Visual grouting diffusion test device and method with multi-fracture characteristics

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of crack grouting, and relates to a multi-crack-characteristic visual grouting diffusion test device and method.The multi-crack-characteristic visual grouting diffusion test device comprises a multi-interface-characteristic crack structure, a grouting system, a water control system, a monitoring system and a test bed, the multi-interface-characteristic crack structure is arranged on the test bed and connected with the grouting system and the water control system, and the monitoring system is arranged on the test bed and connected with the grouting system and the water control system; the monitoring system is respectively connected with the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure and the test bed; the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure comprises a fracture top plate, a fracture bottom plate, rubber strips and a boundary height control device, the fracture bottom plate is installed on the test bed, the rubber strips are installed on the periphery of the fracture bottom plate, the fracture top plate is placed on the rubber strips on the periphery of the fracture bottom plate, and the fracture top plate, the fracture bottom plate and the rubber strips are fixed to the test bed through the boundary height control device. According to the method, the practical engineering problems of poor grouting effect, poor bonding effect and the like caused by complex crack form and construction environment conditions are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fissure grouting, and in particular relates to a visual grouting diffusion test device and method for multiple fissure characteristics. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's transportation infrastructure construction, the hydrogeological conditions of the service environment faced by tunnel and highway construction and maintenance are becoming increasingly complex, and the safety operation and maintenance situation is becoming increasingly severe. Structural defects such as structural peeling, cracking and voiding seriously affect the operational safety of transportation infrastructure. Especially in water-rich environments, water scouring, erosion and the pumping effect of water accumulation in cracks caused by vehicle-driven water will aggravate the deterioration of the structure. How to effectively displace accumulated water, repair cracks and fill voids is the key to treating hidden diseases in tunnels and highways. Grouting technology provides a new way for the non-destructive treatment of such engineering diseases.

[0003] The diffusion of slurry in cracks has a significant impact on the effect of grouting treatment. For this reason, many scholars have designed various types of crack diffusion test equipment and studied the diffusion properties of various grouting materials. The viscosity of fast-curing grouting materials changes dramatically over time, and its diffusion performance is closely related to the characteristics of the crack medium. At present, grouting technology has been widely used in the field of disaster protection of transportation infrastructure. However, due to the concealment of the grouting process, there are still certain blind spots in the diffusion mechanism of materials and the diffusion mechanism under the action of dynamic water, which restricts the refined application of grouting technology. Model test is an important means to explore the diffusion mechanism of materials, which can intuitively reflect the diffusion process of materials in cracks. However, the existing crack diffusion test equipment and methods are mostly concentrated on the smooth flat cracks of a single medium, the diffusion of smooth cross cracks and the diffusion of smooth cracks in porous media. The comprehensive influence mechanism of factors such as crack surface characteristics, crack position morphology, fragmented particles in cracks, external dynamic water environment and water pressure on the flow and diffusion effect of slurry is not fully considered. It is difficult to truly simulate the grouting diffusion process and law in the actual complex construction environment, which seriously affects the grouting repair effect. The patent application with publication number CN112147041A provides a constant pressure controlled rough crack double liquid grouting diffusion visualization test device, which includes: a constant pressure grouting control system: used to provide constant pressure mixed slurry to the grouting diffusion visualization test system; a grouting diffusion visualization test system: including an organic glass upper plate and an organic glass lower plate arranged on a supporting steel frame, one end of the organic glass upper plate and the organic glass lower plate are fixed by bolts, and the other end is adjusted by setting the number of pads to adjust the crack opening; a data acquisition system: connected to the grouting diffusion visualization test system, used to collect and record the grouting diffusion path and grouting pressure. The device in this patent application can only simulate the diffusion process of slurry in a single rough flat plate crack, and the grouting repair effect is poor, and there are the same disadvantages as the prior art.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to solve practical engineering problems such as poor grouting effect and poor bonding effect caused by complex crack morphology and construction environment conditions, and to improve the grouting repair effect and efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics to solve the problem in the prior art that the grouting effect is poor due to the complex crack morphology and construction environment conditions; in addition, the present invention also provides a visual grouting diffusion test method with multiple crack characteristics.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics, comprising:

[0008] A multi-interface characteristic fracture structure, a grouting system, a water control system, a monitoring system and a test bench, wherein the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure is arranged on the test bench and is respectively connected to the grouting system and the water control system, and the monitoring system is respectively connected to the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure and the test bench; the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure comprises a fracture top plate, a fracture bottom plate, a rubber strip and a boundary height control device, the fracture bottom plate is installed on the test bench, the rubber strip is installed around the fracture bottom plate, the fracture top plate is placed on the rubber strips around the fracture bottom plate, and the fracture top plate, fracture bottom plate and rubber strip are fixed to the test bench via the boundary height control device.

[0009] Furthermore, a top plate grid is evenly arranged on the crack top plate, water pressure sensor connection holes are evenly opened on the crack bottom plate, a grouting hole is arranged on one side of the water pressure sensor connection hole, and the grouting system is connected to the grouting hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the monitoring system includes a water pressure sensor and a video monitoring camera device, the water pressure sensor is connected to the water pressure sensor connection hole, and the video monitoring camera device is installed on the test bench.

[0011] Furthermore, the test bench includes a bottom rod, a vertical rod, a middle cross rod, a lower rotating shaft, a telescopic rod, an upper rotating shaft, a bottom plate bracket, a water pipe diverter and a pad strip. The two bottom rods are arranged opposite to each other, and the two vertical rods are each vertically arranged on one bottom rod. The middle cross rod is arranged between the two vertical rods, and the two are connected by the lower rotating shaft. One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the vertical rod through the lower rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate bracket through the upper rotating shaft. The pad strip is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate bracket, and the water pipe diverter is arranged on one side of the bottom plate bracket. The water pipe diverter is connected to the water control system.

[0012] Furthermore, the water pipe diverter includes a water injection pipe, a water diversion pipe and a diversion pipe. The water injection pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the diversion pipe, and a plurality of diversion pipes are located on the opposite side of the water injection pipe and fixedly connected to the water diversion pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the video monitoring camera device includes a lower telescopic rod, a telescopic vertical rod, an upper telescopic horizontal rod and a camera holder, one end of the lower telescopic rod is fixed to the middle horizontal rod, and the other end is connected to the telescopic vertical rod, the other end of the telescopic vertical rod is connected to the upper telescopic horizontal rod, and the other end of the upper telescopic horizontal rod is fixed to the camera holder.

[0014] Furthermore, the test bench also includes side guard bars arranged on the bottom plate bracket, and the side guard bars are arranged on two sides adjacent to the water pipe diverter and on one side opposite to the water pipe diverter.

[0015] Furthermore, the test bench also includes a level ruler, which is arranged on the outside of the side guard bars on two adjacent sides of the water pipe diverter.

[0016] Furthermore, the boundary height control device includes a side fastening nut, a side fastening screw, a side fastening bolt, an upper clamping plate, an outer height adjustment side plate, an inner height adjustment side plate, a lower clamping plate and a compression spring. The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are arranged opposite to each other, and the outer height adjustment side plate and the inner height adjustment side plate are both vertically arranged between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. The compression spring is sleeved on the outer height adjustment side plate and the inner height adjustment side plate, and the side fastening screw is provided on the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. The side fastening nut is sleeved on the side fastening screw, and the side fastening bolt is arranged on one side of the side fastening screw.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for visualizing grouting diffusion test of multiple crack characteristics, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S10, 3D printing of fracture top and fracture bottom plates with quantitative roughness;

[0019] S20, installing the crack top plate and the crack bottom plate with quantitative roughness on the test bench, and then installing the test device;

[0020] S30. After installation, the grouting system is turned on to conduct a grouting diffusion test, and the monitoring system performs real-time data monitoring;

[0021] S40, after the test, time-calibrate the video pressure data and extract the video frames;

[0022] S50, after extracting the video frame, preprocessing the image, including calibrating the image size, setting the scale, contrast enhancement, background smoothing, background correction, HIS color separation selection method grayscale processing, segmentation threshold selection and edge morphology correction;

[0023] S60, after the image processing is completed, the time-correlated area is calculated, and the pressure data is matched to effectively match the pressure change during the experiment with the actual situation of fluid diffusion.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the visual grouting diffusion test device and method for multiple crack characteristics provided by the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] Existing crack diffusion test equipment and methods are mostly focused on the study of single-medium smooth flat cracks, smooth cross crack diffusion and porous medium smooth crack diffusion. The comprehensive influence mechanism of factors such as crack surface characteristics, crack position morphology, fragmented particles in cracks, external dynamic water environment and water pressure on the flow and diffusion effect of slurry is not fully considered. It is difficult to truly simulate the grouting diffusion process and law of the actual complex construction environment, which seriously affects the grouting repair effect. The present invention can simultaneously consider the characteristics of multiple crack openings, crack surface roughness, water flow conditions in cracks, etc., and realize the test of grouting diffusion in complex crack environments. The test process can intuitively and quantitatively reveal the diffusion characteristics of multiple slurries, the characteristics of water accumulation in cracks driven by slurries, and the flow and diffusion characteristics of slurries in dynamic water environments, which helps to reveal the diffusion reinforcement mechanism of grouting materials in complex cracks. It is suitable for the rapid reinforcement and repair mechanism of hidden diseases such as cracks in transportation infrastructure structures, and through intelligent data processing methods, the material grouting diffusion morphology is quickly processed, which greatly improves the crack grouting repair effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the scheme of the present invention, a brief introduction is given below to the figures required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the figures described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other figures can be obtained based on these figures without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 An overall diagram of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack features provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a multi-interface characteristic crack structure of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a fracture top plate grid of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple fracture features provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of grouting holes and water pressure sensor connection holes of a fracture bottom plate of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple fracture features provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A test bench structure diagram of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A left view of a water pipe diverter of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack features provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A right view of a water pipe diverter of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack features provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 A top view of a water pipe diverter of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack features provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 A structural diagram of a boundary height control device of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack features provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the working of a boundary height control device of a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack features provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 A flow chart of a method for visualizing grouting diffusion test of multiple crack characteristics provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure numerals: 10-multi-interface characteristic crack structure; 101-crack top plate; 1011-top plate grid; 102-crack bottom plate; 1021-water pressure sensor connection hole; 1022-grouting hole; 103-rubber strip; 104-boundary height control device; 1041-side fastening nut; 1042-side fastening screw; 1043-side fastening bolt; 1044-upper clamp; 1045-external height adjustment side plate; 1046-inner height adjustment side plate; 1047-lower clamp; 1048-compression spring; 20-grouting system; 105-crack; 30-water control system; 4 0-monitoring system; 401-water pressure sensor; 402-video monitoring camera device; 4021-lower telescopic rod; 4022-telescopic vertical rod; 4023-upper telescopic horizontal rod; 4024-camera holder; 50-test bench; 501-bottom rod; 502-vertical rod; 503-middle horizontal rod; 504-lower rotating shaft; 505-telescopic rod; 506-upper rotating shaft; 507-bottom plate bracket; 508-water pipe diverter; 5081-water injection pipe; 5082-water distribution pipe; 5083-diverter pipe; 509-pad; 510-side guard bar; 511-level ruler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention; the terms used in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. For example, the directions or positions indicated by the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description and should not be understood as limitations on the present technical solution.

[0040] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order. In the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "mounted on" or "disposed on" or "connected to" another element, it may be directly or indirectly located on the other element. For example, when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0041] In addition, reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0042] The present invention provides a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack features, which is applied to the grouting repair process of cracks in road structure layers. The visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack features includes:

[0043] A multi-interface characteristic fracture structure, a grouting system, a water control system, a monitoring system and a test bench. The multi-interface characteristic fracture structure is arranged on the test bench and is respectively connected to the grouting system and the water control system. The monitoring system is respectively connected to the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure and the test bench. The multi-interface characteristic fracture structure comprises a fracture top plate, a fracture bottom plate, a rubber strip and a boundary height control device. The fracture bottom plate is installed on the test bench, the rubber strips are installed around the fracture bottom plate, the fracture top plate is placed on the rubber strips around the fracture bottom plate, and the fracture top plate, the fracture bottom plate and the rubber strips are fixed to the test bench through the boundary height control device.

[0044] The present invention effectively solves practical engineering problems such as poor grouting effect and poor bonding effect caused by complex crack morphology and construction environment conditions.

[0045] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] The present invention provides a visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics, which is applied in the grouting repair process of cracks in road structure layers. Figures 1 to 10 In this embodiment, the visual grouting diffusion test device for multiple crack features includes:

[0047] The multi-interface characteristic fracture structure 10, the grouting system 20, the water control system 30, the monitoring system 40 and the test bench 50, the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure 10 is arranged on the test bench 50 and is respectively connected to the grouting system 20 and the water control system 30, the monitoring system 40 is respectively connected to the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure 10 and the test bench 50; the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure 10 comprises a fracture top plate 101, a fracture bottom plate 102, a rubber strip 103 and a boundary height control device 104, the fracture bottom plate 102 is installed on the test bench 50, and the rubber strip 103 is installed on the fracture bottom plate 102, the fracture top plate 101 is placed on the rubber strips 103 around the fracture bottom plate 102, the fracture top plate 101 and the fracture bottom plate 102 together constitute a fracture 105, the fracture top plate 101 and the fracture bottom plate 102 are both transparent plates, generated by 3D printing, and used to form a fracture gap. One side is a rough surface with quantitative roughness characteristics. The quantitative rough surface construction method is shown in the process or method part, and one side is a smooth plane. The smooth plane of the fracture top plate 101 is evenly provided with a top plate grid 1011, which is used to intuitively and quickly locate the diffusion range of the material. The fracture top plate 101, the crack bottom plate 102, and the rubber strip 103 are fixed to the test bench 50 through the boundary height control device 104. The boundary height control device 104 is adjusted to control the crack opening. The length and width of the boundary height control device 104 can be adjusted and customized according to needs. Water pressure sensor connection holes 1021 are evenly opened on the crack bottom plate 102. The number of water pressure sensor connection holes 1021 is 16, which are divided into four rows and four columns. Grouting holes 1022 are arranged on the right side of the water pressure sensor connection holes 1021. The grouting system 20 is connected to the grouting holes 1022 through a high-pressure pipe. The plate 102 is installed on the test bench 50, and rubber strips are pasted around it to form a water stop to prevent water or material slurry from overflowing from all sides; the monitoring system 40 includes a water pressure sensor 401 and a video monitoring camera device 402. The water pressure sensor 401 is connected to the water pressure sensor connection hole 1021 through a bellows. The video monitoring camera device 402 is installed on the test bench 50 and is used to monitor the diffusion form of the slurry during the grouting process. The terminal of the water pressure sensor 401 is connected to the voltage monitoring demodulator to monitor the change law of the fracture liquid pressure during the grouting diffusion process.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the rubber strip 103 is adhered to the edges of the crack bottom plate 102 by double-sided flexible tape. The width and thickness of the rubber strip 103 can be adjusted as needed. Double-sided flexible tape is adhered on the top of the rubber strip 103 to connect the crack top plate 101 and the crack bottom plate 102. After the rubber strip 103 is adhered and fixed to the crack top plate 101, the gap is filled with glass glue to ensure the sealing of the crack structure.

[0049] Further, in this embodiment, the test bench 50 includes a bottom rod 501, a vertical rod 502, a middle cross rod 503, a lower rotating shaft 504, a telescopic rod 505, an upper rotating shaft 506, a bottom plate bracket 507, a water pipe diverter 508 and a pad 509, two bottom rods 501 are arranged opposite to each other, two vertical rods 502 are each vertically arranged on one bottom rod 501, the middle cross rod 503 is arranged between the two vertical rods 502, and the two are connected by the lower rotating shaft 504, and one end of the telescopic rod 505 is connected to the vertical rod 502 by the lower rotating shaft 5 04, and the other end is connected to the bottom bracket 507 through the upper shaft 506. The pad 509 is set at the bottom of the bottom bracket 507, and the crack bottom plate 101 is installed on the pad 509. The bottom bracket 507 and the pad 509 of the test bench 50 are used to place the multi-interface characteristic crack structure 10. The lower shaft 504 of the test bench 50 can adjust the height of the pad 509 and one side of the multi-interface characteristic crack structure 10 by controlling the length of the telescopic rod 505, so that the multi-interface characteristic crack structure 10 is aligned with the horizontal direction. There may be a certain inclination angle, so as to realize the morphological change of the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure 10. The water pipe diverter 508 is arranged on one side of the bottom plate bracket 507. The water pipe diverter 508 is connected to the water control system 30 and is used to form a stable layered water flow in the fracture 105. The water pipe diverter 508 includes a water injection pipe 5081, a water diversion pipe 5082 and a diversion pipe 5083. The water injection pipe 5081 is fixedly connected to one side of the diversion pipe 5083. The ten diversion pipes 5083 are located on the opposite side of the water injection pipe 5081 and connected to the water diversion pipe 5082. 082 is fixedly connected, the water injection pipe 5081 of the water pipe diverter 508 is connected to the water injection port of the water control system 30, and water is injected into the crack 105 through the precision water pressure pump of the water control system 30. The monitoring system 40 includes a timer, a water tank and a sensor. The timing starts when water inflow is detected. At the same time, the sensor can monitor the water level to calculate the real-time drainage volume, and then calculate the water flow rate. On the one hand, it is used for the dynamic water flow rate setting in the early stage of grouting in the dynamic water environment, and on the other hand, it is used for the drainage flow record of the static water diffusion test.

[0050] In some other embodiments, the number of shunt pipes 5083 can be reasonably set according to the actual situation on site.

[0051] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the video monitoring camera device 402 includes a lower telescopic rod 4021, a telescopic vertical rod 4022, an upper telescopic horizontal rod 4023 and a camera holder 4024. One end of the lower telescopic rod 4021 is fixed on the middle horizontal rod 503, and the other end is connected to the telescopic vertical rod 4022. The other end of the telescopic vertical rod 4022 is connected to the upper telescopic horizontal rod 4023. The other end of the upper telescopic horizontal rod 4023 is fixed with a camera holder 4024. The camera holder 4024 is used to install the camera monitoring equipment. The camera position and angle can be adjusted by adjusting the lower telescopic rod 4021, the telescopic vertical rod 4022 and the upper telescopic horizontal rod 4023.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the test bench 50 also includes side guard bars 510 arranged on the bottom plate bracket 507. The side guard bars 510 are arranged on both sides adjacent to the water pipe diverter 508 and on the opposite side to prevent water from flowing out from the side other than the water pipe diverter 508 during the test and affecting the test effect.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the test bench 50 also includes a level ruler 511, which is arranged on the outside of the side guard bars 510 on the adjacent sides of the water pipe diverter 508 to ensure the horizontal stability of the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure 10 during the test, and further ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the boundary height control device 104 includes a side fastening nut 1041, a side fastening screw 1042, a side fastening bolt 1043, an upper clamping plate 1044, an outer height adjustment side plate 1045, an inner height adjustment side plate 1046, a lower clamping plate 1047 and a compression spring 1048. The upper clamping plate 1044 and the lower clamping plate 1047 are arranged opposite to each other, the outer height adjustment side plate 1045 and the inner height adjustment side plate 1046 are both vertically arranged between the upper clamping plate 1044 and the lower clamping plate 1047, the outer height adjustment side plate 1045 and the inner height adjustment side plate 1046 are both sleeved with a compression spring 1048, the upper clamping plate 1044 and the lower clamping plate 1047 are both provided with a side fastening screw 1042, the side fastening nut 1041 is sleeved on the side fastening screw 1042, and the side fastening bolt 1043 is arranged on one side of the side fastening screw 1042.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the multi-interface characteristic crack structure 10 is fixed by adjusting the crack opening through the boundary height control device 104. The boundary height control device 104 adjusts the opening between the upper clamping plate 1044 and the lower clamping plate 1047 through multiple side fastening screws 1042 and side fastening nuts 1041. The outer height adjustment side plate 1045 and the inner height adjustment side plate 1046 can be adjusted by the compression spring 1048 to cooperate with the opening of the upper clamping plate 1044 and the lower clamping plate 1047. The lower clamping plate 1047 of the device 104 is placed under the bottom plate bracket 507 of the test bench 50, and the upper clamping plate 1044 is placed above the crack top plate 101. The inner height-adjustable side plate 1046 is tightly attached to the side of the multi-interface characteristic crack structure 10. The side fastening bolts 1043 are adjusted to fix the height of the boundary height control device 104. The side fastening bolts 1043 are adjusted to make the upper clamping plate 1044 and the lower clamping plate 1047 tightly attached to the crack top plate 101 and the bottom plate bracket 507 of the test bench 50 respectively.

[0056] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for visualizing grouting diffusion test of multiple crack characteristics, which is applied to the above-mentioned test device and combined with Figures 1 to 11 In this embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:

[0057] S10, 3D printing the fracture top plate 101 and the fracture bottom plate 102 with quantitative roughness.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, firstly, the models of the crack bottom plate 102 and the crack top plate 101 with quantitative roughness are constructed, and after the models are constructed, the crack bottom plate 102 and the crack top plate 101 are manufactured by 3D printing.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the model construction process of the fracture bottom plate 102 and the fracture top plate 101 is as follows:

[0060] Initializing parameters is the basis of the entire process, which involves setting the relevant parameters of the surface morphology. Common initialization parameters include the width and length of the surface, which determine the size of the generated surface. The relevant length defines the spatial characteristics of the surface roughness. The root mean square height (RMS) is a common indicator for measuring surface roughness and determines the average height of the surface undulations.

[0061] Generate a basic grid. This step divides the two-dimensional surface into a regular grid structure. The intersection of each grid is the coordinate point. These grid points are used to describe the geometric shape of the surface. The density and distribution of the grid are crucial to the subsequent calculation accuracy and model details. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably select the grid size according to actual needs.

[0062] After the grid is generated, the next step is to generate random numbers. The standard normal distribution (Gaussian distribution) is used to generate random numbers. These random numbers will represent the height fluctuations of the surface at each coordinate point. The standard normal distribution ensures that the generated random numbers meet the expected statistical characteristics, which helps to ensure that the subsequent surface roughness has reasonable physical meaning. Frequency filtering is then performed to control the roughness characteristics of the generated surface so that the rough surface has a specific correlation length. The correlation length defines the degree of spatial correlation of the height fluctuations on the rough surface. Through filtering, the noise components with excessively high frequencies can be removed, so that the spatial distribution of surface fluctuations conforms to the preset physical model.

[0063] After frequency filtering, Fourier transform is performed to convert the random noise data in the time domain to the frequency domain. This can more conveniently control the frequency characteristics of surface fluctuations and accurately adjust different frequency components in the frequency domain, thereby adjusting the overall morphology and characteristics of the rough surface. After the frequency adjustment is completed, an inverse Fourier transform is performed to convert the filtered frequency domain data back to time domain data to obtain the actual spatial morphology of the surface. This process ensures that the surface morphology meets the requirements set in the frequency domain while also retaining the basic characteristics of roughness.

[0064] Next, scaling adjustment is performed. By scaling the result of the inverse transformation, the height of the surface is adjusted to the required root mean square height (RMS), thereby controlling the overall intensity of the roughness. The root mean square height directly affects the surface characteristics of the final 3D printed model.

[0065] Finally, the generated rough surface data is output as an STL file, which is a widely used file format in the 3D printing process. In the STL file, each triangular facet of the surface is described in detail, which enables the 3D printer to accurately print a fracture plate with a specific roughness. Through this complete process, a 3D printing model that meets the specific roughness requirements is obtained, and the actual printing operation is performed to obtain a quantitative roughness surface structure with one side smooth and the other side rough.

[0066] S20, installing the crack top plate and crack bottom plate with quantitative roughness on the test bench, and then installing the test device.

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment, first, a base plate with quantitative roughness interface characteristics is installed on the test bench 50 platform, a rubber strip 103 of corresponding thickness is pasted on the edge of the crack base plate 102, a flexible double-sided tape is pasted on the top of the rubber strip 103, the crack top plate 101 is installed, and the gap is filled with glass glue, and the boundary height control device 104 is used to fix the grouting crack base plate 102, the crack top plate 101 and the upper and lower surfaces of the test bench 50 platform to complete the installation of the grouting crack plate; the rotating end of the grouting crack plate is lifted to the corresponding position, the grouting hole 1022 of the crack base plate 102 is connected to the grouting pipe of the grouting system 20, and the drainage hole is connected to the water collection flow monitoring device through the drainage bellows; the water pressure sensor sensor hole 1021 of the crack base plate 102 is connected to the water pressure sensor 401 through the bellows, and the water pressure sensor terminal is connected to the water pressure acquisition demodulator system for monitoring the multiple cracks during the test. The liquid pressure changes at key positions; the water injection pipe 5081 of the water pipe diverter 508 is connected to the precision pressure control water pump of the water control system 30, and water is evenly injected into the crack 105 through the precision pressure control water pump and the water pipe diverter 508, and the drainage hose and the monitoring system 40 are lifted at the same time. The initial water pressure control in the grouting crack is achieved by adjusting the water level in the drainage hose, and the preset water pressure value is verified through the pressure transmitter data until the water pressure and water flow rate in the crack remain stable; a high-definition high-frame camera is installed and the upper telescopic horizontal bar 4023, the telescopic vertical bar 4022 and the lower telescopic bar 4021 of the camera stand are adjusted so that the camera is located directly above the center of the grouting crack, and the fixed angle of the camera holder 4024 is adjusted so that the camera is parallel to the multi-interface characteristic crack structure 10 to avoid distortion of the video and image; the water pressure acquisition demodulator system time of the camera and water pressure sensor is calibrated to keep the two consistent.

[0068] S30, after installation, the grouting system 20 is turned on to perform a grouting diffusion test, and the monitoring system 40 performs real-time data monitoring.

[0069] Specifically, the grouting system 20 is connected to the grouting hole 1022 located at the fracture bottom plate 102 through a high-pressure pipe. After the two-component slurry is evenly mixed, the grouting diffusion test is carried out. At the same time, the camera and monitoring system 40 monitor the data in real time.

[0070] S40: After the test, time calibration is performed on the video pressure data, and video frames are extracted.

[0071] Specifically, in this embodiment, in the process of processing video data captured during the visualization of fluid flow conditions in the fracture grouting diffusion test, it is first necessary to perform time calibration of the video pressure data. This step ensures that an accurate time relationship can be established between the video data and the actual pressure data in the experiment, which facilitates subsequent analysis. Through time calibration, the frame rate of the video can be synchronized with the pressure data recorded by the experimental equipment, thereby providing a basis for subsequent image analysis and pressure data matching. Next, video frame extraction is performed. By selecting appropriate time intervals, multiple key frames are extracted from the video. These frames are important data sources for analyzing fracture expansion and fluid flow processes. The extraction of video frames is usually determined based on the time points of the experimental design and the key events of fluid flow.

[0072] S50, after extracting the video frame, preprocessing the image, including calibrating the image size, setting the scale, contrast enhancement, background smoothing, background correction, HIS color separation selection method grayscale processing, segmentation threshold selection and edge morphology correction.

[0073] Specifically, in this embodiment, after extracting the video frame, the image preprocessing stage is performed. The purpose of this processing is to improve the image quality through a series of image processing operations to ensure that the subsequent analysis is more accurate and reliable. First, the image size calibration is performed, that is, to ensure that all extracted frame images are consistent with the experimental settings in terms of spatial scale to avoid data errors caused by inconsistent image sizes. Next, it is necessary to set a ruler so that the range and size of the cracks and fluid flow can be accurately calculated in subsequent analysis. Image contrast enhancement, background smoothing and background correction are key steps in preprocessing. These operations help to remove unnecessary interference caused by factors such as uneven illumination and noise in the image, thereby highlighting the main features of the crack structure and fluid diffusion. In addition, background smoothing and background correction can eliminate irregular backgrounds in the image and enhance the visibility of cracks and fluid flow. The HIS color selection method is used to grayscale the image, convert the image into a grayscale image, remove color information, highlight the changes in the structure, and select the segmentation threshold by visual segmentation. The threshold is manually determined according to the characteristics of the image and the test requirements, and the threshold data is saved to ensure the consistency of the threshold of each image, thereby reducing the error caused by different threshold selection. There may be some isolated bright spots and black spots in the image segmentation results, which are caused by image noise or other interference factors. In order to eliminate these noise points, the morphological processing method is used to further optimize the image, eliminate these isolated elements, and obtain a more accurate fracture morphology image. The image after morphological processing can better reflect the true morphology of the fracture and the path of fluid diffusion.

[0074] S60, after the image processing is completed, the time-correlated area is calculated, and the pressure data is matched to effectively match the pressure change during the experiment with the actual situation of fluid diffusion.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the image processing is completed, the time-correlated area calculation stage is entered. This step measures the area of ​​the crack area in each frame of the image and matches the pressure data according to the coordinate points to provide a quantitative basis for the subsequent diffusion range analysis. In the pressure data matching stage, the image is gridded and the position of the pressure data recorded by the test and water pressure gauge is matched, so that the pressure changes during the experiment are effectively matched with the actual situation of fluid diffusion.

[0076] The visualized grouting diffusion test device and method for multiple crack features described in the above-mentioned embodiments are compared with the prior art. Existing crack diffusion test equipment and methods mostly focus on the research of smooth flat cracks of a single medium, smooth cross crack diffusion and smooth crack diffusion of porous media. They do not fully consider the comprehensive influence mechanism of factors such as crack surface characteristics, crack position and morphology, broken particles in the cracks, external dynamic water environment and water pressure on the slurry flow and diffusion effect. It is difficult to truly simulate the grouting diffusion process and laws in an actual complex construction environment, which seriously affects the grouting repair effect. The present invention can simultaneously consider characteristics such as the opening of multiple fractures, the roughness of the fracture surface, and the water flow conditions in the fractures, thereby realizing the experimental test of grouting diffusion in a complex fracture environment. The experimental process can intuitively and quantitatively reveal the diffusion characteristics of multiple slurries, the characteristics of water accumulation in the fractures caused by slurry displacement, and the flow and diffusion characteristics of slurries in a dynamic water environment, which helps to reveal the diffusion reinforcement mechanism of grouting materials in complex fractures, and is suitable for revealing the rapid reinforcement and repair mechanism of hidden diseases such as cracks in transportation infrastructure structures. It also uses intelligent data processing methods to quickly process the diffusion morphology of material grouting, greatly improving the fracture grouting repair effect.

[0077] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned specific embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics, characterized in that: include: A multi-interface characteristic fracture structure, a grouting system, a water control system, a monitoring system and a test bench, wherein the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure is arranged on the test bench and is respectively connected to the grouting system and the water control system, and the monitoring system is respectively connected to the multi-interface characteristic fracture structure and the test bench; The multi-interface characteristic crack structure includes a crack top plate, a crack bottom plate, a rubber strip and a boundary height control device. The crack bottom plate is installed on the test bench, the rubber strip is installed around the crack bottom plate, the crack top plate is placed on the rubber strips around the crack bottom plate, and the crack top plate, crack bottom plate and rubber strip are fixed to the test bench through the boundary height control device.

2. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate of the crack is evenly provided with a top plate grid, the bottom plate of the crack is evenly provided with water pressure sensor connection holes, one side of the water pressure sensor connection hole is provided with a grouting hole, and the grouting system is connected to the grouting hole.

3. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring system comprises a water pressure sensor and a video monitoring camera device. The water pressure sensor is connected to the water pressure sensor connection hole, and the video monitoring camera device is installed on the test bench.

4. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test bench includes a bottom rod, a vertical rod, a middle cross rod, a lower rotating shaft, a telescopic rod, an upper rotating shaft, a bottom plate bracket, a water pipe diverter and a pad. The two bottom rods are arranged opposite to each other, the two vertical rods are each vertically arranged on one bottom rod, the middle cross rod is arranged between the two vertical rods, and the two are connected by the lower rotating shaft, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the vertical rod through the lower rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate bracket through the upper rotating shaft, the pad is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate bracket, the water pipe diverter is arranged on one side of the bottom plate bracket, and the water pipe diverter is connected to the water control system.

5. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water pipe diverter comprises a water injection pipe, a water diversion pipe and a diversion pipe. The water injection pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the diversion pipe, and a plurality of diversion pipes are located on the opposite side of the water injection pipe and are fixedly connected to the water diversion pipe.

6. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The video monitoring camera device includes a lower telescopic rod, a telescopic vertical rod, an upper telescopic cross rod and a camera holder, wherein one end of the lower telescopic rod is fixed to the middle cross rod, and the other end is connected to the telescopic vertical rod, the other end of the telescopic vertical rod is connected to the upper telescopic cross rod, and the other end of the upper telescopic cross rod is fixed to the camera holder.

7. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test bench also includes side guard bars arranged on the bottom plate bracket, and the side guard bars are arranged on two sides adjacent to the water pipe diverter and on a side opposite to the water pipe diverter.

8. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The test bench also includes a level ruler, which is arranged on the outside of the side guard bars on two adjacent sides of the water pipe diverter.

9. A visual grouting diffusion test device with multiple crack characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boundary height control device includes a side fastening nut, a side fastening screw, a side fastening bolt, an upper clamping plate, an outer height adjustment side plate, an inner height adjustment side plate, a lower clamping plate and a compression spring. The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are arranged opposite to each other, and the outer height adjustment side plate and the inner height adjustment side plate are both vertically arranged between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. The compression spring is sleeved on the outer height adjustment side plate and the inner height adjustment side plate, and the side fastening screw is provided on the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. The side fastening nut is sleeved on the side fastening screw, and the side fastening bolt is arranged on one side of the side fastening screw.

10. A visual grouting diffusion test method for multiple crack characteristics, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10, 3D printing of fracture top and fracture bottom plates with quantitative roughness; S20, installing the crack top plate and the crack bottom plate with quantitative roughness on the test bench, and then installing the test device; S30. After installation, the grouting system is turned on to conduct a grouting diffusion test, and the monitoring system performs real-time data monitoring; S40, after the test, time-calibrate the video pressure data and extract the video frames; S50, after extracting the video frame, preprocessing the image, including calibrating the image size, setting the scale, contrast enhancement, background smoothing, background correction, HIS color separation selection method grayscale processing, segmentation threshold selection and edge morphology correction; S60, after the image processing is completed, the time-correlated area is calculated, and the pressure data is matched to effectively match the pressure change during the experiment with the actual situation of fluid diffusion.

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