Energy-saving and environment-friendly rapid forming device for columnar activated carbon production

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of activated carbon production, and particularly relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly type rapid forming device for columnar activated carbon production, particulate matter concentration standard exceeding data is calculated according to a calculated particulate matter concentration increasing curve and a preset particulate matter attenuation curve and the increasing curve, and then the deceleration amount is calculated based on the pre-stored attenuation curve. And the main control module generates a deceleration instruction according to the deceleration amount, and outputs the deceleration instruction to control the molding device main body to operate at a reduced speed. The main control module enables the attenuation speed of the concentration of the particulate matter in the air to be larger than the increase speed by reducing the running speed of the equipment, and after the running speed is kept for specific running time, the concentration of the particulate matter in the air is reduced. By means of intelligent calculation, production efficiency loss caused by the fact that redundant speed reduction amount needs to be reserved during manual operation of an operator is avoided, speed reduction time is accurate, and production efficiency can be recovered in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of activated carbon production, and particularly relates to a rapid prototyping device for the production of energy-saving and environment-friendly columnar activated carbon. Background Art

[0002] Activated carbon is made by grinding natural materials or synthetic materials such as wood, coconut shell, and coal into powder according to a certain proportion, and then extruding the powdered raw material into a column shape. Among them, the forming device for extruding activated carbon powder adopts the prior art with the publication number of CN117359992B, which discloses a forming device for the production of columnar activated carbon, capable of realizing batch extrusion forming processing of activated carbon columns, with a fast production speed and stable forming effect. However, the problem is that during the process of extruding and forming activated carbon powder by this prior art, operations such as high-speed powder perfusion and powder extrusion will be performed, and the high-speed and frequent powder movement and force impact will inevitably generate a dust-raising effect. After a period of accumulation, the concentration of dust particles in the production and processing environment where the forming equipment is located exceeds the standard, which not only affects air quality but also easily causes problems such as short circuits in the equipment's circuits.

[0003] When operating the device of the prior art, although the dust will settle to the ground under the influence of gravity after floating for a certain time and will also gradually disperse with the air flow in the workshop, the cumulative dust increment generated by the continuously operating equipment is still greater than the natural reduction. Therefore, it is necessary for the operator to pause production every once in a while or significantly reduce the equipment operation speed to achieve the purpose of dust reduction.

[0004] Since the operator only regulates the equipment operation speed based on experience and feeling, in order to avoid insufficient deceleration and being unable to reduce the dust particle concentration, a large-scale speed reduction control with redundancy is usually carried out, but this will seriously affect production efficiency, which is extremely disadvantageous for products such as activated carbon columns with a large production batch and high production capacity requirements.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need for an activated carbon forming device that can reduce pollution while taking into account rapid production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a rapid prototyping device for the production of energy-saving and environment-friendly columnar activated carbon, which solves the problem that after the dust concentration reaches an excessive value, the operator only regulates the equipment operation speed based on experience and feeling, thereby slowing down the production progress.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A rapid prototyping device for the production of energy-saving and environment-friendly columnar activated carbon, including a main body of the forming device, a main control module for controlling the main body of the forming device, and a particulate matter detection module;

[0008] The particulate matter detection module is used to detect the change data of the particulate matter concentration in the air during a period of operation of the main body of the forming device at the rated speed, and upload it to the main control module to generate a growth curve of the particulate matter concentration accumulated over time;

[0009] The main control module pre-stores a decay curve of the particulate matter concentration decreasing with speed and time under the operating state of the main body of the forming device at each low-speed node;

[0010] The main control module calculates the particulate matter concentration exceeding standard data according to the growth curve, and then calculates the deceleration amount based on the pre-stored decay curve. The main control module generates a deceleration instruction according to the deceleration amount, and outputs the deceleration instruction to control the main body of the forming device to decelerate and operate.

[0011] Preferably, the main control module calculates the deceleration time and the deceleration amount according to the particulate matter concentration exceeding standard value, the growth curve and the decay curve.

[0012] Preferably, the main control module calculates the time difference between the current time node and the particulate matter concentration exceeding standard time node according to the growth curve, calibrates the time difference as the adjustment time, and quotes the decay curve, the growth curve and the adjustment time to calculate the deceleration amount.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a temperature detection module. The temperature detection module is electrically connected to the main control module. The temperature detection module is used to detect the ambient temperature in real time and transmit the ambient temperature to the main control module;

[0014] The main control module pre-sets an ambient temperature - particulate matter concentration curve of the rated particulate matter concentration changing with temperature. The main control module calculates and corrects the deceleration time and the deceleration amount according to the ambient temperature combined with the ambient temperature - particulate matter concentration curve, and generates a corrected deceleration time and a corrected deceleration amount respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the main control module is generated by fitting the historical ambient temperature and the historical particulate matter concentration when the device is at the rated speed.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes an equipment work data acquisition module. The equipment work data acquisition module is electrically connected to the main control module. The equipment work data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time equipment work data and transmit the real-time equipment work data to the main control module. The main control module calculates the equipment heat generation amount within a certain time according to the real-time equipment work data;

[0017] The main control module establishes an equipment heat generation amount - ambient temperature - time curve between the real-time equipment heat generation amount and the real-time ambient temperature. The main control module calculates the change trend of the ambient temperature over time according to the equipment heat generation amount - ambient temperature - time curve and in combination with the real-time equipment work data.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes a historical data acquisition module and a raw material temperature control module, and the historical data acquisition module and the raw material temperature control module are respectively electrically connected to the main control module;

[0019] The historical data acquisition module is used to acquire historical data, and the historical data includes the historical equipment working data and historical raw material temperature data of the equipment, and transmits the historical data to the main control module;

[0020] The main control module is used to generate an equipment working - raw material temperature - time curve by combining historical data;

[0021] The main control module predicts the change trend of the raw material temperature at a future time according to the equipment working - raw material temperature - time curve and in combination with real - time equipment working data;

[0022] The main control module generates a temperature adjustment instruction according to the difference between the predicted change trend of the raw material temperature and a preset raw material temperature range, and the temperature adjustment instruction is used to control the predicted future raw material temperature to remain within the preset raw material temperature range;

[0023] The temperature control module receives and executes the temperature adjustment instruction to regulate the raw material temperature.

[0024] Preferably, the particulate matter detection module includes a detection unit and a filtering unit. The detection unit is used to acquire the particulate matter concentration, and the filtering unit is used to filter the particulate matter concentration.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] Through the calculated particulate matter concentration growth curve and the preset particulate matter attenuation curve of the present invention, the particulate matter concentration exceeding - standard data is calculated according to the growth curve, and then the deceleration amount is calculated based on the pre - stored attenuation curve. The main control module generates a deceleration instruction according to the deceleration amount, and outputs the deceleration instruction to control the main body of the forming device to run at a reduced speed. By reducing the running speed of the equipment, the attenuation speed of the particulate matter concentration in the air is greater than the increase speed. After maintaining the running speed for a specific running time, the particulate matter concentration in the air decreases. Through intelligent calculation, it avoids the loss of production efficiency caused by the operator manually reserving a redundant deceleration amount during manual operation, and the deceleration time is accurate, and the production efficiency can be restored in time. Description of the Drawings

[0027] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is the system structure block diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0029] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features and their effects according to the present invention as follows.

[0030] To improve production efficiency, correspondingly, the operating speed of the main body of the molding device will be increased overall. Then, correspondingly, the operating speed of the equipment will also increase accordingly. Due to the existence of mechanical motion during the operation of the equipment, dust will be raised, further increasing the concentration level of particulate matter in the air. When the particulate matter concentration data in the air reaches the pollution value specified by environmental pollution regulations, production needs to be stopped and corresponding dust reduction treatment needs to be carried out until the concentration level of pollutants in the air is lower than the pollution value.

[0031] And to ensure that the theoretical best production speed of the equipment can be obtained under a low-pollution environment to maintain high production efficiency, please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment provides a rapid molding device for the production of energy-saving and environment-friendly columnar activated carbon. The device has a main body of the molding device integrating a full set of processes such as feeding and extrusion, and is also equipped with a main control module for controlling the main body of the molding device. Through the prefabricated program control of the main control module, the standardized production of activated carbon columns can be completed.

[0032] Regarding air pollution, a particulate matter detection module is added to detect the amount of dust generated by the dust-raising effect in the air, that is, the particulate matter concentration data. Since discrete dust in the air will settle partly under the influence of gravity and diffuse partly under the influence of air flow, but as long as the equipment continues to operate at rated power, it will inevitably continue to generate an increasing amount of dust. As the operating time of the equipment increases, the overall particulate matter concentration still shows an increasing trend. And because the processing raw material of activated carbon itself is powdery, a ventilator cannot be used to ventilate and disperse the particulate matter in the air. The air volume of the ventilator will blow the raw material to float, further increasing the particulate matter concentration in the air and even causing waste of the raw material. Moreover, because when activated carbon is extruded and formed, the temperature and humidity of the raw material need to be maintained within a specific range to ensure the final extrusion and forming effect of the activated carbon. Therefore, the particulate matter existing in the air is also not suitable for being reduced by spraying means. Therefore, after the particulate matter concentration in the air reaches a certain peak value, it is necessary to reduce the operating speed of the equipment so that the attenuation speed of the particulate matter concentration in the air is greater than the increasing speed. After maintaining for a certain period of time, the particulate matter concentration in the air will inevitably decrease.

[0033] In order to accurately calculate or predict the change in particulate matter concentration, it is necessary to continuously detect the data of particulate matter concentration in the air through a particulate matter detection module. After uploading these data to the main control module and combining with the time data provided by a timer, a growth curve of particulate matter concentration over time can be generated under the rated speed operation state of the device. When the device operates at the rated speed, the timer records the particulate matter concentration data collected by the particulate matter detection module at corresponding time points, and the detection data of the timer and the particulate matter detection module are aligned in the time series;

[0034] The growth curve of particulate matter concentration over time under the rated speed operation state of the device can be obtained. The numerical value of particulate matter concentration at a certain time point or the growth trend of particulate matter concentration over a period of time can be represented in this growth curve.

[0035] In order to make full use of the growth curve, it is necessary to set a reference in advance. In this embodiment, the reference is to uniformly adjust the operating speed of the device under the standard workshop working conditions, and keep the device running stably at each device operating speed node. Starting from the moment of adjusting the speed, record the change data of particulate matter concentration over time at the current operating speed within the interval time to obtain the change relationship of particulate matter concentration data over time at the current operating speed.

[0036] Arrange these data in the order of decreasing speed, and the attenuation curve can be obtained. The change trend of particulate matter concentration over time at the same speed and the influence trend of speed reduction on particulate matter concentration within the same time can be represented in the attenuation curve.

[0037] When the main control module has both curves at the same time, the specific particulate matter concentration exceeding standard data can be obtained by calculating the real-time particulate matter concentration data and comparing it with the air pollution index specified by the national standard. The exceeding standard data here is the difference between the particulate matter concentration in the air and the standard particulate matter concentration.

[0038] Then, based on the real-time particulate matter concentration exceeding standard data, establish an operation formula for zeroing under the influence of the two curves for data processing to obtain the specific device operating speed value and the maintenance time. Subtract the device operating speed value from the current rated operating speed value to get the deceleration amount of the device speed. The maintenance time is the deceleration time. The main control module sends instructions through these two data to make the various mechanisms of the main body of the forming device decelerate to reduce the particulate matter concentration within a period of time and make the air meet the standards.

[0039] This control method is executed intelligently and automatically, avoiding the loss of production efficiency caused by the need for operators to reserve a redundant deceleration amount during manual operation, and the deceleration time is accurate, enabling timely recovery of production efficiency.

[0040] Since the main control module can obtain the growth curve and decay curve, it has the ability to predict the change trend of particulate matter concentration after a period of time. Therefore, the standard for calculating the excessive concentration of particulate matter can also be divided into two control methods: reducing the excessive amount after exceeding the standard at a reduced speed, or predicting the time of exceeding the standard and slightly reducing the speed in advance to maintain a balanced state.

[0041] For the first control method of reducing the excessive amount after exceeding the standard at a reduced speed, in one embodiment, the main control module obtains the specific excessive value of the particulate matter concentration by comparing and subtracting the data uploaded by the real-time particulate matter detection module with the national standard data. Then, under the influence of the two curves, an operation formula is established based on the real-time excessive amount to zero, and data processing is performed to obtain the specific equipment operation speed value and the maintenance time. The difference between the equipment operation speed value and the current rated operation speed value is the equipment deceleration amount. The maintenance time is the deceleration time.

[0042] For the second control method of predicting the occurrence time of exceeding the standard and slightly reducing the speed in advance to maintain a balanced state, in one embodiment, the main control module measures the current particulate matter concentration data. After substituting the pollutant concentration data specified by the national standard and the real-time detected particulate matter concentration data into the growth curve, the time node corresponding to the current particulate matter concentration data and the time node corresponding to the excessive particulate matter concentration data at the current operation speed can be obtained. The difference between the two time nodes is the time period, and this time period is used as the monitoring time. The speed adjustment of the equipment is triggered before the time period is reached.

[0043] This control method of slightly reducing the speed to maintain air quality can ensure that air pollutants do not exceed the standard within this time period, which is beneficial for short-term and efficient production. It ends the production process before reaching the time point of exceeding the standard, avoids the impact of significant speed reduction, and maximally maintains a relatively fast production mode.

[0044] In one embodiment, since there are many interference factors in the environment, such as humidity and temperature in the air, which will affect the detection accuracy of the particulate matter detection module, in order to improve the accuracy of the detection data of the detection unit, the particulate matter detection module includes a detection unit, a self-calibration unit, and a filtering unit, which are connected in sequence. The self-calibration unit performs zero calibration and range calibration on the detection unit at preset time intervals. The calibration data is processed by the filtering unit and then transmitted to the main control module. The detection unit includes a laser scattering sensor array, and the detection data between the laser sensor arrays form mutual comparison and compensation to achieve mutual verification between the two groups of data. The self-calibration unit can reduce the error that occurs in the laser scattering sensor itself after a long detection cycle by connecting a self-calibration circuit to the detection circuit.

[0045] The particulate matter concentration data includes the concentration data of fine particulate matter PM2.5 and inhalable particulate matter PM10 within the scope of air quality index (AQI) pollutant detection.

[0046] Since the change in environmental temperature affects the particulate matter concentration in the workshop, when the temperature rises, the particulate matter molecules in the air diffuse quickly, and the particulate matter molecules are easily attached to the equipment or deposited on the ground surface, thus making the reduction rate of the particulate matter concentration in the air faster. Therefore, when the temperature rises, compared with the standard at the same environmental temperature, the decline rate of the particulate matter concentration in the air will accelerate; while when the environmental temperature drops, compared with the standard at the same environmental temperature, the decline rate of the particulate matter concentration in the air will slow down.

[0047] Therefore, the change in environmental temperature will affect the effect of subsequently reducing the concentration of particulate matter molecules in the air by reducing the equipment operation speed. Therefore, in one embodiment, it further includes a temperature detection module. The temperature detection module is electrically connected to the main control module. The temperature detection module is used to detect the environmental temperature in real time and transmit the environmental temperature to the main control module;

[0048] The main control module presets an environmental temperature - particulate matter concentration curve of the rated particulate matter concentration varying with temperature. Here, the environmental temperature - particulate matter concentration curve is calculated in a test environment. By setting the rated operation speed of the equipment, the particulate matter concentration in the air and the environmental temperature in the workshop are detected to obtain the change trend curve of the particulate matter concentration in the air varying with the environmental temperature at this rated speed. This trend curve represents the influence of the environmental temperature change on the particulate matter concentration in the air at the rated operation speed of the equipment. It is necessary to set the trends of the particulate matter concentration in the air varying with the environmental temperature under multiple sets of equipment operation speeds. The main control module combines the environmental temperature with the environmental temperature - particulate matter concentration curve. At the rated operation speed of the equipment, by making the total attenuation amount of the particulate matter molecules in the air greater than the total increase amount, the reduction of the particulate matter concentration in the air is achieved.

[0049] The main control module calculates and corrects the deceleration time and deceleration amount according to the influence factor of the environmental temperature on the particulate matter concentration in the environmental temperature - particulate matter concentration curve and respectively generates the corrected deceleration time and corrected deceleration amount.

[0050] Since the device dissipates heat during operation, after the device has been running for a period of time, the ambient temperature in the workshop will rise relative to the original ambient temperature. It also includes a device work data acquisition module, which is electrically connected to the main control module. The device work data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time device work data and transmit the real-time device work data to the main control module. The main control module, based on the real-time device work data, here the heat generation data is the data in the device operation parameters that affects the heat generation of the device during work, including the operating power and the operating time. The main control module calculates the heat generation of the device within a certain working time according to the device work data combined with the heat conversion equation;

[0051] The main control module establishes a device heat generation - ambient temperature - time curve between the real-time device heat generation and the real-time ambient temperature. The main control module, based on the device heat generation - ambient temperature - time curve, combined with when the device is running at the current speed, obtains its real-time device work data, and then calculates the changing trend of the ambient temperature over time according to the real-time device work data.

[0052] Here, regarding the influence of the device work heat generation on the ambient temperature, the device work data - ambient temperature curve can be simulated and calculated through historical data to obtain the influence trend of the ambient temperature change affected by the device work heat generation, and further the changing trend of the ambient temperature change over time.

[0053] Since the temperature of the raw material needs to be controlled to keep it within a specific temperature range during the extrusion molding process of activated carbon, therefore, in one embodiment, it also includes a historical data acquisition module and a raw material temperature control module, and the historical data acquisition module and the raw material temperature control module are respectively electrically connected to the main control module;

[0054] The historical data acquisition module is used to acquire historical data and transmit the historical data to the main control module. The historical data includes the historical device work data and the historical raw material temperature data of the device;

[0055] The main control module is used to generate a device work - raw material temperature - time curve by combining the historical data;

[0056] The main control module, based on the device work - raw material temperature - time curve, combined with the real-time device work data, predicts the changing trend of the raw material temperature within a certain period of time in the future;

[0057] The main control module generates a temperature adjustment instruction according to the difference between the predicted changing trend of the raw material temperature and the preset raw material temperature range. This temperature adjustment instruction makes the predicted future raw material temperature within the preset raw material temperature range. Here, the preset raw material temperature range is the temperature range required for the activated carbon raw material of the activated carbon molding device.

[0058] The temperature control module is used to control the actuator in the main body of the forming device for controlling the temperature of the raw material. It receives the temperature adjustment instruction from the main control module and executes the temperature adjustment instruction to regulate the temperature of the raw material. The actuator for controlling the temperature of the raw material generally includes a heat preservation box for heat preservation of the raw material or other heat preservation equipment. The temperature control can control its operating parameters. The temperature control module analyzes the temperature adjustment instruction and controls the operating parameters of the actuator to achieve the control of the temperature of the raw material.

[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments by using the above-disclosed technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid prototyping device for producing energy-saving and environmentally friendly columnar activated carbon, characterized in that: It includes a molding device body, a main control module for controlling the molding device body, and a particle detection module; The particle detection module is used to detect the particle concentration change data in the air during a period of time when the molding device body runs at rated speed, and upload it to the main control module to generate a growth curve of the particle concentration accumulated over time; The main control module pre-stores a decay curve of the particle concentration decreasing with speed and time when the main body of the molding device is in the running state of each low-speed node; The main control module calculates the particulate matter concentration exceeding standard data according to the growth curve, and then calculates the deceleration amount based on the pre-stored attenuation curve. The main control module generates a deceleration instruction according to the deceleration amount, and outputs the deceleration instruction to control the main body of the molding device to slow down.

2. The energy-saving and environment-friendly rapid prototyping device for producing columnar activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module calculates the deceleration time and deceleration amount according to the exceeding concentration value of the particle concentration, the growth curve and the decay curve.

3. The energy-saving and environment-friendly rapid prototyping device for producing columnar activated carbon according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main control module calculates the time difference between the current time node and the time node when the particulate matter concentration exceeds the standard according to the growth curve, and the time difference is calibrated as the adjustment time.

4. A rapid prototyping device for producing energy-saving and environment-friendly columnar activated carbon according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature detection module, which is electrically connected to the main control module, and is used to detect the ambient temperature in real time and transmit the ambient temperature to the main control module; The main control module is preset with an ambient temperature-particulate matter concentration curve in which the rated particulate matter concentration varies with temperature. The main control module calculates and corrects the deceleration time and deceleration amount according to the ambient temperature in combination with the ambient temperature-particulate matter concentration curve and generates a corrected deceleration time and a corrected deceleration amount respectively.

5. The energy-saving and environment-friendly rapid prototyping device for producing columnar activated carbon according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ambient temperature-particle concentration curve indicates that the concentration of particles in the air is affected by changes in ambient temperature at the rated operating speed of the equipment.

6. The energy-saving and environment-friendly rapid prototyping device for producing columnar activated carbon according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an equipment work data acquisition module, which is electrically connected to the main control module, and is used to acquire real-time equipment work data and transmit the real-time equipment work data to the main control module, and the main control module calculates the equipment heat generation within a certain period of time according to the real-time equipment work data; The main control module establishes a device heat generation-ambient temperature-time curve between the real-time device heat generation and the real-time ambient temperature. The main control module calculates the trend of the ambient temperature change over time based on the device heat generation-ambient temperature-time curve and the real-time device working data.

7. The energy-saving and environment-friendly rapid prototyping device for producing columnar activated carbon according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a historical data acquisition module and a raw material temperature control module, wherein the historical data acquisition module and the raw material temperature control module are electrically connected to the main control module respectively; The historical data acquisition module is used to acquire historical data, which includes historical equipment working data and historical raw material temperature data of the equipment, and transmit the historical data to the main control module; The main control module is used to generate a curve of equipment workmanship-raw material temperature-time in combination with historical data; The main control module predicts the change trend of the raw material temperature in the future based on the equipment workmanship-raw material temperature-time curve and real-time equipment workmanship data; The main control module generates a temperature adjustment instruction according to the difference between the predicted change trend of the raw material temperature and the preset raw material temperature range, and the temperature adjustment instruction is used to control the predicted future raw material temperature to remain within the preset raw material temperature range; The temperature control module receives and executes the temperature adjustment instruction to regulate the temperature of the raw material.

8. The energy-saving and environment-friendly rapid prototyping device for producing columnar activated carbon according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle detection module includes a detection unit and a filtering unit. The detection unit is used to obtain the particle concentration, and the filtering unit is used to filter the particle concentration.

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