Method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon and high-mud copper gold ore

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon and high-mud copper gold ore, and belongs to the field of mineral processing engineering. The method comprises the steps that in the desliming pretreatment process, part of gold with good floatability is selected, the influence on follow-up separation is reduced, the copper oxide mineral is separated through a flotation method, and flotation reagents and technological conditions are adjusted according to the ore property so that efficient recovery of copper and gold can be achieved. Iron minerals are recovered through magnetic separation, economic benefits are increased, meanwhile, the grade of gold in tailings is improved, and the influence of the iron minerals on follow-up gravity separation is avoided. And finally, gold in the tailings is recovered by adopting a gravity concentration method, so that the maximum recovery of gold resources is ensured. Multiple mineral separation processes are integrated, the mineral separation process is optimized, the metal recovery rate is increased, and resource waste is reduced. The method has the advantages that the recovery rate of copper, gold and iron is greatly improved through the optimized mineral separation process, and the loss of useful metal in the ore is reduced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing engineering, and in particular is a ore dressing method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon, high-mud oxide copper-gold ore. Background Art

[0002] High-mud copper-gold ore refers to gold ore containing high clay minerals (mud ore) and copper oxide. The mineral composition of this type of ore is complex, containing gold, copper, silver, iron and other elements. Among them, copper mainly exists in the form of oxides (such as malachite, azurite, etc.), and gold usually exists in the form of monomer gold or carrier gold. It contains copper oxides (such as malachite, azurite, etc.) and mud minerals (such as kaolin, montmorillonite, etc.).

[0003] The presence of high-mud minerals has a negative impact on traditional gold and copper ore processing processes. Mud minerals have fine particles and strong colloidal properties on the surface, which easily adsorb metal ions and reduce the metal recovery rate. In addition, mud minerals may hinder the penetration of the solution during the solvent leaching process, reducing the leaching effect. The gold in high-mud oxidized copper-gold ores usually exists in the form of tiny particles and may be closely associated with copper minerals. In this case, the recovery of gold is often interfered by other minerals (such as copper, iron, mud minerals, etc.), the recovery process is complicated and the recovery rate is low.

[0004] In the process of processing high-mud oxidized copper-gold ores, the mud minerals must be removed first. Common methods include physical desludging and flotation desludging, which help to separate mud minerals and reduce their impact on subsequent processing, but the desludging process will also cause some metal loss. For copper and gold, flotation, leaching, gravity separation or combined treatment processes are generally used, but all of them have various shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a beneficiation method for recovering copper, gold and iron metals from oxidized copper-gold ore with high mud content, silicate content and oxidation rate. In view of the shortcomings of the current process technology for treating oxidized copper-gold ore, combined with the characteristics of the ore itself with high mud, high silicon and high oxidation rate, a combined process of gold mud selection after grinding - copper-gold - magnetic iron selection - heavy gold selection is adopted to finally obtain gold concentrate, copper concentrate and iron concentrate.

[0006] The specific steps are as follows:

[0007] (1) Grinding: The grinding concentration of the raw ore is 55-65%, and 500-1000g / t of Na 2 CO 3 and 500-1500g / t of ammonium sulfate of the raw ore, the grinding fineness is less than 0.074mm and the content is 70-80%, and a slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 28-35% is obtained;

[0008] (2) Gold mud flotation: 5-15 g / t of 2# oil, 10-20 g / t of Z-200 and 5-15 g / t of butyl ammonium black powder are added to the slurry obtained in step (2), and after 1-2 roughing, 1-2 cleaning and 1-2 scavenging, gold concentrate I and tailings slurry I with a mass percentage concentration of 25-32% are obtained. The gold concentrate I obtained has a gold grade of 35-50 g / t and a recovery rate of 25-30%.

[0009] (3) Flotation of copper oxide: dispersant, sulfiding agent, ammonium sulfate, collector and frother are sequentially added to the tailings slurry I obtained in step (2), and copper concentrate and tailings slurry II are obtained after 1-2 roughing, 1-3 cleaning and 1-2 scavenging. The copper concentrate has a copper grade of 15-18%, a copper recovery rate of 50-60%, a gold content of 30-45 g / t and a gold recovery rate of 35-40%.

[0010] (4) Magnetic iron separation: The tailings slurry II obtained in step (3) is fed into a magnetic separator, and after 1-2 roughing separations and 1-2 cleaning separations, an iron concentrate and tailings slurry III are obtained. The iron grade of the obtained iron concentrate is 55-62%;

[0011] (5) Gold re-selection: The tailings slurry III obtained in step (4) is graded and re-grinded and then fed into a re-selection operation to obtain gold concentrate II and final tailings. The gold concentrate II has a gold grade of 35-50 g / t and a gold recovery rate of 5-10%.

[0012] The copper grade of the raw oxidized copper-gold ore is 0.7-1.2%, the gold grade is 1.5-3.0g / t raw ore, the copper oxidation rate is 50-90%, the original mud content is 15-40%, and the gangue minerals are chlorite, talc, tremolite, mica, etc.

[0013] In step (3) of copper oxide flotation, the dispersant composition and mass ratio are propylene glycol: sodium hexametaphosphate: CMC = 3 parts: 4 parts: 3 parts; the sulfiding agent is sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, Na 2 S 4 The collector is one or more of amyl xanthate, isoamyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black medicine or a mixture of any ratio thereof; the foaming agent is one or more of 2# oil, MIBC, kerosene and diesel.

[0014] In step (3), the amounts of dispersant, vulcanizing agent, ammonium sulfate, collector and foaming agent are 600-1000 g / t, 1-3 kg / t, 1-3 kg / t, 200-500 g / t and 5-30 g / t respectively.

[0015] The reselection operation in step (5) is one or more of shaking table, spiral chute, Nelson, etc. If spiral chute + shaking table is used, the tailings slurry is first fed into the spiral chute after classification and re-grinding at III, and the resulting concentrate is then fed into the shaking table to improve the gold grade in the gold concentrate; if Nelson + shaking table is used, the tailings slurry is first fed into the Nelson after classification and re-grinding at III, and the resulting concentrate is then fed into the shaking table to improve the gold grade in the gold concentrate.

[0016] Compared with the existing recovery method of copper-gold oxide ore, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) The present invention adopts a flotation-magnetic separation-gravity separation combined process to maximize the recovery and utilization of copper, gold and iron minerals.

[0018] (2) The present invention is based on the characteristics of high-silicon and high-mud oxidized copper-gold ore. First, a portion of gold with good floatability is selected during the desludging operation, that is, the principle of early collection is achieved, and the influence of ore mud on subsequent copper-gold selection operations is reduced. At the same time, compared with traditional copper oxide desludging flotation, the present invention avoids the loss of precious metal gold during the desludging operation.

[0019] (3) The present invention selects copper oxide to enhance the capture of gold carriers, allowing gold to be enriched in copper concentrate, thereby achieving comprehensive recovery of copper and gold.

[0020] (4) The present invention performs magnetic separation on flotation tailings to separate iron, (1) ensuring the recovery of iron minerals such as magnetite and hematite, thereby increasing the benefits; (2) after a portion of the iron minerals are separated, the gold in the tailings is further enriched, the gold grade is improved, and the cost of subsequent processing is reduced; (3) creating conditions for further recovery of gold by graded regrinding and gravity separation. The particle size and specific gravity of the minerals have a greater impact on gravity separation. Prioritizing the separation of iron minerals not only reduces the amount of regrinding processing, but also improves the efficiency of gravity separation.

[0021] (5) The present invention classifies and regrinds the tailings after iron selection to dissociate a portion of the gold encapsulated in the conjoined bodies and gangue, and then recovers the gold through re-selection, thereby realizing the maximum recovery of gold.

[0022] (6) The present invention makes full use of the difference in the selectivity of gold and recovers precious metal gold in the three operations of desludging, copper selection and gravity selection, thereby maximizing the utilization of gold.

[0023] (7) The present invention reduces the common pollutant emissions in traditional ore dressing methods and meets environmental protection requirements. The present invention adopts efficient equipment and processes, reduces energy consumption, and reduces production costs. The ore dressing method provides a feasible technical route for the comprehensive recovery of high-silicon, high-mud, high-oxidation rate oxidized copper-gold ores, and has good application prospects and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart of Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is a further description of the ore dressing method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon, high-mud oxide copper-gold ore according to the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] (1) Ore: A copper-gold oxidized mine in Xinjiang. The copper grade in the mine is between 0.70-1.0%, the copper oxidation rate is 50-75%, the gold grade is 1.5-2.5g / t, the mud content is 15-25%, and the iron minerals are magnetite and hematite. The ore is mostly beige, gray, and a few are reddish brown. The gangue minerals are mainly silicate minerals such as chlorite, talc, and tremolite. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process flow of this embodiment.

[0028] (2) Grinding: The grinding concentration of the raw ore is 55%, and 500g / t of Na 2 CO 3 and 500g / t of ammonium sulfate of the raw ore, the grinding fineness is less than 0.074mm and the content is 70%, and a slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 28% is obtained;

[0029] (3) Gold mud flotation: 5 g / t of 2# oil, 10 g / t of Z-200 and 10 g / t of butyl ammonium black powder were added to the slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 28% obtained in step (2), and gold concentrate I and tailings slurry I with a mass percentage concentration of 25% were obtained after one roughing, one cleaning and one scavenging. The gold grade of the obtained gold concentrate I was 35.6 g / t, and the gold recovery rate was 28.5%.

[0030] (4) Flotation of copper oxide: dispersant, sulfiding agent, ammonium sulfate, collector and frother are added to the tailings slurry I obtained in step (3) in sequence, and the amounts thereof are 600 g / t, 1 kg / t, 1 kg / t, 300 g / t and 10 g / t respectively. After 2 roughing, 2 cleaning and 2 scavenging, copper concentrate and tailings slurry II are obtained. The copper concentrate has a copper grade of 15.6%, a copper recovery rate of 52.5%, a gold content of 33.5 g / t and a gold recovery rate of 36.5%. The dispersant composition is propylene glycol: sodium hexametaphosphate: CMC = 3 parts: 4 parts: 3 parts; the sulfiding agent is sodium sulfide: Na 2 S 4 The ratio of the collector to amyl xanthate is 1:1:1; the ratio of the collector to amyl xanthate is 1:1:1; the foaming agent is MIBC;

[0031] (5) feeding the tailings slurry II obtained in step (4) into a magnetic separator, and performing a roughing separation and a cleaning separation to obtain an iron concentrate and tailings slurry III; the iron grade of the obtained iron concentrate is 56.5%, and the iron recovery rate is 25.6%;

[0032] (6) The tailings slurry III obtained in step (5) is graded and re-grinded and then fed into a gravity separation operation to obtain gold concentrate II and final tailings. The gravity separation equipment used is a spiral chute plus a shaking table. After the tailings slurry III is graded and re-grinded, it is first fed into the spiral chute, and the resulting concentrate is then fed into the shaking table to improve the gold grade in the gold concentrate. The gold grade in the resulting gold concentrate II is 42g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 6.0%;

[0033] (7) The final copper recovery rate is 52.5%, the total gold recovery rate is 72%, and the iron recovery rate is 25.6%.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] (1) Ore: A copper-gold oxidized mine in Kyrgyzstan, the copper grade of the mine is between 0.70-1.1%, the copper oxidation rate is 70-90%, the gold grade is 1.8-2.8g / t, the mud content is 20-30%, and the iron minerals are magnetite and hematite. The ore is mostly brownish yellow, yellow-green, and brown, and the gangue minerals are mainly diopside, calcite, talc, serpentine, etc.

[0036] (2) Grinding: The grinding concentration of the raw ore is 60%, and 800g / t of Na 2 CO 3 and 1000g / t of ammonium sulfate of the raw ore, the grinding fineness is less than 0.074mm and the content is 75%, and a slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 30% is obtained;

[0037] (3) Gold mud flotation: 10 g / t of No. 2 oil, 15 g / t of Z-200 and 5 g / t of butyl ammonium black powder were added to the slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 30% obtained in step (2), and gold concentrate I and tailings slurry I with a mass percentage concentration of 27% were obtained after one roughing, two cleaning and one scavenging. The gold grade of the obtained gold concentrate I was 40.5 g / t, and the gold recovery rate was 27.5%;

[0038] (4) Flotation of copper oxide: dispersant, sulfiding agent, ammonium sulfate, collector and frother are added to the tailings pulp I obtained in step (3) in sequence, and the dosages are 800 g / t, 2 kg / t, 2 kg / t, 200 g / t and 5 g / t respectively. After 2 roughing, 2 cleaning and 1 scavenging, copper concentrate and tailings pulp II are obtained. The copper concentrate has a copper grade of 16.8%, a copper recovery rate of 55.4%, a gold content of 38.5 g / t and a gold recovery rate of 38.5%. The dispersant composition is propylene glycol: sodium hexametaphosphate: CMC = 3 parts: 4 parts: 3 parts; the sulfiding agent is sodium hydrosulfide: Na2 S 4 The ratio of the collector to amyl xanthate is 1:1:1; the ratio of the collector to amyl xanthate is 1:1:1; the ratio of the frother to MIBC is 1:1:1;

[0039] (5) feeding the tailings slurry II obtained in step (4) into a magnetic separator, and undergoing two roughing separations and one fine separation to obtain an iron concentrate and tailings slurry III; the iron grade of the obtained iron concentrate is 55.5%, and the iron recovery rate is 28.5%;

[0040] (6) The tailings slurry III obtained in step (5) is graded and re-grinded and then fed into a gravity separation operation to obtain gold concentrate II and final tailings. The gravity separation equipment used is a Nelson plus shaking table. The tailings slurry III is graded and re-grinded and first fed into the Nelson, and the resulting concentrate is then fed into the shaking table to improve the gold grade of the gold concentrate. The gold grade of the resulting gold concentrate 2 is 35.5 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 8.0%.

[0041] (7) The final copper recovery rate was 55.4%, the total gold recovery rate was 74%, and the iron recovery rate was 28.5%.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] (1) Ore: A copper-gold oxidized mine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The copper grade in the mine is between 0.80-1.20%, the copper oxidation rate is 50-70%, the gold grade is 2.2-3.0g / t, the mud content is 25-40%, and the iron minerals are hematite and magnetite. The ore structure mainly includes massive structure, impregnation structure and banded structure. The gangue minerals are mainly diopside, andradite, calcite, talc, quartz, etc.

[0044] (2) Grinding: The grinding concentration of the raw ore is 65%, and 1000g / t of Na 2 CO 3 and 1500g / t of ammonium sulfate of the raw ore, the grinding fineness is less than 0.074mm and the content is 80%, and a slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 35% is obtained;

[0045] (3) Gold mud flotation: 15 g / t of No. 2 oil, 20 g / t of Z-200 and 15 g / t of butyl ammonium black powder were added to the slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 35% obtained in step (2), and gold concentrate I and tailings slurry I with a mass percentage concentration of 32% were obtained after one roughing, two cleaning and two scavenging. The gold grade of the obtained gold concentrate I was 45.5 g / t, and the gold recovery rate was 30.0%;

[0046] (4) dispersant, sulfiding agent, ammonium sulfate, collector, frother, etc. are sequentially added to the tailings slurry I obtained in step (3), and the dosages thereof are 1000 g / t, 3 kg / t, 3 kg / t, 500 g / t, and 30 g / t, respectively. After 2 roughing selections, 3 cleaning selections, and 2 scavenging selections, copper concentrate and tailings slurry II are obtained. The copper concentrate has a copper grade of 17.2%, a copper recovery rate of 57.2%, a gold content of 41.5 g / t, and a gold recovery rate of 36.0%. The dispersant component is propylene glycol: sodium hexametaphosphate: CMC = 3 parts: 4 parts: 3 parts; the sulfiding agent is: sodium sulfide: sodium hydrosulfide: Na 2 S 4 The ratio of the collector is 1:1:1; the ratio of the collector is 1:1:1 of amyl xanthate, butyl xanthate and butyl ammonium black medicine; the ratio of the frother is 1:1 of MIBC and kerosene;

[0047] (5) feeding the tailings slurry II obtained in step (4) into a magnetic separator, and performing a roughing separation once and a fine separation twice to obtain an iron concentrate and tailings slurry III; the iron grade of the obtained iron concentrate is 62.0%, and the iron recovery rate is 27.6%;

[0048] (6) The tailings slurry III obtained in step (5) is graded and re-grinded and then fed into a gravity separation operation to obtain gold concentrate II and final tailings. The gravity separation equipment used is Nelson, and the gold grade of the obtained gold concentrate II is 45.5g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 10.0%.

[0049] (7) The final copper recovery rate was 57.2%, the total gold recovery rate was 76%, and the iron recovery rate was 27.6%.

Claims

1. A method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon, high-mud oxide copper-gold ore, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: (1) Grinding: The grinding concentration of the raw ore is 55-65%. During the grinding, 500-1000 g / t of Na2CO3 and 500-1500 g / t of ammonium sulfate are added. The grinding fineness is less than 0.074 mm and the content is 70-80%. A pulp with a mass percentage concentration of 28-35% is obtained. (2) Gold mud flotation: 5-15 g / t of 2# oil, 10-20 g / t of Z-200 and 5-15 g / t of butyl ammonium black powder are added to the slurry obtained in step (2), and after 1-2 roughing, 1-2 cleaning and 1-2 scavenging, gold concentrate I and tailings slurry I with a mass percentage concentration of 25-32% are obtained; (3) Flotation of copper oxide: a dispersant, a sulfiding agent, ammonium sulfate, a collector, and a frother are sequentially added to the tailings slurry I obtained in step (2), and copper concentrate and tailings slurry II are obtained after 1 to 2 roughing selections, 1 to 3 cleaning selections, and 1 to 2 scavenging selections; (4) Magnetic separation of iron: feeding the tailings slurry II obtained in step (3) into a magnetic separator, and undergoing 1-2 roughing separations and 1-2 cleaning separations to obtain iron concentrate and tailings slurry III; (5) Gold re-selection: The tailings slurry III obtained in step (4) is graded and re-grinded and then fed into the re-selection operation to obtain gold concentrate II and final tailings.

2. The method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon, high-mud oxide copper-gold ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper grade in the ore is 0.7-1.2%, the gold grade is 1.5-3.0g / t ore, the copper oxidation rate is 50-90%, the native mud content is 15-40%, and the gangue minerals are chlorite, talc, tremolite and mica.

3. The method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon, high-mud oxide copper-gold ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3) copper oxide flotation, the dispersant composition and mass ratio are propylene glycol: sodium hexametaphosphate: CMC = 3 parts: 4 parts: 3 parts; the vulcanizing agent is: one of sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, Na2S4 or a mixture of several of them in any ratio; the collecting agent is: one of amyl xanthate, isopentyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black medicine or a mixture of several of them in any ratio; the frother is: one of 2# oil, MIBC, kerosene, diesel or a mixture of several of them in any ratio.

4. The method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon, high-mud oxide copper-gold ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the amounts of dispersant, vulcanizing agent, ammonium sulfate, collector and foaming agent are 600-1000 g / t, 1-3 kg / t, 1-3 kg / t, 200-500 g / t and 5-30 g / t respectively.

5. The method for recovering copper, gold and iron from high-silicon, high-mud oxide copper-gold ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reselection operation in step (5) is one or more of shaking table, spiral chute, Nelson, etc.

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