Control method of power supply system, power supply system, energy storage equipment and sensor

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a control method of a power supply system, the power supply system, energy storage equipment and a sensor, the control method is applied to an indoor Internet of Things wireless sensor, the power supply system comprises an MPPT circuit and a power supply assembly, the input end of the MPPT circuit is used for being connected with a photovoltaic assembly, and the output end of the MPPT circuit is used for being connected with the power supply assembly; the power supply assembly comprises a super capacitor and a storage battery. The control method comprises the following steps: receiving illumination; whether the illumination intensity is larger than a first preset threshold value or not is judged, and if yes, an MPPT circuit is started so that the photovoltaic module can charge the super capacitor at the maximum power point; and detecting the stored energy of the super capacitor, and when the stored energy of the super capacitor reaches a second preset threshold value, controlling the super capacitor to release the stored energy to the storage battery. According to the embodiment of the invention, micro energy can be collected for endurance of the sensor, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the sensor is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of Internet of Things technology, and in particular to a control method for a power supply system, a power supply system, an energy storage device, and a sensor. Background Art

[0002] Wireless sensor networks are being deployed more and more widely. Battery life has become a bottleneck in the development of battery-powered wireless sensors. In many scenarios such as smart logistics, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, smart cities, smart homes, and other massive terminal devices, there are pain points such as environmental protection and long-term maintenance or battery replacement. There are many energy sources in the natural environment, such as photovoltaics, thermal energy, vibration, radio frequency, etc. Photovoltaics are relatively easy to obtain in outdoor environments, and the external energy that can be collected in indoor scenarios is very limited. Therefore, it is very necessary to collect and convert micro-energy into electrical energy to extend the battery life of sensors and reduce maintenance costs and maintenance frequency. At present, sensors lack methods to convert micro-energy into electrical energy to extend battery life. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a control method for a power supply system, a power supply system, an energy storage device and a sensor, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the embodiments of the present disclosure are as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a control method for a power supply system, which is applied to an indoor IoT wireless sensor. The power supply system includes: an MPPT circuit and a power supply component. The input end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect a photovoltaic component, and the output end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect a power supply component. The power supply component includes: a supercapacitor and a battery. The control method includes:

[0006] receiving light;

[0007] Determine whether the light intensity is greater than a first preset threshold value, and if so, turn on the MPPT circuit so that the photovoltaic component charges the supercapacitor at a maximum power point;

[0008] The energy storage of the supercapacitor is detected, and when the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches a second preset threshold, the supercapacitor is controlled to release the stored energy to the battery.

[0009] Exemplarily, the method further includes:

[0010] According to the importance of the tasks, the tasks of wireless sensors are divided into high priority, medium priority and low priority tasks;

[0011] The corresponding tasks are performed according to the energy adjustment of the supercapacitor and the battery.

[0012] Exemplarily, according to the light intensity value, the light conditions are divided into high light, medium light and low light;

[0013] The performing of corresponding tasks according to the energy adjustment of the supercapacitor and the battery includes:

[0014] High light conditions:

[0015] If the supercapacitor energy storage reaches or exceeds a third preset threshold, executing the high priority, medium priority, and low priority tasks;

[0016] If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds a fourth preset threshold, executing the high priority and medium priority tasks;

[0017] If the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery is lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold respectively, only the high priority task is executed;

[0018] or,

[0019] Medium light conditions:

[0020] If the supercapacitor energy storage reaches or exceeds a third preset threshold, high priority and medium priority tasks are executed;

[0021] If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds a fourth preset threshold, executing a high priority task;

[0022] If the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery is lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold respectively, entering the low power consumption mode;

[0023] or,

[0024] Low-light conditions:

[0025] If the supercapacitor energy storage reaches or exceeds a third preset threshold, the high priority task is executed.

[0026] If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds a fourth preset threshold, a high priority task is executed.

[0027] If the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery is lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold respectively, the low power consumption mode is entered.

[0028] Exemplarily, the high priority tasks include: performing emergency data transmission and key environmental monitoring tasks; the medium priority tasks include: performing routine data collection and periodic reporting; the low priority tasks include: performing data backup and redundancy checking;

[0029] Low power consumption mode includes shutting down non-essential functions and reducing sampling frequency.

[0030] Exemplarily, the environment is evaluated and tasks are scheduled once per second.

[0031] Exemplarily, the method further includes:

[0032] The frequency of data collection and data reporting is adjusted according to the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery.

[0033] Exemplarily, adjusting the frequency of data collection and reporting according to the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery includes:

[0034] When the supercapacitor is fully charged, the frequency of data collection and transmission is increased; when the power level is lower than a third preset threshold, the frequency of data collection and transmission is reduced;

[0035] When it is detected that the battery power is lower than a fourth preset threshold, the system enters a protective low-frequency working mode.

[0036] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a power supply system including: an MPPT circuit, a power supply component and a control unit, wherein the input end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to a photovoltaic component, and the output end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to the power supply component; the power supply component includes: a super capacitor and a battery, and the control unit is used to:

[0037] receiving light;

[0038] Determine whether the light intensity is greater than a first preset threshold value, and if so, turn on the MPPT circuit so that the photovoltaic component charges the supercapacitor at a maximum power point;

[0039] The energy storage of the supercapacitor is detected, and when the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches a second preset threshold, the supercapacitor is controlled to release the stored energy to the battery.

[0040] Exemplarily, the system further comprises: an instantaneous release circuit for releasing the stored energy of the supercapacitor;

[0041] The instantaneous release circuit comprises: a voltage divider circuit, a control switch and a drive circuit, wherein two ends of the voltage divider circuit are respectively connected to the supercapacitor and the control circuit;

[0042] The control switch connects the control circuit and the supercapacitor to control the supercapacitor to release energy;

[0043] The driving circuit is connected to the control circuit to ensure that the switching state of the MOSFET or the relay can be reliably controlled.

[0044] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides an energy storage device, including the power supply system as described above.

[0045] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a sensor, including the sensor as described above.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are:

[0047] The method of the embodiment of the present disclosure can collect indoor micro energy and meet the endurance of wireless sensors, extend the service life of equipment, reduce maintenance costs, and improve deployment flexibility and autonomy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a control method of a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiment of the present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described here are only used to explain the embodiment of the present disclosure and are not used to limit the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a control method in a power supply system, which is applied to indoor IoT wireless sensors. The method includes: the power supply system includes: an MPPT circuit and a power supply component, the input end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to a photovoltaic component, and the output end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to the power supply component; the power supply component includes: a super capacitor and a battery, and the control method includes:

[0052] Step S10: receiving light.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a light collecting element is used to detect the light intensity in the surrounding environment. Specifically, an ambient light sensor (ALS) can be used to detect the light intensity. The photosensitive sensor can collect ambient light at regular intervals.

[0054] Step S20, determining whether the light intensity is greater than a first preset threshold value, and if so, turning on the MPPT circuit so that the photovoltaic module charges the supercapacitor at the maximum power point.

[0055] Under normal circumstances, the indoor lighting environment light intensity is usually about 200lx. When the light intensity is greater than the first preset threshold, the first preset threshold can be 100lx, and the first preset threshold can also be set according to the actual situation. The microcontroller unit MCU turns on the MPPT circuit; first, the MPPT circuit ensures that the photovoltaic cell charges the supercapacitor at the maximum power point to shorten the charging time and improve the charging efficiency. The MPPT circuit can also be turned on after the light intensity is greater than the first preset value for a preset time to avoid unstable light and frequent opening or closing of the MPPT circuit.

[0056] Step S30: detecting the energy storage of the supercapacitor, and when the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches a second preset threshold, controlling the supercapacitor to release the stored energy to the battery.

[0057] In step S30 of the disclosed embodiment, the energy state of the supercapacitor can be determined by monitoring the voltage of the supercapacitor. The energy state can also be detected by combining the current integration method, and the technology can set the monitoring method according to the actual situation. When the MCU detects that the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches a certain value, the MCU controls the instantaneous release circuit to release the stored energy to the DCDC boost circuit, and collects the energy into the battery, which can be a lithium-ion battery.

[0058] The characteristic of the battery is that it has a high energy density and can provide a long-term stable power supply for the system. Therefore, when the supercapacitor is insufficient or there is not enough photovoltaic energy to supplement, the battery will serve as the main power supply to maintain the minimum operating requirements of the system.

[0059] The photovoltaic components in the power supply system of the embodiment of the present disclosure may be solar cells. The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a power management system based on low-light energy collection of solar cells. The first-stage comparator circuit operates under the conditions of a light intensity of 200 lux and an input power as low as 45uW. Through maximum power point tracking, it drives a wireless sensor device with an instantaneous maximum power of 60mW. That is, the MPPT circuit adjusts the energy storage collected as low as 45uW according to the current solar panel voltage to maintain the instantaneous wireless sensor with a maximum power of 60mW. Timing operation.

[0060] The MPPT circuit is based on the principle of the open-circuit voltage coefficient method to achieve maximum power point tracking. It consists of an oscillator and a corresponding control switch. When the external input light changes, the open-circuit voltage value is tracked through the acquisition circuit, and then the maximum power point voltage can be maintained at about 0.8 times the open-circuit voltage value through the first voltage comparator, the second voltage comparator and the third voltage comparator, thereby ensuring that the energy storage capacitor is always powered at the maximum power point.

[0061] The basic design idea of ​​the circuit is to first use the MPPT circuit to ensure that the photovoltaic cell charges the supercapacitor at the maximum power point to shorten the charging time and improve the charging efficiency. When the supercapacitor stores energy to a certain value, the instantaneous release circuit is used when the sensor needs instantaneous maximum output, so that the energy can be released to the DCDC boost converter in a short time interval and stored in the battery, thereby driving the wireless sensor to work. DCDC stores energy in the battery first, and the MCU collects and transmits wirelessly according to the scene needs. The MCU, sensor and wireless circuit are all powered by batteries.

[0062] The method further comprises:

[0063] Step S40: Divide the tasks of the wireless sensor into high priority, medium priority and low priority tasks according to the importance of the tasks.

[0064] In step S40 of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the tasks of the wireless sensor are divided into high priority, medium priority, low priority and the like according to the importance of the tasks.

[0065] The high-priority tasks include: executing important tasks such as emergency data transmission and critical environment monitoring; the medium-priority tasks include: executing routine data collection and periodic reporting; and the low-priority tasks include: executing data backup and redundancy checking.

[0066] Step S50: executing corresponding tasks according to the energy adjustment of the supercapacitor and the battery.

[0067] Use a spectral sensor to collect the current light intensity. According to the light intensity value, judge the current light condition, which includes high light, medium light and low light. Light intensity less than 200 lux and greater than 100 lux is low light, light intensity equal to or greater than 200 lux and less than 500 lux is medium light, and light intensity greater than or equal to 500 lux is high light.

[0068] As a specific example of step S50, the step of adjusting and executing corresponding tasks according to the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery includes:

[0069] Step S51, high light condition:

[0070] If the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches or exceeds the third preset threshold, it means that the energy storage is sufficient, and the high priority, medium priority and low priority tasks are executed.

[0071] If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds the fourth preset threshold, it means that the battery energy storage is sufficient, and the high priority and medium priority tasks are executed.

[0072] If the energy of the supercapacitor and the lithium battery is respectively lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold, indicating that both have insufficient energy, only the high priority task is executed.

[0073] or,

[0074] Step S52, medium light conditions:

[0075] If the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches or exceeds the third preset threshold, it means that the energy storage is sufficient, and the high priority and medium priority tasks are executed.

[0076] If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds the fourth preset threshold, it means that the battery energy storage is sufficient, and the high priority task is executed.

[0077] If the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery is lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold respectively, it means that the energy of both is insufficient, and the system enters the low power consumption mode.

[0078] or,

[0079] Step S53, low light condition:

[0080] If the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches or exceeds the third preset threshold, it means that the energy storage is sufficient, and the high priority task is executed.

[0081] If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds the fourth preset threshold, it means that the battery energy storage is sufficient, and the high priority task is executed.

[0082] If the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery is lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold respectively, it means that the energy of both is insufficient, and the system enters the low power consumption mode.

[0083] The method of the embodiment of the present disclosure can judge the current energy state by reading the voltage of the supercapacitor and the lithium-ion battery, including: the supercapacitor is sufficient, the lithium-ion battery is sufficient, and the energy is insufficient. Entering a low power consumption mode includes: shutting down non-essential functions and reducing the sampling frequency. Specifically, turning off the LED, reducing the sensor sampling frequency, etc. Preferably, the environment and scheduling tasks are evaluated once per second.

[0084] The method further comprises:

[0085] The frequency of data collection and data reporting is adjusted according to the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery.

[0086] The MCU dynamically adjusts the frequency of reporting data based on the statistics of the current collected energy, thereby obtaining enough energy to drive the wireless sensor nodes and ensure the continuous operation of the sensors.

[0087] Specifically, adjusting the frequency of data collection and reporting according to the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery includes:

[0088] When the supercapacitor is fully charged, the frequency of data collection and transmission is increased; when the power level is lower than a third preset threshold, the frequency of data collection and transmission is reduced to conserve the remaining energy;

[0089] When it is detected that the battery power is lower than the fifth preset threshold, the system should enter a protective low-frequency working mode, reduce unnecessary data collection and transmission, and retain only key tasks to ensure that the system can maintain basic functions for as long as possible with limited energy.

[0090] For example, during the day, supercapacitors can be used to handle most tasks while the battery is gradually charged; at night or when there is insufficient light, the battery is used for power supply, and the task frequency is appropriately reduced. The control method of the power supply system of the disclosed embodiment can achieve micro-energy collection and meet the endurance of wireless sensors, extend the service life of equipment, reduce maintenance costs, and improve deployment flexibility and autonomy. The wireless sensor can be a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, an air quality sensor, a motion sensor, a door and window status sensor, a water immersion sensor, a sound sensor, a gas leakage sensor, a pressure sensor, a power consumption sensor, a vibration sensor, etc.

[0091] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a power supply system, the power supply system comprising: an MPPT circuit, a power supply component and a control unit, the input end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to a photovoltaic component, and the output end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to the power supply component; the power supply component comprises: a super capacitor and a battery, and the control unit is used to:

[0092] receiving light;

[0093] Determine whether the light intensity is greater than a first preset threshold value, and if so, turn on the MPPT circuit so that the photovoltaic component charges the supercapacitor at a maximum power point;

[0094] The energy storage of the supercapacitor is detected, and when the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches a second preset threshold, the supercapacitor is controlled to release the stored energy to the battery.

[0095] like Figure 2 As shown, the system of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a solar cell, a first voltage comparator, an MPPT circuit, a second voltage comparator, a super capacitor, an instantaneous energy release circuit, a DCDC boost circuit, a battery, an environmental data acquisition circuit, a microcontroller MCU, a radio frequency RF module, etc.

[0096] The system also includes: an instantaneous release circuit for releasing the stored energy of the supercapacitor; the instantaneous release circuit includes: a voltage divider circuit, a control switch and a drive circuit, the two ends of the voltage divider circuit are respectively connected to the supercapacitor and the control circuit; the control switch connects the control circuit and the supercapacitor to control the supercapacitor to release energy; the drive circuit is connected to the control circuit to ensure that the MCU can reliably control the switching state of the MOSFET or the relay.

[0097] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides an energy storage device, including the power supply system as described above.

[0098] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a sensor, comprising the energy storage device as described above.

[0099] The sensor of the disclosed embodiment relates to the field of Internet of Things technology, specifically a method for extending the battery life of indoor Internet of Things wireless sensor devices. The technology can be related to various Internet of Things fields. The existing photovoltaic cell design schemes are all based on outdoor strong light, and there are few studies on low light and small current uA level. Internet of Things sensors are low-power devices. Collecting low-light energy can extend the working life of the sensor and reduce maintenance costs.

[0100] The above is only a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the embodiment of the present disclosure. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A control method for a power supply system, applied to indoor IoT wireless sensors, characterized in that: The power supply system includes: an MPPT circuit and a power supply component, the input end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to a photovoltaic component, and the output end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to the power supply component; the power supply component includes: a super capacitor and a battery, and the control method includes: receiving light; Determine whether the light intensity is greater than a first preset threshold value, and if so, turn on the MPPT circuit so that the photovoltaic component charges the supercapacitor at a maximum power point; The energy storage of the supercapacitor is detected, and when the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches a second preset threshold, the supercapacitor is controlled to release the stored energy to the battery.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: According to the importance of the tasks, the tasks of wireless sensors are divided into high priority, medium priority and low priority tasks; The corresponding tasks are performed according to the energy adjustment of the supercapacitor and the battery.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that According to the light intensity value, the light conditions are divided into high light, medium light and low light; The performing of corresponding tasks according to the energy adjustment of the supercapacitor and the battery includes: High light conditions: If the supercapacitor energy storage reaches or exceeds a third preset threshold, executing the high priority, medium priority, and low priority tasks; If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds a fourth preset threshold, executing the high priority and medium priority tasks; If the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery is lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold respectively, only the high priority task is executed; or, Medium light conditions: If the supercapacitor energy storage reaches or exceeds a third preset threshold, high priority and medium priority tasks are executed; If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds a fourth preset threshold, executing a high priority task; If the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery is lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold respectively, entering the low power consumption mode; or, Low-light conditions: If the supercapacitor energy storage reaches or exceeds a third preset threshold, the high priority task is executed. If the battery energy storage reaches or exceeds a fourth preset threshold, a high priority task is executed. If the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery is lower than the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold respectively, the low power consumption mode is entered.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The high-priority tasks include: executing urgent data transmission and key environmental monitoring tasks; the medium-priority tasks include: executing routine data collection and periodic reporting; the low-priority tasks include: executing data backup and redundancy checking; the low-power mode includes: shutting down non-essential functions and reducing the sampling frequency.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The frequency of data collection and data reporting is adjusted according to the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The frequency of adjusting data collection and reporting according to the energy of the supercapacitor and the battery includes: When the supercapacitor is fully charged, the frequency of data collection and transmission is increased; when the power level is lower than a third preset threshold, the frequency of data collection and transmission is reduced; When it is detected that the battery power is lower than a fourth preset threshold, the system enters a protective low-frequency working mode.

7. A power supply system, characterized in that: The power supply system includes: an MPPT circuit, a power supply component and a control unit, wherein the input end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to a photovoltaic component, and the output end of the MPPT circuit is used to connect to the power supply component; the power supply component includes: a super capacitor and a battery, and the control unit is used to: receiving light; Determine whether the light intensity is greater than a first preset threshold value, and if so, turn on the MPPT circuit so that the photovoltaic component charges the supercapacitor at a maximum power point; The energy storage of the supercapacitor is detected, and when the energy storage of the supercapacitor reaches a second preset threshold, the supercapacitor is controlled to release the stored energy to the battery.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The system further comprises: an instant release circuit for releasing the stored energy of the supercapacitor; The instantaneous release circuit comprises: a voltage divider circuit, a control switch and a drive circuit, wherein two ends of the voltage divider circuit are respectively connected to the supercapacitor and the control circuit; The control switch connects the control circuit and the supercapacitor to control the supercapacitor to release energy; The driving circuit is connected to the control circuit to ensure that the switching state of the MOSFET or the relay can be reliably controlled.

9. An energy storage device, characterized in that: A power supply system comprising claim 7 or 8.

10. A sensor, characterized in that: Including the energy storage device as described in claim 9.

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