Blood sampling detector for HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) as well as method and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of virus collection and detection, and discloses a blood sampling detector for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and a method thereof, the blood sampling detector comprises a frame body, the frame body is provided with a sampling module, a needle replacement module, a disinfection module and a controller, the sampling module is used for automatic puncture to obtain a blood sample; the needle replacing module is connected with the sampling module and used for disassembling an old needle and installing a new needle when blood sampling is completed; the disinfection module is arranged around the sampling module; the disinfection module comprises an ultraviolet disinfection lamp and an alcohol spraying device, and the disinfection module is used for sequentially carrying out sterilization and residual germ killing operation after the needle head is replaced; the alcohol spraying device comprises a liquid storage tank, a pump body and a spraying nozzle, the pump body is located in the liquid storage tank and used for spraying out alcohol in the liquid storage tank through a hose and the spraying nozzle, and the spraying nozzle faces the needle joint of the sampling module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of virus collection and detection, and particularly to a blood sampling detector and method for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and its detection method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of global public health, the prevention and control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has always been of utmost importance. As the crucial starting point of the prevention and control process, the accuracy and efficiency of HIV detection directly affect subsequent diagnosis, treatment, and the effectiveness of epidemic prevention and control. Blood testing is currently the most commonly used and reliable method for diagnosing HIV infection, and blood sampling is the first key step in this detection process.

[0003] Traditional HIV blood sampling highly relies on manual operation by medical staff. After collecting blood from a patient, medical staff need to extremely carefully remove the used needle to prevent the occupational exposure risk caused by needle stick injuries. Subsequently, they use disinfectants such as medical alcohol and iodophor to wipe and disinfect the sampling instrument, and then replace it with a new needle. This process has some defects. Firstly, the manual needle replacement and disinfection steps are cumbersome and time-consuming. Every time a blood collection operation is completed, medical staff have to stop their work and concentrate on performing the disinfection process, which lengthens the entire blood collection process. Especially in large-scale HIV screening scenarios, such as community centralized testing and general surveys of specific high-risk groups, there are a large number of people waiting in line for blood collection, and the drawn-out blood collection interval greatly affects the overall detection efficiency and slows down the work progress.

[0004] Secondly, the effect of manual disinfection is greatly affected by factors such as the proficiency, fatigue level of medical staff, and control of disinfection time. Sampling instruments with incomplete disinfection, the remaining pathogens are very likely to cause cross-infection during the next blood collection, exposing healthy people to a huge risk of HIV infection; while over-disinfection not only wastes medical resources but may also interfere with subsequent test results due to the residue of disinfectants. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a blood sampling detector and method for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and solve the technical problems of cumbersome and time-consuming manual needle replacement and disinfection steps, and the effect of manual disinfection being affected by factors such as the proficiency, fatigue level of medical staff, and control of disinfection time.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A blood sampling detector for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), comprising a frame body, on which a sampling module, a needle replacement module, a disinfection module and a controller are installed. The sampling module is used for automatically puncturing to obtain a blood sample; the needle replacement module is connected to the sampling module and is used for disassembling the old needle and installing a new needle when blood collection is completed; the disinfection module is arranged around the sampling module.

[0008] The disinfection module includes an ultraviolet disinfection lamp and an alcohol spray device, and is used for sequentially performing sterilization and killing residual germs operations after the needle is replaced. The alcohol spray device includes: a liquid storage tank, a pump body and a spray nozzle. The pump body is located in the liquid storage tank and is used for spraying the alcohol in the liquid storage tank through a hose and the spray nozzle. The spray nozzle faces the needle connection part of the sampling module.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the sampling module includes:

[0010] A housing, the surface of which has anti-slip texture and is in a pistol-like shape as a whole; a servo motor is arranged inside the sampling housing, and the servo motor is connected to a puncture needle through a transmission gear set. The vertical part of the housing serves as a syringe barrel, and the syringe barrel is made of transparent plastic and marked with scales. The horizontal part of the housing serves as a holding part, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the holding part. The pressure sensor and the servo motor are both electrically connected to the controller. When the operator tightly holds the holding part, the pressure sensor is pressed. After the controller receives the signal of the pressure sensor, it controls the servo motor to start to realize the operation of the sampling module.

[0011] A lifting unit, which is arranged on the frame body and is used for driving the housing to move up and down.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the lifting unit includes:

[0013] A limit frame, on which a limit sliding groove is opened. A displacement block is slidably connected in the limit sliding groove. One end of the displacement block extending out of the limit sliding groove is selectively and movably connected to the housing through a connection component. The displacement block is sleeved on a lead screw. The lead screw is rotatably installed on the limit frame, and the lead screw is driven by a driving motor, and the driving motor is also installed on the limit frame.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the connection component includes:

[0015] A receiving groove is formed on one side of the displacement block facing the housing. An elastic connecting rope is fixed to the bottom wall of the receiving groove, and the other end of the elastic connecting rope is fixedly connected to a clamping block. The clamping block is fixed on the outer side wall of the housing. A clamping groove is formed at the notch of the receiving groove. The outer diameter of the clamping groove is larger than that of the receiving groove. The clamping groove is adapted to the clamping block, and a first magnet is embedded in the inner side wall of the clamping groove. A second magnet is embedded in the clamping block. The first magnet and the second magnet are magnetically attracted to each other. The clamping block is arranged in a rectangular structure.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the needle replacement module includes:

[0017] A needle storage bin, which is arranged on the frame body. A sealing plate is arranged at the bottom of the needle storage bin. A plurality of needles are stored in the needle storage bin from top to bottom. A rotating frame is arranged between the bottom of the needle storage bin and the bottom of the housing. The middle part of the rotating frame is rotatably installed on the frame body. Two L-shaped brackets are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating frame. An opening is arranged at the bottom of the L-shaped bracket. An electric gripper is arranged at the bottom end of the L-shaped bracket. The electric gripper is opened and closed by the telescopic push of an electric push rod. An electric telescopic rod is arranged between the rotating frame and the L-shaped bracket. The electric telescopic rod is used to push the L-shaped bracket to move up and down. A steering component is also arranged on the opening. The steering component is used to turn the horizontally placed needle into a vertical state. The electric gripper, the electric telescopic rod and the controller are electrically connected.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the steering component includes a semi-circular track. The semi-circular track is fixed to the frame body through a support rod. One end of the semi-circular track corresponds to the bottom of the needle storage bin, and the other end corresponds to one of the L-shaped brackets. The needle tips of the needles stored in the needle storage bin face the semi-circular track. Photoelectric sensors are arranged at both ends of the semi-circular track. The photoelectric sensors are electrically connected to the controller.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the needle replacement module further includes a triggering component, which is used to drive the sealing plate to perform an opening and closing action once when the housing moves to a specified position. The sealing plate is arranged in a double-layer structure. Exactly one needle can be accommodated in the sealing plate. A delay component is arranged between the end of the bottom sealing plate extending out of the needle storage bin and the end of the top sealing plate extending out of the needle storage bin. The delay component includes a displacement groove and a moving block. The displacement groove is formed on the upper surface of the bottom sealing plate, and the moving block is fixed to the end of the top sealing plate.

[0020] As a further technical solution, the triggering component includes:

[0021] A trigger rod, which is fixed to the top of the outer shell. The end of the trigger rod selectively contacts one end of a transmission rod. The middle of the transmission rod is rotatably installed on the frame body through a torsion spring. One end of the transmission rod is movably connected to the end of the trigger rod to form a flexible rotating joint, and the other end extends towards the sealing plate direction for transmitting the displacement force of the trigger rod.

[0022] A lever, which is arranged near the sealing plate. A fulcrum position is arranged in the middle of the lever. One end of the lever is movably connected to the other end of the transmission rod, and a push plate is fixed to the other end. The push plate is fixedly connected to the lower layer plate in the double-layer structure of the sealing plate. When the trigger rod is pressed due to the upward movement of the outer shell, the lever is driven to rotate through the transmission rod, and then the push plate drives the sealing plate to achieve an opening and closing action.

[0023] A usage method of a blood sampling detector for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the steps of the method are as follows:

[0024] S1. First, turn on the ultraviolet disinfection lamp of the disinfection module for 30 - 60 seconds to initially sterilize the needle connection part of the sampling module, and at the same time check the number of needles in the needle storage bin. If it is insufficient, replenish them.

[0025] S2. During the blood collection process, as needed, the controller regulates the lifting unit to drive the sampling module to descend to a specified height, thereby driving the needle to pierce into the patient's vein. The medical staff holds the holding part of the sampling module, and the grip force makes the pressure sensor be pressed. The pressure sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller drives the servo motor of the sampling module to operate. The servo motor drives the piston rod inside the outer shell to move upward through the transmission gear set to achieve blood collection. The medical staff observes the scale of the syringe. When the blood collection volume reaches the standard, the controller controls the lifting unit to drive the sampling module to move upward, and the puncture needle withdraws from the vein.

[0026] S3. After the blood collection is completed, the sampling module moves to a specified position under the action of the lifting unit. The triggering component drives the sealing plate to open and close once. The new needle falls onto one of the L-shaped brackets through the semi-circular track. The electric telescopic rod at the old needle extends, the electric claw opens and then contracts. The electric claw grabs the old needle and then the electric telescopic rod retracts. The rotating frame in the needle replacement module rotates to align the new needle with the bottom of the outer shell, and then drives the electric telescopic rod at the new needle to extend to install the new needle onto the sampling module. The replaced old needle is thrown into the waste box.

[0027] S4. After the new needle is installed, the ultraviolet disinfection lamp of the disinfection module is turned on and irradiates continuously for 60 - 90 seconds. Then the medical alcohol spraying device starts to spray alcohol droplets and sprays continuously for 2 - 3 minutes. After the disinfection is completed, all components of the device are reset to prepare for the blood collection operation on the next patient.

[0028] Advantages of the present invention:

[0029] (1) The present invention realizes an automated process. After blood collection is completed, it can quickly trigger the needle replacement and disinfection procedures, seamlessly connecting all steps, significantly shortening the single blood collection cycle. Compared with the traditional method, the efficiency is increased several times, enabling the rapid advancement of large-scale screening work and reducing the waiting time of patients in line.

[0030] (2) After the needle is replaced, the disinfection module of the present invention first uses an ultraviolet disinfection lamp to destroy the nucleic acid structure of germs, and then uses an alcohol spray device to densely cover and disinfect the key parts of the sampling module, especially the needle connection part. With double protection, the possibility of cross-infection of HIV and other pathogens is greatly reduced, ensuring the health and safety of the patient group; moreover, the needle replacement module operates automatically, eliminating the need for medical staff to manually disassemble and install the needle, avoiding this occupational exposure risk, providing a safer working environment for medical staff, and reducing the occurrence of occupational injury incidents.

[0031] (3) The precise alcohol spray disinfection and automatic needle replacement on demand of the present invention avoid the waste of alcohol caused by improper operation during manual disinfection, and also reduce the waste of consumables caused by repeated sampling due to incomplete disinfection. From the perspective of long-term and large-scale blood collection operations, it helps medical institutions reasonably control material costs and achieve the efficient utilization of medical resources. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 is the overall framework diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the needle replacement module in

[0035] Figure 3 the state schematic diagram of the sampling module in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection component in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the L-shaped bracket in

[0038] Description of the Drawings: 1. Frame; 2. Sampling module; 21. Outer shell; 211. Servo motor; 212. Transmission gear set; 213. Syringe barrel; 214. Holding part; 215. Pressure sensor; 22. Lifting unit; 221. Limit frame; 222. Limit sliding groove; 223. Displacement block; 224. Connection component; 2241. Accommodation groove; 2242. Elastic connection rope; 2243. Clamping block; 2244. Clamping groove; 2245. First magnet; 2246. Second magnet; 225. Lead screw; 226. Driving motor; 3. Needle replacement module; 31. Needle storage bin; 32. Sealing plate; 321. Displacement groove; 322. Moving block; 33. Rotary frame; 34. L-shaped bracket; 35. Opening; 36. Electric gripper; 37. Electric telescopic rod; 38. Steering component; 381. Semi-circular track; 382. Support rod; 383. Photoelectric sensor; 39. Triggering component; 391. Triggering rod; 392. Transmission rod; 393. Torsion spring; 394. Lever; 395. Pushing plate; 4. Disinfection module; 41. Ultraviolet disinfection lamp; 42. Alcohol spray device. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1-5 As shown in the figure, the present invention is a blood sampling detector for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including a frame 1. A sampling module 2, a needle replacement module 3, a disinfection module 4 and a controller are installed on the frame 1. The sampling module 2 is used for automatic puncture to obtain a blood sample; the needle replacement module 3 is connected to the sampling module 2, and the needle replacement module 3 is used for disassembling the old needle and installing a new needle when blood collection is completed; the disinfection module 4 is arranged around the sampling module 2;

[0041] The disinfection module 4 includes an ultraviolet disinfection lamp 41 and an alcohol spray device 42. The disinfection module 4 is used for performing sterilization and killing residual germs operations in sequence after the needle is replaced; the alcohol spray device 42 includes: a liquid storage tank, a pump body and a spray head. The pump body is located in the liquid storage tank and is used to spray the alcohol in the liquid storage tank through a hose and the spray head, and the spray head faces the needle connection part of the sampling module 2.

[0042] The present invention realizes an automated process. After blood collection is completed, it can quickly trigger the needle replacement and disinfection steps, seamlessly connect all steps, and can significantly shorten the single blood collection cycle. Compared with the traditional method, the efficiency is increased several times, enabling large-scale screening work to be quickly promoted and reducing the queuing time of patients. After the needle is replaced by the disinfection module 4, first, the nucleic acid structure of germs is destroyed by the ultraviolet disinfection lamp 41, and then the key parts of the sampling module 2, especially the needle connection, are densely covered and disinfected by the alcohol spray device 42. Under the double guarantee, the possibility of cross-infection of HIV and other pathogens is greatly reduced, ensuring the health and safety of the patient group. Moreover, the needle replacement module 3 operates automatically, eliminating the need for medical staff to manually disassemble and install the needle, avoiding this occupational exposure risk, providing a safer working environment for medical staff, and reducing the occurrence of occupational injury incidents. Finally, precise alcohol spray disinfection and automatic needle replacement on demand avoid alcohol waste caused by improper operation during manual disinfection and also reduce the waste of consumables caused by repeated sampling due to incomplete disinfection. From the perspective of long-term and large-scale blood collection operations, it helps medical institutions reasonably control material costs and achieve the efficient utilization of medical resources.

[0043] The sampling module 2 includes:

[0044] A housing 21, the surface of the housing 21 has anti-slip texture and is in a pistol-like shape as a whole; a servo motor 211 is arranged inside the sampling housing, the servo motor 211 is connected to the puncture needle through a transmission gear set 212, the vertical part of the housing 21 serves as a syringe barrel 213, and the syringe barrel 213 is made of transparent plastic and marked with scales. The horizontal part of the housing 21 serves as a holding part 214, and a pressure sensor 215 is arranged on the holding part 214. The pressure sensor 215 and the servo motor 211 are both electrically connected to the controller. When the operator tightly holds the holding part 214, the pressure sensor 215 is pressed. After the controller receives the signal of the pressure sensor 215, it controls the servo motor 211 to start to realize the operation of the sampling module 2;

[0045] A lifting unit 22, the lifting unit 22 is arranged on the frame body 1 and is used to drive the housing 21 to move up and down.

[0046] The lifting unit 22 includes:

[0047] A limiting frame 221 is provided. A limiting sliding groove 222 is formed on the limiting frame 221. A displacement block 223 is slidably connected in the limiting sliding groove 222. One end of the displacement block 223 extending out of the limiting sliding groove 222 is selectively and movably connected to the outer shell 21 through a connecting assembly 224. The displacement block 223 is sleeved on a lead screw 225. The lead screw 225 is rotatably installed on the limiting frame 221, and the lead screw 225 is driven by a driving motor 226, and the driving motor 226 is also installed on the limiting frame 221.

[0048] In the present invention, the specific structure of the sampling module 2 is provided. When in use, first, the lifting unit 22 is controlled by the controller to drive the sampling module 2 to descend to a specified height, so as to drive the needle to pierce into the patient's vein. The medical staff holds the holding part 214 of the sampling module 2, and the holding force causes the pressure sensor 215 to be pressed. The pressure sensor 215 sends a signal to the controller, and the controller drives the servo motor 211 of the sampling module 2 to operate. The servo motor 211 drives the piston rod inside the outer shell 21 to move upward through the transmission gear set 212 to realize blood collection. The medical staff observes the scale of the syringe 213. When the blood collection volume reaches the standard, the controller controls the lifting unit 22 to drive the sampling module 2 to move upward, and the puncture needle withdraws from the vein, and at this time the blood collection ends; the sampling module 2 moves to a specified position under the action of the lifting unit 22, and the triggering assembly 39 drives the sealing plate 32 to open and close once. The new needle falls onto one of the L-shaped brackets 34 through the semi-circular track. The electric telescopic rod 37 at the old needle extends, then the electric claw 36 opens and then contracts. After the electric claw 36 grabs the old needle, the electric telescopic rod 37 retracts. The rotating frame 33 in the needle replacement module 3 rotates to align the new needle with the bottom of the outer shell 21, and then drives the electric telescopic rod 37 at the new needle to extend to install the new needle on the sampling module 2, and the replaced old needle is thrown into the waste box; the lifting unit 22 endows the sampling module 2 with the ability to adjust the height. By driving the driving motor 226 to drive the lead screw 225 to rotate, the displacement block 223 slides along the limiting sliding groove 222, so as to change the height of the outer shell 21 as required. In the face of the difference in the vein positions of different patients, it can be quickly and flexibly adjusted to ensure smooth puncture and improve the overall blood collection experience and success rate.

[0049] The connecting assembly 224 includes:

[0050] The receiving groove 2241 is opened on the side of the displacement block 223 facing the outer shell 21. An elastic connection cord 2242 is fixed to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 2241. The other end of the elastic connection cord 2242 is fixedly connected to a clamping block 2243. The clamping block 2243 is fixed on the outer side wall of the outer shell 21. A clamping groove 2244 is opened at the notch of the receiving groove 2241. The outer diameter of the clamping groove 2244 is larger than that of the receiving groove 2241. The clamping groove 2244 is adapted to the clamping block 2243. A first magnet 2245 is embedded in the inner side wall of the clamping groove 2244. A second magnet 2246 is embedded in the clamping block 2243. The first magnet 2245 and the second magnet 2246 are magnetically attracted to each other. The clamping block 2243 is arranged in a rectangular structure.

[0051] To improve the convenience of operation, the present invention provides a connection component 224. Under the action of the clamping groove 2244, the clamping block 2243, the first magnet 2245 and the second magnet 2246, medical staff can choose to remove the outer shell 21, but it is always kept connected by the elastic connection cord 2242 to prevent the outer shell 21 from accidentally falling. At the same time, medical staff can freely operate the blood collection process, with higher flexibility. And the clamping groove 2244, the clamping block 2243, the first magnet 2245 and the second magnet 2246 can maintain a relatively stable connection state and will only disengage when medical staff consciously removes the outer shell 21.

[0052] The needle replacement module 3 includes:

[0053] A needle storage bin 31, the needle storage bin is arranged on the frame body 1. A sealing plate 32 is arranged at the bottom of the needle storage bin 31. A plurality of needles are stored in the needle storage bin from top to bottom. A rotating frame 33 is arranged between the bottom of the needle storage bin and the outer shell 21. The middle of the rotating frame 33 is rotatably installed on the frame body 1. Two ends of the rotating frame 33 are symmetrically provided with L-shaped brackets 34. An opening 35 is arranged at the bottom of the L-shaped bracket 34. An electric gripper 36 is arranged at the bottom end of the L-shaped bracket 34. The electric gripper 36 is opened and closed by the telescopic push of an electric push rod. The electric gripper 36 adopts the existing technology and can realize the action of opening and closing to clamp the needle, so no more details will be described here. An electric telescopic rod 37 is arranged between the rotating frame 33 and the L-shaped bracket 34. The electric telescopic rod 37 is used to push the L-shaped bracket 34 to move up and down. A steering component 38 is also arranged on the opening 35. The steering component 38 is used to turn the horizontally placed needle into a vertical state. The electric gripper 36, the electric telescopic rod 37 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0054] The steering assembly 38 includes a semi-circular track 381. The semi-circular track is fixed to the frame 1 by a support rod 382. One end of the semi-circular track corresponds to the bottom of the needle storage bin 31, and the other end corresponds to one of the L-shaped brackets 34. The tips of the needles stored in the needle storage bin 31 face the semi-circular track. Photoelectric sensors 383 are provided at both ends of the semi-circular track, and the photoelectric sensors 383 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0055] The needle replacement module 3 further includes a trigger assembly 39. The trigger assembly 39 is used to drive the sealing plate 32 to perform an opening and closing action once when the outer shell 21 moves to a specified position. The sealing plate 32 is arranged in a double-layer structure, and exactly one needle can be accommodated in the sealing plate 32. A delay assembly is provided between the end of the bottom sealing plate 32 extending out of the needle storage bin 31 and the end of the top sealing plate 32. The delay assembly includes a displacement groove 321 and a moving block 322. The displacement groove 321 is opened on the upper surface of the bottom sealing plate 32, and the moving block 322 is fixed to the end of the top sealing plate 32.

[0056] The trigger assembly 39 includes:

[0057] A trigger rod 391, which is fixed to the top of the outer shell 21. The end of the trigger rod 391 selectively contacts one end of a transmission rod 392. The middle of the transmission rod 392 is rotatably installed on the frame 1 through a torsion spring 393. One end of the transmission rod 392 is movably connected to the end of the trigger rod 391 to form a flexibly rotatable joint, and the other end extends towards the sealing plate 32 for transmitting the displacement force of the trigger rod 391.

[0058] A lever 394, which is arranged near the sealing plate 32. A fulcrum position is provided in the middle of the lever 394. One end of the lever 394 is movably connected to the other end of the transmission rod 392, and a push plate 395 is fixed to the other end. The push plate 395 is fixedly connected to the lower layer plate of the double-layer structure of the sealing plate 32. When the trigger rod 391 is pressed due to the upward movement of the outer shell 21, the lever 394 is driven to rotate through the transmission rod 392, and then the push plate 395 drives the sealing plate 32 to perform an opening and closing action once.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the sampling module 2 moves to a specified position under the action of the lifting unit 22, the trigger rod 391 pushes the transmission rod 392 upward to deflect. The transmission rod 392 drives the lever 394 to rotate, thereby pushing the push plate 395 and the lower sealing plate 32 to move outward. When moving a certain distance, at this time, the moving block 322 moves to the bottom of the displacement groove 321, so the lower sealing plate 32 is driven to passively push the upper sealing plate 32 to move outward, thereby realizing the delayed opening of the double-layer sealing plate 32 once. In the above way, the needle located between the double-layer sealing plates 32 can be dropped first. At this time, it moves from horizontal to vertical along the semi-circular track and just falls on the L-shaped bracket 34. The trigger assembly 39 drives the sealing plate 32 to open and close once. The new needle falls into one of the L-shaped brackets 34 through the semi-circular track. The electric telescopic rod 37 at the old needle position extends, then the electric gripper 36 opens and then contracts. After the electric gripper 36 grabs the old needle, the electric telescopic rod 37 retracts. The rotary frame 33 in the needle replacement module 3 rotates to align the new needle with the bottom of the outer shell 21. Then, the electric telescopic rod 37 at the new needle position is driven to elongate, and the new needle is installed on the sampling module 2. The replaced old needle is thrown into the waste box; through the above technical solutions, on the one hand, the entire needle replacement process does not require manual intervention. After blood collection, the trigger assembly 39, the rotary frame 33, the electric gripper 36 and the electric telescopic rod 37 cooperate to quickly and accurately complete the disassembly of the old needle and the installation of the new needle, greatly shortening the blood collection interval time. Compared with the traditional manual replacement, the efficiency is greatly improved, meeting the needs of large-scale HIV detection. On the other hand, with the steering assembly 38 composed of the semi-circular track 381 and the photoelectric sensors 383 at both ends, the horizontally placed needle can be reliably turned into a vertical state, ensuring the accurate installation angle of the needle without error, and avoiding affecting the subsequent blood collection operation due to the deviation of the needle posture, laying a foundation for the puncture accuracy; at the same time, the double-layer structure of the sealing plate 32 and the delay component allow only one needle to be released each time, preventing accidents such as multiple needles falling at the same time. The trigger assembly 39 cleverly uses the displacement of the outer shell 21 to trigger, with a compact structure and reliable action, avoiding mis-triggering and improving the overall operation stability.

[0060] A method for using a blood sampling detector for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the steps of the method are as follows:

[0061] S1. First, turn on the ultraviolet disinfection lamp 41 of the disinfection module 4 for 30 - 60 seconds to initially sterilize the needle connection of the sampling module 2, and at the same time check the number of needles in the needle storage bin 31. If it is insufficient, make up the needles;

[0062] S2. During the blood collection process, the lifting unit 22 is controlled by the controller as needed to drive the sampling module 2 to descend to a specified height, thereby driving the needle to pierce the patient's vein. The medical staff holds the gripping portion 214 of the sampling module 2, and the gripping force causes the pressure sensor 215 to be pressed. The pressure sensor 215 sends a signal to the controller, and the controller drives the servo motor 211 of the sampling module 2 to operate. The servo motor 211 drives the piston rod inside the housing 21 to move upward through the transmission gear set 212 to achieve blood collection. The medical staff observes the scale of the syringe 213. When the blood collection volume reaches the standard, the controller controls the lifting unit 22 to drive the sampling module 2 to move upward, and the puncture needle withdraws from the vein;

[0063] S3. After the blood collection is completed, the sampling module 2 moves to a specified position under the action of the lifting unit 22, and the triggering component 39 drives the sealing plate 32 to open and close once. The new needle falls onto one of the L-shaped brackets 34 through the semi-circular track. The electric telescopic rod 37 at the old needle extends, then the electric gripper 36 opens and then contracts. After the electric gripper 36 grabs the old needle, the electric telescopic rod 37 retracts. The rotating frame 33 in the needle replacement module 3 rotates to align the new needle with the bottom of the housing 21, and then the electric telescopic rod 37 at the new needle is driven to extend to install the new needle onto the sampling module 2, and the replaced old needle is discarded into the waste box;

[0064] S4. After the new needle is installed, the ultraviolet disinfection lamp 41 of the disinfection module 4 is turned on and irradiates continuously for 60 - 90 seconds. Then the medical alcohol spraying device 42 starts to spray alcohol droplets and sprays continuously for 2 - 3 minutes. After the disinfection is completed, all components of the device are reset to prepare for the blood collection operation on the next patient.

[0065] The above has described an embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the described content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present invention application should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), on which a sampling module (2), a needle replacement module (3), a disinfection module (4) and a controller are installed. The sampling module (2) is used for automatically puncturing to obtain a blood sample. The needle replacement module (3) is connected to the sampling module (2). The needle replacement module (3) is used for removing an old needle and installing a new needle when blood sampling is completed. The disinfection module (4) is arranged around the sampling module (2). The disinfection module (4) comprises an ultraviolet disinfection lamp (41) and an alcohol spray device (42), and the disinfection module (4) is used to carry out sterilization and residual germ elimination operations in sequence after the needle is replaced; the alcohol spray device (42) comprises: a liquid storage tank, a pump body and a spray nozzle, the pump body is located in the liquid storage tank, and is used to spray the alcohol in the liquid storage tank through a hose and a spray nozzle, and the spray nozzle is facing the needle connection of the sampling module (2).

2. The blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling module (2) comprises: A shell (21), the surface of the shell (21) has an anti-slip texture and is in the shape of a pistol as a whole; a servo motor (211) is arranged inside the sampling shell, the servo motor (211) is connected to the puncture needle through a transmission gear set (212), the vertical part of the shell (21) serves as a syringe (213), and the syringe (213) is made of transparent plastic and marked with scales, the horizontal part of the shell (21) serves as a gripping portion (214), the gripping portion (214) is provided with a pressure sensor (215), the pressure sensor (215) and the servo motor (211) are both electrically connected to the controller, when the operator grips the gripping portion (214), the pressure sensor (215) is pressurized, and after the controller receives a signal from the pressure sensor (215), it controls the servo motor (211) to start and realize the operation of the sampling module (2); A lifting unit (22), wherein the lifting unit (22) is arranged on the frame (1) and is used to drive the housing (21) to move up and down.

3. The blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting unit (22) comprises: A limit frame (221) is provided with a limit slide groove (222) on the limit frame (221), a displacement block (223) is slidably connected in the limit slide groove (222), one end of the displacement block (223) extending out of the limit slide groove (222) is selectively movably connected to the housing (21) through a connecting component (224), the displacement block (223) is sleeved on a screw rod (225), the screw rod (225) is rotatably mounted on the limit frame (221), and the screw rod (225) is driven by a driving motor (226), and the driving motor (226) is also mounted on the limit frame (221).

4. The blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection assembly (224) comprises: The receiving groove (2241) is provided on a side of the displacement block (223) facing the housing (21), and an elastic connecting rope (2242) is fixed on the bottom wall of the receiving groove (2241), and the other end of the elastic connecting rope (2242) is fixedly connected to a clamping block (2243), and the clamping block (2243) is fixed on the outer side wall of the housing (21), and a clamping groove (2244) is provided at the notch of the receiving groove (2241). ), the outer diameter of the snap-in groove (2244) is larger than the accommodating groove (2241), the snap-in groove (2244) is matched with the clamping block (2243), and a first magnet (2245) is embedded and connected to the inner wall of the snap-in groove (2244), a second magnet (2246) is embedded and connected to the clamping block (2243), the first magnet (2245) and the second magnet (2246) are attracted to each other by magnetic lines, and the clamping block (2243) is arranged in a rectangular structure.

5. The blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The needle replacement module (3) comprises: A needle storage bin (31), the needle storage bin being arranged on the frame (1), a sealing plate (32) being arranged at the bottom of the needle storage bin (31), a plurality of needles being stored from top to bottom in the needle storage bin, a rotating frame (33) being arranged between the needle storage bin and the bottom of the housing (21), the middle part of the rotating frame (33) being rotatably mounted on the frame (1), L-shaped brackets (34) being symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating frame (33), an opening ( 35), an electric clamp (36) is arranged on the bottom end of the L-shaped bracket (34), an electric telescopic rod (37) is arranged between the rotating frame (33) and the L-shaped bracket (34), and the electric telescopic rod (37) is used to push the L-shaped bracket (34) to move up and down, and a steering component (38) is also arranged on the opening (35), and the steering component (38) is used to turn the horizontally placed needle head into a vertical state; the electric clamp (36) and the electric telescopic rod (37) are electrically connected to the controller.

6. The blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steering assembly (38) includes a semi-arc track (381), which is fixed to the frame (1) through a support rod (382), one end of the semi-arc track corresponds to the bottom of the needle storage bin (31), and the other end corresponds to one of the L-shaped brackets (34), the needle tips of the needles stored in the needle storage bin (31) are facing the semi-arc track, and photoelectric sensors (383) are provided at both ends of the semi-arc track, and the photoelectric sensors (383) are electrically connected to the controller.

7. The blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The needle replacement module (3) further comprises a trigger assembly (39), and the trigger assembly (39) is used to drive the sealing plate (32) to perform an opening and closing action when the housing (21) moves to a specified position; the sealing plate (32) is arranged to have a double-layer structure, and the sealing plate (32) can accommodate just one needle, wherein a delay assembly is arranged between the sealing plate (32) located at the bottom layer and the end of the sealing plate (32) located at the top layer extending out of the needle storage bin (31), and the delay assembly comprises a displacement groove (321) and a moving block (322), wherein the displacement groove (321) is arranged on the upper surface of the sealing plate (32) at the bottom layer, and the moving block (322) is fixed to the end of the sealing plate (32) at the top layer.

8. The blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The trigger assembly (39) comprises: A trigger rod (391), wherein the trigger rod (391) is fixed to the top of the housing (21), and the end of the trigger rod (391) is selectively in contact with one end of a transmission rod (392). The middle part of the transmission rod (392) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1) via a torsion spring (393), and one end of the transmission rod (392) is movably connected to the end of the trigger rod (391) to form a flexibly rotatable joint, and the other end extends toward the sealing plate (32) to transmit the displacement force of the trigger rod (391); A lever (394), wherein the lever (394) is arranged near the sealing plate (32), and a fulcrum is arranged in the middle position of the lever (394). One end of the lever (394) is movably connected to the other end of the transmission rod (392), and a push plate (395) is fixed to the other end. The push plate (395) is fixedly connected to the lower plate in the double-layer structure of the sealing plate (32); when the trigger rod (391) is pressed upward due to the upward movement of the housing (21), the lever (394) is driven to rotate through the transmission rod (392), thereby causing the push plate (395) to drive the sealing plate (32) to realize an opening and closing action.

9. A method for using a blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus, characterized in that: The deformation detection method uses the blood sampling detector for HIV immunodeficiency virus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the steps of the method are as follows: S1. Turn on the ultraviolet disinfection lamp (41) of the disinfection module (4) for 30-60 seconds to sterilize the needle connection of the sampling module (2). At the same time, check the number of needles in the needle storage bin (31) and replenish them if they are insufficient. S2. During the blood collection process, the controller controls the lifting unit (22) as needed to drive the sampling module (2) down to a specified height, thereby driving the needle to pierce the patient's vein. The medical staff holds the gripping portion (214) of the sampling module (2). The gripping force causes the pressure sensor (215) to be compressed. The pressure sensor (215) sends a signal to the controller. The controller drives the servo motor (211) of the sampling module (2) to operate. The servo motor (211) drives the piston rod inside the housing (21) to move upward through the transmission gear set (212) to achieve blood collection. The medical staff observes the scale of the syringe (213). When the blood collection volume reaches the standard, the controller controls the lifting unit (22) to drive the sampling module (2) to move upward, and the puncture needle withdraws from the vein. S3, after the blood sampling is completed, the sampling module (2) moves to the designated position under the action of the lifting unit (22), the trigger assembly (39) drives the sealing plate (32) to open and close once, and the new needle falls onto one of the L-shaped brackets (34) through the semi-arc track, the electric telescopic rod (37) at the old needle is extended, and then the electric clamp (36) opens and then contracts, the electric clamp (36) grabs the old needle, and then the electric telescopic rod (37) retracts, the rotating frame (33) in the needle replacement module (3) rotates, the new needle is aligned with the bottom of the housing (21), and then the electric telescopic rod (37) at the new needle is driven to extend, the new needle is installed on the sampling module (2), and the replaced old needle is thrown into the waste box; S4. After the new needle is installed, the ultraviolet disinfection lamp (41) of the disinfection module (4) is turned on and irradiated for 60-90 seconds. Then, the medical alcohol spray device (42) is started to spray alcohol droplets and spray for 2-3 minutes. After the disinfection is completed, the various parts of the equipment are reset and ready for the next patient's blood collection operation.

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