Use of 1-octen-3-ol in the control of solenopsis invicta

Abstract

The application discloses application of 1-octen-3-ol in prevention and treatment of Solenopsis invicta. 1-octen-3-ol has toxicity to Solenopsis invicta, and behavior analysis shows that 1-octen-3-ol also affects various social behaviors of Solenopsis invicta, including aggregation and nest cleaning (deposition of excrement) behaviors, so that the prevention and treatment effect on Solenopsis invicta is achieved. 1-octen-3-ol can also be used as a repellent odor source to produce a repellent effect on Solenopsis invicta, so as to prevent Solenopsis invicta from spreading or invading a specific area. 1-octen-3-ol has the characteristics of easy volatilization, non-toxicity, no residue and insolubility in water, and cannot cause land residue pollution, is not affected by weather, is safer and more effective, and has a wide application prospect in prevention and treatment of Solenopsis invicta.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to application of 1-octen-3-ol in prevention and treatment of red imported fire ants. BACKGROUND

[0002] The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren) is originally from the Panama River Basin in South America and is one of the world's most dangerous invasive species. It has the characteristics of fast reproduction, strong competitiveness and great destructive power, and can cause disaster in a short time after invasion, seriously affecting agricultural production, people's life and ecological environment in the area where it occurs. It has invaded 12 provinces in China, and the invasion area is expanding northward and westward. It occurs more in places with sufficient sunlight such as land ridges, riverbanks, wastelands, parks, highways, community green belts and adjacent forest lands, and less in farmlands and forest lands than in green areas. The highest altitude is 2800m, showing a natural expansion trend from south to north, from low-heat river valleys to cold areas, and from low altitudes to high altitudes. New districts and counties are invaded every year.

[0003] The red imported fire ant poses a major threat to agricultural and forestry production, animal health and biodiversity. It causes serious damage to the local ant ecosystem by replacing native ants. For example, the invasion of the red imported fire ant has a negative impact on the population density and biodiversity of small arthropods (collembolans and mites), thereby damaging the ecological function of the soil in agricultural systems. Similarly, the invasion of the red imported fire ant damages the seeds of upland crops including wheat, sorghum, corn, soybeans and cotton, resulting in a decrease in agricultural yield. In addition, the presence of the red imported fire ant has been shown to change the physical and chemical properties of agricultural soil, with the carbon-nitrogen ratio, organic matter content and pH of the ant mound being significantly higher than those of the surrounding soil. A bite from the red imported fire ant can cause an allergic reaction (redness, itching, swelling), and in severe cases can cause acute chest tightness, difficulty breathing and even shock, thereby having a huge impact on agricultural production and sightseeing.

[0004] The existing prevention and control methods for the red imported fire ant include: (1) independent mound treatment method: in severely damaged and moderately damaged areas, the visible ant mounds can be directly treated by pouring or using powder, granular and other forms of pesticide, which can effectively eliminate more than 98% of the ant mounds. However, this method can only treat obvious visible ant mounds, and is prone to miss the newly established ant nests that have not yet produced obvious ant mounds. Moreover, most of the pouring pesticide products require 5-10 liters of pesticide to be added to each ant nest, which is a large amount of pesticide and has a high cost. In addition, it is easy to cause land pollution due to pesticide residues.

[0005] The existing independent ant hill treatment method has problems of missing prevention and treatment of new ant nests, high cost of irrigation method and easy to cause land residual pollution, and weather influence of bait method. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to develop a new type of red imported fire ant control preparation.

[0006] 1-octen-3-ol (CAS No.: 3391-86-4, molecular formula C8H 16 O, structural formula CH2=CHCH(OH)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3, English name 1-octen-3-ol) is a colorless to pale yellow oily liquid, which is an edible flavor allowed to be used in GB 2760-2014 and GB 29976-2013, and can be extracted from various spice crops or artificially synthesized. 1-octen-3-ol has the characteristics of easy volatilization, non-toxic, no residue and insoluble in water. So far, there is no report on the prevention and treatment effect of 1-octen-3-ol on red imported fire ants, especially the fumigation prevention and treatment of red imported fire ants, and the extremely small amount of 1-octen-3-ol and the remarkable effect, which has a significant progress. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of this, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide the application of 1-octen-3-ol in the prevention and treatment of red imported fire ants.

[0008] Preferably, the prevention and treatment of red imported fire ants includes killing red imported fire ants and / or reducing the social behavior ability of red imported fire ants.

[0009] Preferably, the social behavior ability includes the aggregation ability and / or the ability to abandon the corpse.

[0010] Preferably, the fumigation method is used to prevent and treat 1-octen-3-ol.

[0011] Preferably, the fumigation concentration of 1-octen-3-ol is greater than or equal to 0.0702 μg / cm3.

[0012] Preferably, the fumigation concentration is 0.0702 μg / cm3.

[0013] The 1-octen-3-ol has toxicity to red imported fire ants, and can kill the red imported fire ants by fumigation, contact or diet, thereby preventing and treating. The 1-octen-3-ol can also interfere with the chemical communication signal transmission between the red imported fire ant colonies, so that they cannot accurately identify the same kind and nest environment information. In the aspect of aggregation behavior, after being treated by the 1-octen-3-ol, the mutual attraction and aggregation coordination between the red imported fire ant individuals are destroyed, the originally close and orderly colony structure becomes loose, and the efficiency of collective foraging, defense against external enemies and construction and maintenance of the nest is reduced. For nest cleaning (waste disposal) behavior, the substance can cause abnormal perception and processing of the red imported fire ants to the dead same kind or nest sundries, so that the sanitary condition in the nest is deteriorated, diseases are easily spread, and the survival ability and reproductive success rate of the whole ant colony are weakened. The destruction of the social behavior of the red imported fire ants from the inside of the colony to the survival system has a more comprehensive, in-depth and long-acting prevention and treatment effect compared with the traditional prevention and treatment method of killing individuals only, opens up a new direction and strategy for the comprehensive prevention and control of the red imported fire ants, and has an application value that cannot be ignored in the field of red imported fire ant control.

[0014] The second object of the present application is to provide an application of 1-octen-3-ol in repelling red imported fire ants.

[0015] Preferably, the concentration of 1-octen-3-ol as a repellent odor source is greater than or equal to 0.83 mg / mL.

[0016] Preferably, the concentration of the repellent odor source is 0.83 mg / mL.

[0017] The special smell of 1-octen-3-ol can effectively interfere with the olfactory perception system of the red imported fire ants, so that they actively avoid the corresponding area after perceiving the smell, thereby preventing the red imported fire ants from spreading or invading a specific area. This repellent effect is efficient and durable, compared with traditional physical isolation or chemical repellents, 1-octen-3-ol does not cause additional pollution and damage to the environment, and its range is wider, which can form an effective protection area in a larger area, effectively reducing the harm of red imported fire ants to crops, landscape and human living environment, etc., and showing unique advantages and great application potential in the field of ecological prevention and control of red imported fire ants.

[0018] The third object of the present application is to provide an application of the red imported fire ants killed by 1-octen-3-ol in preventing and treating normal red imported fire ants.

[0019] Preferably, the prevention and treatment of normal red imported fire ants is to prevent and treat the environmental pollution caused by the cleaning of the dead bodies of the red imported fire ants killed by 1-octen-3-ol by normal red imported fire ants.

[0020] Preferably, the concentration of 1-octen-3-ol in the red imported fire ants killed by 1-octen-3-ol is greater than or equal to 0.702 μg / cm3.

[0021] Preferably, the concentration of 1-octen-3-ol is 0.702 μg / cm3.

[0022] Normal red ants are red ants that have not been treated with 1-octen-3-ol. Normal red ants will abandon the cleaning of the corpses of red ants killed by 1-octen-3-ol, and the corpses of red ants killed by 1-octen-3-ol will also have a series of negative effects on the ant colony, such as disease transmission, deterioration of the nest environment, reduction of ant work efficiency, survival ability, reproduction rate, and attraction of natural enemies and pests, and ultimately lead to a decrease in the number of ants or even extinction, thereby achieving the effect of prevention and control.

[0023] In summary, the present application uses 1-octen-3-ol to control red ants. 1-octen-3-ol is toxic to red ants, and behavioral analysis shows that 1-octen-3-ol also affects a variety of social behaviors of red ants, including aggregation and nest cleaning (corpse abandonment) behavior, thereby achieving the effect of controlling red ants. 1-octen-3-ol can also be used as a repellent odor source to produce a repellent effect on red ants, thereby preventing red ants from spreading or invading specific areas. 1-octen-3-ol is volatile, non-toxic, non-residual, and insoluble in water, and does not cause land residue pollution, making it safer and more effective. Thus, 1-octen-3-ol avoids the problems of existing independent ant hill treatment methods, such as the lack of prevention and control of new ant nests, high cost of irrigation methods and easy land residue pollution, and weather dependence of bait methods. In particular, 1-octen-3-ol can be used to control red ants through fumigation, and the amount of 1-octen-3-ol used is extremely small, and the effect is significant, which represents a significant progress and has a broad application prospect in the control of red ants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Survival curves of red ants exposed to different concentrations of 1-octen-3-ol;

[0025] Figure 2 Half lethal time of fumigation with different concentrations of 1-octen-3-ol;

[0026] Figure 3 Effect of different concentrations of 1-octen-3-ol on the repellent behavior of red ants;

[0027] Figure 4 Difference in aggregation behavior of red ants exposed to 1-octen-3-ol;

[0028] Figure 5 Difference in corpse abandonment behavior of healthy red ant workers to corpses of two kinds of red ants killed by freezing and 1-octen-3-ol, respectively;

[0029] Figure 6The difference in necrophoric behavior of surviving red imported fire ants exposed to 1-octen-3-ol and methanol (control group) respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive to the application. The application is not limited to the following embodiments or examples, and any modification and variation made without departing from the spirit of the application shall be included in the scope of the application. The experimental reagents used in the following examples can be purchased through commercial channels unless otherwise specified. 1-octen-3-ol (abbreviated as octenol, purity ≥98.0%) used in the following examples was purchased from Shanghai Maikelin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; and the red imported fire ants used were collected from Moon Lake Park in Xingyi City, Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture.

[0031] Example 1: Toxicity test of 1-octen-3-ol on red imported fire ants (fumigation method)

[0032] Fifteen red imported fire ant workers were placed in a 2-ounce plastic cup, and the inner wall of the cup was coated with talcum powder. Two centrifuge tube caps were placed in each plastic cup; one cap contained 50 μL of a 10% sucrose solution, and the other cap contained 0.5 μL of an octenol methanol solution of different concentrations (1-1000-fold dilution of octenol in methanol), and the final concentration of octenol reached 7.02, 0.0702, 0.0702 and 0.00702 μg / cm3 respectively (Note: 7.02 μg / cm3 means using 7.02 μg of octenol per cubic centimeter of space volume, and the rest are similar). Then the cup was tightly sealed. The control group was treated with (0.5 μL) methanol in the cap. The fumigation activity was evaluated by counting the number of surviving workers every 12 hours within 5 days. The cumulative survival rate was calculated according to the following formula: survival rate (%) = number of surviving test ants / total number of test ants x 100. Each treatment contained three technical replicates, and the entire experiment was repeated using three batches of independent workers.

[0033] Fumigation toxicity effect: the survival of red imported fire ant workers was examined in a series of octenol fumigation experiments at a range of concentrations over a period of 5 days ( Figure 1 ). The calculated time to 50% mortality (LT50) for ants treated with the highest concentration of octenol tested (7.02 μg / cm3) was 0.29 days ( Figure 2). When the octenol concentration was reduced 10-fold (0.702 μg / cm3), the LT50 value increased to 3 days and the cumulative mortality 5 days after treatment was 91%. When the octenol concentration was reduced (0.0702 μg / cm3 and 0.00702 μg / cm3), the LT50 increased to 4.4 days and 6.0 days, respectively, and the cumulative mortality 5 days after treatment decreased to 87% and 37%, respectively. Based on these data, the half lethal concentration (LC50) of octenol was determined to be 0.0702 μg / cm3 using SPSS software probit.

[0034] Example 2: Repellency behavior test of 1-octen-3-ol to Solenopsis invicta

[0035] Behavioral choice experiments of S. invicta to octenol were conducted using a Y-tube olfactometer. The room lighting was provided by LED lights directly above the Y-tube apparatus. The experiments were conducted at a temperature of 25 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 60 ± 5%. The gas flow rate in the Y-tube was 60 mL / s. Six concentrations of octenol in methanol were prepared by serially diluting a stock solution of 830 mg / mL octenol in methanol by 10-fold increments to 100,000-fold. For each test condition, 10 μL of sample (octenol in methanol or control methanol) was added to a filter paper strip (3 cm x 3 cm) which was then inserted into one arm of the Y-tube as the odor source. An identical sized filter paper strip containing (10 μL) methanol was placed in the other arm of the Y-tube as a control. One test ant was placed at the base of the Y-tube olfactometer and if the ant crossed two-thirds of the length of the Y-tube branch arm within 5 minutes, it was recorded as a “choice”; otherwise, it was recorded as “no choice” (not included in the data). To ensure no directional bias, the Y-tube arm connected to the odor source was switched to the other arm tube after 5 ants were tested. A total of 15 ants were tested per treatment. Each treatment contained three technical replicates (15 ants per replicate) and the entire experiment was repeated using three separate batches of worker ants.

[0036] Repellency behavior effect: Y-tube olfactometry was performed as described in the Materials and Methods section to examine the response of S. invicta to octenol. S. invicta workers exhibited significant (P < 0.01) repellency behavior at octenol concentrations of 830 mg / mL, 83 mg / mL, 8.3 mg / mL, and 0.83 mg / mL with repellency levels of 94.2%, 91.2%, 76.7%, and 72.2%, respectively. Figure 3 ) No repellency behavior was observed at the lower test concentrations of 0.083 mg / mL and 0.0083 mg / mL.

[0037] Example 3: Aggregation behavior test of 1-octen-3-ol to Solenopsis invicta

[0038] To measure aggregation, the number of individual S. invicta responses to 0.0702 pg / cm3 octenol was examined. Aggregation was considered positive when ants were placed at the bottom of the cup for one hour or more. Aggregation was defined as the formation of groups composed of three or more ants. The level of aggregation was calculated using the following formula: Aggregation (%) = number of aggregated ants / total number of ants x 100. Each treatment contained 20 ants and was performed in triplicate. The entire experiment was repeated using three independent batches of workers.

[0039] Aggregation behavior impact: 97% of S. invicta workers showed aggregation behavior under methanol control exposure conditions, while this aggregation behavior decreased to 13.3% under 0.0702 pg / cm3 octenol treatment (P < 0.001, Figure 4 ). This indicates that 1-octen-3-ol reduces the aggregation behavior ability of S. invicta.

[0040] Example 4: Nest cleaning (cemetery) behavior test of S. invicta by 1-octen-3-ol

[0041] The impact of octenol exposure on the corpse carrying behavior (corpse removal) of S. invicta was performed in two types of experiments: (a) 15 untreated live workers were placed individually in boxes containing five frozen ant corpses and five ant corpses killed by octenol (0.702 pg / cm3), four of which were arranged in a square and the remaining one was placed in the center of the square. Three days later, the live workers were recorded for moving any dead corpses to the “cemetery”. (b) 30 healthy workers were first exposed to octenol (0.0702 pg / cm3) or methanol, respectively, and after 3 days of exposure, 15 surviving workers were selected from each group and placed in boxes containing five frozen ant corpses. Three days later, the live workers were recorded for moving any dead corpses to the “cemetery”. Each experiment contained three technical replicates (15 ants per replicate). The entire experiment was repeated using three independent batches of workers.

[0042] Nest cleaning (cemetery, moving corpses to the cemetery) impact: 100% of frozen killed ants were moved by healthy workers treated with the methanol control, while only 33% of ants killed by octenol were moved (P < 0.01, Figure 5 ). When the cemetery behavior analysis was performed using surviving workers (survivors) previously exposed to octenol, these octenol-exposed surviving workers showed a reduced corpse carrying behavior of 27% for frozen killed ants, while the methanol-exposed control workers maintained a 100% cemetery response for frozen killed ants (P < 0.01, Figure 6 ). This indicates that octenol reduces the cemetery behavior ability of S. invicta, while healthy S. invicta will reduce the cleaning of ants killed by octenol.

[0043] In summary, 1-octen-3-ol has toxicity to S. invicta and affects the behavior, and can be used for the prevention and control of S. invicta.

[0044] The conventional techniques and schemes not described in detail in the above examples are well known in the art, and thus will not be described in detail here. The above examples and / or experimental examples describe preferred embodiments of the present application in detail, however, the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments, and within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical scheme of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Use of 1 -octen-3-ol for controlling Solenopsis invicta, characterized in that, The 1-octen-3-ol is prevented and controlled by fumigation, and the fumigation concentration of the 1-octen-3-ol is greater than or equal to 0.0702 µg / cm³.

2. Use according to claim 1, wherein The red imported fire ant is prevented and controlled, including killing the red imported fire ant and / or reducing the social behavior ability of the red imported fire ant.

3. Use according to claim 2, wherein the compound is ###0002### The social behavior ability includes the aggregation ability and / or the ability of abandoning the dead body.

4. The application of the red imported fire ant killed by 1-octen-3-ol in preventing and controlling normal red imported fire ants, wherein the concentration of 1-octen-3-ol in the red imported fire ant killed by 1-octen-3-ol is greater than or equal to 0.702 µg / cm³.

5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the compound is ###0002### The normal red imported fire ants are prevented and controlled by abandoning the dead body of the red imported fire ant killed by 1-octen-3-ol.

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