Measurement wire aided teaching example generation method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to a surveying traverse auxiliary teaching example generation method and system, which can realize horizontal angle observation, vertical angle observation, distance observation, automatic generation of traverse measurement examples, observation records and handbooks and automatic inspection of calculation results, and randomly generate different traverse examples based on traverse point coordinate results. The invention also discloses a traverse calculation method of the traverse measurement example. The system randomly generates different traverse calculation examples, reversely calculates traverse derivation theoretical numerical values according to traverse results, simulates observation errors existing in actual observation, reversely calculates traverse measurement example observation values and automatically generates a traverse observation handbook and a calculation handbook, and students perform traverse observation forward calculation through the observation handbook. And after the calculation result is submitted, the system automatically checks and scores. According to the invention, the problem of single traverse measurement example in the measurement textbook is effectively solved, and students can independently master the traverse measurement interior work calculation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the teaching field of surveying and mapping and related majors in universities, and specifically relates to a method and system for generating calculation examples for auxiliary teaching of traverse surveying in surveying. Background Art

[0002] Surveying is a basic supporting discipline for many disciplines such as geography, engineering, architecture, urban planning, resource exploration, and environmental science. Surveying practice teaching can cultivate students' practical operation skills and enable them to understand and master knowledge more deeply, such as the ability to use surveying instruments, as well as data processing and analysis capabilities. Especially in terms of data processing and analysis capabilities, it is a key step in surveying, which directly affects the accuracy and reliability of surveying results. However, surveying textbooks generally only provide a single calculation example, and students can only practice according to the textbook examples, which is not conducive to cultivating students' abilities in calculating and processing various observed data in surveying.

[0003] Taking traverse surveying as an example, its calculation process is complex and cumbersome. Surveying textbooks generally only provide one traverse calculation example for students to practice, which is not conducive to students independently mastering the in-house calculation methods of different traverse examples. In addition, as one of the contents of the surveying and mapping skills competition for higher vocational colleges and junior colleges, a large number of traverse examples are required for the contestants to calculate and practice, so as to improve the calculation speed and correctness of the contestants and improve the skills competition level of the traverse event in the surveying and mapping discipline.

[0004] The present invention proposes a method and system for generating calculation examples for auxiliary teaching of traverse surveying in surveying, which can realize the automatic generation and automatic inspection of, including but not limited to, horizontal angle observation, vertical angle observation, distance observation, traverse surveying calculation examples, observation records, and field books. The present invention has important practical significance for improving the teaching effectiveness of surveying and mapping related majors and the abilities of students in skills competitions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are the automatic generation of horizontal angle observation, vertical angle observation, distance observation, traverse surveying calculation examples, observation records, field books, and the automatic inspection of calculation results, randomly generating different traverse calculation examples based on the traverse point coordinate results, and the reverse calculation method of traverse surveying calculation examples. The system randomly generates different traverse calculation examples, reversely calculates the theoretical values deduced from the traverse according to the traverse results, simulates the observation errors existing in actual observations, reversely calculates the observed values of traverse surveying calculation examples, automatically generates traverse observation field books and calculation field books, and students perform forward calculations of traverse observations through the observation field books. After submitting the calculation results, the system automatically checks and grades them.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives and reach the above technical effects, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A method and system for generating calculation examples for auxiliary teaching of traverse surveying in surveying, the specific content of which is as follows:

[0007] 1. Method for generating horizontal angle observation record

[0008] S1 Median β′ of known horizontal angle j , if β′ j is unknown, randomly generate it between 0° and 360°.

[0009] S2 According to the requirements of the difference limit of each set of observations in the horizontal angle direction observation method, randomly generate the differences of the same direction value of each set of observations between 0 and g β , and inversely calculate the horizontal angle observation value λ of each set of observations, see Formulas (1) and (2): jk

[0010]

[0011] In the formula, g β is the difference limit of each set of observations, and k is the number of sets of observations

[0012] S3 Generate the direction value of the backsight point of each set of observations, and set the direction value δ jkb of the backsight point to 0°0′m″, and m is randomly taken as 0 to 20

[0013] S4 Calculate the direction value δ jkf of the foresight point of each set of observations, see Formula (3):

[0014] δ jkf =γ jk -δ jkb (3)

[0015] S5 According to the requirements of the 2C difference limit of the horizontal angle direction observation method, randomly generate the 2C difference C 2C of the backsight point of each set of observations and the 2C difference C jkb of the foresight point of each set of observations between 0 and f jkf .

[0016] S6 Inversely calculate the left and right disk observations of the backsight point of each set of observations. To simulate the disk-matching angle in actual observations, assume that the total number of sets of observations is M, and the left-disk observation value ε jkbl of the backsight point of each set of observations and the right-disk observation value ε jkbr of the backsight point of each set of observations are calculated according to Formulas (4) and (5):

[0017]

[0018] If ε′ jkbr < 360°, then ε jkbr =ε′ jkbr , otherwise ε jkbr =ε′ jkbr - 360°

[0019] S7 Calculate the left-vertical circle observed value ε of the foresight point for each set of measurements according to the method of S4 - S6 jkfl and the right-vertical circle observed value ε of the foresight point for each set of measurements jkfr .

[0020] 2. Method for generating vertical angle measurement set observation records

[0021] S1 Given the median vertical angle α′ j , if ε′ j is unknown, randomly generate it between -90° and 90°

[0022] S2 According to the allowable difference requirements for each set of measurements in trigonometric leveling technology, randomly generate the difference between each set of vertical angles within 0 to f α Calculate the observed value ζ of the vertical angle for each set of measurements by reverse calculation according to the method of S2 in claim 1 , where k is the number of sets of measurements jk

[0023] S3 Randomly generate the index error η between 0°0′0″ and 0°0′59″, and randomly generate it within 0 to f η according to the allowable difference requirements of the index error in trigonometric leveling technology Calculate the index error for each set of measurements See formula (1):

[0024]

[0025] S4 Calculate the left-vertical circle observed value η of the vertical angle for each set of measurements jkl and the right-vertical circle observed value η of the vertical angle for each set of measurements jkr , see formulas (2), (3):

[0026]

[0027] 3. Method for generating distance measurement set observation records

[0028] S1 Given the median inclined distance S′ j , if S′ j is unknown, randomly generate it between 0 and S, where S is the average side length of each level traverse survey

[0029] S2 According to the allowable difference requirements for one set of distance measurement, randomly generate the distance measurement difference fs for each set of measurements within 0 to f s Calculate the observed value S of the inclined distance for each set of measurements by reverse calculation according to the method of S2 in claim 1 jk jk

[0030] 4. Method for generating batch traverse coordinate results

[0031] ​​​According to the wire coordinate results, perform affine transformation on one or more points, including operations such as rotation, translation, and scaling, and batch generate multiple wire coordinate results. The calculation method of the transformed wire plane coordinates (X′ i , Y′ i ) is shown in formula (1):

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, a and d are scaling parameters; b and c are rotation parameters, and t x and t y are translation parameters.

[0034] It is also possible to perform a simple linear transformation on the elevation values of the wire points. The calculation method is shown in formula (2):

[0035] H′ i = p×H i + q (2)

[0036] 5. Method for generating wire measurement observation records

[0037] S1 Generate a certain wire coordinate result according to the method described in claim 4.

[0038] S2 Inversely calculate the theoretical observed values of the wire based on the wire coordinate results, including wire side lengths, horizontal observed angles, vertical observed angles, azimuth angles, etc.

[0039] S2.1 Inversely calculate the theoretical value D j of the horizontal distance between each wire point, as shown in formulas (1), (2), and (3):

[0040] △X j = X i+1 - X i (1)

[0041] △Y j = Y i+1 - Y i (2)

[0042]

[0043] S2.2 Inversely calculate the theoretical value A i of the coordinate azimuth of each wire point and the theoretical value β j of the horizontal angle between two points, as shown in formulas (4) and (5):

[0044]

[0045] In the formula, since the value range of the arctan function is between , it is necessary to determine according to the relative positions of the two points (i.e., △X j, △Y j The azimuth angle is adjusted by the symbol of j . Specifically, if △Y > 0 and △X > 0, then A i = a i ; if △Y > 0 and △X < 0, then A i = 180° - a i ; if △Y < 0 and △X < 0, then A i = 180° + a i ; if △Y < 0 and △X > 0, then A i = 360° - a i .

[0046] β j = A i+1 - A i (5)

[0047] S2.3 Inverse calculate the elevation difference h between each traverse point j , as shown in formula (6):

[0048] h j = H i+1 - H i (6)

[0049] S3 Inverse calculate the mean horizontal angle β′ j , slope distance S′ j and mean vertical angle α′ i

[0050] S3.1 Calculate the allowable error f of the traverse angle closure β , randomly generate the angle closure f β ′ between 0 and f β , distribute f β ′ to each traverse point, and calculate the mean horizontal angle β′ j , as shown in formulas (7), (8):

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, N is the number of traverse points, and u is a constant, which is taken according to the requirements of the allowable error of traverse measurement for each level.

[0053] S3.2 Calculate the allowable error f of the relative closure of the total traverse length D , randomly generate the traverse closure f D ′ between 0 and f D , distribute f D ′ to each observation section according to the traverse length ratio, and calculate the horizontal distance D′ j , as shown in formulas (9), (10):

[0054]

[0055] Where ω is a constant, which is taken according to the allowable error requirements of the closing error of traverse surveys at each level.

[0056] S3.3 Calculate the allowable error f of the height difference closing error h , randomly generate the angle closing error f h ' within 0 to f h ', and distribute f h ' to each observation section according to the proportion of the traverse length, and calculate the mean height difference h' j , see Formulas (11) and (12):

[0057]

[0058] Where ψ is a constant, which is taken according to the allowable error requirements of the closing error of trigonometric leveling traverses or loops.

[0059] S3.4 Calculate the mean slope distance S' j , see Formula (13):

[0060]

[0061] S3.5 Use the trigonometric leveling calculation formula to calculate the mean vertical angle α' i , see Formula (14):

[0062]

[0063] Where I is the height of the instrument at the station and V is the height of the target. When calculating, I and V need to be randomly set within a reasonable range.

[0064] S4 According to the method described in Claims 1-3, generate the horizontal angle observation record of the survey round, the vertical angle observation record of the survey round, and the distance observation record of the survey round respectively.

[0065] 6. A surveying traverse auxiliary teaching example generation system, characterized in that:

[0066] S1 The system mainly includes a graphic design module, an example generation module, a field book output module, an automatic inspection module, etc., including but not limited to realizing functions such as graphic design of horizontal angle measurement, vertical angle measurement, distance measurement, traverse survey, and leveling survey results, generation of observation records, output of observation field books, and automatic inspection of observation field books and adjustment results.

[0067] S2 Graphic Design Module. According to the background topographic map, electronic map or image map, including but not limited to vector data (.shp,.dwg,.las), text data (.txt,.xlxs format) and image data (.tif,.jpg), etc., design the graphic structures of horizontal angle measurement, vertical angle measurement, distance measurement, traverse measurement, leveling measurement, etc. according to the technical indicators of the corresponding observation level, and output the corresponding theoretical observation values, including horizontal angle, vertical angle, distance, traverse point coordinate results, leveling point elevation results, etc.

[0068] S3 Example Generation Module.

[0069] S3.1 Using the methods described in Claim 1, Claim 2, and Claim 3, the observation records of horizontal angle observation, vertical angle observation, and distance observation can be generated respectively; using the methods described in Claim 4 and Claim 5, the observation records of different traverses can be generated.

[0070] S3.2 Record the process values calculated above as the basis for automatically checking the subsequent adjustment results.

[0071] S4 Field Book Output Module.

[0072] S4.1 According to the different examples generated by S3, output the field book for observation according to certain recording methods and format requirements for users to calculate.

[0073] S4.2 According to the process values of S3.2, output a field book with a complete calculation process according to the method of S4.1, that is, the answer of the field book for observation.

[0074] S5 Automatic Check Module.

[0075] S5.1 Compare the field book submitted by the user after calculation with the answer of the field book for observation output by S4.2 to achieve automatic checking and recording.

[0076] S5.2 Automatically score the field book submitted by the user according to the set score.

[0077] S5.3 Output and register the results of automatic checking. Description of the Drawings

[0078] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0079] Figure 1 Flow chart for generating the observation record of horizontal angle traverses

[0080] Figure 2 Flow chart for generating the observation record of vertical angle traverses

[0081] Figure 3 Flow chart for implementing the method of generating an example for auxiliary teaching of traverse in surveying Detailed implementation method

[0082] Example 1

[0083] Figure 1 This is Example 1 of the present invention, which is a flow chart for generating the observation record of horizontal angle traverses. The detailed calculation steps are as follows:

[0084] S1: Known or randomly generate the median β′ of the horizontal angle j

[0085] Through the known median β′ of the horizontal angle j Reverse calculate the observation record of the horizontal angle traverse. If β′ j is unknown, randomly generate it between 0° and 360°. Let β′ 1 = 249°24′12″.

[0086] S2: Reverse calculate the observed values γ of the horizontal angle for each traverse jk

[0087] According to the requirements of the allowable difference for each traverse in the horizontal angle direction observation method, randomly generate the difference between the values of the same direction for each traverse within 0 to g β See Formulas (1) and (2): See Formulas (1) and (2):

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, g β is the allowable difference for each traverse, and k is the number of traverses

[0090] In this example, the number of traverses is 2. In the "Engineering Survey Standard" (GB 50026 - 2020), for a first-class traverse with a J2 instrument, g β = ±12″. Randomly generate Calculate to obtain γ 11 = 249°24′16″, γ 12 = 249°24′12″, as shown in Table 1

[0091] Table 1: Table of reverse-calculated horizontal angle observed values

[0092]

[0093] S3: Generate the direction value δ of the backsight point for each traversejkb

[0094] Set the back sight point direction value δ jkb = 0°0′m″, the system randomly assigns a value to m, and m ranges from 0 to 20. δ 11b = 0°0′14″, δ 12b = 0°0′11″.

[0095] S4 Calculate the foresight point direction value δ for each set of observations jkf , see formula (3):

[0096] δ jkf = γ jk - δ jkb (3)

[0097] δ 11f = 249°24′30′, δ 12f = 249°24′23′, the calculation results of the direction values are shown in Table 2.

[0098] Table 2 Inverse calculation direction value table

[0099]

[0100] S5 Randomly generate the 2C differences C of the foresight and back sight points for each set of observations jkf 、C jkb

[0101] According to the technical requirements of the 2C difference limit for the horizontal angle direction observation method, randomly generate the 2C difference C of the back sight point and the 2C difference C of the foresight point for each set of observations within 0 to f 2C interval. For the first-class traverse J2 instrument, f jkb and the 2C difference C of the foresight point for each set of observations jkf . For the first-class traverse J2 instrument, f 2C = ±18″, randomly generate C 11b = 2″, C 12b = 0″, C 11f = 1″, C 12f = -1″, as shown in Table 3.

[0102] Table 3 Randomly generated 2C value table

[0103]

[0104] S6 Inverse calculate the left and right disk observations of the back sight point for each set of observations

[0105] Simulate the disk matching angle in the actual observation. Let the total number of sets of observations be M, the left disk observation value ε of the back sight point for each set of observations jkbl and the right disk observation value ε of the back sight point for each set of observations jkbr The calculation methods are shown in formulas (4) and (5):

[0106]

[0107] If ε′ jkbr <360°, then ε jkbr = ε′ jkbr ; otherwise, ε jkbr = ε′ jkbr - 360°.

[0108] In this embodiment, the total number of observation sets is 2, ε 11bl = 0°0′15″, ε 12bl = 90°0′11″; ε 11br = 180°0′13″, ε 12br = 270°0′11″, as shown in Table 4.

[0109] Table 4 Observation values of the back sight point for each observation set in reverse calculation (left and right readings of the theodolite)

[0110]

[0111] S7 Calculate the observation values of the foresight point for each observation set (left and right readings of the theodolite)

[0112] Calculate the left reading ε jkfl of the foresight point for each observation set and the right reading ε jkfr of the foresight point for each observation set according to the method of S4 - S6. ε 11fl = 249°24′31″, ε 11fr = 69°24′30″, ε 12fl = 339°24′23″, ε 11fl = 159°24′24″, as shown in Table 5.

[0113] Table 5 Observation values of the foresight point for each observation set in reverse calculation (left and right readings of the theodolite)

[0114]

[0115] Embodiment 2

[0116] Figure 2 This is Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which is a flowchart of the method for generating the observation record of the vertical angle measurement. The detailed calculation steps are as follows:

[0117] S1 Known or randomly generate the median vertical angle α′ j

[0118] Reverse - calculate the observation record of the vertical angle measurement through the known median vertical angle α′ i ; if α′ j is unknown, randomly generate it within the range of - 90° to 90°. Assume α′ 1 = 5°45′34″.

[0119] Reverse calculate the vertical angle observation value ζ for each set of observations using S2 ik

[0120] According to the tolerance differences for each set of observations in trigonometric leveling technology, randomly generate the difference fα of the vertical angle for each set of observations between 0 and f α and reverse calculate the vertical angle observation value ζ for each set of observations according to the S2 method in Embodiment 1 jk , where k is the number of sets of observations jk

[0121] In this embodiment, for fourth-order trigonometric leveling with a J2 instrument, f α = ±7″, and the number of sets of observations k is 3; calculate to obtain ζ 11 = 5°45′32″, ζ 12 = 5°45′36″, ζ 13 = 5°45′33″, as shown in Table 6

[0122] Table 6 Table of reverse calculated vertical angle observation values

[0123]

[0124] S3 Generate the index difference for each set of observations

[0125] Randomly generate the index difference η between 0°0′0″ and 0°0′59″, and randomly generate between 0 and f according to the tolerance differences of the index difference in trigonometric leveling technology η to calculate the index difference for each set of observations See formula (1):

[0126]

[0127] In this embodiment, for fourth-order trigonometric leveling with a J2 instrument, f η = ±7″, and after randomly generating the tolerance difference of the index difference, calculate according to formula (1) to obtain as shown in Table 7

[0128] Table 7 Table of generated index differences

[0129]

[0130] S4 Calculate the left vertical angle observation value η for each set of observations jkl and the right vertical angle observation value η for each set of observations jkr .

[0131] S5 Calculate the left vertical angle observation value η for each set of observations jkl and the right vertical angle observation value η for each set of observations jkr , see formulas (2), (3):

[0132] ​​

[0133]

[0134] The observed values of the vertical angle of the left disk for each set of observations η are calculated according to formula (2). 11l = 84°13′34″, η 12l = 84°13′34″, η 13l = 84°13′35″; The observed values of the vertical angle of the right disk for each set of observations η are calculated according to formula (3). 11r = 275°44′38″, η 12r = 275°44′46″, η 13r = 275°44′41″, as shown in Table 8:

[0135] Table 8 Table of observed values of the left and right disks for each set of observations in reverse calculation

[0136]

[0137] Example 3

[0138] Figure 3 This is Example 3 of the present invention, a flowchart of the implementation of a method for generating calculation examples for auxiliary teaching of surveying traverses. The detailed steps are as follows:

[0139] S1 Traverse graphic design

[0140] Randomly generate the coordinate results of a certain traverse. The coordinate results of the designed standard connecting traverse case are shown in Table 9.

[0141] Table 9 Table of traverse coordinate results (m)

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] S2 Reverse-calculate the theoretical observed values of the traverse based on the traverse coordinate results, including traverse side lengths, horizontal observed angles, vertical observed angles, azimuths, etc.

[0145] S2.1 Reverse-calculate the theoretical values of the horizontal distances D between each traverse point j , see formulas (1), (2), (3):

[0146] △X j = X i+1 - X i (1)

[0147] △Y j = Y i+1 - Y i (2)

[0148]

[0149] S2.2 Inversely calculate the theoretical value A of the azimuth angle of each traverse point coordinate i and the theoretical value β of the horizontal angle between two points j , see formulas (4) and (5):

[0150]

[0151] In the formula, since the value range of the arctan function is between, it is necessary to adjust the azimuth angle according to the relative positions of the two points (i.e., the signs of △X j and △Y j ). The specific situation is as follows: if △Y>0 and △X>0, then A i =a i ; if △Y>0 and △X<0, then A i =180° - a i ; if △Y<0 and △X<0, then A i =180° + a i ; if △Y<0 and △X>0, then A i =360° - a i .

[0152] β j =A i+1 -A i (5)

[0153] S2.3 Inversely calculate the height difference h between each traverse point j , see formula (6):

[0154] h j =H i+1 -H i (6)

[0155] In this embodiment, the theoretical values of the inverse calculation of the traverse results are shown in Table 10.

[0156] Table 10 Theoretical values of the inverse calculation of the traverse results

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] S3 Inversely calculate the median β′ of the horizontal angle j , the inclined distance S′ j and the median α′ of the vertical angle i

[0160] S3.1 Calculate the tolerance f of the traverse angle closure error β , within 0 to fβ Randomly generate the angular closure error f β ′, and distribute f β ′ to each traverse point to calculate the mean horizontal angle β′ j , as shown in Formulas (7) and (8):

[0161]

[0162] In this embodiment, the value of the first-class traverse u is 10, and it is calculated that Randomly generate f′ = 18″, and calculate the mean horizontal angle β′ of each point according to Formula (8). The results are shown in Table 11.

[0163] Table 11 Mean Horizontal Angle of Traverse

[0164]

[0165] S3.2 Calculate the allowable relative closure error f of the total traverse length D , randomly generate the traverse closure error f D ′ between 0 and f D ′, and distribute f D ′ to each observation section according to the traverse length ratio to calculate the mean horizontal distance D′ j , as shown in Formulas (9) and (10):

[0166]

[0167] In this embodiment, the value of the first-class traverse ω is 15000, Randomly generate f′ D = 65 mm, and calculate the mean horizontal distance D′ of each traverse section according to Formula (10). j The results are shown in Table 12.

[0168] Table 12 Mean Horizontal Distance of Traverse Section

[0169]

[0170] S3.3 Calculate the allowable height difference closure error f h , randomly generate the angular closure error f h ′ between 0 and f h ′, and distribute f h ′ to each observation section according to the traverse length ratio to calculate the mean height difference h′ j , as shown in Formulas (11) and (12):

[0171]

[0172] In this embodiment, the value of the fourth-order trigonometric leveling ψ is 20, Randomly generate f′ = 17 mm, and calculate the mean height difference h′ of each wire segment according to formula (12). The results are shown in Table 13.

[0173] Table 13 Mean Height Difference of Wire Segments

[0174]

[0175] S3.4 Calculate the mean inclined distance S′ j , as shown in formula (13):

[0176]

[0177] Calculate the mean inclined distance S′ of each wire segment j The results are shown in Table 14.

[0178] Table 14 Mean Height Difference of Wires

[0179]

[0180] S3.5 Use the trigonometric leveling calculation formula to calculate the mean vertical angle α′ i , as shown in formula (14):

[0181]

[0182] In the formula, I is the height of the instrument at the measuring station, V is the height of the target, I is set between 1.4 m and 1.6 m, and V is set between 1.30 m and 2.15 m. Calculate the mean vertical angle α′ of each j The results are shown in Table 15.

[0183] Table 15 Mean Vertical Angles of Wires

[0184]

[0185] S4 According to the methods described in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, inversely calculate the horizontal angle observation records, vertical angle observation records, and distance observation records.

[0186] S5 Observation Notebook Output

[0187] S5.1 Output the observation records calculated in S4. The output results are divided into answers and calculation notebooks. The answers contain all the numerical values of the observation records in S4. In the calculation notebook, the horizontal angle observation records and vertical angle observation records respectively output all the left and right disk observations of each set; the distance observation records output the inclined distance observations of each set of wire sides.

[0188] S5.2 Output the wire measurement calculation table. The output results are divided into answers and calculation tables. The answers contain the theoretical numerical values of the wire derivation calculations in S2 and S3 and the simulated closing differences; the calculation tables output the plane coordinates and elevations of the wire control points.

[0189] The calculator in S6 calculates and fills in the traverse survey record sheet and the traverse survey calculation sheet.

[0190] The system in S7 automatically checks the traverse survey record sheet and the traverse survey calculation sheet uploaded by the students and grades them.

Claims

1. A method for generating calculation examples for surveying wire-assisted teaching, characterized in that: The method for generating horizontal angle measurement observation records specifically includes: S1 Known horizontal angle β′ j , if β′ j If unknown, it will be randomly generated between 0 and 360°. S2 According to the horizontal angle direction observation method, the measurement error limit is poor, in 0~g β The random generation of the same direction value is poor Reverse calculation of the horizontal angle observation value γ of each measurement round jk , see formula (1) and (2): In the formula, g β is the minimum error limit of each measurement, and k is the number of measurements. S3 generates the backsight direction value of each horizontal angle measurement round and sets the backsight direction value δ jkb =0°0′m″, m is generally randomly selected from 0 to 59. S4 calculates the horizontal angle for each round of foresight direction value δ jkf , see formula (3): d jkf =c jk -d jkb (3) S5 follows the 2C poor tolerance requirement of the horizontal angle direction observation method, in the range of 0 to f 2C Randomly generate horizontal angles between each measurement, and the backsight point 2C is poor C jkb The horizontal angle of each measurement is worse than the foresight point 2C jkf . S6 reversely calculates the horizontal angle observation value of the left and right sides of the viewpoint after each measurement. To simulate the angle of the disk in actual observation, the total number of measurement rounds is M, and the left observation value of the viewpoint after each measurement round is ε jkbl And the right-panel observation value ε of each backsight point jkbr The calculation method is shown in formulas (4) and (5): If ε′ jkbr <360°, then ε jkbr = ε′ jkbr ; otherwise, ε jkbr = ε′ jkbr - 360°. S7 calculates the left observation value ε of the foresight point of each horizontal angle measurement according to the S4-S6 method jkfl The right-panel observation value of the foresight point of each measurement round ε jkfr .

2. A method for generating calculation examples for surveying wire-assisted teaching, characterized in that: The method for generating vertical angle measurement observation records specifically includes: S1 Known vertical angle α′ j , if α′ j If unknown, it will be randomly generated between -90° and 90°. S2 is based on the requirement of the measurement error limit of trigonometric height measurement technology, in the range of 0 to f α Randomly generate vertical angles between each measurement, the difference is poor According to the S2 method in claim 1, reversely calculate the vertical angle observation value ζ of each measurement round jk , where k is the number of measurements. S3 randomly generates the index difference η between 0°0′0″~0°0′59″, and generates the index difference η between 0~f according to the poor index difference requirement of trigonometric height measurement technology. η Randomly generate Calculate the difference between each backtest indicator See formula (1): S4 calculates the vertical angle observation value η of the left vertical angle of each measuring circle jkl And vertical angle each measurement round the right vertical angle observation value η jkr , see formula (2), (3):

3. A method for generating calculation examples for surveying wire-assisted teaching, characterized in that: The distance measurement rounds observation record generation method specifically includes: S1 Known slope distance mean S′ j , if S′ j If unknown, it will be randomly generated between 0 and S, where S is the average side length measured for each level of wire. S2 is based on the distance measurement and the measurement error requirement, between 0 and f s Randomly generate each measurement and the distance measurement is poor According to the S2 method in claim 1, the slope distance observation value S of each measurement round is reversely calculated. jk .

4. A method for generating calculation examples for surveying wire-assisted teaching, characterized in that: The method for generating batch wire coordinate results specifically includes: According to the wire coordinate results, affine transformation is performed on one or more points, including rotation, translation, scaling and other operations, to generate multiple wire coordinate results in batches. The transformed wire plane coordinates (X′ i , Y′ i ) The calculation method is shown in formula (1): Where a and d are scaling parameters; b and c are rotation parameters, t x and t y is the translation parameter. A simple linear transformation can also be performed on the elevation value of the traverse point. The calculation method is shown in formula (2): H′ i =p×H i +q (2) 5. A method for generating calculation examples for surveying wire-assisted teaching, characterized in that: The method for generating the traverse measurement observation record includes: S1 generates a wire coordinate result according to the method of claim 4. S2 reversely calculates the theoretical observation values ​​of the wire based on the wire coordinate results, including the wire side length, horizontal observation angle, vertical observation angle, azimuth, etc. S2.1 Reverse calculation of the theoretical horizontal distance D between each conductor point j , see formula (1), (2), (3): △X j =X i+1 -X i (1) △And j =And i+1 -AND i (2) S2.2 Reverse calculation of the theoretical value of the coordinate azimuth of each conductor point A i Theoretical value of horizontal angle β between two points j , see formula (4) and (5): In the formula, since the range of the arctan function is Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the relative position of the two points (i.e. △X j , △Y j The specific situation is: if △Y>0, △X>0, then A i =a i ; If △Y>0, △X<0, then A i =180°-a i ; If △Y<0, △X<0, then A i =180°+a i ; If △Y<0, △X>0, then A i =360°-a i . b j =A i+1 -A i (5) S2.3 Reverse calculation of the height difference h between each conductor point j , see formula (6): h j =H i+1 -H i (6) S3 reversely calculates the horizontal angle median β′ mentioned in claims 1-3 j , slope distance S′ j and the median of the vertical angle α′ i S3.1 Calculate the closure error limit of the conductor angle f β , in 0~f β Randomly generate angle closure error f β ′, f β ' is distributed to each traverse point and the horizontal angle median β' is calculated j , see formula (7) and (8): Where N is the number of conductor points, and u is a constant, which is determined according to the closure error limit requirements for conductor measurements of each level. S3.2 Calculate the relative closure error limit f of the entire length of the conductor D , in 0~f D Randomly generate the wire closure error f D ′, f D 'Distribute to each observation section according to the proportion of the wire length, and calculate the horizontal distance D' j , see formula (9) and (10): Where ω is a constant, and its value is determined according to the closure error limit requirements for each level of conductor measurement. S3.3 Calculate the height difference closure error limit f h , in 0~f h Randomly generate angle closure error f h ′, f h ′ is distributed to each observation section according to the proportion of the wire length, and the height difference h′ is calculated j , see formula (11), (12): Where ψ is a constant, which is determined according to the leveling measurement or loop closure error limit requirements. S3.4 Calculate the mean of the slope distance S′ j , see formula (13): S3.5 Use the trigonometric height calculation formula to calculate the vertical angle α′ i , see formula (14): Where I is the instrument height of the measuring station, and V is the target height. During calculation, I and V need to be randomly set within a reasonable range. S4 generates horizontal angle measurement observation records, vertical angle measurement observation records and distance measurement observation records respectively according to the method described in claims 1-3.

6. A system for generating calculation examples for surveying wire-assisted teaching, characterized in that: The S1 system mainly includes graphic design module, example generation module, notebook output module and automatic inspection module, including but not limited to realizing graphic design of horizontal angle measurement, vertical angle measurement, distance measurement, traverse measurement, leveling measurement results, generation of observation records, observation notebook output and automatic inspection of observation notebooks and adjustment results. S2 Graphic Design Module. Based on the background topographic map, electronic map or image map, including but not limited to vector data (.shp, .dwg, .las), text data (.txt, .xlxs format) and image data (.tif, .jpg), according to the technical indicators of the corresponding observation level, design the graphic structure of horizontal angle measurement, vertical angle measurement, distance measurement, traverse measurement, leveling measurement, etc., and output the corresponding theoretical observation values, including horizontal angle, vertical angle, distance, traverse point coordinate results, leveling point elevation results, etc. S3 example generation module. S3.1 Using the methods described in claim 1, claim 2, and claim 3, observation records of horizontal angle observation records, vertical angle observation records, and distance observation records can be generated respectively; using the methods described in claim 4 and claim 5, observation records of different conductors can be generated. S3.2 Record the numerical values ​​of the above calculation process as the basis for automatic checking of subsequent adjustment results. S4 handbook output module. S4.1 outputs the observation notebook according to certain recording methods and format requirements based on the different calculation examples generated by S3 for user calculation. S4.2 Based on the process values ​​of S3.2 and the method of S4.1, output an observation notebook of the complete calculation process, that is, the observation notebook answer. S5 automatic inspection module. S5.1 compares the observation notebook submitted by the user after calculation with the observation notebook answer output by S4.2 to realize automatic inspection and recording. S5.2 Automatically score the observation notebooks submitted by users according to the set scores. S5.3 Output and register the results of the automatic inspection.

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