Building engineering water supply and drainage filtering method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering water supply and drainage treatment, and discloses a constructional engineering water supply and drainage filtering method which comprises the following steps that a pretreatment box and a filtering box are utilized, and a movable shaft and a collecting box are arranged in the pretreatment box and used for preliminarily filtering impurities; sewage is settled through the cyclone grit chamber in cooperation with combined placement of coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, coarse fiber balls, fine fiber balls, anthracite and activated carbon, the blocking and cleaning frequency in the settling and filtering process is reduced, the use amount of chemicals in the whole sewage treatment process is reduced, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, and the sewage treatment efficiency is improved. Through biological filtration, peculiar smell, color, suspended matters and various pollutants such as heavy metal ions and radioactive substances in water are effectively removed, the water is remarkably improved, through metabolic activity of microorganisms, organic matters including substances difficult to degrade in the water can be degraded through biological filtration, the concentration of the pollutants is reduced, and environmental protection is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water supply and drainage treatment for construction projects, and in particular to a water supply and drainage filtering method for construction projects. Background Art

[0002] Construction projects, including factories, theaters, hotels, shops, schools, hospitals and residences, meet people's needs for production, residence, study, public activities, etc. Construction projects are the planning, investigation, design and construction, completion and other technical work and completed engineering entities for the construction, reconstruction or expansion of buildings and ancillary structures and facilities, as well as the installation of supporting lines, pipelines and equipment. It also refers to the construction of various houses and buildings, also known as construction workload. This part of the investment must be started and materials can be realized through construction activities. Water supply and drainage filtration for construction projects is mostly used to filter particles and impurities in wastewater from construction projects, and plays an important role in water supply and drainage.

[0003] In the prior art, since the water supply and drainage wastewater of construction projects has been used and polluted for a long time, the water may contain pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and insect eggs. The existing filtering device only performs preliminary filtration on rainwater by setting up a sand and water treatment mechanism, and then further disinfects the rainwater through a disinfection mechanism to process the external rainwater into the reclaimed water required for people's lives. The prior art only relies on a single filter net to filter the water supply and drainage of construction projects, which cannot meet the treatment needs of water supply and drainage of construction projects. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a water supply and drainage filtration method for construction projects to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for filtering water supply and drainage in construction projects, which uses a cyclone sand settling tank to treat sewage by combining coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, coarse fiber balls, fine fiber balls, anthracite and activated carbon for sedimentation treatment, thereby reducing the frequency of blockage and cleaning during sedimentation and filtration, reducing the amount of chemicals used in the entire sewage treatment process, and reducing the labor intensity of operators. The biological filtration provided can effectively remove odor, color, suspended matter and various pollutants in the water, such as heavy metal ions, radioactive substances, etc., significantly improving the water quality. Moreover, through the metabolic activities of microorganisms, the biological filtration can degrade organic matter in the water, including substances that are difficult to degrade, reduce the concentration of pollutants, and is beneficial to environmental protection. At the same time, it occupies a small area and is suitable for places with limited space, such as cities and densely populated areas.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned reduction in the frequency of blockage and cleaning during the sedimentation and filtration process, the amount of reagents used in the entire sewage treatment process is reduced, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, the odor, color, suspended matter and various pollutants in the water, such as heavy metal ions, radioactive substances, etc., are effectively removed, and the water quality is significantly improved. Through the metabolic activities of microorganisms, biological filtration can degrade organic matter in the water, including substances that are difficult to degrade, reduce the concentration of pollutants, and is beneficial to environmental protection. At the same time, it occupies a small area and is suitable for places with limited space, such as cities and densely populated areas. The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for filtering water supply and drainage in a construction project, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Pre-treatment filtration

[0009] Using a pre-treatment box and a filter box, the pre-treatment box is provided with a movable shaft and a collection box for preliminary filtering of impurities;

[0010] S2. Grit treatment and filtration

[0011] The filtered sewage is introduced into the cyclone grit chamber for treatment by using a slurry pump, and then the sodium acetate and flocculant are fully mixed with the sewage in the cyclone grit chamber by using a composite agent dosing pump, and the sewage flow rate is controlled at the same time to allow the suspended matter to settle, and then the sewage that has been settled in the cyclone grit chamber is discharged into the improved oxidation ditch for treatment;

[0012] S3. Biological filtration

[0013] The sewage treated by the improved oxidation ditch flows through the filter media layer in the biofilter, and the pollutants are oxidized and decomposed by the biofilm attached to the filter media, thereby purifying the water quality;

[0014] S4. Disinfection

[0015] The purified water is introduced into the post-disinfector, and the disinfectant and sewage are evenly added into the post-disinfector through the intermittent dosing and mixing mechanism for mixing, and then combined with the ultraviolet disinfection device to kill harmful microorganisms;

[0016] S5. Sampling test

[0017] The purified sewage is tested for indicators. The key suspended solids concentration and organic matter removal rate indicators in the filtered water are tested by professional equipment to evaluate the filtration effect. At the same time, comparative tests are carried out under different filtration conditions, changing the type of filter material, the number of layers or the resistance of the water distribution system, observing and recording the changes in the filtration effect, in order to find the optimal filtration conditions;

[0018] S6, post-treatment drainage

[0019] The treated reclaimed water that passes the random inspection will be used in industrial production, urban life, agricultural irrigation and other fields to achieve the reuse of water resources.

[0020] Preferably, in step S1, during the initial treatment in the pretreatment box and the filter box, large debris and deposited sand and gravel are removed by a static grid, and further a coarse grid is used to filter to remove solid particles with a diameter greater than 10 mm, such as kitchen waste and leaves, and then a fine grid is used to filter particles with a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm, intercepting fibers, small leaves and other materials, to achieve multi-stage filtration pretreatment.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, the grit tank body is divided into three installation areas on the left and three installation areas on the right, and a maintenance manhole is provided corresponding to each installation area. The water inlet inside the grit tank body is along the direction of the water outlet, and coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, coarse fiber balls, fine fiber balls, anthracite and activated carbon are arranged in parallel in combination. The sewage first descends step by step through the coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, and coarse fiber balls, and then flows through the fine fiber balls through the water opening at the bottom of the tank, and gradually rises to the anthracite and the activated carbon on the top for fine filtration. It is reserved for treatment in the improved oxidation ditch. At the same time, a backwash cleaning and anti-clogging device is installed inside the grit chamber. A water pump is used to clean and backwash the coarse corrugated plates and the fine corrugated plates to prevent them from being blocked. The sludge deposited in the grit chamber is discharged to the sludge thickening tank by a mud pump. The sludge after sedimentation and concentration is discharged into the sludge tank by the mud pump. The sludge in the sludge tank is pumped into the filter by the mud pump for filtration. After drying, the sludge is sent to the landfill or used to improve the soil, and the filtrate returns to the improved oxidation ditch.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, the filter material is composed of quartz sand and gravel, the improved oxidation ditch adopts microporous aeration for push flow, the water depth is designed to be 5 meters, and then the macromolecular organic matter is cracked into small molecular organic matter through the combination of anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic. In the anaerobic stage, under anaerobic conditions, the macromolecular organic matter is decomposed into small molecular organic matter by the hydrolysis and acidification of microorganisms. In the aerobic stage, under aerobic conditions, the small molecular organic matter is further degraded into carbon dioxide and water by the action of aerobic microorganisms. In the anoxic stage, under anaerobic conditions, nitrate and nitrite are reduced to nitrogen gas by the action of denitrifying bacteria to achieve denitrification. The anaerobic layer is located in the innermost layer of the biofilm and mainly performs anaerobic decomposition process. The aerobic layer is located above the anaerobic layer and contains aerobic and facultative microorganisms, wherein heterotrophic microorganisms are located in the upper layer and autotrophic microorganisms are located in the bottom layer. The attached water layer is adjacent to the aerobic layer to provide the necessary moisture environment for the biofilm. The flowing water layer is located in the outermost layer of the biofilm and is in direct contact with the sewage to complete the diffusion and transmission of pollutants.

[0023] Preferably, in step S4, the disinfectant is mainly chlorine disinfection, and the construction project water supply and drainage wastewater is disinfected using an effective chlorine solution containing 20 to 30 mg of free chlorine per liter of water, and finally the clean water after disinfection is discharged from the post-disinfector.

[0024] Preferably, in step S5, water samples are regularly sampled by using turbidity meters, spectrophotometers and related equipment. The suspended matter concentration is used to detect the content of suspended matter in the water and to determine the ability of the filtration system to remove suspended matter. The organic matter removal rate is used to evaluate the removal effect of the filtration system on organic matter to ensure water quality safety.

[0025] Preferably, in step S6, the discharge standard of suspended matter in the suspended matter concentration is particles with a particle diameter between 0.1 μm and 100 μm, the suspended matter concentration directly affects the turbidity and transparency of the water body, and a high concentration of suspended matter will have an adverse effect on the aquatic ecosystem. The removal rate of the pretreatment process in the organic matter removal rate is between 50% and 90%, mainly removing large particulate matter and suspended matter, the removal rate of the primary treatment process is between 60% and 90%, removing suspended matter, suspended organic matter and part of dissolved organic matter, the removal rate of the secondary treatment process is between 80% and 95%, mainly removing organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus through biological filtration methods, the removal rate of the tertiary treatment process is between 90% and 99%, further removing residual organic matter and nutrients, and the removal rate of ultraviolet disinfection and disinfectant administration is above 95%.

[0026] (III) Beneficial effects

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a water supply and drainage filtration method for construction projects, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The water supply and drainage filtration method of this construction project uses a cyclone sand settling tank to treat sewage by combining coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, coarse fiber balls, fine fiber balls, anthracite and activated carbon for sedimentation treatment, which reduces the frequency of blockage and cleaning during sedimentation and filtration, reduces the amount of chemicals used in the entire sewage treatment process, and reduces the labor intensity of operators.

[0029] 2. The water supply and drainage filtration method of this construction project can effectively remove odor, color, suspended matter and various pollutants in the water, such as heavy metal ions, radioactive substances, etc., through the biological filtration set up, significantly improving the water quality. Through the metabolic activities of microorganisms, biological filtration can degrade organic matter in the water, including difficult-to-degrade substances, reduce the concentration of pollutants, and is beneficial to environmental protection. At the same time, it occupies a small area and is suitable for places with limited space, such as cities and densely populated areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0032] A water supply and drainage filtering method for a construction project comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. Pre-treatment filtration

[0034] Using a pre-treatment box and a filter box, a movable shaft and a collection box are provided in the pre-treatment box for preliminary filtering of impurities. During the initial treatment in the pre-treatment box and the filter box, large debris and deposited sand and gravel are removed through a static grid, and further filtered using a coarse grid to remove solid particles with a diameter greater than 10 mm, such as kitchen waste and leaves. Then, a fine grid is used to filter particles with a diameter of 5 to 10 mm, intercepting fibers, small leaves and other substances, to achieve multi-stage filtration pre-treatment;

[0035] S2. Grit treatment and filtration

[0036] The filtered sewage is introduced into the cyclone grit chamber for treatment by a slurry pump, and then the sodium acetate and flocculant are fully mixed with the sewage in the cyclone grit chamber with a composite agent dosing pump. At the same time, the sewage flow rate is controlled to allow the suspended matter to settle, and then the sewage that has been treated and settled in the cyclone grit chamber is discharged into the improved oxidation ditch for treatment. The grit chamber body is divided into three installation areas on the left and right, and each installation area is provided with a maintenance manhole. The water inlet inside the grit chamber body is along the direction of the water outlet, and coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, coarse fiber balls, fine fiber balls, anthracite and activated carbon are arranged in parallel in combination. The sewage first descends step by step through the coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, and coarse fiber balls, and then flows through the water opening at the bottom of the pool through the fine fiber balls, and gradually rises to the anthracite and the top activated carbon for fine filtration. The sludge is set aside for treatment in the improved oxidation ditch. At the same time, a backwashing and anti-blocking device is set inside the grit chamber. A water pump is used to clean and backwash the coarse corrugated plates and the fine corrugated plates to prevent them from being blocked. The sludge deposited in the grit chamber is discharged to the sludge thickening tank by a slurry pump. The sludge after sedimentation and concentration is discharged into the sludge tank by the sludge pump. The sludge in the sludge tank is pumped into the filter by the sludge pump for filtration. After drying, the sludge is sent to the landfill or used to improve the soil, and the filtrate returns to the improved oxidation ditch.

[0037] S3. Biological filtration

[0038] The sewage treated by the improved oxidation ditch flows through the filter material layer in the biological filter, and the pollutants are oxidized and decomposed by the biofilm attached to the filter material, thereby purifying the water quality. The filter material is composed of quartz sand and gravel. The improved oxidation ditch adopts microporous aeration for push flow, and the water depth is designed to be 5 meters. Then, through the combination of anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic, large molecular organic matter is cracked into small molecular organic matter. In the anaerobic stage, under anaerobic conditions, large molecular organic matter is decomposed into small molecular organic matter through the hydrolysis and acidification of microorganisms. In the aerobic stage, under aerobic conditions, aerobic microorganisms are used to break down the large molecular organic matter into small molecular organic matter. Small molecular organic matter is further degraded into carbon dioxide and water. In the anoxic stage, under anoxic conditions, nitrate and nitrite are reduced to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria to achieve denitrification. The anaerobic layer is located in the innermost layer of the biofilm and mainly performs anaerobic decomposition. The aerobic layer is located above the anaerobic layer and contains aerobic and facultative microorganisms, among which heterotrophic microorganisms are located in the upper layer and autotrophic microorganisms are located in the bottom layer. The attached water layer is adjacent to the aerobic layer, providing the necessary moisture environment for the biofilm. The flowing water layer is located in the outermost layer of the biofilm and is in direct contact with the sewage to complete the diffusion and transmission of pollutants.

[0039] S4. Disinfection

[0040] The purified water is introduced into the post-disinfector, and the disinfectant and sewage are evenly added into the post-disinfector through the intermittent dosing and mixing mechanism for mixing, and then the ultraviolet disinfection device is used to kill harmful microorganisms. The disinfectant mainly uses chlorine disinfection, and the effective chlorine solution containing 20 to 30 mg of free chlorine per liter of water is used to disinfect the water supply and drainage wastewater of the construction project, and finally the clean water after disinfection is discharged from the post-disinfector;

[0041] S5. Sampling test

[0042] The purified sewage is tested for indicators. The key suspended solids concentration and organic matter removal rate indicators in the filtered water are tested by professional equipment to evaluate the filtration effect. At the same time, comparative tests are carried out under different filtration conditions, and the type of filter material, number of layers or water distribution system resistance are changed to observe and record the changes in the filtration effect to find the optimal filtration conditions. Water samples are regularly inspected by using turbidity meters, spectrophotometers and related equipment. The suspended solids concentration is used to detect the content of suspended solids in the water and judge the removal capacity of the filtration system for suspended solids. The organic matter removal rate is used to evaluate the removal effect of the filtration system on organic matter to ensure water quality safety. The discharge standard of suspended solids in the suspended solids concentration is a particle diameter of 0.1μm to 100 The concentration of suspended solids directly affects the turbidity and transparency of the water body. High concentrations of suspended solids will have adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. The removal rate of organic matter in the pretreatment process is between 50% and 90%, mainly removing large particles and suspended solids. The removal rate of the primary treatment process is between 60% and 90%, removing suspended solids, suspended organic matter and some dissolved organic matter. The removal rate of the secondary treatment process is between 80% and 95%, mainly removing organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus through biological filtration. The removal rate of the tertiary treatment process is between 90% and 99%, further removing residual organic matter and nutrients. The removal rate of ultraviolet disinfection and disinfectant is above 95%;

[0043] S6, post-treatment drainage

[0044] The treated reclaimed water that passes the random inspection will be used in industrial production, urban life, agricultural irrigation and other fields to achieve the reuse of water resources.

[0045] The water supply and drainage filtration method of this construction project uses a cyclone settling tank to treat sewage by combining coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, coarse fiber balls, fine fiber balls, anthracite and activated carbon for sedimentation treatment, which reduces the frequency of blockage and cleaning during sedimentation and filtration, reduces the amount of chemicals used in the entire sewage treatment process, and reduces the labor intensity of operators. The biological filtration set up effectively removes odor, color, suspended matter and various pollutants in the water, such as heavy metal ions, radioactive substances, etc., significantly improving the water quality. Through the metabolic activities of microorganisms, biological filtration can degrade organic matter in the water, including difficult-to-degrade substances, reduce the concentration of pollutants, and is beneficial to environmental protection. At the same time, it occupies a small area and is suitable for places with limited space, such as cities and densely populated areas.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water supply and drainage filtering method for construction engineering, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Pre-treatment filtration Using a pre-treatment box and a filter box, the pre-treatment box is provided with a movable shaft and a collection box for preliminary filtering of impurities; S2. Grit treatment and filtration The filtered sewage is introduced into the cyclone grit chamber for treatment by using a slurry pump, and then the sodium acetate and flocculant are fully mixed with the sewage in the cyclone grit chamber by using a composite agent dosing pump, and the sewage flow rate is controlled at the same time to allow the suspended matter to settle, and then the sewage that has been settled in the cyclone grit chamber is discharged into the improved oxidation ditch for treatment; S3. Biological filtration The sewage treated by the improved oxidation ditch flows through the filter media layer in the biofilter, and the pollutants are oxidized and decomposed by the biofilm attached to the filter media, thereby purifying the water quality; S4. Disinfection The purified water is introduced into the post-disinfector, and the disinfectant and sewage are evenly added into the post-disinfector through the intermittent dosing and mixing mechanism for mixing, and then combined with the ultraviolet disinfection device to kill harmful microorganisms; S5. Sampling test The purified sewage is tested for indicators. The key suspended solids concentration and organic matter removal rate indicators in the filtered water are tested by professional equipment to evaluate the filtration effect. At the same time, comparative tests are carried out under different filtration conditions, changing the type of filter material, the number of layers or the resistance of the water distribution system, observing and recording the changes in the filtration effect, in order to find the optimal filtration conditions; S6, post-treatment drainage The treated reclaimed water that passes the random inspection will be used in industrial production, urban life, agricultural irrigation and other fields to achieve the reuse of water resources.

2. A water supply and drainage filtering method for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, during the initial treatment in the pretreatment box and the filter box, large debris and deposited sand and gravel are removed through a static grid, and further filtered using a coarse grid to remove solid particles with a diameter greater than 10 mm, such as kitchen waste and leaves. Then, a fine grid is used to filter particles with a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm, intercepting fibers, small leaves and other materials, to achieve multi-stage filtration pretreatment.

3. A water supply and drainage filtering method for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the grit chamber body is divided into three installation areas on the left and right, and a maintenance manhole is provided corresponding to each installation area. The water inlet inside the grit chamber body is along the water outlet direction, and coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, coarse fiber balls, fine fiber balls, anthracite and activated carbon are arranged in parallel in combination. The sewage first descends step by step through the coarse corrugated plates, fine corrugated plates, and coarse fiber balls, and then flows through the fine fiber balls through the water opening at the bottom of the tank, and gradually rises to the anthracite and the activated carbon on the top for fine filtration. It is reserved for treatment in the improved oxidation ditch. At the same time, a backwash cleaning and anti-clogging device is installed inside the grit chamber. A water pump is used to clean and backwash the coarse corrugated plates and the fine corrugated plates to prevent them from being blocked. The sludge deposited in the grit chamber is discharged to the sludge thickening tank by a mud pump. The sludge after sedimentation and concentration is discharged into the sludge tank by the mud pump. The sludge in the sludge tank is pumped into the filter by the mud pump for filtration. After drying, the sludge is sent to the landfill or used to improve the soil, and the filtrate returns to the improved oxidation ditch.

4. A water supply and drainage filtering method for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the filter material is composed of quartz sand and gravel, the improved oxidation ditch adopts microporous aeration to push flow, the water depth is designed to be 5 meters, and then the macromolecular organic matter is cracked into small molecular organic matter through the combination of anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic. In the anaerobic stage, under anaerobic conditions, the macromolecular organic matter is decomposed into small molecular organic matter through the hydrolysis and acidification of microorganisms. In the aerobic stage, under aerobic conditions, the small molecular organic matter is further degraded into carbon dioxide and water through the action of aerobic microorganisms. In the anoxic stage, under anaerobic conditions, nitrate and nitrite are reduced to nitrogen gas through the action of denitrifying bacteria to achieve denitrification. The anaerobic layer is located in the innermost layer of the biofilm and mainly performs anaerobic decomposition process. The aerobic layer is located above the anaerobic layer and contains aerobic and facultative microorganisms, wherein heterotrophic microorganisms are located in the upper layer and autotrophic microorganisms are located in the bottom layer. The attached water layer is adjacent to the aerobic layer to provide the necessary moisture environment for the biofilm. The flowing water layer is located in the outermost layer of the biofilm and is in direct contact with the sewage to complete the diffusion and transmission of pollutants.

5. A water supply and drainage filtering method for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the disinfectant is mainly chlorine disinfection, and the construction project water supply and drainage wastewater is disinfected using an effective chlorine solution containing 20 to 30 mg of free chlorine per liter of water, and finally the clean water after disinfection is discharged from the post-disinfector.

6. A water supply and drainage filtering method for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, water samples are regularly sampled by using turbidity meters, spectrophotometers and other related equipment. The suspended matter concentration is used to detect the content of suspended matter in the water and to determine the ability of the filtration system to remove suspended matter. The organic matter removal rate is used to evaluate the removal effect of the filtration system on organic matter to ensure water quality safety.

7. A water supply and drainage filtering method for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, the discharge standard of suspended matter in the suspended matter concentration is particles with a particle diameter between 0.1μm and 100μm. The suspended matter concentration directly affects the turbidity and transparency of the water body. A high concentration of suspended matter will have an adverse effect on the aquatic ecosystem. The removal rate of the pretreatment process in the organic matter removal rate is between 50% and 90%, mainly removing large particulate matter and suspended matter. The removal rate of the primary treatment process is between 60% and 90%, removing suspended matter, suspended organic matter and part of dissolved organic matter. The removal rate of the secondary treatment process is between 80% and 95%, mainly removing organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus through biological filtration methods. The removal rate of the tertiary treatment process is between 90% and 99%, further removing residual organic matter and nutrients. The removal rate of ultraviolet disinfection and disinfectant is above 95%.