Electrochemical batch edge burr removing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical machining and manufacturing, in particular to a device for electrochemically removing edge burrs in batches. The problems that in the prior art, various complex parts cannot be machined at the same time, the cathode installation efficiency is low, and a flow field is unstable and uneven are solved. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a flow guide device, a flow guide fixing plate, an air pressure adjusting device and a cathode and anode conductive device; three stages of communicated flow guide cavities are formed in the flow guide device from bottom to top, a flow guide fixing plate is arranged above the flow guide device, and a workpiece and the flow guide device are fixed through the flow guide fixing plate; air pressure adjusting devices with the same number as the workpieces are uniformly distributed above the flow guide fixing plate along the circumference; a cathode assembly is arranged above the air pressure adjusting device, an anode conductive device is arranged between the air pressure adjusting device and the cathode assembly, the number of anode conductive columns on the anode conductive device is the same as that of workpieces, and the anode conductive columns correspondingly penetrate through the cathode assembly and holes in the corresponding air pressure adjusting device to be connected with the workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical machining and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a device for electrochemically batch removing edge burrs. Background Art

[0002] During traditional machining processes, micron-sized burrs formed at the edges of complex parts will seriously affect the assembly accuracy and service performance of the parts. Currently, for the deburring process of the edges of small-sized complex parts, tools such as files and belt sanders are mainly used for mechanical grinding. The processing efficiency is low, it is difficult to achieve high-precision removal of micro burrs, and such deburring may also damage the geometric accuracy of the parts. Electrochemical machining technology is applied to the field of deburring complex parts due to its non-contact and non-thermal influence characteristics.

[0003] Existing electrochemical deburring devices selectively remove burrs by electrolytes under the action of an electric field. Utilizing the characteristic that the current density at the burr part is relatively large, the directional removal of burrs is realized. The burr removal process only relies on the electrochemical reaction, and there is no cutting force acting on the workpiece surface, which can avoid the problems of brittle material fracture and deformation of thin-walled parts. It is especially suitable for the burr treatment of difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloys and nickel-based superalloys.

[0004] Electrochemical machining technology is an effective method for removing edge burrs of complex parts. Existing electrochemical devices for edge burrs include a shunt device and a special electrode. Each shunt chamber in the shunt device is arranged in a certain form, and multiple parts can be processed simultaneously. However, when processing various complex-shaped parts with this shunt device, the electrodes need to be replaced multiple times, resulting in poor flow field stability and uneven distribution. The patent application number is "202010730309.1", and the patent name is "An Electrochemical Deburring Machine". The position of the flow guiding member is adjusted through a turntable, a rotating frame, and a moving block, and the cathode member is fixed by combining a metal shaping hose to meet the processing requirements of different workpieces. In its technical solution, precise positioning of the liquid outlet head is achieved by using a fine-tuning ball and a rotating head, and the position of the cathode member is adjusted through the cooperation of a chuck and a bottom block. However, there are the following problems:

[0005] 1. Low installation efficiency of the cathode member: The cathode member needs to be manually installed with a stud in the screw groove of the bottom block, and each time it is replaced, the direction of the metal shaping hose needs to be readjusted. For batch processing scenarios, the clamping time is relatively long, affecting the production efficiency.

[0006] 2. Unsatisfactory burr removal effect: Although the flow guiding member supports the adjustment of the position of the liquid outlet head, no filtering or separation device is designed, and the electrolyte flow rate is not easy to control, which will lead to uneven electrolyte supply and insufficient consistency, affecting the burr removal effect.

[0007] 3. Low deburring efficiency: The device cannot achieve batch deburring, has a poor deburring effect on complex parts, and there will be incomplete burr removal, resulting in low deburring efficiency and poor effect.

[0008] Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an electrochemical device for batch deburring to solve the efficiency and consistency problems of deburring the edges of complex parts by optimizing the diversion structure and flow field control.

[0009] Content of the invention patent

[0010] The present invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art such as the inability to process multiple complex parts simultaneously, low cathode installation efficiency, and unstable and uneven flow fields, and provides a device for electrochemical batch deburring of edge burrs.

[0011] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An electrochemical batch deburring device for edge burrs, characterized by comprising a diversion device, a diversion fixing plate, a pneumatic adjustment device, an anode conduction device, and a cathode assembly;

[0012] Inside the diversion device, a first-level diversion cavity, a second-level diversion cavity, and a detachable diversion cavity that are connected are arranged from bottom to top. The bottommost first-level diversion cavity is distributed in a truncated conical shape, and a round hole is provided at the lower part of the first-level diversion cavity as the electrolyte inlet; the upper part of the first-level diversion cavity is also a second-level diversion cavity distributed in a truncated conical shape and is connected to the first-level diversion cavity. The number of second-level diversion cavities is the same as the number of workpieces to be processed. The detachable diversion cavity is connected above the second-level diversion cavity and is concentric with the workpiece;

[0013] Above the diversion device, a diversion fixing plate is provided to fix the workpiece and the diversion device through the diversion fixing plate; above the diversion fixing plate, a pneumatic adjustment device with the same number as the workpieces is evenly distributed along the circumference; above the pneumatic adjustment device, a cathode assembly is provided. The cathode assembly includes a cathode disk. Along the circumference of the lower surface of the cathode disk, a cathode plate connection column assembly with the same number as the workpieces is evenly distributed. Below the cathode connection column assembly, a cathode plate assembly with the same number as the workpieces is provided. An anode conduction device is arranged between the pneumatic adjustment device and the cathode assembly. The number of anode conduction columns on the anode conduction device is the same as the number of workpieces and correspondingly passes through the cathode plate assembly and the holes on the corresponding pneumatic adjustment device to connect the workpieces.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper end of the diversion device is provided with detachable diversion cavities equal in number to the number of workpieces. Each detachable diversion cavity includes a detachable workpiece fixture and an external fixture base. The external fixture base is fan-shaped, and adjacent two sectors are connected by a snap structure. The detachable workpiece fixture is fixedly arranged in the hollow cavity of the external fixture base. Four truncated conical holes are evenly distributed on its circumference for the electrolyte to flow through. The workpiece to be processed passes through the center of the detachable workpiece fixture, and a flow control device is arranged on the upper part of the detachable workpiece fixture.

[0015] Furthermore, the flow control device includes a number of flow control vanes and a dial ring. The circumference of the dial ring is evenly provided with waist-shaped grooves equal in number to the number of flow control vanes. A handle is also arranged on the dial ring. The rotating shafts on the flow control vanes are inserted into the corresponding waist-shaped grooves. By rotating the handle, the opening and closing of the flow control vanes are realized, and the uneven flow of the electrolyte in the flow channel is improved.

[0016] Furthermore, the air pressure regulating device includes a hollow T-shaped cylinder. The T-shaped cylinder is threadedly connected to the annular base and the axial height adjustment is realized through the thread. A cross through hole is arranged on the upper end surface of the T-shaped cylinder. The center of the cross through hole is a circular through hole. Circular holes or waist-shaped holes are arranged on the circumference of the small-diameter end of the T-shaped cylinder. Holes matching the circular holes or waist-shaped holes are arranged on the annular base as the electrolyte outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the cathode plate connection column assembly includes 4 cathode plate connection columns evenly distributed circumferentially; the cathode plate assembly includes 4 cathode plates evenly distributed circumferentially. The lower end surface of the cathode disc is threadedly connected to the cathode connection column. Each cathode connection column is threadedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding cathode plate. Springs are arranged on the upper ends of the cathode plates. The anode conductive column is located at the center of the 4 cathode plates evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0018] Furthermore, a cross through hole for the cathode plate assembly to pass through is arranged on the diversion fixing plate. The center of the cross through hole is a circular through hole. The central circular through hole is used for the positioning of the anode conductive column.

[0019] Furthermore, the anode conductive device includes an anode conductive plate. Threaded holes are arranged at the lower end of the anode conductive plate. The anode conductive column is arranged in the threaded hole.

[0020] Furthermore, the snap structure includes a snap block and a snap groove. The snap block is provided with a chamfered guiding surface, which can realize quick positioning and installation. The snap block and the snap groove are fixed by interference fit.

[0021] Furthermore, the lower end of the cathode plate is a rounded corner structure. The working area of the cathode plate is completely exposed, and an epoxy resin insulating layer with a thickness of 0.2 - 0.5 mm is applied to the non-working area.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention patent are as follows:

[0023] 1) The present invention uses a three - stage diversion cavity to divert the electrolyte. Through a flow field control system of primary flow equalization, secondary voltage stabilization, and tertiary precise distribution, the primary diversion cavity is used for electrolyte flow equalization, the secondary diversion cavity is used for voltage stabilization, and the detachable diversion cavity realizes the precise distribution of the electrolyte to the workpiece edge through a truncated conical flow channel, enabling the synchronous machining of complex rotary workpieces and square workpieces (workpiece diameter ≤ 5 mm); and the removal of burrs on the workpiece edge is achieved through a batch - type electrochemical machining device, which stably and evenly supplies the electrolyte to each workpiece edge, and multiple workpieces can be machined at one time, and the number of workpieces to be machined can be selected according to the actual machining situation.

[0024] 2) In the present invention, a single cathode plate and the cathode disk are tightly combined through a cathode connecting column and bolts and nuts. The centering and positioning of the workpiece and the cathode plate are realized through an anode conducting column, thereby ensuring the perpendicularity of each cathode plate. Multiple cathode plates can synchronously machine the burrs at the edge, ensuring the consistency of burr removal on the workpiece edge; a cylindrical helical spring is arranged at the upper end of the cathode plate. Before electrolytic machining, through the natural elongation of the spring, the lower end face of the cathode plate abuts against the flow channel outlet to avoid abnormal electrolyte flow. After the start of machining, the pressure in the flow channel increases, and the electrolyte flow lifts the cathode plate. At this time, the burrs on the workpiece surface are removed. After the machining is completed, the cathode plate naturally falls back under the action of the spring, protecting the surface quality of the workpiece, improving the burr machining efficiency on the workpiece surface, and having a simple structure and convenient disassembly and assembly. Compared with the prior art, through the hierarchical diversion design of the three - stage diversion cavity, combined with the combination of the detachable diversion cavity and the air pressure regulating device, the present invention solves the problems of uneven electrolyte flow field and low cathode installation efficiency.

[0025] 3) The structure of the present invention is designed with the concept of one split into multiple. The flow channel of the primary diversion cavity is split into flow channels of the secondary diversion cavity equal to the number of workpieces, and multiple flow channels of the secondary diversion cavity are distributed in a circular form above the flow channel of the primary diversion cavity; multiple times the number of detachable diversion cavity flow channels are distributed in a circular form above the flow channels of the secondary diversion cavity. The secondary diversion cavity further distributes to the detachable diversion cavity. The truncated conical flow channel structure effectively increases the electrolyte flow space, improves the flow efficiency, ensures the uniform and stable flow field, and guarantees the surface quality and electrolyte flow stability at the workpiece edge.

[0026] 4) The present invention patent is convenient for disassembly and assembly. The number of cathode plates can be replaced or increased or decreased according to the number of workpieces to be machined. The cathode plate and the cathode disk synchronously increase or decrease the number of detachable diversion cavities, with simple operation and easy implementation.

[0027] 5) The present invention adopts a pneumatic regulating device. The outer circumferential surface of the sleeve is provided with external threads, and the inner circumferential surface of the base is provided with internal threads. By rotating the threaded surface of the circular hole type base or the groove type base, it moves axially along the internal threads of the base. For each rotation, the height is adjusted by 2 mm. By manually rotating the circular hole type base or the groove type base, its axial height is adjusted, increasing or decreasing the number of holes / grooves at the electrolyte outlet, thereby changing the electrolyte outlet area and regulating the internal air pressure of the flow channel to control the electrolyte flow rate and ensure the stability of the flow field.

[0028] 6) The present invention adopts a detachable workpiece fixture, which is tightly connected to the fixture base through screws. When processing parts such as rotating bodies, squares, and cross-hole parts, the effect of simultaneously processing different kinds of workpieces can be achieved by replacing the workpiece fixture; on the upper end surface of the detachable workpiece fixture, there are flow control vanes and linkage handles. By manually rotating the linkage handles, the flow control vanes are opened and closed, actively regulating the flow air pressure inside the flow channel, while protecting the workpiece from being overly corroded and avoiding the occurrence of stray corrosion. The combined design of the flow control vanes and the linkage handles is a technical solution proposed for the first time in the art. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is the assembly schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the cathode in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the anode conductive device in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the circular hole type pneumatic regulating device in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the groove type pneumatic regulating device in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the detachable diversion cavity in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the diversion cavity for processing rotating body workpieces in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the diversion device in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the diversion fixing plate in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the flow control device in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 11 It is a schematic assembly structure diagram of the detachable workpiece fixture and the fixture base in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 12 It is a schematic structure diagram of the workpiece fixture for rotary bodies in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 13 It is a schematic structure diagram of the square workpiece fixture in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 14 It is a schematic structure diagram of the flow control vane in the flow control device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 15 It is a schematic structure diagram of the linkage handle in the flow control device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 16 It is a schematic structure diagram of the semi-closed state of the flow control device in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 17 It is a schematic structure diagram of the fully closed state of the flow control device in the present invention.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0047] 1 - Flow guiding device, 2 - Flow guiding fixing plate, 3 - Air pressure regulating device, 4 - Anode conducting device, 5 - Cathode assembly, 6 - Cathode disc, 7 - Cathode plate, 8 - Anode conducting plate, 9 - Anode conducting column, 10 - Round hole type sleeve, 11 - Round hole type base, 12 - Groove type sleeve, 13 - Groove type base, 14 - Flow guiding cavity for machining rotary body workpieces, 15 - Flow guiding cavity for machining square workpieces, 16 - Clamping block, 17 - Clamping groove, 18 - Primary flow guiding cavity, 19 - Secondary flow guiding cavity, 20 - Detachable flow guiding cavity, 21 - Cross hole, 22 - Round hole, 23 - Cathode connecting column, 24 - Bolt and nut, 25 - Flow control vane, 26 - Dial ring, 27 - Fixture base, 28 - Detachable workpiece fixture, 29 - Screw, 30 - Workpiece fixture for rotary bodies, 31 - Threaded hole, 32 - Square workpiece fixture, 33 - Rotating shaft, 34 - Vane body, 35 - Waist-shaped groove, 36 - Handle. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention patent, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this invention patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] The design concept of the present invention is as follows: 1 is split into M, the flow channel of the primary diversion cavity is split into M flow channels of secondary diversion cavities, where M is the number of workpieces. The inside of the primary diversion cavity is a truncated conical flow channel. According to the number of rotary workpieces and square workpieces to be processed, assuming that both the rotary workpiece and the square workpiece have 4 edges to be processed, the M flow channels of secondary diversion cavities are distributed in a circular form above the flow channel of the primary diversion cavity; 4M detachable diversion cavity flow channels are distributed in a circular form above the flow channels of secondary diversion cavities. For example, when machining 2 rotary workpieces and 2 square workpieces at one time, each workpiece has 4 edges to be processed, the primary diversion cavity is a truncated conical flow channel, 4 flow channels of secondary diversion cavities are arranged in a circular form above the flow channel of the primary diversion cavity, and 16 detachable diversion cavity flow channels are evenly arranged in a circular form above the flow channels of secondary diversion cavities. The primary diversion cavity evenly distributes the electrolyte to the secondary diversion cavities (the number is equal to the total number of workpieces) through the truncated conical flow channel, and the secondary diversion cavities further distribute it to the detachable diversion cavities.

[0051] This embodiment provides a device for electrochemically removing edge burrs in batches. The diversion cavity is divided into a primary diversion cavity, a secondary diversion cavity, and a detachable diversion cavity from bottom to top. Taking the illustration (four workpieces) as an example, there are 16 truncated conical holes in the detachable diversion cavity connecting the secondary diversion cavity. The 16 truncated conical holes are divided into groups of 4 and are respectively arranged in a circular form, as Figure 6 shown. Four workpieces (each workpiece has four edges) can be placed at the center of the detachable workpiece fixture 28. Above the workpieces is the diversion fixing plate 2. The round holes of the diversion fixing plate 2 are coaxially positioned with the centers of the workpieces. The lower end surface of the diversion fixing plate 2 is connected to the diversion device 1 by epoxy resin glue.

[0052] Specifically, it includes a diversion device 1, a diversion fixing plate 2, a pneumatic adjustment device 3, an anode conduction device 4, and a cathode assembly 5, as Figures 1-14 shown.

[0053] The above-mentioned diversion device 1 is made of insulating material, and three levels of diversion cavities are arranged inside from bottom to top. The first-level diversion cavity 18 at the bottom is distributed in a truncated conical shape, and a round hole is provided at the lower part of the first-level diversion cavity 18 as the electrolyte inlet; the upper part of the first-level diversion cavity 18 is also the second-level diversion cavity 19 distributed in a truncated conical shape and is connected to the first-level diversion cavity 18. The first-level and second-level diversion cavities are truncated conical flow channels and are fixedly installed with each other. The number of the second-level diversion cavities 19 is equal to the total number of workpieces to be processed. The third-level diversion cavity is connected above the second-level diversion cavity 19. The third-level diversion cavity is a detachable diversion cavity 20, and there are 4 of them. Each detachable diversion cavity 20 is concentric with the workpiece being processed. As Figure 8 shown, a truncated conical through hole is provided on the lower end surface of the detachable diversion cavity. In the verification of the COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, under the conditions of an inlet pressure of 0.15 MPa and an electrolyte of 10% NaNO3 solution, compared with the conventional cylindrical flow channel, the electrolyte flow rate of the truncated conical flow channel increases by 1 m / s - 2 m / s, and the flow field uniformity increases significantly.

[0054] The structure of each detachable diversion cavity 20 is divided into an internal detachable workpiece fixture 28 and an external fixture base 27. The external fixture base 27 is fan-shaped, and the 4 external fixture bases 27 are connected into a circle through a buckle structure. The setting of the buckle structure realizes quick connection and replacement, ensuring the adaptability of the flow field to the workpiece. The buckle structure includes a clamping block 16 and a clamping groove 17. The clamping block 16 is provided with a chamfered guiding surface, which can realize quick positioning and installation. The clamping block 16 is fixed with the clamping groove 17 by interference fit. As Figure 7As shown in the figure. The detachable workpiece fixture 28 is arranged in the hollow cavity of the external fixture base 27 and is tightly connected through the internal thread hole 31 and the screw 29. The center of the detachable workpiece fixture 28 is divided into a rotary workpiece fixture 30 and a square workpiece fixture 32. The rotary type is used for machining rotary workpieces, and the square type is used for machining square workpieces. When machining rotary workpieces and square workpieces, different types of workpiece fixtures can be selected according to needs. During a single machining process, multiple types of workpieces can also be machined, such as square and rotary workpieces. Four truncated conical holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the center of the detachable workpiece fixture 28 for circulating electrolyte. A flow control device is arranged on the upper part of the detachable workpiece fixture 28. The flow control device includes three flow control vanes 25 and a dial ring 26. Three waist-shaped slots 35 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the dial ring 26. A handle 36 is also arranged on the dial ring 26. The rotating shafts 33 on the flow control vanes 25 pass through the corresponding waist-shaped slots 35. By rotating the handle 36, the opening and closing of the flow control vane body 34 are realized. When the flow pressure at the machining gap is too high, the flow control vanes 25 are closed by manually rotating the handle 36 clockwise. Conversely, the flow control vanes are opened by rotating the handle 36 counterclockwise to adjust the pressure at the machining gap and improve the uneven flow of the electrolyte in the flow channel, as Figures 10-17 shown.

[0055] Above the above-mentioned flow guiding device 1, a flow guiding fixing plate 2 is arranged. A cross through hole 21 for the cathode sheet assembly to pass through is arranged on the flow guiding fixing plate 2. The center of the cross through hole is a circular through hole 22. The circular through hole 22 is used for the positioning and installation of the anode conductive column 9 and the cathode sheet 7. The workpiece and the flow guiding device 1 are fixed through the flow guiding fixing plate 2. Above the flow guiding fixing plate 2, a plurality of air pressure regulating devices 3 equal to the number of workpieces are circumferentially and evenly arranged.

[0056] The above-mentioned air pressure regulating device 3 includes a hollow T-shaped cylinder, which is threadedly connected to the annular base. The upper end surface of the T-shaped cylinder is provided with a cross-shaped through hole, and the center of the cross-shaped through hole is a circular through hole. A sealing ring is arranged between the lower end surface of the T-shaped cylinder and the annular base to enhance the sealing performance of the flow channel and prevent electrolyte leakage. The T-shaped cylinder and the annular base are used to adjust the axial height; circular holes or waist-shaped holes are arranged on the circumference of the small-diameter end of the T-shaped cylinder, and holes matching the circular holes or waist-shaped holes are arranged on the annular base as the electrolyte outlet. By changing the number of outlet holes / slots, the flow channel pressure is adjusted to alleviate the uneven flow of the electrolyte inside the diversion device. Among them, the circular hole type air pressure regulating device is used for rotary workpieces, and the slot type air pressure regulating device is used for square workpieces. Different outlet shapes are adapted to the flow field requirements. The air pressure regulating device 3 of the present invention adjusts the sleeve height through a threaded structure and simultaneously controls the number of outlet holes / slots. After verification by COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, it can significantly improve the flow velocity stability of the electrolyte inside the diversion device. The anode conducting device 4 passes through the circular holes on the air pressure regulating device 3 and the diversion fixing plate 2 to connect the workpiece, and the cathode is tightly fitted through the cross-shaped through holes on the air pressure regulating device 3 and the diversion fixing plate 2 to ensure centering with the workpiece.

[0057] Above the above-mentioned air pressure regulating device 3, there is a cathode assembly 5. The cathode assembly 5 includes a cathode disc 6. The lower end surface of the cathode disc 6 is provided with internal threads for positioning 4 groups of cathode connection column assemblies 23. Each group of cathode sheet connection column assemblies includes 4 cathode sheet connection columns 23 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. A cathode sheet 7 is connected below each group of cathode connection columns 23. The upper end surface of the cathode connection column 23 is provided with external threads. Each cathode connection column 23 and the corresponding cathode sheet 7 are tightly connected by bolts and nuts 24. A cylindrical helical spring is arranged at the upper end of the cathode sheet 7. Through the natural elongation of the spring, the lower end surface of the cathode sheet abuts against the flow channel outlet to avoid abnormal electrolyte flow. An internal threaded hole is arranged at the connection part of the cathode sheet 7 and the cathode connection column 23. An anode conducting device 4 is arranged between the air pressure regulating device 3 and the cathode assembly 5. The 4 anode conducting columns 9 on the anode conducting device 4 pass through the centers of 4 circumferentially evenly distributed cathode sheets 7 and are respectively connected to the workpiece through the holes on the corresponding air pressure regulating device 3.

[0058] The above-mentioned anode conducting device 4 includes an anode conducting plate 8. The lower end of the anode conducting plate 8 is provided with an internal threaded hole. The anode conducting column 9 is arranged in the threaded hole and passes through the circular hole of the diversion fixing plate 2 to be tightly fitted with the workpiece. The cathode sheet 7 of the cathode 5 is tightly fitted with the cross-shaped through hole of the diversion fixing plate 2 to achieve centering and positioning.

[0059] The upper end of the above-mentioned cathode plate 7 is provided with an internal thread hole, and the lower end is a rounded corner structure. The spring provided at the upper end of the cathode plate is a cylindrical helical spring. An internal thread hole is provided at the connection between the cathode plate 7 and the cathode connection column 23, and a tight connection is achieved through bolts and nuts 24. The working area of the cathode plate is completely exposed, and an epoxy resin insulating layer with a thickness of 0.2 - 0.5 mm is applied to the non-working area.

[0060] Both the above-mentioned cathode plate and the cathode disk are made of brass material to ensure electrical conductivity and structural strength. The material of the flow guide fixing plate is insulating plastic.

[0061] In this example, according to the Reynolds number calculation and the requirements of the electrolyte flow rate, the size of the flow guide cavity is optimized to ensure the uniformity of the flow field. The inlet diameter of the designed flow guide device 1 is 20 mm, the lower end face diameter inside the first-stage flow guide cavity is 90 mm, the upper end face diameter is 80 mm, the height is 12 mm, and the taper ratio is 0.417. Four truncated conical holes with a lower end face diameter of 20 mm, a height of 5 mm, and a taper ratio of 0.3 are machined above the first-stage flow guide cavity as the second-stage flow guide cavity. Taking the center of the circle as a point on the upper end face of the second-stage flow guide cavity, a circle with a diameter of 10.8 mm is made, and 16 truncated conical holes with a lower end face diameter of 3 mm, a height of 6 mm, and a taper ratio of 0.175 are machined upward in a circular form as the detachable flow guide cavity. The upper end face of the detachable flow guide cavity 20 is provided with a groove designed according to the workpiece size. The flow guide fixing plate 2 is provided with 16 cross-shaped through holes with a length of 5.2 mm, a width of 3 mm, and a depth of 7 mm. Circular holes with a diameter of 7.5 mm are opened at the centers of the cross-shaped through holes, and all are through holes. The circular hole type sleeve 10 and the circular hole type base 11 of the air pressure regulating device 3 are provided with 6 circular holes with a diameter of 2.5 mm. The groove type sleeve 12 and the groove type base 13 are provided with waist-shaped grooves with a length of 10 mm, a semi-circular diameter of 4 mm, and a height of 4 mm. The lower end face of the anode conductive plate 8 of the anode conductive device 4 is provided with 4 threaded holes with a diameter of 2 mm and a depth of 5 mm. The effective working area size of a single cathode plate is 5 mm in length, 2.5 mm in width, and 85 mm in height, with a rounded corner structure at the lower end, and the rounded corner radius is 0.2 mm. The cathode disk has a diameter of 80 mm and a height of 10 mm.

[0062] The installation process of the present invention is as follows:

[0063] First, connect the flow guide device 1 and the flow guide fixing plate 2 through epoxy resin glue and an O-ring. The detachable flow guide cavity 20 and the second-stage flow guide cavity 19 are connected by threads. The anode conductive plate 8 and the anode conductive column 9 in the anode conductive device 4 are also connected by threads.

[0064] The cathode disk 6 and the cathode connecting post 23 are connected by threads. The cathode connecting post 23 and the cathode plate 7 are tightly connected by bolts and nuts 24. The cathode plate 7 in the cathode 5 is axially fixed by being inserted into the cross through hole of the diversion fixing plate 2. The electrolyte flow tube is fixed on the spindle of the electrochemical machining machine tool. A 10% NaNO3 electrolyte is used, and the temperature is controlled at about 25°C. The electrolyte flow tube is connected to the inlet of the diversion device 1 in a tightly fitting manner. The position of the machine tool spindle is lowered and adjusted to the optimal machining position to ensure that the gap between the cathode plate and the edge of the workpiece is 0.3 - 0.5 mm and the centering error is ≤ 0.05 mm. The power supply cathode is connected to the cathode 5, and the power supply anode wiring is connected to the anode conductive plate 8.

[0065] During electrochemical machining, the inlet pressure of the electrolyte is set to 0.15 MPa. It flows in from the electrolyte inlet of the diversion device 1, enters 4 secondary diversion cavities through the diversion of the diversion cavity, and then enters 16 detachable diversion cavities through diversion. It flows through the detachable diversion cavities to the machining gap between the edge of the workpiece and the cathode plate. The electrolyte flow direction is in a reverse flow mode, as Figure 8 shown by the arrow in

[0066] In the above description, many specific details are elaborated to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0067] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention for a patent, and it is not used to limit the present invention for a patent. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention for a patent. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention for a patent shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention for a patent.

Claims

1. An electrochemical batch burr removal device, characterized in that: It comprises a flow guide device (1), a flow guide fixing plate (2), an air pressure regulating device (3), an anode conductive device (4) and a cathode assembly (5); The flow guiding device (1) is provided with a first-level flow guiding chamber (18), a second-level flow guiding chamber (19) and a detachable flow guiding chamber (20) which are interconnected from bottom to top. The first-level flow guiding chamber (18) at the bottom is distributed in a truncated cone shape. A circular hole is provided at the bottom of the first-level flow guiding chamber (18) as an electrolyte inlet. The upper part of the first-level flow guiding chamber (18) is also a second-level flow guiding chamber (19) distributed in a truncated cone shape and is connected to the first-level flow guiding chamber (18). The number of the second-level flow guiding chambers (19) is the same as the number of workpieces to be processed. The detachable flow guiding chamber (20) is connected to the upper part of the second-level flow guiding chamber (19). The detachable flow guiding chamber (20) is kept concentric with the workpiece. A flow guide fixing plate (2) is arranged above the flow guide device (1), and the workpiece and the flow guide device (1) are fixed by the flow guide fixing plate (2); air pressure regulating devices (3) are arranged above the flow guide fixing plate (2) in a number equal to the number of the workpieces; a cathode assembly (5) is arranged above the air pressure regulating device (3), and the cathode assembly (5) comprises a cathode disk (6); cathode sheet connecting column assemblies are arranged on the lower surface of the cathode disk (6) in a number equal to the number of the workpieces, and cathode sheet assemblies are arranged below the cathode connecting column assemblies in a number equal to the number of the workpieces; an anode conductive device (4) is arranged between the air pressure regulating device (3) and the cathode assembly (5); the number of anode conductive columns (9) on the anode conductive device (4) is equal to the number of the workpieces, and the columns pass through holes on the cathode sheet assemblies and corresponding air pressure regulating devices (3) to connect the workpieces.

2. The device for electrochemical batch deburring of edges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the flow guide device (1) is provided with detachable flow guide chambers (20) having the same number as the workpieces. Each detachable flow guide chamber (20) comprises a detachable workpiece fixture (28) and an external fixture base (27). The external fixture base (27) is fan-shaped, and two adjacent fan-shaped parts are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure. The detachable workpiece fixture (28) is fixed in the hollow cavity of the external fixture base (27). Four truncated conical holes are evenly distributed on the circumference thereof for circulating electrolyte. The workpiece to be processed passes through the center of the detachable workpiece fixture (28). A flow control device is provided on the upper part of the detachable workpiece fixture (28).

3. The device for electrochemical batch deburring of edges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow control device comprises a plurality of flow control blades (25) and a dial ring (26). The dial ring (26) is evenly distributed with waist-shaped grooves (35) equal in number to the number of the flow control blades. The dial ring (26) is also provided with a handle (36). The rotating shaft (33) on the flow control blade (25) is inserted into the corresponding waist-shaped groove (35). The flow control blade (25) is opened and closed by rotating the handle (36), thereby improving the uneven flow of electrolyte in the flow channel.

4. The device for electrochemical batch deburring of edges according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The gas pressure regulating device (3) comprises a hollow T-shaped cylinder, which is threadedly connected to an annular base and can achieve axial height adjustment through the thread; the upper end surface of the T-shaped cylinder is provided with a cross through hole, the center of the cross through hole is a circular through hole, a circular hole or a waist-shaped hole is provided on the circumference of the small diameter end of the T-shaped cylinder, and a hole matching the circular hole or the waist-shaped hole is provided on the annular base, serving as an electrolyte outlet.

5. The device for electrochemical batch deburring of edges according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cathode plate connecting column assembly comprises four cathode plate connecting columns (23) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; the cathode plate assembly comprises four cathode plates evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the lower end surface of the cathode disk (6) is threadedly connected to the cathode connecting column (23), each cathode connecting column (23) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding cathode plate (7), a spring is provided at the upper end of the cathode plate (7), and the anode conductive column (9) is located at the center of the four cathode plates (7) evenly distributed along the circumference.

6. The device for electrochemical batch deburring of edges according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide fixing plate (2) is provided with a cross through hole (21) for the cathode plate assembly to pass through, the center of the cross through hole is a circular through hole (22), and the center circular through hole (22) is used for positioning the anode conductive column (9).

7. The device for electrochemical batch deburring of edges according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anode conductive device (4) comprises an anode conductive plate (8), a threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the anode conductive plate (8), and an anode conductive column (9) is provided in the threaded hole.

8. The device for electrochemical batch deburring of edges according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buckle structure comprises a clamping block (16) and a clamping slot (17); the clamping block (16) is provided with a chamfered guide surface, which can realize rapid positioning and installation; the clamping block (16) and the clamping slot (17) are fixed by interference fit.

9. The electrochemical batch burr removal device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sealing ring is arranged between the lower end surface of the T-shaped cylinder and the annular base.

10. The device for electrochemical batch deburring of edges according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower end of the cathode sheet (7) is a rounded structure, the working area of ​​the cathode sheet is completely exposed, and the non-working area is coated with an epoxy resin insulation layer with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

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