box, and the heat stored in the insulation box is used to store energy and preheat the refrigerant in the first refrigerant pipeline; in winter, the heat pump unit switches to use the first refrigerant pipeline to heat and adjust the temperature of the standby water tank.

6. The factory-based breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The shrimp breeding pond, mating and brooding pond, hatching pond, shrimp seed breeding pond, preheating water tank and various reserve water tanks all adopt a double-layer insulation structure, with an inner layer of corrosion-resistant material and an outer layer wrapped with insulation material; insulation boards are laid on the bottom of each pool and the bottom of the box, and a movable insulation film is provided on the surface; a temperature regulating device is connected to a driving device of the insulation film, and the temperature regulating device controls the unfolding and folding of the insulation film according to the monitored temperature.

7. A temperature control method for factory breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings, applied to the factory breeding system of freshwater crayfish seedlings as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Start the temperature control device to obtain real-time water temperature data monitored by temperature sensors in the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pool, mating and brooding pool, hatching pool, shrimp seed cultivation pool and each standby water tank; The temperature control device controls the solar heating components and heat pump units to heat or cool the water in each water tank according to the different growth stages of the freshwater crayfish and the preset temperature control scheme, and controls the corresponding pipelines to open and replace the water with the appropriate temperature, so as to adjust the water temperature of each pool; Utilize the waste heat recovery device installed on the solar heating components and heat pump units to store the recovered waste heat in the energy storage system and allocate it for use when needed; The temperature control device adjusts the water temperature of each pool according to seasonal changes and the temperature difference between day and night, and controls the operation of the thermal insulation film equipment.

8. A method for factory breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings, using the factory breeding system for freshwater crayfish seedlings as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Selection and intensive cultivation of seed shrimp: Select seed shrimps of 7-8 months old and weighing 20-30g and put them into the seed shrimp intensive cultivation pond. Separate the male and female shrimps and raise them separately. The stocking density of female shrimps is 20-25 / m² and the stocking density of male shrimps is 10-15 / m². Feed them with intensive cultivation feeds, randomly sample and check whether the seed shrimps carry viruses and parasites, regularly check the gonad development of the seed shrimps, and control the water temperature at 25℃; 2) Mating and brooding: When the ovaries of freshwater crayfish develop to stage IV, the breeding shrimps are put into the mating and brooding pond at a female-to-male ratio of 2:1, with a stocking density of 15-20 shrimps / m², and they are fed with enhanced breeding feed. The water temperature is controlled at 25℃, and the egg-carrying status of female shrimps is checked regularly. Once egg-carrying shrimps are found, they are moved to the hatching pond; 3) Hatching: Place the shrimps with the same egg-carrying time into the same hatching pond at a density of 10-15 shrimps / m², feed them with feed, use micro-flow water and micro-aeration, control the water temperature at 25°C, check the hatching of fertilized eggs regularly, and when the fertilized eggs develop to the hatching preparation period, separate the fertilized eggs from the mother shrimp and place them in the shrimp fry cultivation pond for cultivation; 4) Shrimp fry cultivation: Collect fertilized eggs that have developed to the hatching preparation period, put them into the shrimp fry cultivation pond for further incubation, perform micro-aeration and control the water temperature at 25°C, set up aquatic plants such as Hydrilla verticillata or Water hyacinth in the cultivation pond, start feeding the shrimp fry 1-2 days after they are hatched, and harvest the shrimp fry after 20-30 days of cultivation; the water used for shrimp fry cultivation is disinfected with strong chlorine, and the residual chlorine is neutralized with sodium thiosulfate, and then aerated for 2-3 days. 10ppm high-stable VC is added before use.

9. The method for industrial breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The enhanced culture feed in step 1) and step 2) is fresh fish meat.

10. The method for industrial breeding of freshwater crayfish seedlings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bait fed in step 4) is Artemia.

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