Whole-process modeling method and device for foundation pit and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a whole-process modeling method and device for a foundation pit and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of capital construction data analysis, and the method comprises the steps: building an initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM three-dimensional space model, setting model grid conditions with different capture capabilities according to the characteristics of the foundation pit and the influence of surrounding buildings, so as to achieve the matching of analysis demands, and achieving the whole-process modeling of the foundation pit. And the simulation prediction capability of the model is improved. According to the method, the degree of influence between the foundation pit and surrounding buildings is determined, engineering evaluation factors are assisted to screen excavation schemes, a unified scheme evaluation standard with data support is established, a basis is provided for adaptive adjustment of subsequent schemes, and the accuracy and adaptability of the foundation pit scheme are improved. In the excavation stage, input parameters of the model are continuously updated, the excavation scheme can be adjusted in time, in the foundation construction stage and the backfill stage, foundation construction information and backfill information can be simulated to guide construction, and the integrity of foundation pit engineering is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of infrastructure data analysis, and particularly to a whole-process modeling method, device, and storage medium for foundation pits. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in the construction of super high-rise buildings and the development of underground spaces, deep foundation pit projects have emerged continuously. The construction conditions are complex and changeable, posing higher requirements for the design and construction of the support system. The application of BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology provides a new solution for foundation pit projects. Through BIM technology, a three-dimensional visualization model of the foundation pit can be established, covering information such as geological structure, support structure, and construction site, realizing digital management of the entire construction process. This technology not only improves construction accuracy and efficiency but also optimizes construction management and safety control, providing strong support for the safe and efficient construction of foundation pit projects. Therefore, the whole-process modeling scheme for foundation pits has become an indispensable part of modern construction projects.

[0003] In the prior art, the selection of foundation pit excavation schemes is often completed based on the experience or opinions of technicians, resulting in inconsistent evaluation criteria for the schemes and lack of unified and convincing data support, leading to poor accuracy and adaptability of the foundation pit schemes.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the accuracy and adaptability of foundation pit schemes is a technical problem to be solved currently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of poor accuracy and adaptability of foundation pit schemes caused by only manual screening in the prior art, and to propose a whole-process modeling method for foundation pits, which includes:

[0006] Defining the whole-process stages of the foundation pit, and dividing the whole-process stages of the foundation pit into a design stage, an excavation stage, a foundation construction stage, and a backfilling stage;

[0007] In the design stage, collecting foundation pit project information and surrounding building project information, establishing an initial three-dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM, determining the degree of influence between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, and determining the excavation scheme;

[0008] In the excavation stage, excavating according to the excavation scheme, setting multiple monitoring points on the initial three-dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM to collect key data generated during the excavation process, updating the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model, and adjusting the excavation scheme;

[0009] In the foundation construction stage and the backfilling stage, adding the data generated in the excavation stage to the foundation pit - surrounding BIM model, and outputting foundation construction information and backfilling information to guide the construction.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, an initial three-dimensional spatial model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM is established, including

[0011] The foundation pit engineering information includes foundation pit structure information and foundation pit location geological information. A three-dimensional geometric model is established in finite element software through the foundation pit structure information, foundation pit location geological information, and surrounding building engineering information. The mechanical parameters of each soil layer and the material properties of the supporting structure and building foundation are defined according to the foundation pit location geological information, and the boundary conditions of the model are set;

[0012] The three-dimensional geometric model is divided into three parts: the internal area of the foundation pit, the edge area of the foundation pit, and the surrounding building area. The grid capture conditions of the three parts of the internal area of the foundation pit, the edge area of the foundation pit, and the surrounding building area are determined, and the grid of the three-dimensional geometric model is set accordingly, completing the construction of the initial three-dimensional spatial model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the grid capture conditions of the three parts of the internal area of the foundation pit, the edge area of the foundation pit, and the surrounding building area are determined, including

[0014] For the internal area of the foundation pit, based on the volume inside the foundation pit, the basic grid capture level of the internal area of the foundation pit is determined, and the basic grid capture level is adapted and adjusted through each soil layer in the internal area of the foundation pit;

[0015] For the edge area of the foundation pit, the edge of the foundation pit and the edge of the surrounding building are confirmed. The shortest distance between the edge of the foundation pit and the edge of the surrounding building is calculated and denoted as the first distance. The distance between the center of the edge of the foundation pit and the center of the edge of the surrounding building is calculated and denoted as the second distance. The basic grid capture level is determined by combining the first distance and the second distance, and the basic grid capture level is adjusted through the type of the internal supporting structure of the foundation pit;

[0016] For the surrounding building area, the grid capture level is determined through the building foundation type, building load, and building volume;

[0017] Among them, the grid capture level describes the detailed capture ability of the grid, specifically a combination of different grid densities and grid sizes.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the influence degree between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings is determined, including

[0019] The excavation and support process is simulated through the initial three-dimensional spatial model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM, the changes in the model are analyzed, and the influence degree between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings is determined according to the changes;

[0020] The change conditions include the displacement change amount, the stress change amount, and the change amount of the force on the support structure. Multiple range positions are randomly selected within a preset range in the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area. The displacement change amount, the stress change amount, and the change amount of the force on the support structure at each range position are determined, and the comprehensive change amount is determined by combining the displacement change amount, the stress change amount, and the change amount of the force on the support structure.

[0021] Define the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings, which describes the strength of the correlation between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings.

[0022]

[0023] Among them, I is the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings, α1 and α2 are the respective combination weights of the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, n1 and n2 are the respective numbers of range positions in the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, are the comprehensive change amounts of the i1 - th and i2 - th range positions in the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area respectively, is the maximum value in is the maximum value in, and k1 is a preset constant.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, determining the excavation plan includes,

[0025] Inputting multiple pre - selected excavation plans into the initial three - dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM for simulation to obtain the direct engineering evaluation factors, the indirect engineering evaluation factors, and the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings;

[0026] Performing a quality score on the direct engineering evaluation factors, the indirect engineering evaluation factors, and the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings, and evaluating the overall score of each pre - selected excavation plan according to the quality score.

[0027]

[0028] Among them, P j0 is the overall score of the j0 - th pre - selected excavation plan, m1 and m2 are the numbers of the direct engineering evaluation factors and the indirect engineering evaluation factors respectively, are the contribution weights of the j1 - th direct engineering evaluation factor and the j2 - th indirect engineering evaluation factor respectively, are the quality scores of the j1 - th direct engineering evaluation factor and the j2 - th indirect engineering evaluation factor of the j0 - th pre - selected excavation plan respectively, τ j0 is the quality score determined by the median and the maximum value of the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings during the simulation process, and k2 is a preset constant;

[0029] Sort the overall scores of the preselected excavation plans, and use the preselected excavation plan with the maximum overall score as the excavation plan.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model is updated, and the excavation plan is adjusted, including,

[0031] Set the monitoring indicators, their corresponding normal ranges, and the control period in the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model through the excavation plan, input the real - time key data collected by the monitoring points into the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model for updating, and simulate and analyze the relationship between the subsequent monitoring indicators and their corresponding normal ranges;

[0032] When the monitoring indicator is within the normal range, do not adjust the excavation plan for the next control period;

[0033] Otherwise, adjust the excavation plan for the next control period.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the data generated during the excavation stage is added to the foundation pit - surrounding BIM model, and the foundation construction information and backfilling information are output to guide the construction, including,

[0035] Perform data analysis based on the foundation pit - surrounding BIM model, and output the foundation construction information and backfilling information;

[0036] The backfilling information includes backfilling materials, backfilling sequence, and backfilling compactness.

[0037] Correspondingly, a whole - process modeling device for a foundation pit is also provided, including,

[0038] The first module is used to define the whole - process stages of the foundation pit, and divide the whole - process stages of the foundation pit into a design stage, an excavation stage, a foundation construction stage, and a backfilling stage;

[0039] The second module is used to collect foundation pit engineering information and surrounding building engineering information during the design stage, establish an initial three - dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM, determine the influence degree between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, and determine the excavation plan;

[0040] The third module is used to perform excavation through the excavation plan during the excavation stage, set multiple monitoring points on the initial three - dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM to collect the key data generated during the excavation process, update the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model, and adjust the excavation plan;

[0041] The fourth module is used to add the data generated during the excavation stage to the foundation pit - surrounding BIM model during the foundation construction stage and the backfilling stage, and output the foundation construction information and backfilling information to guide the construction.

[0042] A computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by an electronic device including a plurality of application programs, the electronic device is caused to execute the above-described method.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0044] 1. Establish an initial three-dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM. According to the characteristics of the foundation pit itself and the influence of surrounding buildings, set the model grid conditions with different capture capabilities to match the analysis requirements and improve the simulation and prediction capabilities of the model. Determine the degree of influence between the foundation pit and surrounding buildings, and assist engineering evaluation factors to screen excavation plans, establishing a unified and data-supported plan evaluation standard, providing a basis for the adaptive adjustment of subsequent plans, and improving the accuracy and adaptability of the foundation pit plan.

[0045] 2. During the excavation stage, continuously update the input parameters of the model, and be able to adjust the excavation plan in a timely manner. During the foundation construction stage and the backfilling stage, the foundation construction information and backfilling information can be simulated to guide the construction, ensuring the integrity of the foundation pit project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a whole-process modeling method for a foundation pit proposed by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a whole-process modeling device for a foundation pit proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0048] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0049] Referring to Figure 1 , a whole-process modeling method for a foundation pit includes the following steps

[0050] Step S101, define the whole-process stages of the foundation pit, and divide the whole-process stages of the foundation pit into a design stage, an excavation stage, a foundation construction stage, and a backfilling stage.

[0051] In this embodiment, a foundation pit is a term in geotechnical engineering, referring to a space excavated downward from the ground for the construction of the underground part of a building (structure). The following is a detailed explanation of the foundation pit:

[0052] I. Definition and Classification

[0053] Definition: A foundation pit is an earth pit excavated at the design position of the foundation according to the base elevation and the foundation plan dimensions.

[0054] Classification: According to the different excavation depths, foundation pits can be divided into shallow foundation pits and deep foundation pits. Generally, a shallow foundation pit refers to a foundation pit with an excavation depth within 5m, while a deep foundation pit refers to a foundation pit with an excavation depth exceeding 5m (including 5m).

[0055] II. Functions and Characteristics

[0056] Function: The main function of the foundation pit is to provide a space for the masonry operation of the foundation to be carried out at the position specified by the design. It is an important step in the construction of the underground part of a building.

[0057] Characteristics: The foundation pit belongs to a temporary project, and various factors such as geology, hydrology, and the surrounding environment need to be considered during its excavation and support process. At the same time, as the excavation depth of the foundation pit increases, the design and construction of its retaining structure become more and more complex.

[0058] During the design stage, adopt advanced geological exploration technologies to obtain detailed geological profiles and hydrological data, comprehensively evaluate the structural types, foundation forms, relative positions to the foundation pit, and their sensitivities to the foundation pit excavation of surrounding buildings. Consider other surrounding environmental factors such as underground pipelines and transportation facilities. Based on the exploration data and the evaluation of the surrounding environment, formulate multiple sets of support and excavation plans. Use BIM technology for three-dimensional modeling to simulate the foundation pit stability and the stress conditions of the retaining structure under different plans. Select the optimal plan and consider reserving adjustment space to cope with the uncertainties during the construction process.

[0059] During the excavation stage, use construction simulation software to detail the simulation of excavation sequences, the construction process of the retaining structure, and dewatering treatment, etc. Consider the impacts of construction techniques, material properties, soil displacement, and groundwater level changes on the construction process. Arrange dense monitoring points around the foundation pit and on the retaining structure to monitor key parameters such as deformation, displacement, and stress in real time. Establish a data analysis and early warning system to adjust construction parameters and the retaining structure in a timely manner according to the monitoring data.

[0060] During the foundation construction stage and the backfilling stage, use BIM technology to simulate the construction process of the foundation structure to ensure the rationality of the construction sequence and techniques. Consider the interaction between the foundation structure and the retaining structure to ensure stability during the construction process. Selection and compaction of backfill materials: According to the foundation pit stability and later use requirements, select appropriate backfill materials. Develop a detailed backfilling plan, including backfilling sequence, compaction methods, and quality control measures.

[0061] Step S102, during the design stage, collect foundation pit engineering information and surrounding building engineering information, establish an initial three-dimensional spatial model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM, determine the influence degree between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, and determine the excavation plan.

[0062] In this embodiment, the foundation pit engineering information and the surrounding building engineering information, and the foundation pit structure information are determined information such as the foundation pit size and location. The foundation pit location geological information includes underground related information such as geology, water layer, and soil layer. The surrounding building engineering information is the building information near the foundation pit, including information such as building engineering, foundation structure conditions, loads, and dimensions.

[0063] In this embodiment, the influence of foundation pit excavation on surrounding buildings, soil displacement and building settlement. Foundation pit excavation will cause a change in the stress state of the surrounding soil, which may in turn trigger soil displacement. If this displacement is transmitted to the foundation of the surrounding building, it will cause the building to settle or tilt. The extrusion of the supporting structure on the building: When excavating the foundation pit, in order to maintain the stability of the foundation pit, a supporting structure (such as a diaphragm wall, soil nail wall, etc.) is usually set up. These supporting structures may have an extrusion effect on the surrounding buildings during the construction process, especially when the distance between the supporting structure and the building is relatively close. The influence of building loads on the stability of the foundation pit: The loads of surrounding buildings are transmitted to the soil around the foundation pit through the foundation, which affects the stability of the foundation pit. Especially when the building loads are large or unevenly distributed, it may exacerbate the deformation and instability risks of the foundation pit.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, an initial three-dimensional spatial model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM is established, including

[0065] The foundation pit engineering information includes foundation pit structure information and foundation pit location geological information. A three-dimensional geometric model is established in finite element software through the foundation pit structure information, foundation pit location geological information, and surrounding building engineering information. The mechanical parameters of each soil layer and the material properties of the supporting structure and building foundation are defined according to the foundation pit location geological information, and the boundary conditions of the model are set;

[0066] The three-dimensional geometric model is divided into three parts: the internal area of the foundation pit, the edge area of the foundation pit, and the surrounding building area, and the grid capture conditions of the three parts of the internal area of the foundation pit, the edge area of the foundation pit, and the surrounding building area are determined, and the grid of the three-dimensional geometric model is set accordingly to complete the construction of the initial three-dimensional spatial model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM.

[0067] In this embodiment, according to the complexity and precision requirements of the project, a suitable finite element analysis software is selected, such as ABAQUS, ANSYS, etc. Establish a geometric model: According to the actual dimensions and shapes of the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, establish a three-dimensional geometric model in the software. Ensure that the soil layers, support structures, building foundations, etc. in the model are consistent with the actual situation. Define material properties: According to the geological exploration report, define accurate physical and mechanical parameters for each soil layer, such as density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc. Define corresponding material properties for the support structure and the building foundation, such as the elastic modulus of steel, the strength of concrete, etc. Set boundary conditions and loads: According to the actual situation, set the boundary conditions of the model, such as the fixed boundary and free boundary of the stratum. Consider the load changes during the foundation pit excavation process, such as earth pressure, water pressure, the reaction force of the support structure, etc.

[0068] In this embodiment, the internal area of the foundation pit is the main internal area of the foundation pit, and the edge area of the foundation pit is the contact area between the edge of the foundation pit and the surrounding area.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, the mesh capture conditions of the three parts of the internal area of the foundation pit, the edge area of the foundation pit, and the surrounding building area are determined, including

[0070] For the internal area of the foundation pit, based on the volume inside the foundation pit, determine the basic mesh capture level of the internal area of the foundation pit, and adaptively adjust the basic mesh capture level through each soil layer in the internal area of the foundation pit;

[0071] For the edge area of the foundation pit, confirm the edge of the foundation pit and the edge of the surrounding building, calculate the shortest distance between the edge of the foundation pit and the edge of the surrounding building, denoted as the first distance, calculate the distance between the center of the edge of the foundation pit and the center of the edge of the surrounding building, denoted as the second distance, and determine the basic mesh capture level by combining the first distance and the second distance, and adjust the basic mesh capture level through the type of the support structure inside the foundation pit;

[0072] For the surrounding building area, determine the mesh capture level through the type of building foundation, the building load, and the building volume;

[0073] Among them, the mesh capture level describes the detailed capture ability of the mesh, specifically a combination of different mesh densities and mesh sizes.

[0074] In this embodiment, a reasonable mesh division is performed on the model to ensure calculation accuracy and efficiency. The size of the mesh generally refers to the size of a single mesh element in the model, such as length, width, and height. In the foundation pit model, the size of the mesh directly affects the refinement degree of the simulation. Smaller meshes can capture the subtle deformations and stress changes of the soil more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation. However, overly small meshes will also significantly increase the computational amount, resulting in an extended calculation time. The density of the mesh refers to the number and distribution of mesh elements in the model. In the foundation pit model, the density of the mesh directly affects the resolution and accuracy of the simulation. Denser meshes can describe the spatial distribution and deformation characteristics of the soil in more detail, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation. However, overly dense meshes will also significantly increase the computational amount and storage requirements, reducing the calculation efficiency.

[0075] In this embodiment, based on the volume inside the foundation pit, the mesh base capture level of the internal area of the foundation pit is determined. Larger foundation pits may require denser meshes to capture the deformations and stress changes of the deep soil. The mesh base capture level is adaptively adjusted through each soil layer in the internal area of the foundation pit. Different types of soils, such as soft soil and sandy soil, have different mechanical properties, which will affect the mesh settings. For example, the soft soil area may require denser meshes to simulate its larger deformations. Specific adjustments of the soil layer are made at the mesh base capture level.

[0076] In this embodiment, between the edge of the foundation pit and the edge of the surrounding building, the shortest distance and the central distance between the two are calculated, and the combination of the two distances is used as the distance of the indirect contact surface (between the foundation pit and the surrounding building) to determine a mesh base capture level. The closer this distance is, the higher the level, indicating a stronger correlation and the need for detailed analysis. The type of support structure has a significant impact on the soil deformation and stress distribution. Different types of support structures (such as retaining walls, anchor rods, supports, etc.) have different restraint effects on the soil, which will lead to differences in soil deformation and stress distribution. Therefore, when setting the mesh, we need to adjust the density and size of the mesh according to the type of support structure. The mesh base capture level is adopted for the part without a support structure in the edge area of the foundation pit.

[0077] In this embodiment, the mesh capture level is determined by the building foundation type, building load, and building volume. Different types of foundations (such as shallow foundations, deep foundations, etc.) have different restraint effects on the soil, which will affect the mesh settings. For example, denser meshes may be required near deep foundations to simulate the interaction between the foundation and the soil. The load condition of the building will affect the stress distribution and deformation of the soil. Therefore, the mesh also needs to be appropriately densified in areas with larger loads.

[0078] It should be noted that finite element software is a tool for constructing three-dimensional geometric models to simulate and analyze complex physical phenomena (such as structural stress, heat conduction, fluid dynamics, etc.). These software construct mathematical models, decompose complex physical problems into many small and more manageable parts (i.e., finite elements), then solve each element, and finally combine these solutions to obtain an approximate solution to the entire problem. BIM, that is, Building Information Modeling, is a digital model integrating information throughout the life cycle of building design, construction, operation, etc. It is not just a three-dimensional visualization tool, but also a database containing all relevant information of a building project (such as geometry, physics, functional characteristics, etc.). BIM technology enables project participants to collaborate on a unified platform, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of the project. Integrating the three-dimensional geometric model of finite element analysis into BIM, many finite element analysis software and BIM platforms support common data exchange formats, such as IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) or STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data). These formats can serve as bridges to achieve data exchange between the finite element analysis model and the BIM model. In the BIM environment, the structural analysis model generated by finite element analysis software can be directly imported to evaluate the performance and safety of the building structure. This helps to discover potential design problems in the early stage of the project and optimize the design scheme. By combining the finite element analysis model with the construction plan in BIM, the structural changes during the construction process can be simulated, possible construction problems can be predicted, and corresponding solutions can be formulated. Finally, the foundation pit - surrounding BIM model is obtained.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, determining the influence degree between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings includes,

[0080] Simulating the excavation and support process through the initial three-dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM, analyzing the changes in the model, and determining the influence degree between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings according to the changes;

[0081] The changes include displacement change amount, stress change amount, and change amount of the force on the support structure. Randomly select multiple range positions within a preset range in the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, determine the displacement change amount, stress change amount, and change amount of the force on the support structure at each range position, and combine the displacement change amount, stress change amount, and change amount of the force on the support structure to determine the comprehensive change amount;

[0082] Define the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings, and the influence degree describes the strength of the association between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings;

[0083]

[0084] Wherein, I is the influence degree of the foundation pit on the surrounding buildings, α1 and α2 are the respective combination weights of the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, n1 and n2 are the respective numbers of range positions of the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, are the comprehensive change amounts of the i1-th and i2-th range positions in the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area respectively, is the maximum value in is the maximum value in, and k1 is a preset constant.

[0085] In this embodiment, the displacement change amount: During the excavation of the foundation pit, measure the displacement change amount of the soil body, including the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement. Stress change amount: Analyze the stress changes generated by the excavation of the foundation pit on the surrounding soil and buildings, including compressive stress, tensile stress, etc. Force change amount of the support structure: Monitor the force changes of the support structure during the excavation of the foundation pit, including bending moment, shear force, etc. Determine the comprehensive change amount by combining the displacement change amount, the stress change amount and the force change amount of the support structure. Here, weighted summation or weighted average can be used to determine the comprehensive change amount.

[0086] In this embodiment, establish a simulation scenario: In the BIM three-dimensional space model, input the specific content of a excavation plan for testing, and simulate the excavation process of the foundation pit, including the setting of the support structure, the excavation sequence, the dewatering measures, etc. Preset multiple range positions in the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, and these positions should cover the areas that may be significantly affected.

[0087] In this embodiment, combine the range positions in the two areas of the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, and correct the sum of the comprehensive change amounts of the two areas by the maximum comprehensive change amount in each of the two areas. The influence degree describes the strength of the correlation between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, that is, the strength of the influence of the foundation pit on the surrounding buildings.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, determine the excavation plan, including,

[0089] Input multiple preselected excavation plans into the initial three-dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM for simulation to obtain the direct engineering evaluation factors, the indirect engineering evaluation factors and the influence degree of the buildings surrounding the foundation pit;

[0090] Perform a quality score on the direct engineering evaluation factors, the indirect engineering evaluation factors and the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings, and evaluate the overall score of each preselected excavation plan according to the quality score;

[0091]

[0092] Wherein, Pj0 is the overall score of the j0-th preselected excavation plan, m1 and m2 are the numbers of direct engineering evaluation factors and indirect engineering evaluation factors respectively, are the contribution weights of the j1-th direct engineering evaluation factor and the j2-th indirect engineering evaluation factor respectively, are the quality scores of the j1-th direct engineering evaluation factor and the j2-th indirect engineering evaluation factor of the j0-th preselected excavation plan respectively, τ j0 is the quality score determined by the median and maximum value of the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings during the simulation process, and k2 is a preset constant;

[0093] Sort the overall scores of the preselected excavation plans, and take the preselected excavation plan with the largest overall score as the excavation plan.

[0094] In this embodiment, the preselected excavation plans specifically include detailed plans such as support excavation plans, dewatering plans, and earth excavation plans. The direct engineering evaluation factors include construction cost, construction period, safety, etc., and the indirect engineering evaluation factors include indirect environmental pollution factors such as noise, vibration, and dust that may be generated during the foundation pit excavation process. During the simulation process, the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings will change continuously. Here, the median and maximum value are collected and combined for scoring. represents the correction of the sum of the direct engineering evaluation factors and the indirect engineering evaluation factors by the influence degree of the foundation pit - surrounding buildings to obtain the overall score of the plan.

[0095] Step S103, during the excavation stage, excavate according to the excavation plan, set multiple monitoring points on the initial 3D spatial model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM to collect key data generated during the excavation process, update the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model, and adjust the excavation plan.

[0096] In this embodiment, automated monitoring equipment (such as sensors) is used to collect key data during the excavation process at the monitoring points in real time, such as displacement, stress, deformation, etc. Through the connection between the BIM model and the on-site monitoring equipment, automatic data upload and feedback are realized, reducing human intervention and errors. According to the real-time monitoring data, the BIM model is automatically updated to reflect the current excavation state and the changes in the surrounding environment.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, updating the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model and adjusting the excavation plan includes,

[0098] Set the monitoring indicators, their corresponding normal ranges, and control cycles in the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model through the excavation plan, input the real-time key data collected by the monitoring points into the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model for updating, and simulate and analyze the relationship between the subsequent monitoring indicators and their corresponding normal ranges;

[0099] When the monitored indicators are within the normal range, the excavation plan for the next control cycle is not adjusted;

[0100] Otherwise, adjust the excavation plan for the next control cycle.

[0101] In this embodiment, this model should include all relevant monitored indicators, such as soil displacement, groundwater level, stability of surrounding buildings, etc., and set a normal range for each indicator. At the same time, a control cycle also needs to be determined, which is the time interval for monitoring and evaluation. Using the updated BIM model, simulation analysis can be carried out to predict the change trend of subsequent monitored indicators. By comparing the simulation results with the set normal range, it can be evaluated whether the impact of the current excavation activity on the surrounding environment is within the controllable range. If the simulation analysis results show that all monitored indicators are within the normal range, it indicates that the current excavation plan is reasonable and does not need to be adjusted, and the excavation work for the next control cycle can continue according to the original plan. If one or some monitored indicators exceed the normal range, it indicates that there may be problems with the current excavation plan, and the excavation plan for the next control cycle (adjusting the excavation speed, strengthening the support structure, etc.) needs to be adjusted to ensure that the impact of the excavation activity on the surrounding environment is controlled within the safe range.

[0102] Step S104, in the foundation construction stage and the backfilling stage, add the data generated in the excavation stage to the foundation - surrounding BIM model, and output the foundation construction information and backfilling information to guide the construction.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present application, adding the data generated in the excavation stage to the foundation - surrounding BIM model and outputting the foundation construction information and backfilling information to guide the construction includes,

[0104] Performing data analysis based on the foundation - surrounding BIM model and outputting the foundation construction information and backfilling information;

[0105] The backfilling information includes backfilling materials, backfilling sequence, and backfilling compactness.

[0106] In this embodiment, for the foundation structure construction, use BIM technology to simulate the foundation structure construction process to ensure the rationality of the construction sequence and technology. Consider the interaction between the foundation structure and the support structure to ensure the stability during the construction process. In the backfilling stage, according to the data analysis results in the BIM model, output the backfilling information, including the selection of backfilling materials, backfilling sequence, backfilling compactness requirements, etc.

[0107] Correspondingly, a whole - process modeling device for the foundation pit is also provided, as Figure 2 shown, including,

[0108] The first module is used to define the whole process stages of the foundation pit, and divide the whole process stages of the foundation pit into a design stage, an excavation stage, a foundation construction stage and a backfilling stage;

[0109] The second module is used to collect foundation pit engineering information and surrounding building engineering information during the design stage, establish an initial three-dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM, determine the influence degree between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, and determine the excavation plan;

[0110] The third module is used to carry out excavation according to the excavation plan during the excavation stage, set a plurality of monitoring points on the initial three-dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM to collect key data generated during the excavation process, update the initial foundation pit - surrounding BIM model, and adjust the excavation plan;

[0111] The fourth module is used to add the data generated during the excavation stage to the foundation pit - surrounding BIM model during the foundation construction stage and the backfilling stage, and output foundation construction information and backfilling information to guide the construction.

[0112] A computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by an electronic device including a plurality of application programs, the electronic device executes the above method.

[0113] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0114] 1. An initial three-dimensional space model of the foundation pit - surrounding BIM is established. According to the characteristics of the foundation pit itself and the influence of the surrounding buildings, the model grid conditions with different capture capabilities are set to match the analysis requirements and improve the simulation and prediction capabilities of the model. Determine the influence degree between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, assist the engineering evaluation factors to screen the excavation plan, establish a unified and data-supported plan evaluation standard, provide a basis for the adaptive adjustment of subsequent plans, and improve the accuracy and adaptability of the foundation pit plan.

[0115] 2. During the excavation stage, continuously update the input parameters of the model, be able to adjust the excavation plan in a timely manner, and during the foundation construction stage and the backfilling stage, can simulate the foundation construction information and backfilling information to guide the construction, ensuring the integrity of the foundation pit project.

[0116] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented by hardware or by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.), including several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various implementation scenarios of the present invention.

[0117] Those skilled in the art can understand that the drawings are only schematic diagrams of a preferred implementation scenario, and the modules or processes in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing the present invention.

[0118] Those skilled in the art can understand that the modules in the system in the implementation scenario can be distributed in the system of the implementation scenario according to the description of the implementation scenario, or can be correspondingly changed and located in one or more systems different from this implementation scenario. The modules in the above implementation scenario can be combined into one module, or can be further split into multiple sub-modules.

[0119] The above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes an equivalent substitution or change, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-process modeling method for a foundation pit, characterized in that: include, Define the whole process of foundation pit, and divide the whole process of foundation pit into design stage, excavation stage, foundation construction stage and backfill stage; In the design stage, the foundation pit engineering information and surrounding construction engineering information are collected to establish the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM three-dimensional space model, determine the impact between the foundation pit and surrounding buildings, and determine the excavation plan; During the excavation phase, excavation is carried out according to the excavation plan. Multiple monitoring points are set on the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM three-dimensional space model to collect key data generated during the excavation process, update the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM model, and adjust the excavation plan. During the foundation construction and backfilling stages, the data generated during the excavation stage is added to the foundation pit-surrounding BIM model, and the foundation construction information and backfilling information are output to guide the construction.

2. The full-process modeling method of foundation pit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Establish the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM 3D spatial model, including: The foundation pit engineering information includes the foundation pit structure information and the foundation pit location geological information. A three-dimensional geometric model is established in the finite element software through the foundation pit structure information, the foundation pit location geological information and the surrounding building engineering information. The mechanical parameters of each soil layer and the material properties of the support structure and the building foundation are defined according to the foundation pit location geological information, and the boundary conditions of the model are set; The 3D geometric model is divided into three parts: the inner area of ​​the foundation pit, the edge area of ​​the foundation pit and the surrounding building area. The grid capture status of the three parts, namely the inner area of ​​the foundation pit, the edge area of ​​the foundation pit and the surrounding building area, is determined to set the grid of the 3D geometric model and complete the construction of the initial 3D space model of the foundation pit-surrounding BIM.

3. The full-process modeling method of foundation pit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: And determine the grid capture conditions of the three parts of the foundation pit internal area, the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, including: For the internal area of ​​the foundation pit, the grid foundation capture level of the internal area of ​​the foundation pit is determined based on the volume of the internal area of ​​the foundation pit, and the grid foundation capture level is adjusted according to the various soil layers in the internal area of ​​the foundation pit; For the edge area of ​​the foundation pit, confirm the edge of the foundation pit and the edge of the surrounding buildings, calculate the shortest distance between the edge of the foundation pit and the edge of the surrounding buildings, record it as the first distance, calculate the distance between the edge of the foundation pit and the center of the edge of the surrounding buildings, record it as the second distance, determine the grid foundation capture level in combination with the first distance and the second distance, and adjust the grid foundation capture level according to the type of support structure in the foundation pit; For the surrounding building area, the grid snapping level is determined by the building foundation type, building load and building volume; The grid capture level describes the detail capture capability of the grid, which is specifically a combination of different grid densities and grid sizes.

4. The full-process modeling method of foundation pit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Determine the impact between the foundation pit and surrounding buildings, including: The excavation and support process is simulated through the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM three-dimensional spatial model, the changes in the model are analyzed, and the degree of influence between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings is determined according to the changes; The changes include displacement changes, stress changes and support structure force changes. Multiple range positions are randomly selected within a preset range in the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area to determine the displacement changes, stress changes and support structure force changes at each range position. The comprehensive changes are determined by combining the displacement changes, stress changes and support structure force changes. Define the impact degree between foundation pit and surrounding buildings. The impact degree describes the strength of the relationship between the foundation pit and surrounding buildings. Among them, I is the influence degree of foundation pit-surrounding buildings, α1 and α2 are the combined weights of the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, n1 and n2 are the number of range locations of the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, are the comprehensive changes of the i1th and i2th range positions in the foundation pit edge area and the surrounding building area, respectively. for The maximum value in for The maximum value in , k1 is a preset constant.

5. The whole process modeling method of foundation pit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Determine the excavation plan, including, Input multiple pre-selected excavation schemes into the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM three-dimensional space model for simulation, and obtain the direct evaluation factors of the project, the indirect evaluation factors of the project and the influence degree of the foundation pit-surrounding buildings; Score the direct evaluation factors of the project, the indirect evaluation factors of the project and the degree of influence between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, and evaluate the overall score of each pre-selected excavation plan based on the scores; Among them, P j0 is the overall score of the j0th pre-selected mining scheme, m1 and m2 are the number of engineering direct evaluation factors and engineering indirect evaluation factors respectively, are the contribution weights of the direct evaluation factors of the j1th project and the indirect evaluation factors of the j2th project, respectively. are the quality scores of the j1th engineering direct evaluation factor and the j2th engineering indirect evaluation factor of the j0th pre-selected mining solution, τ j0 is the merit score determined by the median and maximum values ​​of the impact degree between foundation pit and surrounding buildings during the simulation process, and k2 is a preset constant; The overall scores of the pre-selected mining solutions are sorted, and the pre-selected mining solution with the largest overall score is used as the mining solution.

6. The whole process modeling method of foundation pit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Update the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM model and adjust the excavation plan, including: The initial monitoring indicators and their corresponding normal ranges and control cycles in the foundation pit-surrounding BIM model are set through the excavation plan, and the real-time key data collected by the monitoring points are input into the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM model for updating, and the relationship between the subsequent monitoring indicators and their corresponding normal ranges is simulated and analyzed; When the monitoring indicators are within the normal range, the mining plan for the next control cycle will not be adjusted; Otherwise, adjust the mining plan for the next control cycle.

7. The whole process modeling method of foundation pit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data generated during the excavation phase is added to the foundation pit-surrounding BIM model, and foundation construction information and backfill information are output to guide construction, including: Perform data analysis based on the foundation pit-surrounding BIM model and output foundation construction information and backfill information; Backfill information includes backfill material, backfill sequence and backfill density.

8. A full-process modeling device for foundation pit, characterized in that: include, The first module is used to define the whole process of the foundation pit, which is divided into the design stage, excavation stage, foundation construction stage and backfill stage; The second module is used to collect foundation pit engineering information and surrounding building engineering information during the design phase, establish an initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM three-dimensional space model, determine the degree of impact between the foundation pit and surrounding buildings, and determine the excavation plan; The third module is used to perform excavation according to the excavation plan during the excavation phase, set multiple monitoring points on the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM three-dimensional space model to collect key data generated during the excavation process, update the initial foundation pit-surrounding BIM model, and adjust the excavation plan; The fourth module is used to add the data generated in the excavation phase to the foundation pit-surrounding BIM model during the foundation construction phase and backfill phase, and output the foundation construction information and backfill information to guide the construction.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, which, when executed by an electronic device including a plurality of application programs, enable the electronic device to execute any one of the methods of claims 1-7.

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