Photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated system of large building and operation method of photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated system of a large building and an operation method of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated system, and solves the problems that heat loss of photovoltaic power generation for the building is large in the using process, and meanwhile the light energy conversion efficiency is affected by temperature rise in the working process of a photovoltaic panel. Comprising a power supply assembly, a grid-connected cabinet, a storage battery and a heat supply assembly, the power supply assembly comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel, a wind power generator and a transformer, the transformer is connected with a power grid, and a cooling water pipe is arranged on the bottom face of the photovoltaic power generation panel; the heat supply assembly comprises an ice storage machine, a phase change heat storage water tank, a ground source heat pump, an air conditioner, a water source heat pump, a lithium bromide unit, a water storage buffer water tank, a radiator and a heat exchange station. In the photovoltaic power generation process, the photovoltaic panel is cooled through water cooling, the light energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is guaranteed, heated cooling water is used for heat supply, waste heat recovery is achieved, energy loss is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interfaces to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. It is mainly composed of three parts: solar panels (modules), controllers and inverters. The main components are composed of electronic components. After the solar cells are connected in series and packaged for protection, they can form large-area solar cell modules, which are then combined with power controllers and other components to form photovoltaic power generation devices.

[0003] Photovoltaic building integration is a technology that integrates solar power generation (photovoltaic) products into buildings. Photovoltaic building integration is different from the form of photovoltaic systems attached to buildings. Photovoltaic building integration can be divided into two categories: one is the combination of photovoltaic arrays and buildings, and the other is the integration of photovoltaic arrays and buildings. Photovoltaic building integration can reduce carbon emissions and be cleaner, more environmentally friendly and energy-saving.

[0004] However, photovoltaic power generation for buildings results in large heat losses during use, and the temperature rise of photovoltaic panels during operation affects the efficiency of light energy conversion. Therefore, it does not meet existing needs. In this regard, we propose a photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for large buildings and its operation method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for large buildings and its operation method, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology that photovoltaic power generation for buildings has large heat loss during use, and the temperature rise during the operation of photovoltaic panels affects the light energy conversion efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building, comprising a power supply component, a grid-connected cabinet, a battery and a heating component, the power supply component comprising a photovoltaic power generation panel, a wind turbine generator and a transformer, the transformer being connected to the power grid, the photovoltaic power generation panel, the wind turbine generator, the transformer and the battery being connected via a grid-connected cabinet, and a cooling water pipe being provided on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel;

[0007] The heating component includes an ice storage machine, a phase-change water storage tank, a ground-source heat pump, an air conditioner, a water-source heat pump, a lithium bromide unit, a water storage buffer tank, a radiator and a heat exchange station. The grid-connected cabinet is connected to the ice storage machine and the phase-change water storage tank through a wire. The water storage buffer tank is connected to the cooling water pipe on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel through a water pipe. The ice storage machine, the phase-change water storage tank, the ground-source heat pump, the air conditioner, the water-source heat pump, the lithium bromide unit, the water storage buffer tank, the radiator and the heat exchange station are connected to each other by water pipes, and hot water or cold water is circulated and transported through the water pipes.

[0008] Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation panel includes an outer frame, which is fixed to the roof of the building by a bracket, and a plurality of mutually contacting solar mounting panels are detachably installed on the inner side of the outer frame, and a solar panel is detachably installed on the upper surface of the solar mounting panel, and the cooling water pipe is installed between the solar panel and the solar mounting panel.

[0009] Preferably, the upper surface of the outer frame is provided with two symmetrically distributed guide grooves, and an adjusting screw is rotatably installed on the inner side of the guide groove. One end of the adjusting screw is inserted into the inner part of the outer frame and connected to the outer frame through a ball bearing. This end of the adjusting screw is connected to a driving motor through a fixing pin, and the driving motor is fixed inside the outer frame.

[0010] Preferably, a supporting cylindrical pin is rotatably inserted at the other end of the adjusting screw rod, a fixing plate is fixed to the outer end of the supporting cylindrical pin, and the bottom end of the fixing plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the guide slot.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of linearly arranged movable sliders are slidably mounted on the inner side of the guide slot, and the movable sliders are in sliding contact with the solar mounting panel along the length direction of the guide slot. A connecting rope is fixed between every two adjacent movable sliders, and the connecting rope is an elastic rope.

[0012] Preferably, a semicircular groove is provided at the bottom of the movable slider, a thread is provided on the inner surface of the semicircular groove and the thread is engaged with the adjusting screw rod, and the movable slider and the adjusting screw rod are transmitted through the thread.

[0013] Preferably, two symmetrically distributed guide support bars are provided below the movable slider, the guide support bars are fixed inside the guide slot and the sides are in contact with the side walls of the guide slot, and the distance between two adjacent guide support bars is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the adjusting screw.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of linearly arranged moving bars are installed above one end of the outer frame, and the two ends of the moving bar are detachably fixed to the upper end surfaces of two moving sliders symmetrically on the inner sides of the two guide slide grooves, and the sides of each two moving bars facing each other are provided with storage grooves, and an elastic telescopic curtain is provided between each two adjacent moving bars, and the side edges of the elastic telescopic curtain are fixed on the inner side of the storage groove. The moving bar is made of rubber and is hollow inside, and a buffer strip is installed inside the moving bar, and the buffer strip is made of spring steel and is wavy curved.

[0015] Preferably, a cleaning scraper is fixed to the long side of the moving strip that is closest to the solar mounting panel, and the cleaning scraper comprises a scraper body, the bottom surface of the scraper body is flush with the upper surface of the solar panel, and the scraper body is provided with a V-shaped recessed groove on the side facing the solar mounting panel, and side baffles are fixed to both ends of the scraper body, the outer side surface of the side baffle is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the outer frame, and the bottom end of the side baffle is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the solar mounting panel, and a T-shaped groove is provided on the inner side of the side baffle, and a T-shaped slider is slidably installed on the inner side of the T-shaped groove, and a sliding connecting plate is fixed to the outside of the T-shaped slider, and two guide blocks symmetrically distributed up and down are fixed to the outer surface of the sliding connecting plate, and the ends of the two guide blocks are provided with inclined surfaces, and a filling gasket is provided between the two guide blocks, and the filling gasket is bonded to the sliding connecting plate by an adhesive.

[0016] A method for operating a photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: First, connect the photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, transformers and grid-connected cabinets through wires, and then connect the grid-connected cabinets to the batteries through wires;

[0018] S2: The direct current generated by the photovoltaic panels is converted into alternating current through the grid-connected cabinet, so as to realize the seamless connection between solar power generation and the power grid, so that the solar power generation can transmit electric energy to the power grid, thereby realizing the support for the power supply of the power grid;

[0019] S3: When the photovoltaic power generation panel is in operation, cooling water is transported into the cooling water pipe at the bottom of the photovoltaic power generation panel to cool the photovoltaic power generation panel in operation;

[0020] S4: After the cooling water recovers the heat from the photovoltaic panels during operation and heats them up, the heated cooling water is used to heat the interior of the building through water pipes;

[0021] S5: It can also heat the interior of the building through ground source heat pumps and water source heat pumps;

[0022] S6: When the ground source heat pump and water source heat pump are insufficient in heating, auxiliary heating can be provided by using gas as energy through lithium bromide units, or by using auxiliary heating.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention cools down the photovoltaic panels through water cooling during the photovoltaic power generation process to ensure the photovoltaic panels' efficiency in converting light energy, and utilizes the heated cooling water for heating to achieve waste heat recovery, thereby reducing energy loss and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0025] 2. The present invention heats the interior of a building through a heating system consisting of a water source heat pump, a ground source heat pump and cooling water that is heated after cooling the photovoltaic panels. When the heating system cannot meet the heating demand, a lithium bromide unit is activated to use gas as energy for auxiliary heating to meet the daily heat needs of users in the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a system diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic power generation panel of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning scraper of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning scraper combined with the photovoltaic power generation panel of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 An exploded view of the guide block of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the outer frame of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the moving bar and the storage slot of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the outer frame of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the moving bar of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a connection schematic diagram of the movable slider and the adjusting screw rod of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Photovoltaic power generation panel; 101. Outer frame; 102. Solar panel; 103. Solar mounting panel; 104. Guide slide; 105. Moving slider; 106. Moving bar; 107. Storage slot; 108. Elastic telescopic curtain; 109. Guide support bar; 110. Adjusting screw rod; 111. Driving motor; 112. Fixed sheet; 113. Support cylindrical pin; 114. Buffer bar; 115. Connecting rope; 116. Cleaning scraper; 1161. Scraper body; 1 162. V-shaped concave groove; 1163. Side baffle; 1164. Guide block; 1165. Sliding connecting plate; 1166. Filling gasket; 1167. T-shaped slide groove; 1168. T-shaped slider; 2. Wind turbine; 3. Transformer; 4. Grid cabinet; 5. Battery; 6. Ice storage machine; 7. Phase change water storage tank; 8. Ground source heat pump; 9. Air conditioner; 10. Water source heat pump; 11. Lithium bromide unit; 12. Water storage buffer tank; 13. Radiator; 14. Heat exchange station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] A photovoltaic and thermal integrated system for large buildings, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a power supply component, a grid cabinet 4, a battery 5 and a heating component. The power supply component includes a photovoltaic panel 1, a wind generator 2 and a transformer 3. The transformer 3 is connected to the power grid. The photovoltaic panel 1, the wind generator 2, the transformer 3 and the battery 5 are connected through the grid cabinet 4. A cooling water pipe is provided on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel 1. The current of the photovoltaic panel 1, the wind generator 2 and the transformer 3 is transmitted to the battery 5 for storage through the grid cabinet 4.

[0040] The heating components include an ice storage machine 6, a phase change water storage tank 7, a ground source heat pump 8, an air conditioner 9, a water source heat pump 10, a lithium bromide unit 11, a water storage buffer tank 12, a radiator 13 and a heat exchange station 14. The grid cabinet 4 is connected to the ice storage machine 6 and the phase change water storage tank 7 through a wire. The water storage buffer tank 12 is connected to the cooling water pipe on the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 1 through a water pipe. The ice storage machine 6, the phase change water storage tank 7, the ground source heat pump 8, the air conditioner 9, the water source heat pump 10, the lithium bromide unit 11, the water storage buffer tank 12, the radiator 13 and the heat exchange station 14. The water tank 12, the radiator 13 and the heat exchange station 14 are connected to each other by water pipes, and hot water or cold water is circulated through the water pipes. The water storage buffer tank 12 transports cooling water to the cooling water pipe on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 to cool the working photovoltaic panel 1, thereby ensuring that the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 1 to light energy will not be reduced, and heat is provided to users inside the building through the phase change water storage tank 7, the ground source heat pump 8, the air conditioner 9, the water source heat pump 10 and the lithium bromide unit 11.

[0041] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 includes an outer frame 101, which is fixed to the roof of the building by a bracket, and a plurality of mutually contacting solar mounting panels 103 are detachably mounted on the inner side of the outer frame 101, and a solar panel 102 is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the solar mounting panel 103, and a cooling water pipe is installed between the solar panel 102 and the solar mounting panel 103, and the solar panel 102 is used to convert solar energy, and the heat on the surface of the solar panel 102 is absorbed by the cooling water pipe.

[0042] The upper surface of the outer frame 101 is provided with two symmetrically distributed guide grooves 104, and an adjusting screw 110 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the guide groove 104. One end of the adjusting screw 110 is inserted into the outer frame 101 and connected to the outer frame 101 through a ball bearing. This end of the adjusting screw 110 is connected to a driving motor 111 through a fixing pin, and the driving motor 111 is fixed inside the outer frame 101. The other end of the adjusting screw 110 is rotatably inserted with a supporting cylindrical pin 113, and a fixing plate 112 is fixed to the outer end of the supporting cylindrical pin 113. The bottom end of the fixing plate 112 is fixed to the bottom surface of the guide groove 104. The fixing plate 112 and the supporting cylindrical pin 113 are used to support the adjusting screw 110 to ensure that the adjusting screw 110 can rotate freely under the drive of the driving motor 111 and the end will not be offset.

[0043] A plurality of linearly arranged moving sliders 105 are also slidably installed on the inner side of the guide slot 104. The moving sliders 105 are in sliding contact with the solar mounting panel 103. A connecting rope 115 is fixed between every two adjacent moving sliders 105. The connecting rope 115 is an elastic rope. A semicircular groove is provided at the bottom of the moving slider 105. A thread is provided on the inner surface of the semicircular groove and the thread is engaged with the adjusting screw 110. The moving slider 105 and the adjusting screw 110 are driven by thread transmission. When the adjusting screw 110 rotates, the moving slider 105 is driven by thread transmission to slide on the inner side of the guide slot 104, so that the moving slider 105 slides in the guide slot 104, thereby realizing the deployment and recovery of the moving bar 106.

[0044] Two symmetrically distributed guide support bars 109 are provided below the movable slider 105. The guide support bars 109 are fixed inside the guide slot 104 and the sides are in contact with the side walls of the guide slot 104. The spacing between two adjacent guide support bars 109 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the adjusting screw 110. The guide support bars 109 are used to support the movable slider 105 to ensure that the movable slider 105 contacts the adjusting screw 110 smoothly and moves along the axis of the adjusting screw 110.

[0045] A cleaning scraper 116 is fixed to the long side of the moving bar 106 that is closest to the solar panel 103. The cleaning scraper 116 includes a scraper body 1161. The bottom surface of the scraper body 1161 is flush with the upper surface of the solar panel 102. A V-shaped recessed groove 1162 is provided on the side of the scraper body 1161 facing the solar panel 103. Side baffles 1163 are fixed to both ends of the scraper body 1161. The outer side surface of the side baffle 1163 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the outer frame 101, and the bottom end of the side baffle 1163 is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the solar panel 103. A T-shaped slide groove 1167 is provided on the inner side of the side baffle 1163. A T-shaped slider 1168 is slidably installed on the inner side of the T-shaped slide groove 1167. A sliding connecting plate is fixed to the outside of the T-shaped slider 1168 1165, two guide blocks 1164 symmetrically distributed up and down are fixed on the outer surface of the sliding connection plate 1165, and the ends of the two guide blocks 1164 are provided with inclined surfaces. A filling gasket 1166 is provided between the two guide blocks 1164, and the filling gasket 1166 is bonded to the sliding connection plate 1165 by an adhesive. The two guide blocks 1164 are always slid in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the sides of the solar panel 102, and the gap between the V-shaped recessed groove 1162 and the solar mounting panel 103 is closed by the sliding connection plate 1165 and the filling gasket 1166. When the scraper body 1161 cleans the surface of the solar mounting panel 103, dust on the surface of the solar mounting panel 103 is prevented from entering the guide groove 104, thereby preventing the movement of the moving slider 105 from being affected.

[0046] A plurality of linearly arranged moving bars 106 are installed above one end of the outer frame 101, and the two ends of the moving bars 106 are detachably connected to the upper end surfaces of two moving sliders 105 symmetrically on the inner sides of the two guide slide grooves 104, and the sides of each two moving bars 106 facing each other are provided with a storage groove 107, and an elastic telescopic curtain 108 is provided between each two adjacent moving bars 106, and the side edges of the elastic telescopic curtain 108 are fixed on the inner sides of the storage grooves 107. The elastic telescopic curtain 108 between adjacent moving bars 106 is elastically unfolded to fully cover the solar panel 102, so as to prevent dust and leaves from falling on the surface of the solar panel 102 at night and polluting the solar panel 102, and at the same time, it protects the solar panel 102 in bad weather such as hail and snow. At the same time, when the moving bars 106 cover the solar mounting panel 103 at night, the moving bars 106 are unfolded to drive the scraper body 1161 to slide against the surface of the solar panel 102, so as to clean the dust or leaves on the surface of the solar panel 102.

[0047] The moving bar 106 is made of rubber and is hollow inside. A buffer bar 114 is installed inside the moving bar 106. The buffer bar 114 is made of spring steel and is curved in a wave shape. The wavy curved buffer bar 114 has good elasticity and rigidity, and supports the moving bar 106. At the same time, when an external object hits the moving bar 106, it elastically deforms to play a buffering role, thereby preventing the moving bar 106 from directly breaking due to the impact.

[0048] Working principle: In spring and autumn, the photovoltaic panels 1 are used to receive solar energy for conversion and power generation. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels 1 is used to supply power to the interior of the building. The excess electricity of the photovoltaic panels 1 is stored in the storage battery 5. During the power generation process of the photovoltaic panels 1, the temperature of the photovoltaic panels 1 rises. At this time, the water storage buffer tank 12 is used to transport cooling water into the cooling water pipe at the bottom of the photovoltaic panels 1 to cool the photovoltaic panels 1. The hot water generated by the increased cooling water temperature is directly sent to the municipal heating network or recharged geothermal heat to ensure that the temperature of the photovoltaic panels 1 will not overheat and to ensure the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels 1.

[0049] In summer, the photovoltaic panel 1 generates electricity, and the hot water generated by the cooling water pipe at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 1 is heat exchanged through the heat exchange station 14. After passing through the heat exchange station 14, the hot water enters the water storage buffer tank 12. The water source heat pump 10 absorbs the heat of the hot water in the water storage buffer tank 12, and supplies the high-temperature hot water to the lithium bromide unit 11. The lithium bromide unit 11 cools after receiving the hot water, and transmits the cold air to the air conditioner 9 through the pipeline network to provide cold air inside the building and reduce the indoor temperature of the building. At the same time, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 is stored in the battery 5. When the electricity price is low, the ice storage machine 6 uses the low-priced electricity of the municipal power grid for ice refrigeration. The heat generated during refrigeration is dissipated through the radiator 13. The cold air of the air conditioner 9 is increased by the ice storage machine 6. When the electricity price is high, the ice storage machine 6 is supplied by the battery 5 for ice refrigeration and supplies cold air to the air conditioner 9.

[0050] In winter, when the photovoltaic generator 1 generates electricity, the hot water generated by the bottom cooling water pipe enters the water storage buffer tank 12 through the heat exchange station 14. The water storage buffer tank 12 transmits the heat of the hot water to the fan coil connected to the air conditioner 9, and then supplies heat to the interior of the building through the fan coil. At the same time, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 is stored in the battery 5. When the electricity price is low, the electricity from the grid is used, and the phase change heat storage device is used to store heat. The heat is directly used by the air conditioner 9. When the electricity price is high, the battery 5 is used to power the phase change heat storage device for heating.

[0051] A method for operating a photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building, the method comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1: First, the photovoltaic panel 1, the wind turbine 2, the transformer 3 are connected to the grid cabinet 4 through wires, and then the grid cabinet 4 is connected to the battery 5 through wires;

[0053] S2: The direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 is converted into alternating current through four pairs of grid-connected cabinets, so as to realize seamless connection between solar power generation and the power grid, so that the solar power generation can transmit electric energy to the power grid, thereby realizing support for power supply to the power grid;

[0054] S3: When the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 is in operation, cooling water is transported into the cooling water pipe at the bottom of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 through the water storage buffer tank 12 to cool the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 in operation;

[0055] S4: After the cooling water recovers the heat of the photovoltaic panel 1 during operation and heats it up, the heated cooling water is used to heat the interior of the building through the water pipes;

[0056] S5: The interior of the building can be heated by the ground source heat pump 8 and the water source heat pump 10 at the same time;

[0057] S6: When the ground source heat pump 8 and the water source heat pump 10 are insufficient in heating, the lithium bromide unit 11 uses gas as energy to provide auxiliary heating, or performs auxiliary heating.

[0058] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building, comprising a power supply component, a grid-connected cabinet (4), a storage battery (5) and a heating component, characterized in that: The power supply assembly comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel (1), a wind power generator (2) and a transformer (3), wherein the transformer (3) is connected to a power grid, the photovoltaic power generation panel (1), the wind power generator (2), the transformer (3) and a storage battery (5) are connected via a grid-connected cabinet (4), and a cooling water pipe is provided on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel (1); The heating component comprises an ice storage machine (6), a phase-change water storage tank (7), a ground source heat pump (8), an air conditioner (9), a water source heat pump (10), a lithium bromide unit (11), a water storage buffer tank (12), a radiator (13) and a heat exchange station (14); the grid-connected cabinet (4) is connected to the ice storage machine (6) and the phase-change water storage tank (7) via a wire; the water storage buffer tank (12) is connected to a cooling water pipe on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel (1) via a water pipe; the ice storage machine (6), the phase-change water storage tank (7), the ground source heat pump (8), the air conditioner (9), the water source heat pump (10), the lithium bromide unit (11), the water storage buffer tank (12), the radiator (13) and the heat exchange station (14) are connected to each other via a water pipe, and hot water or cold water is circulated and transported via the water pipe.

2. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation panel (1) comprises an outer frame (101), the outer frame (101) is fixed to the roof of a building via a bracket, a plurality of mutually contacting solar mounting panels (103) are detachably mounted on the inner side of the outer frame (101), a solar panel (102) is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the solar mounting panel (103), and the cooling water pipe is mounted between the solar panel (102) and the solar mounting panel (103).

3. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the outer frame (101) is provided with two symmetrically distributed guide grooves (104), and an adjusting screw rod (110) is rotatably installed inside the guide groove (104). One end of the adjusting screw rod (110) is inserted into the inner part of the outer frame (101) and is connected to the outer frame (101) through a ball bearing. This end of the adjusting screw rod (110) is connected to a driving motor (111) through a fixing pin, and the driving motor (111) is fixed inside the outer frame (101).

4. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other end of the adjusting screw rod (110) is rotatably plugged with a supporting cylindrical pin (113), the outer end of the supporting cylindrical pin (113) is fixed with a fixing plate (112), and the bottom end of the fixing plate (112) is fixed to the bottom surface of the guide slide groove (104).

5. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of linearly arranged movable sliders (105) are also slidably mounted on the inner side of the guide slide groove (104); the movable sliders (105) are in sliding contact with the solar mounting panel (103) along the length direction of the guide slide groove (104); a connecting rope (115) is fixed between every two adjacent movable sliders (105); and the connecting rope (115) is an elastic rope.

6. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 5, characterized in that: A semicircular groove is provided at the bottom of the movable slider (105), a thread is provided on the inner surface of the semicircular groove and the thread is meshed with the adjusting screw rod (110), and the movable slider (105) and the adjusting screw rod (110) are driven by the thread.

7. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two symmetrically distributed guide support strips (109) are provided below the movable slider (105); the guide support strips (109) are fixed inside the guide slot (104) and the sides thereof are in contact with the side walls of the guide slot (104); and the spacing between two adjacent guide support strips (109) is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the adjusting screw rod (110).

8. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of linearly arranged moving bars (106) are installed above one end of the outer frame (101), and the two ends of the moving bars (106) are detachably fixed to the upper end surfaces of two moving sliders (105) symmetrically arranged on the inner sides of the two guide slide grooves (104). The sides of each two moving bars (106) facing each other are provided with a storage groove (107), and an elastic telescopic curtain (108) is provided between each two adjacent moving bars (106), and the side edges of the elastic telescopic curtain (108) are fixed on the inner side of the storage groove (107). The moving bars (106) are made of rubber and are hollow inside. A buffer bar (114) is installed inside the moving bars (106), and the buffer bar (114) is made of spring steel and is wavy.

9. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cleaning scraper (116) is fixed to the long side of the moving strip (106) that is closest to the solar panel (103), and the cleaning scraper (116) includes a scraper body (1161), the bottom surface of the scraper body (1161) is flush with the upper surface of the solar panel (102), and the side of the scraper body (1161) facing the solar panel (103) is provided with a V-shaped recessed groove (1162), and side baffles (1163) are fixed to both ends of the scraper body (1161), the outer side surface of the side baffle (1163) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the outer frame (101), and the bottom end of the side baffle (1163) is in contact with the solar panel (102). 03) upper surface sliding contact, the inner side of the side baffle (1163) is provided with a T-shaped groove (1167), the inner side of the T-shaped groove (1167) is slidably installed with a T-shaped slider (1168), the outside of the T-shaped slider (1168) is fixed with a sliding connection plate (1165), the outer surface of the sliding connection plate (1165) is fixed with two guide blocks (1164) symmetrically distributed up and down, the ends of the two guide blocks (1164) are both provided with inclined surfaces, a filling gasket (1166) is provided between the two guide blocks (1164), and the filling gasket (1166) and the sliding connection plate (1165) are bonded by an adhesive.

10. The method for operating a photovoltaic-thermal integrated system for a large building according to claim 9, characterized in that: The operation method comprises the following steps: S1: Firstly, the photovoltaic power generation panel (1), the wind power generator (2), and the transformer (3) are connected to the grid cabinet (4) through wires, and then the grid cabinet (4) is connected to the battery (5) through wires; S2: The direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel (1) is converted into alternating current through the grid-connected cabinet (4), so as to realize seamless connection between solar power generation and the grid, so that the solar power generation can transmit electric energy to the grid, thereby realizing support for the grid power supply; S3: When the photovoltaic power generation panel (1) is in operation, cooling water is transported into the cooling water pipe at the bottom of the photovoltaic power generation panel (1) through 12 to cool the photovoltaic power generation panel (1) in operation; S4: After the cooling water recovers the heat of the photovoltaic power generation panel (1) during operation and raises the temperature, the heated cooling water is used to heat the interior of the building through a water pipe; S5: The interior of the building can be heated by a ground source heat pump (8) and a water source heat pump (10) at the same time; S6: When the heat supply of the ground source heat pump (8) and the water source heat pump (10) is insufficient, auxiliary heating is performed by using gas as energy through the lithium bromide unit (11), or by performing auxiliary heating.

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