Intelligent drying device for traditional Chinese medicinal materials

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material processing, in particular to an intelligent traditional Chinese medicinal material drying device which comprises a barrel, a drying cavity is formed in the barrel, the barrel is further provided with a feeding port and a discharging port, and the discharging port and the feeding port both communicate with the drying cavity; the lifting cylinder is located between the drying cavity and the feeding opening, the first end of the lifting cylinder communicates with the feeding opening, and a material throwing opening is formed in the second end of the lifting cylinder and located in the top of the drying cavity; according to the device, a hot air drying method of throwing and rolling is adopted, the medicinal materials are thrown after being lifted by the lifting screw rod, hot air is continuously jetted and conveyed from the micropores at high pressure, air flow is evenly boiled, and the drying efficiency is improved. And the uniform drying effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing, and particularly relates to an intelligent drying device for traditional Chinese medicine. Background Art

[0002] In the processing of traditional Chinese medicine, drying is crucial for the storage and medicinal use of traditional Chinese medicine. "Mencius on Materia Medica" mentions that "all medicines should be stored carefully. If they are not dried thoroughly, whether by shade drying, sun drying or oven drying, they will inevitably be damaged by moth-eating, mildew and rot." It can be seen that the quality of drying directly affects the medicinal properties and quality of traditional Chinese medicine. The common drying techniques for traditional Chinese medicine are to heat and dry it in an atmospheric or reduced-pressure environment by means of heat convection, heat conduction, heat radiation or in a high-frequency electric field, so as to promote the evaporation of moisture, achieve the target moisture content, and maintain good product quality.

[0003] In traditional Chinese medicine, seeds are often used as medicinal materials. Seeds can contain rich active ingredients, such as volatile oils, flavonoids, fats and proteins, etc. For traditional Chinese medicine of fruit and seed types, their medicinal parts are the fruits or seeds of plants. Seeds generally consist of three parts: seed coat, embryo and endosperm. Some plants' mature seeds only have two parts, the seed coat and the embryo, and are wrapped by the fruit shell, so there is no need for excessive cleaning. And due to their small size and mostly spherical or ellipsoidal shape, they are suitable for dynamic drying methods during the drying process to improve the drying effect.

[0004] The dynamic drying method is the hot air drying method, which uses a heat source to heat the air in the drying chamber, and relies on the temperature gradient and moisture gradient between the hot air and the material to evaporate the internal moisture of the material, and the flowing hot air takes away the water vapor evaporated from the surface of the material. The hot air drying method is widely used in the drying process of traditional Chinese medicine because of its simple equipment structure and convenient operation. It is a hot spot and difficulty in the research of traditional Chinese medicine drying. However, the inventor found that when the existing drying devices for traditional Chinese medicine are used to dry traditional Chinese medicine of fruit and seed types, the following defects exist: 1. The traditional drying methods adopted by the drying devices will greatly reduce the drying effect of traditional Chinese medicine of fruit and seed types, and it is impossible to ensure that the drying degree of each part of traditional Chinese medicine of fruit and seed types is uniform, resulting in the medicinal components of traditional Chinese medicine of fruit and seed types not being fully utilized; 2. The degree of automation of the drying device is low. The addition and collection of traditional Chinese medicine rely on manual labor, and it is also impossible to cooperate with other processing procedures of traditional Chinese medicine; 3. There is a lack of a temperature control mechanism inside the drying device, and it is impossible to achieve real-time control of the drying effect of traditional Chinese medicine inside the device, resulting in the drying degree being uncontrollable.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design an intelligent drying device with good drying effect, high degree of automation and temperature controllability for traditional Chinese medicine of fruit and seed types, so as to improve the drying efficiency and drying quality of traditional Chinese medicine of fruit and seed types. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides an intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials, which not only has good drying effect on Chinese medicinal materials of fruits and seeds, but also has high automation degree and can control the temperature.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials, and the intelligent drying device includes:

[0008] A cylinder body, inside which a drying chamber is provided, and at the bottom of the cylinder body there are also a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the feed inlet is connected with a feed hopper; both the discharge outlet and the feed inlet are communicated with the drying chamber, and an air inlet is also opened on the cylinder body;

[0009] A lifting cylinder, the first end of which is communicated with the feed inlet, and a throwing port is provided at the second end of the lifting cylinder, and the throwing port is located at the top of the drying chamber;

[0010] A lifting screw, which is located inside the lifting cylinder, the lifting screw includes a rod body, and spiral blades extending spirally from the first end to the second end are provided on the rod body, and a plurality of rising channels winding around the rod body are formed between the spiral blades for transporting the Chinese medicinal materials in the lifting cylinder from the feed inlet to the throwing port and throwing them into the drying chamber; the lifting screw is driven to rotate by a motor and a speed reducer;

[0011] An external hot air device, which sends the manufactured hot air into the cylinder body through the air inlet by a hot air pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, a stirring palm is rotatably arranged in the drying chamber, the stirring palm is sleeved outside the lifting cylinder, and the rotation axis of the stirring palm coincides with the central axis of the cylinder body.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting cylinder is vertically arranged in the drying chamber, and the bottom of the lifting cylinder passes through the cylinder body and is connected with the feed inlet.

[0014] Preferably, the minimum rotation speed of the lifting screw satisfies the following condition: m·g = m·v 2 / r(1),

[0015]

[0016] wherein, m is the mass of the Chinese medicinal materials, r is the radius of the cylinder body of the intelligent drying device, v is the rotation speed of the Chinese medicinal materials, V min is the minimum rotation speed of the lifting screw, and D is the diameter of the lifting screw.

[0017] Preferably, the stirring palm is a bent rod member arranged around the lifting cylinder, a connecting piece is provided on the upper part of the stirring palm, the connecting piece is connected with a rotating flange, and at least 4 stirring palms are arranged at intervals; any one of the stirring palms is provided with a row of grilles along the vertical rod.

[0018] Preferably, the cylinder body includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. There is a hot air cavity with a certain thickness between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder. An air inlet is provided on the outer cylinder, and the air inlet communicates with the hot air cavity. A plurality of micropores are provided on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder, and the plurality of micropores communicate the hot air cavity with the drying cavity.

[0019] Preferably, the plurality of micropores are uniformly arranged in a spiral on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, a heat insulation and preservation layer is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder body.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes:

[0022] A temperature sensor, located inside the cylinder body, for detecting the temperature inside the cylinder body to obtain a temperature measurement value;

[0023] A controller, connected to the temperature sensor, for comparing the temperature measurement value with a preset temperature set value to obtain a deviation value; performing a PID operation according to the deviation value, and then controlling a hot air blower to adjust the temperature according to the result of the PID operation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The lifting screw is used to lift the fruit seed-based Chinese medicinal materials to the top of the drying cavity and then sprinkle them towards the hot air. The hot air is continuously sprayed and transported under high pressure from the micropores, making the air flow boil evenly, avoiding direct contact between the high-pressure hot air and the medicinal materials, which may cause damage or invalidation of the medicinal materials. The micropores provide multi-directional small airflows, realizing efficient and reliable drying; the stirring palms are used in combination to assist in tumbling, enabling the air flow to fully contact the medicinal materials, and at the same time accompanied by stirring, which is beneficial to realizing that the hot air drives the water molecules to overflow from above, achieving the effect of uniform drying of all medicinal materials; the device structure of the present invention is reasonably designed, the Chinese medicinal materials are scattered in an umbrella shape after being lifted, with high hot air utilization rate, and at the same time, the automation level is high, equipped with a temperature control module, and the drying effect (drying degree) of the Chinese medicinal materials inside the device is controlled in real time.

[0025] In the drying design of the intelligent drying device of the present invention, in order to ensure the drying effect, the principle of centrifugal force is utilized, and the size of the centrifugal force is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the lifting screw. The Chinese medicinal materials will tumble during the process of being scattered in an umbrella shape, realizing reliable drying; as the size of the centrifugal force changes, the tumbling speed of the Chinese medicinal materials will change, and the drying effect will also change. Thus, the control of the drying effect is realized by the rotation speed of the lifting screw, achieving an intelligent transformation from uncontrollable to controllable drying effect in this industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the intelligent drying device for traditional Chinese medicinal materials in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the intelligent drying device for traditional Chinese medicinal materials in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the cylinder body in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting cylinder in this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting screw and the stirring palm in this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the stirring palm in this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting screw in this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 is a block diagram of the single-loop control system in this embodiment;

[0035] List of reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Intelligent drying device; 11. Motor; 111. Reducer; 12. Outer cylinder; 121. Heat insulation layer; 122. Air inlet; 13. Inner cylinder; 131. Micro holes; 132. Discharge port; 14. Temperature control module; 15. Hot air blower; 16. Blower; 17. Hot air pipeline; 18. Through hole; 19. Rotating flange; 20. Double-layer fixed ring; 21. Lifting cylinder; 211. Feed inlet; 2111. Feed hopper; 212. Throwing port; 22. Lifting screw; 221. Rod body; 222. Spiral blade; 23. Stirring palm; 231. Turntable; 232. Connecting piece; 233. Grille. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention; it should be clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by the embodiments of the present application.

[0038] The terms used in the embodiments of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0039] When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] In addition, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after. The following further elaborates on the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] The following further elaborates on the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] As Figure 1-8 shown, this embodiment discloses an intelligent drying device for traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The intelligent drying device 1 includes a cylinder body, a lifting cylinder 21, a lifting screw 22, and an external hot air device.

[0043] A drying chamber is provided inside the cylinder. The cylinder is generally cylindrical at the top and in an inverted cone that shrinks inward at the bottom. The cylinder can also be round, square, conical or irregular. The cylinder can also be covered or uncovered. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions. The drying chamber is a place for heating and drying fruit and seed Chinese medicinal materials. The interior is filled with dry hot air for drying medicinal materials. The drying chamber should generally be considered as a closed chamber wrapped by the cylinder, but it can also be semi-closed or open. The cylinder also has a feed port 211 and a discharge port 132, both of which are connected to the drying chamber; the feed port 211 and the discharge port 132 are opened on the cylinder, preferably at the bottom of the cylinder, connecting the drying chamber with the outside of the cylinder, as a channel for medicinal materials to enter and exit the drying chamber; the size, shape, and position of the feed port 211 and the discharge port 132 are not imposed any restrictions in this embodiment.

[0044] The lifting cylinder 21 is located between the drying chamber and the feed port 211, and is generally arranged inside the cylinder, or can be arranged in the cylinder wall, or on the surface or outside of the cylinder, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first end of the lifting cylinder 21 is connected to the feed port 211, and the first end is preferably the lower end. The second end of the lifting cylinder 21 is provided with a throwing port 212, and the second end is preferably the upper end. The throwing port 212 is located at the top of the drying chamber. The shape of the throwing port 212 is generally rectangular, and the number of the throwing ports 212 is generally multiple. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on the shape and number of the throwing ports 212. Fruit and seed Chinese medicinal materials enter the lifting cylinder 21 from the feed port 211, and then enter the top of the drying chamber from the throwing port 212 through the lifting cylinder 21. A through hole 18 is provided at the center of the top of the lifting cylinder 21. The through hole 18 is used to fix the lifting screw 22 in the lifting cylinder 21 and to connect it in series with the bearing structures such as the motor 11 and the reducer 111 above. The lifting cylinder 21 is also provided with a rotating flange 19, which is used to receive the stirring palm 23 so that the motor 11 and the reducer 111 can drive it to rotate. In this embodiment, the rotating flange 19 can be connected to a common gear reducer to reduce the speed and increase the torque to avoid the stirring palm 23 stirring too fast due to the excessive speed of the motor 11 and the reducer 111.

[0045] A lifting screw 22 is provided in the lifting cylinder 21. Figure 7As shown in the figure, the lifting screw 22 includes a rod body 221 and a rotating blade 222. The rotating blade 222 is arranged on the side wall of the rod body 221 and spirally extends from the first end (bottom end) to the second end (top end) of the rod body 221. A plurality of rising channels that coil around the rod body 221 are formed between the rotating blades 222, which are used to transport the Chinese medicinal materials in the lifting cylinder 21 from the feeding port 211 to the throwing port 212 and throw them into the drying chamber. The lifting cylinder 21 is cylindrical and adapted to the lifting screw 22, covering the lifting screw 22, and a closed rising channel is formed between the inner wall and the rotating blade 222. An electric motor 11 can be arranged outside the cylinder body (such as at the top). The electric motor 11 is connected to the lifting screw 22 through a speed reducer 111. The electric motor 11 drives the rotating blade 222 to rotate by driving the rod body of the lifting screw 22. The rotating blade 222 will transport the fruit and seed Chinese medicinal materials in the lifting cylinder 21 in a spiral rising manner from the feeding port 211 to the throwing port 212, and apply a rotating centrifugal force to the medicinal materials to throw them into the drying chamber. Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 , the throwing port 212 of the lifting cylinder 21 corresponds to the upper end of the lifting screw 22. When the medicinal materials are lifted to this position, the rising channel formed between the inner wall of the lifting cylinder 21 and the rotating blade 222 is no longer closed, so that the medicinal materials are scattered in an umbrella shape from the throwing port 212 under the action of the centrifugal force.

[0046] An air inlet 122 is opened on the cylinder body. The position of the air inlet 122 is preferably at the lower part of the cylinder wall. The external hot air equipment sends the manufactured hot air into the cylinder body through the air inlet 122 through the hot air pipeline 17.

[0047] In this embodiment, a lifting cylinder 21 is arranged between the drying chamber and the feeding port 211, and a lifting screw 22 is arranged in the lifting cylinder 21. The lifting screw 22 drives the medicinal materials to move by rotation to complete automatic feeding, greatly improving the automation degree of the equipment and enabling pipeline work. The throwing port 212 of the lifting cylinder 21 is arranged at the top of the drying chamber, and the medicinal materials are thrown into the drying chamber in a scattered manner. During the throwing process, the medicinal materials are dispersed, and the hot air can smoothly penetrate through the gaps between the flying medicinal materials. Each piece of medicinal material completely contacts the hot air in the air, avoiding the drying blind areas that cannot be touched by the hot air formed by the contact between the medicinal materials and between the medicinal materials and the conveyor belt, so that the Chinese medicinal materials are fully heated and dried under dynamic conditions, achieving the effects of uniform, unified and high consistency in drying.

[0048] Further, in order to improve the heating efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine materials and reduce energy consumption, the lifting cylinder 21 is vertically arranged in the drying cavity. The bottom of the lifting cylinder 21 passes through the cylinder wall of the cylinder body and is connected to the feed port 211. The parts other than the bottom of the lifting cylinder 21 are located in the drying cavity and coincide with the central axis of the drying cavity. The hot air in the drying cavity contacts the outer surface of the lifting cylinder 21 and heats it. When the motor 11 drives the lifting screw 22 to drive the traditional Chinese medicine materials to move in the lifting cylinder 21, the heated lifting cylinder 21 will preheat the moving traditional Chinese medicine materials, making full use of the heat transfer of the lifting cylinder 21, improving the heat receiving efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine materials, and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption.

[0049] Further, in order to reduce heat loss and improve the drying efficiency, a heat insulation and thermal insulation layer 121 is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder body. The thermal insulation layer can be a thermal insulation material such as foam attached to the cylinder body, or a heat insulation shell provided on the outer wall of the cylinder body, or both.

[0050] The drying device of this embodiment makes full use of the centrifugal force principle. During the process of the medicinal materials being thrown out based on the centrifugal force, the medicinal materials will generate turning. If the turning speed is too fast, the drying effect will decline. Therefore, it is necessary to control the magnitude of the centrifugal force. The device of the present invention further controls the magnitude of the centrifugal force by controlling the rotation speed (i.e., the rotational speed) of the lifting screw 22. The minimum rotation speed of the lifting screw 22 satisfies the following conditions:

[0051] m·g = m·v 2 / r(1), where m is the mass of the traditional Chinese medicine materials, r is the radius of the cylinder body of the intelligent drying device 1, v is the rotation speed of the traditional Chinese medicine materials, V min is the minimum rotation speed of the lifting screw 22, and D is the diameter of the lifting screw 22. If the rotation speed is too fast, the turning effect of the medicinal materials will be too strong, which may cause the drying effect to decline. If the rotation speed is too slow, the medicinal materials cannot be lifted due to the gravity of the medicinal materials. Therefore, we design the minimum rotation speed of the lifting screw 22 so that the gravity of the traditional Chinese medicine materials is equal to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the lifting screw 22. At this time, the lowest threshold for lifting the traditional Chinese medicine materials is reached, so that the traditional Chinese medicine materials are lifted to the upper part of the drying cavity. At the same time, under the action of the centrifugal force, the traditional Chinese medicine materials are scattered in an umbrella shape from the throwing port 212; when the lowest threshold for lifting the traditional Chinese medicine materials is reached, slow lifting can be achieved and the turning of the traditional Chinese medicine materials caused by the centrifugal force is slower. At this time, the drying effect of the traditional Chinese medicine materials is the best.

[0052] The sprinkling trajectory of Chinese medicinal materials in the drying chamber also affects the drying effect. If the rotation speed is too slow, the sprinkling force is poor and the drying effect is poor. If the rotation speed is too fast, the sprinkling force is too strong, which also makes the distribution of Chinese medicinal materials in the cylinder uneven and affects the drying effect. When the rotation speed of the main shaft reaches a certain value, due to the action of centrifugal force, the Chinese medicinal materials can be properly sprinkled. When the gravity of the Chinese medicinal materials is equal to the rotational centrifugal force, the drying effect of the Chinese medicinal materials is also the best. In the intelligent drying device of the present invention, in terms of drying design, in order to ensure the drying effect, the principle of centrifugal force is utilized, and the magnitude of the centrifugal force is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the lifting screw. During the process of the Chinese medicinal materials flying and scattering in an umbrella shape, they will roll over to achieve reliable drying. As the magnitude of the centrifugal force changes, the rolling speed of the Chinese medicinal materials will change, and the drying effect will also change. Thus, the control of the drying effect is achieved by changing the rotation speed of the lifting screw, realizing the intelligent transformation of the drying effect in this industry from uncontrollable to controllable.

[0053] In a possible embodiment, a stirring palm 23 is rotatably arranged in the drying chamber. The stirring palm 23 is sleeved outside the lifting cylinder 21, and the rotation axis of the stirring palm 23 coincides with the central axis of the cylinder. The top of the stirring palm 23 is connected with a turntable 231. The turntable 231 is arranged at the top of the drying chamber, and air outlet holes are also formed in the turntable 231. The air outlet holes correspond to the air outlet holes of the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 12. The motor 11 is connected with the turntable 231 through a transmission mechanism such as a speed reducer 111 or an irregular gear to realize the intermittent movement of the stirring palm 23. After the Chinese medicinal materials are sprinkled into the drying chamber and blown by hot air, when they fall to the bottom of the drying chamber, they may accumulate or be unevenly distributed, affecting the drying effect. The stirring palm 23 stirs the Chinese medicinal materials at the bottom of the drying chamber through intermittent movement or other regular or irregular movements. A connecting piece 232 is arranged on the upper part of the stirring palm 23. The connecting piece 232 is connected with the rotating flange 19. The number of the stirring palms 23 is preferably 4, and the 4 stirring palms 23 are evenly spaced on the turntable 231. Except for the part connected with the turntable 231, the whole of the stirring palm 23 is a bent rod member arranged around the lifting cylinder 21 and is vertically arranged. The stirring palm 23 extends vertically downward along the inner wall of the cylinder. There is a certain distance between the stirring palm 23 and the inner wall of the cylinder. That is, when the lower part of the cylinder is an inwardly contracting inverted cone, the lower part of the stirring palm 23 also bends inward (as Figure 6 shown), keeping a certain distance from the lower part of the cylinder. A row of grilles 233 is arranged along the vertical rod of each stirring palm 23. The grilles 233 can disrupt the air flow introduced into the drying chamber, prevent the blown air flow from forming a cyclone in the drying chamber, prevent the medicinal materials from flying and scattering in an umbrella shape but instead swimming along a fixed route with the cyclone, and reduce the drying effect.

[0054] As Figure 3As shown, in a possible embodiment, the cylinder body includes an outer cylinder 12 and an inner cylinder 13. There is a hot air cavity with a certain thickness between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 12 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 13. An air inlet 122 is provided on the outer cylinder 12, and the air inlet 122 communicates with the hot air cavity. Air outlet holes are provided on both the outer cylinder 12 and the inner cylinder 13. After installation, the air outlet holes of the two correspond to each other for discharging hot air. A plurality of micropores 131 are provided on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 13, and the plurality of micropores 131 communicate the hot air cavity with the drying cavity. The outer cylinder 12 is sleeved outside the inner cylinder 13. The outer cylinder 12 is in a cylindrical shape without plugs at both ends. The top of the inner cylinder 13 is a cover, and the bottom is an inwardly contracting inverted conical bottom. The internal space of the inner cylinder 13 is the drying cavity. The main body of the lifting cylinder 21 is arranged inside the inner cylinder 13, and the bottom passes through the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 13 and is connected to the feed port 211. The discharge port 132 is also arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder 13 and communicates the outside with the drying cavity. The hot air cavity is between the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 12. Plates are provided at the upper and lower ends of the hot air cavity, and the plates connect the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 12 to seal the upper and lower ends of the hot air cavity, so that the hot air cavity becomes a closed cavity. The air inlet 122 on the outer cylinder 12 communicates with the hot air cavity inside and is connected to devices such as the hot air blower 15 and the blower 16 through a hot air pipeline 17 outside. The hot air generated by the hot air blower 15 enters the hot air cavity through the hot air pipeline 17 and the air inlet 122. The plurality of micropores 131 are arranged in a spiral manner from one end to the other end on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 13, arranged evenly according to a spiral. The number of micropores 131 arranged according to a spiral is more than the number of micropores 131 arranged in a square matrix, and the proportion of the micropores 131 in the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 13 is higher, which can make the hot air pass through the inner cylinder 13 more evenly and blow towards the Chinese medicinal materials in the drying cavity. It can be understood that the micropores 131 can be arranged according to spirals at different angles, or spirals at the same angle can be staggered, or can be arranged evenly according to a spiral in a certain part. Vertical arrangement is also a spiral arrangement at a certain special angle.

[0055] The motor 11 drives the lifting screw 22 to rotate to lift the Chinese medicinal materials to the upper part of the drying cavity. At the same time, under the action of centrifugal force, the Chinese medicinal materials are scattered in an umbrella shape. The hot air blower 15 and the blower 16 are fitted together so that the hot air is sent into the hot air pipeline 17 through the outlet flange of the blower 16. The hot air passes through the hot air pipeline 17 and is continuously sprayed and conveyed from the micropores 131 on the surface of the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 13 through the hot air cavity, making the air flow boil evenly and achieving the effect of unified drying. The hot air smoothly penetrates through the gaps of the moving raw materials, so that the Chinese medicinal materials are fully heated under dynamic conditions. After drying, the Chinese medicinal materials are sent out from the discharge port 132 at the bottom of the inner cylinder 13.

[0056] In a possible embodiment, a temperature control module 14 is further provided, which includes a temperature sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor is arranged inside the cylinder and is used to detect the temperature inside the cylinder and output a temperature measurement value to the controller. The controller is connected to the temperature sensor and is used to compare the temperature measurement value output by the temperature sensor with a preset temperature set value to obtain a deviation value; perform a PID operation according to the deviation value, and control the operation of the hot air blower 15 according to the result of the PID operation to adjust the temperature inside the cylinder.

[0057] Specifically, the controller uses a Siemens S7-200 small PLC. It detects the temperature inside the drying cylinder through a temperature sensor and compares it with the set temperature. Parameter setting is carried out by considering the heat absorbed by the Chinese medicinal materials and the heat transfer efficiency. The PID operation is performed inside the PLC, and the PID output controls the solid-state relay. Then the solid-state relay controls the hot air blower 15 to keep the temperature stable near the set temperature.

[0058] The temperature control inside the cylinder is adjusted by single-loop control. Single-loop control is an effective control method. The block diagram of the single-loop control system is as Figure 8 shown. The control principle is as follows: A temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the cylinder. The temperature signal is converted into a 0-10V voltage signal by a transmitter and then into a digital signal to obtain the temperature measurement value y(t). The temperature measurement value is compared with the set temperature set value r(t) to obtain a deviation e(t). The PID operation is performed through a PID controller to obtain the PID output, which controls the actuator (solid-state relay). The actuator controls the controlled object (hot air blower 15) to control the temperature, so as to achieve the purpose of temperature control.

[0059] The intelligent drying device 1 of the present invention is also provided with a double-layer fixing ring 20. The double-layer fixing ring 20 is arranged on the outer cylinder 12 and welded to the frame of the intelligent drying device 1 as a whole for anti-vibration, ensuring that structures such as the motor 11, the air supply system, and the lifting screw 22 do not cause structural damage or other safety problems due to vibration during operation, and enhancing reliability.

[0060] The device of the present invention uses a lifting screw to lift Chinese medicinal materials of fruits and seeds to the top of the drying chamber and then sprinkle them towards the hot air. The hot air is continuously sprayed and transported from the micropores under high pressure, making the air flow boil evenly, avoiding direct contact between the high-pressure hot air and the medicinal materials, which may cause damage or failure of the medicinal materials. The micropores provide multi-directional small airflows to achieve efficient and reliable drying; the stirring palms are used in combination to assist in tumbling, making the air flow fully contact with the medicinal materials, and at the same time accompanied by stirring, which is conducive to realizing that the hot air drives the water molecules to overflow from above, achieving the effect of uniform drying of all medicinal materials; the structure of the device of the present invention is reasonably designed. After the Chinese medicinal materials are lifted, they are scattered in an umbrella shape, with high utilization rate of hot air. At the same time, the automation level is high, and it is equipped with a temperature control module to realize real-time control of the drying effect (drying degree) of the Chinese medicinal materials inside the device.

[0061] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials, characterized in that: The intelligent drying device (1) comprises: A cylinder, wherein a drying chamber is arranged inside the cylinder, and the bottom of the cylinder is also provided with a feed port (211) and a discharge port (132), wherein the feed port (211) is connected to a feed hopper (2111); the discharge port (132) and the feed port (211) are both connected to the drying chamber, and an air inlet (122) is also arranged on the cylinder; A lifting cylinder (21), wherein the first end of the lifting cylinder (21) is connected to the feed port (211), and the second end of the lifting cylinder (21) is provided with a throwing port (212), and the throwing port (212) is located at the top of the drying chamber; A lifting screw (22) is located in the lifting cylinder (21), and the lifting screw (22) comprises a rod body (221), and the rod body is provided with a rotating blade (222) spirally extending from a first end to a second end, and a plurality of ascending channels are formed between the rotating blades (222) and winding around the rod body (221), and are used to transport the Chinese medicinal materials in the lifting cylinder (21) from the feed port (211) to the throwing port (212), and throw them into the drying chamber; the lifting screw (22) is driven to rotate by the motor (11) and the reducer (111); The external hot air device delivers the produced hot air into the cylinder through the hot air duct (17) via the air inlet (122).

2. The intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring palm (23) is rotatably arranged in the drying chamber. The stirring palm (23) is sleeved on the outside of the lifting cylinder (21), and the rotation axis of the stirring palm (23) coincides with the central axis of the cylinder.

3. The intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting cylinder (21) is vertically arranged in the drying chamber, and the bottom of the lifting cylinder (21) passes through the cylinder body and is connected to the feed port (211).

4. The intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The minimum rotation speed of the lifting screw (22) satisfies the following condition: m·g=m·v 2 / r(1), Where m is the mass of the Chinese medicinal material, r is the radius of the cylinder of the intelligent drying device (1), v is the rotation speed of the Chinese medicinal material, V min is the minimum rotation speed of the lifting screw (22), and D is the diameter of the lifting screw (22).

5. The intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring palm (23) is a bent rod member arranged around the lifting cylinder (21). A connecting piece (232) is provided on the upper part of the stirring palm (23). The connecting piece (232) is connected to the rotating flange (19). At least four stirring palms (23) are arranged at intervals. Any stirring palm (23) is provided with a row of grilles (233) along the vertical rod.

6. The intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The cylinder body comprises an outer cylinder (12) and an inner cylinder (13); a hot air chamber with a certain thickness is formed between the inner wall of the outer cylinder (12) and the outer wall of the inner cylinder (13); an air inlet (122) is provided on the outer cylinder (12); the air inlet (122) is connected to the hot air chamber; a plurality of micropores (131) are provided on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder; the plurality of micropores (131) connect the hot air chamber with the drying chamber.

7. The intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of micropores (131) are evenly arranged in a spiral pattern on the wall of the inner cylinder (13).

8. The intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulating layer (121) is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder.

9. The intelligent drying device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A temperature sensor is located in the cylinder and is used to detect the temperature in the cylinder to obtain a temperature measurement value; A controller is connected to the temperature sensor and is used to compare the temperature measurement value with a preset temperature setting value to obtain a deviation value; perform PID operation according to the deviation value, and then control the operation of the hot air blower according to the result of the PID operation to adjust the temperature in the cylinder.

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