Energy collection structure based on insect flapping wing

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy collection structure based on insect flapping. The energy collection structure comprises a piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module, a displacement amplification structure and a flexible piezoelectric film structure, the piezoelectric ceramic module adopts a rhombus and Z-shaped structure formed by connecting non-resonant bicrystal piezoelectric patches in parallel, and is connected through a nickel-titanium alloy sheet, so that efficient energy conversion is realized, and the piezoelectric ceramic module adapts to various vibration frequencies; the displacement amplification structure uses a lever system formed by a flexible TPU hinge and a carbon fiber tube to amplify infinitesimal displacement generated by flapping wings of the insects, so that the energy collection efficiency is further improved; the flexible piezoelectric film structure is provided with a wing surface deformation part and a wing tail deformation part, and mechanical energy is effectively collected through transverse deformation and longitudinal deformation. The device has the characteristics of high energy conversion rate, light weight, flexibility and insect conformalization, does not remarkably interfere with natural wing flapping behaviors of insects, and can stably work in various vibration environments. The structure can be applied to power supply of semi-mechanical insect robots, power supply of biological monitoring systems and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of micro energy collection and bio-inspired energy technology, and in particular relates to an energy collection structure based on insect wing flapping. Background Art

[0002] The cyborg insect robot is a new type of robot that effectively controls the flight of insects by establishing a suitable insect-machine interface. Due to its high concealment and high mobility, the cyborg insect robot has great application potential in search and rescue operations, explosive surveillance, monitoring and reconnaissance scenarios. However, the energy supply of the current cyborg insect robot mostly relies on traditional chemical batteries. Although such batteries have high energy density, their large size, limited battery life, and the need for frequent replacement or charging have seriously affected the performance and service life of the cyborg insect robot. In recent years, with the development of biological energy harvesting technology, it has become a common pursuit of researchers to realize the self-supply of energy for the microcontroller carried by the cyborg insect robot through the collection and conversion of the insect's own energy.

[0003] Piezoelectric energy harvesting devices have become an excellent mechanical energy collection solution due to their simple and efficient energy conversion mechanism. Piezoelectric energy harvesting technology based on insect wing flapping behavior converts the mechanical energy generated by wing flapping into electrical energy, providing a sustainable energy source for small electronic devices. However, traditional piezoelectric energy harvesting structures are mostly resonant types, with limited operating frequencies and strict requirements on vibration frequency and amplitude, which are not fully matched with the non-constant vibration characteristics of insects such as beetles, resulting in limited energy harvesting efficiency. Therefore, designing a self-powered device structure based on insects such as beetles with high energy conversion rate and strong biocompatibility is of great significance for improving the one-time service life of cyborg insect robots and promoting the development of green energy harvesting technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy harvesting structure based on insect wing flapping. Through the combination of an innovatively designed displacement amplification system and flexible piezoelectric materials, the device can adapt to the diversity of insect wing flapping frequencies and amplitudes, effectively improving the energy harvesting efficiency. The device not only improves the energy conversion rate, but also has the advantages of being lightweight, flexible, and highly adaptable. It has little interference with the natural movement of insects and exhibits good performance in a variety of vibration environments. This technology is suitable for energy solutions for cyborg insect robots and can promote the development of cyborg insect robots and green energy harvesting technologies.

[0005] The present invention provides an energy collection structure based on insect wing flapping, including a piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module, a displacement amplification structure, and a flexible piezoelectric film structure;

[0006] The piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module includes a diamond structure and a Z-shaped structure, both of which adopt a non-resonant bimorph piezoelectric sheet parallel connection mode, and connect the upper and lower bimorph piezoelectric sheet structures through a nickel-titanium alloy sheet, and are fixed to the displacement amplification structure to achieve an improvement in energy conversion efficiency;

[0007] The displacement amplification structure includes a first connection structure, a second connection structure, a flexible hinge, a carbon fiber tube and a pressure plate, and is used to amplify the natural deflection displacement of the insect elytra under the effect of the lever ratio by accurately connecting with the high-power output position of the insect elytra;

[0008] The flexible piezoelectric film structure includes a wing surface deformation structure and a wing tail deformation structure, which are respectively connected to the outer edge of the insect elytra through a first pad and a second pad, and are used to collect lateral and longitudinal energy during the insect's wing flapping movement.

[0009] Furthermore, the Z-shaped structure connects the upper and lower bimorph piezoelectric sheets through a nickel-titanium alloy sheet, and utilizes the superelastic properties of the nickel-titanium alloy to provide a rebound function to ensure maximum energy collection without exceeding the yield strength of the piezoelectric sheet.

[0010] Furthermore, a bimorph piezoelectric sheet is sandwiched in the middle of the rhombus structure, and the rhombus sides are composed of nickel-titanium alloy sheets. The bottom of the rhombus structure is fixed to the triangular area above the insect body to avoid interfering with the insect's wing-flapping behavior.

[0011] Furthermore, the flexible hinge in the displacement amplification structure is made of TPU material, fixed to the insect head, and serves as a fulcrum of the carbon fiber tube to increase the elasticity and wear resistance of the hinge.

[0012] Furthermore, the carbon fiber tube is a hollow tube with a high strength-to-weight ratio, and is connected to a high-power output point on the front end side of the insect elytra through epoxy resin to maximize the conversion of mechanical energy when the insect flaps its wings.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure plate is made of high-density, high-strength material to impact the piezoelectric bimorph of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvesting module under maximum acceleration to improve the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0014] Furthermore, the wing surface deformation structure in the flexible piezoelectric film structure is bat-shaped, which is used to convert vibration into electrical energy through changes in the up and down directions of the elytra, and the wing tail deformation structure is a curved triangular shape, which is used to achieve energy collection through changes in the left and right directions of the elytra.

[0015] Furthermore, the wing surface deformation structure and the wing tail deformation structure are both made of flexible PZT thin film material, which has high biocompatibility to ensure that the device will not significantly interfere with the natural wing flapping behavior of the insect.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The present invention significantly improves the energy conversion efficiency by adopting the design of piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module and flexible piezoelectric film structure, and enables the device to adapt to the various vibration frequencies during the insect wing flapping process, effectively improving the energy output and meeting the power supply requirements of microcontrollers and other low-power devices.

[0018] 2) The present invention solves the problem of charge cancellation of the piezoelectric sheets by connecting the upper and lower bimorph piezoelectric sheets with a nickel-titanium alloy sheet in a "Z"-shaped structure. At the same time, the superelasticity of the nickel-titanium alloy is used to ensure that the structure has a certain resilience, thereby optimizing the energy collection effect under vibration, so that the device can maximize the energy collection without exceeding the yield strength of the piezoelectric sheet.

[0019] 3) The displacement amplification structure of the present invention adopts a non-resonant design, and the natural deflection displacement of the elytra is amplified through an appropriate lever ratio. The flexible TPU structure works together with the hollow carbon fiber tube and the pressure plate to achieve a stable and lightweight hinge and lever effect, which effectively captures the energy of the high-power output site without interfering with the insect's field of vision, significantly improving the energy collection efficiency of the device.

[0020] 4) The flexible film structure of the present invention includes a wing surface deformation structure and a wing tail deformation structure. By utilizing the characteristics of the flexible film, multi-directional energy collection is achieved through the lateral and longitudinal movement of the elytra flapping. The wing surface deformation structure is connected to the insect wing surface through a pad, and the wing tail deformation structure is connected to both sides of the elytra, which can adapt to the multi-dimensional dynamic deformation caused by wing flapping and effectively improve the energy conversion efficiency.

[0021] 5) Through a reasonable biological conformal connection design, the present invention can be connected to the back of the insect head through a flexible TPU bottom bioadhesive, and connected to the high-power output site of the insect elytra using a carbon fiber tube structure to ensure the stability and reliability of the device. The lightweight structure of the device minimizes its impact on the natural movement of the insect, ensuring the normal flight and wing-flapping behavior.

[0022] 6) The structural design of the present invention is simple and compact, and the components are reasonably arranged, which can effectively adapt to the complex wing-flapping movements of insects, ensure that the device can smoothly and efficiently collect energy during the wing-flapping process, and provide long-lasting and stable power support for the microcontroller in the application of the semi-mechanical insect robot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the insect wing-flapping motion energy collection structure of the present invention is installed on the insect;

[0024] Figure 2It is a front view of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module of the insect wing flapping motion energy collection structure in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a middle cross-sectional view of a piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module of the insect wing-flapping motion energy collection structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the displacement amplification structure of the insect wing-flapping motion energy collection structure in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the flexible piezoelectric film structure of the insect wing-flapping motion energy collection structure of the present invention being installed on the insect;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a side view and layered schematic diagram of the wing and tail deformation structure of the flexible piezoelectric film structure for harvesting the energy of the wing flapping motion of Hymenoptera insects in the present invention.

[0029] Numbers in the figure:

[0030] 1. Piezoelectric ceramic energy harvesting module; 1-1. first nickel-titanium alloy sheet; 1-2. second nickel-titanium alloy sheet; 1-3. first dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 1-4. first copper foil substrate; 1-5. second dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 1-6. second copper foil substrate; 1-7. third dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 1-8. third copper foil substrate;

[0031] 2. Displacement amplification structure; 2-1. First connection structure; 2-2. Flexible hinge; 2-3. Carbon fiber tube; 2-4. Pressing plate; 2-5. Second connection structure;

[0032] 3. Insect body; 3-1. The outer edge of the elytra of one insect; 3-2. The outer edge of the elytra of the other insect; 3-3. The triangular area;

[0033] 4. Flexible piezoelectric film structure; 4-1. First pad; 4-2. Second pad; 4-3. Wing surface deformation structure; 4-4. Wing tail deformation structure; 4-4A. Electrode; 4-4B. PZT; 4-4C. Flexible substrate; 5. Support plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, this embodiment provides an energy collection structure based on insect wing flapping behavior, including a piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module 1, a displacement amplification structure 2, an insect body 3, and a flexible piezoelectric film structure 4. The piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module includes a rhombus structure and a "Z"-shaped structure, both of which adopt a non-resonant bimorph piezoelectric parallel connection method to improve energy conversion efficiency and adapt to various vibration frequencies, thereby obtaining higher energy output. The piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module is connected to the displacement amplification structure; the "Z"-shaped structure connects the upper and lower bimorph piezoelectric sheet structures through a nickel-titanium alloy sheet. The reasonable structural design greatly reduces the problem of charge cancellation of the piezoelectric sheet, and uses the superelastic properties of the nickel-titanium alloy to ensure structural rebound, so that energy collection is maximized without exceeding the maximum yield strength of the piezoelectric sheet; the displacement amplification structure adopts a non-resonant design, using the natural vibration of the front ends of the insect elytra to collect energy at the high-power output site, while amplifying the natural deflection displacement of the insect elytra through the designed lever ratio, and does not affect the insect's field of vision. The displacement amplification structure includes a flexible TPU structure, a hollow carbon fiber tube structure, and a pressure plate structure, which respectively realize the functions of hinge, lever, and striking. The carbon fiber tube structure is connected to the beetle elytra through epoxy resin near the front end of the insect elytra; the bottom of the flexible TPU structure is bonded to the two sides behind the head of the insect through a biological adhesive, and uses its excellent elasticity, flexibility and wear resistance to act as a flexible hinge of the lever. The bridge structure acts on the "Z"-shaped structure through the principle of leverage; the end of the "Z" structure close to the beetle elytra is connected to the rhombus structure. A bimorph piezoelectric sheet is sandwiched in the middle of the rhombus structure, and the rhombus side is composed of a nickel-titanium alloy sheet. The bottom of the structure is fixedly connected to the triangular area between the two elytra of the insect; the flexible film structure includes a wing surface deformation structure and a wing tail deformation structure, and adopts a flexible PZT material. The side of the wing surface deformation structure is connected to the beetle elytra through a pad, and mainly collects energy through the deformation of the wing surface when the insect flaps its wings. The wing tail deformation structure is a curved triangular membrane, which mainly collects energy through the vertical changes when the insect flaps its wings, and is connected to the elytra through both sides of the flexible film.

[0036] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module 1 and the displacement amplification structure 2 are connected and fixed on the insect body 3, and the piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module 1 and the displacement amplification structure 2 are both in the height direction of the insect head and elytra (such as Figure 1 The insect body 3 has a first wing-flapping state and a second wing-flapping state. In the first wing-flapping state, the elytra of the insect are not lifted, that is, the elytra surface is parallel to the support plane 5. In the second wing-flapping state, the elytra of the insect are in the height direction (such as Figure 1 The elytra (up and down directions) reach their highest point, at which time the elytra output maximum energy.

[0037] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, the piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module 1 includes a first dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-3, a second dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-5, and a third dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-7, which are used to convert the mechanical energy of the elytra vibration into electrical energy. A first copper foil substrate 1-4, a second copper foil substrate 1-6, and a third copper foil substrate 1-8 are sandwiched in the middle to conduct electricity and isolate the dual piezoelectric ceramic sheets, and are fixedly connected to the first nickel-titanium alloy sheet 1-1 and the second nickel-titanium alloy sheet 1-2, and their superelasticity and shape memory properties are used to enhance the energy conversion rate.

[0038] Specifically, the second dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-5 and the third dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-7, the second copper foil substrate 1-6 and the third copper foil substrate 1-8 and the second nickel-titanium alloy sheet 1-2 form a "Z"-shaped structure; the first nickel-titanium alloy sheet 1-1, the first dual piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-3 and the first copper foil substrate 1-4 form a rhombus structure.

[0039] Preferably, the bottommost part of the first nickel-titanium alloy sheet 1-1 of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module 1 is fixed to the triangular area 3-3 above the insect body 3 to avoid causing significant interference to the insect's wing flapping behavior.

[0040] It should be noted that each layer of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-3, the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-5, and the third piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-7 is plated with electrodes on the top and bottom (such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 The piezoelectric bimorph is connected to the first copper foil substrate 1-4 and the first copper foil substrate 1-6 by double-sided conductive adhesive to form a piezoelectric bimorph, and the first nickel-titanium alloy sheet 1-1 and the second nickel-titanium alloy sheet 1-2 are connected to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-3, the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-5, and the third piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-7 and fixed to the insect body 3, and the piezoelectric bimorphs are connected in parallel by wires to form a piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module 1.

[0041] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the displacement amplification structure 2 includes a first connection structure 2-1, a second connection structure 2-5, a flexible hinge 2-2, a carbon fiber tube 2-3, and a pressure plate 2-4. The first connection structure 2-1 and the second connection structure 2-5 correspond to the high-power positions on the left and right sides of the insect elytra. In order to utilize the full-span deflection of the insect elytra flaps, the mechanical energy coupling efficiency of the system is maximized by directly connecting the first connection structure 2-1 and the flexible hinge 2-2 to the vibration source. The flexible hinge 2-2 with optimized size is made of TPU material with excellent elasticity and flexibility, good wear resistance and tear resistance, fixed to the insect head, and acts as a fulcrum for the carbon fiber tube 2-3.

[0042] It should be noted that the carbon fiber tube 2-3 uses a hollow tube with the smallest outer diameter. Under the premise of maintaining the same weight, it has an extremely high strength-to-weight ratio, and provides excellent strength and rigidity while maintaining lightness. Through theoretical analysis, under the condition of approximate conservation of piezoelectric materials and power, a lever system that amplifies displacement will generate greater electrical output.

[0043] In some embodiments, the displacement amplification structure 2 of the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the points where the energy output is maximum on both sides of the insect elytra: the outer edge 3-1 of the insect elytra on one side and the outer edge 3-2 of the insect elytra on the other side through epoxy resin at the first connecting structure 2-1, and utilizes the natural vibrations on both sides of the front end of the insect elytra to amplify the natural deflection displacement of the insect elytra through precise structure and lever ratio without affecting the insect's field of vision.

[0044] It should be noted that when the insect body 3 is in the first wing-flapping state, the lever structure is in a balanced state. When it is in the second wing-flapping state, the first connecting structure 2-1 of the displacement amplification structure 2 reaches the highest point, and the pressing plate 2-4 reaches the lowest point (such as Figure 4 In the downward direction), it simultaneously impacts the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 1-5 of the piezoelectric dual-chip of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvesting module 1.

[0045] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the insect is in the second wing flapping state, due to the reaction force, an upward force is generated at the third piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-7, which then acts on the first nickel-titanium alloy sheet 1-1 of the diamond-shaped structure, generating left and right forces and up and down forces on the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1-3 of the piezoelectric bimorph, and the two promote each other, further increasing the collected piezoelectric energy.

[0046] Preferably, compared with other materials, the pressure plate 2-4 material has higher density and strength. Under the same maximum acceleration, the material can generate greater force upon impact. At the same time, due to its strength, it can reduce part of the mechanical energy of the elytra converted into the elastic potential energy of the material, thereby improving energy output.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the flexible piezoelectric film structure is mainly composed of a wing surface deformation structure 4-3 and a wing tail deformation structure 4-4, and is connected to the outer edge 3-1 of an insect elytra on one side and the rear side of the outer edge 3-2 of an insect elytra on the other side through a first pad 4-1 and a second pad 4-2, so as to avoid direct contact between the flexible piezoelectric film and the elytra in the second wing flapping state, resulting in charge cancellation and reduced energy conversion efficiency.

[0048] It should be noted that if Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, considering the position and conformality, the wing surface deformation structure 4-3 has a bat-like appearance, and mainly converts the elytra vibration into electrical energy by changing in the up and down directions, and the wing tail deformation structure 4-4 has a curved triangular shape, and mainly converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by changing in the left and right directions.

[0049] Preferably, the wing surface deformation structure 4-3 and the wing tail deformation structure 4-4 are both made of flexible PZT thin film material with high biocompatibility, 4-4A is the plated electrode, 4-4B is an extremely thin PZT, and 4-4C is a flexible substrate, ensuring that the device does not cause obvious interference or obstruction to the natural movement of the insect elytra.

[0050] The energy collection structure based on insect wing flapping combines a piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module, a displacement amplification structure and a flexible piezoelectric film structure. The piezoelectric ceramic module adopts a diamond and "Z" shaped structure of parallel non-resonant bimorph piezoelectric plates, which are connected by nickel-titanium alloy sheets to achieve efficient energy conversion and adapt to various vibration frequencies. The displacement amplification structure uses a lever system composed of flexible TPU hinges and carbon fiber tubes to amplify the tiny displacements generated by insect wing flapping, further improving the energy collection efficiency. The flexible piezoelectric film structure is designed with two parts: wing surface deformation and wing tail deformation, which effectively collect mechanical energy through lateral and longitudinal deformations respectively. The energy collection structure of the present invention has the characteristics of high energy conversion rate, light weight, flexibility and insect conformity. It will not significantly interfere with the natural wing flapping behavior of insects, but also can work stably in a variety of vibration environments. The structure is suitable for the collection and conversion of wing flapping energy of insects such as beetles, and can be applied to scenes such as power supply for semi-mechanical insect robots and power supply for biological monitoring systems, thereby promoting the development of self-powered technology in related fields, including the following technical effects:

[0051] 1) The present invention significantly improves the energy conversion efficiency by adopting the design of piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module and flexible piezoelectric film structure, and enables the device to adapt to the various vibration frequencies during the insect wing flapping process, effectively improving the energy output and meeting the power supply requirements of microcontrollers and other low-power devices.

[0052] 2) The present invention solves the problem of charge cancellation of the piezoelectric sheets by connecting the upper and lower bimorph piezoelectric sheets with a nickel-titanium alloy sheet in a "Z"-shaped structure. At the same time, the superelasticity of the nickel-titanium alloy is used to ensure that the structure has a certain resilience, thereby optimizing the energy collection effect under vibration, so that the device can maximize the energy collection without exceeding the yield strength of the piezoelectric sheet.

[0053] 3) The displacement amplification structure of the present invention adopts a non-resonant design, and the natural deflection displacement of the elytra is amplified through an appropriate lever ratio. The flexible TPU structure works together with the hollow carbon fiber tube and the pressure plate to achieve a stable and lightweight hinge and lever effect, which effectively captures the energy of the high-power output site without interfering with the insect's field of vision, significantly improving the energy collection efficiency of the device.

[0054] 4) The flexible film structure of the present invention includes a wing surface deformation structure and a wing tail deformation structure. By utilizing the characteristics of the flexible film, multi-directional energy collection is achieved through the lateral and longitudinal movement of the elytra flapping. The wing surface deformation structure is connected to the insect wing surface through a pad, and the wing tail deformation structure is connected to both sides of the elytra, which can adapt to the multi-dimensional dynamic deformation caused by wing flapping and effectively improve the energy conversion efficiency.

[0055] 5) Through a reasonable biological conformal connection design, the present invention can be connected to the back of the insect head through a flexible TPU bottom bioadhesive, and connected to the high-power output site of the insect elytra using a carbon fiber tube structure to ensure the stability and reliability of the device. The lightweight structure of the device minimizes its impact on the natural movement of the insect, ensuring the normal flight and wing-flapping behavior.

[0056] 6) The structural design of the present invention is simple and compact, and the components are reasonably arranged, which can effectively adapt to the complex wing-flapping movements of insects, ensure that the device can smoothly and efficiently collect energy during the wing-flapping process, and provide long-lasting and stable power support for the microcontroller in the application of the semi-mechanical insect robot.

[0057] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy collection structure based on insect wing flapping, characterized in that: It comprises a piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module (1), a displacement amplification structure (2), and a flexible piezoelectric film structure (4); The piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module (1) comprises a rhombus structure and a Z-shaped structure, both of which adopt a non-resonant bimorph piezoelectric sheet parallel connection mode, and connect the upper and lower bimorph piezoelectric sheet structures through a nickel-titanium alloy sheet, and are fixedly connected to the displacement amplification structure (2) to achieve an improvement in energy conversion efficiency; The displacement amplification structure (2) comprises a first connection structure (2-1), a second connection structure (2-5), a flexible hinge (2-2), a carbon fiber tube (2-3) and a pressure plate (2-4), and is used to amplify the natural deflection displacement of the insect elytra under the effect of the lever ratio by precisely connecting with the high-power output position of the insect elytra; The flexible piezoelectric film structure (4) comprises a wing surface deformation structure (4-3) and a wing tail deformation structure (4-4); the wing surface deformation structure (4-3) and the wing tail deformation structure (4-4) are respectively connected to the outer edge of the insect elytra via a first pad (4-1) and a second pad (4-2), and are used to collect lateral and longitudinal energy during the insect's wing flapping movement.

2. The energy harvesting structure based on insect wing flapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-shaped structure connects the upper and lower bimorph piezoelectric sheets through a nickel-titanium alloy sheet, and uses the superelastic properties of the nickel-titanium alloy to provide a rebound function to ensure maximum energy collection without exceeding the yield strength of the piezoelectric sheet.

3. The energy harvesting structure based on insect wing flapping according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A bimorph piezoelectric sheet is sandwiched in the middle of the rhombus structure, and the rhombus sides are formed by nickel-titanium alloy sheets. The bottom of the rhombus structure is fixed to the triangular area (3-3) above the insect body (3) to avoid interfering with the insect's wing-flapping behavior.

4. The energy harvesting structure based on insect wing flapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible hinge (2-2) in the displacement amplification structure (2) is made of TPU material, fixed to the insect head, and serves as a fulcrum for the carbon fiber tube (2-3) to increase the elasticity and wear resistance of the hinge.

5. The energy harvesting structure based on insect wing flapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon fiber tube (2-3) is a hollow tube with a high strength-to-weight ratio, and is connected to a high-power output point on the front end side of an insect elytra through epoxy resin to achieve maximum conversion of mechanical energy when the insect flaps its wings.

6. The energy harvesting structure based on insect wing flapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (2-4) is made of high-density, high-strength material to impact the piezoelectric bimorph of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collection module (1) at maximum acceleration, thereby improving the efficiency of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

7. The energy harvesting structure based on insect wing flapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing surface deformation structure (4-3) in the flexible piezoelectric film structure (4) is bat-shaped and is used to convert vibration into electrical energy through changes in the up-down direction of the elytra, and the wing tail deformation structure (4-4) is a curved triangular shape and is used to achieve energy collection through changes in the left-right direction of the elytra.

8. The energy harvesting structure based on insect wing flapping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wing surface deformation structure (4-2) and the wing tail deformation structure (4-4) are both made of flexible PZT thin film material and have high bio-adaptability, so as to ensure that the device will not significantly interfere with the natural wing flapping behavior of the insect.

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