Liquid extrusion forming device and process for brittle brazing filler metal

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the field of smelting and forming of hard, brittle and difficult-to-form active brazing filler metal, and provides a liquid extrusion forming device and process for brittle brazing filler metal, and the device comprises a base, a vacuumizing device, an inert gas supply device and a negative pressure device. An annular partition plate is arranged on the upper portion of the inner side of the refining box, and a self-sealing pushing assembly is arranged on the upper side of the annular partition plate. And the bottom blanking barrel is positioned on the lower side of the annular partition plate and is provided with a plugging assembly. The smelting heating crucible is arranged on the lower portion of the inner side of the refining box, and an electric arc smelting assembly is arranged on the lower side of the annular partition plate. The vacuumizing device controls the vacuum degree of the space on the upper side and the lower side of the annular partition plate, and the inert gas device conveys inert gas into the space on the lower side of the annular partition plate and the smelting heating crucible. The suction casting forming assembly is provided with a forming cavity, and smelted alloy solution is sucked into the forming cavity through negative pressure to be cooled and solidified. Through integrated design and control, efficient and low-pollution active brazing filler metal preparation is achieved, and the performance and the yield of a brazed diamond tool are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of melting and forming of hard and brittle difficult-to-form active solders, and particularly relates to a liquid extrusion forming device and process for brittle solders. Background Art

[0002] Brazed diamond tools have long service life and high processing efficiency due to characteristics such as high abrasive connection strength, high exposure degree, and controllable arrangement, and can meet the processing requirements of high efficiency, high speed, and heavy load. Such tools are widely used in fields such as oil drilling, geological exploration, stone processing, and building decoration, and thus have become a research hotspot at home and abroad. Due to the large interfacial energy difference between diamond and metal, active elements such as Ti, Cr, Zr, and V are usually added to the solder. During the brazing process, these active elements undergo chemical metallurgical reactions with diamond to form carbide layers such as TiC, Cr2C3, and VC on the diamond surface, thereby achieving a firm hold of the diamond abrasive grains by the solder alloy. Therefore, solders containing these active elements are called active solders.

[0003] However, the melting point differences between the components of the active solder are large, and some components are prone to oxidation or volatilization, resulting in serious burning loss. In addition, the solder alloy contains more brittle and hard phases and has poor plasticity, making it difficult to prepare by conventional melting and forming processes. Existing technical solutions, such as a copper-tin-titanium solder and its preparation method disclosed in the patent with the publication number CN 106514039 A, although providing a solution, involve electroplating processes, which are not conducive to environmental protection. Therefore, developing a new melting and forming device that is efficient, low-pollution, and suitable for active solders has become a key challenge for improving the performance of brazed diamond tools.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above situation, there is an urgent need to develop a liquid extrusion forming device for brittle solders to overcome the deficiencies in current practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid extrusion forming device and process for brittle solders, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows. A liquid extrusion forming device for brittle solders includes a base, a vacuum pumping device, an inert gas supply device, and a negative pressure device, and further includes:

[0007] A refining box, which is installed and fixed on the base. An annular partition is fixed to the upper inner side of the refining box, and a plurality of self-sealing pushing components are installed on the upper side of the annular partition. The self-sealing pushing components are used for limiting the material and controlling the pushing out of the material;

[0008] The bottom blanking cylinder is installed and fixed on the lower side of the annular partition, and a plugging component for sealing its lower end is also installed at the lower end of the bottom blanking cylinder;

[0009] The smelting and heating crucible is installed and fixed at the lower inner part of the refining box. A smelting component for arc smelting the materials in the smelting and heating crucible is also installed on the lower side of the annular partition, and the smelting component can arbitrarily adjust its position and angle in the bottom blanking cylinder;

[0010] The vacuum pumping device is used to control the vacuum pumping of the spaces above and below the annular partition; the inert gas supply device is used to transport inert gas to the space below the annular partition and the inner cavity of the smelting and heating crucible;

[0011] The suction casting and forming component is installed on the base. The suction casting and forming component has a forming cavity with adjustable volume. The suction casting and forming component is used to suck the alloy solution smelted in the smelting and heating crucible into the forming cavity under negative pressure for forming to obtain a brittle filler metal.

[0012] In a further technical solution, a plurality of self-sealing pushing components are circumferentially distributed on the upper side of the annular partition. The self-sealing pushing component includes a U-shaped frame fixed on the annular partition and opening towards the middle of the annular partition. A pushing plate is slidably arranged inside the U-shaped frame, and the pushing plate is also slidably connected to the surface of the annular partition. A push-pull cylinder B is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped frame, and the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B is fixedly connected to the pushing plate. Two limiting blocks are respectively fixed on both sides of the open end of the U-shaped frame. A baffle plate is slidably arranged between the two limiting blocks, and a through hole is opened on the baffle plate. A linkage rod is also fixed on the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B. The linkage rod passes through the baffle plate and is slidably connected to the through hole; when the baffle plate abuts against the surface of the annular partition, the area between the pushing plate and the baffle plate is the material placement area; when the push-pull cylinder B pushes the pushing plate to move towards the middle of the annular partition, the baffle plate is separated from the surface of the annular partition until the pushing plate completely pushes out the materials in the material placement area.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the baffle plate can slide longitudinally, and the lower end surface of the limiting block is located above the upper surface of the pushing plate; the linkage rod includes an inclined section and a vertical section. The lower end of the vertical section is fixed on the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B. One end of the inclined section is connected to the upper end of the vertical section. The inclined section passes through the baffle plate and is slidably connected to the through hole, and the inclined section is inclined downward at the end far from the vertical section; when the pushing plate completely pushes out the materials in the material placement area, the lower end of the baffle plate is not separated from the limiting block, and the baffle plate does not abut against the vertical section.

[0014] Further technical solution: a conical cavity is formed inside the bottom blanking cylinder, and the upper end of the conical cavity is in fitting communication with the inner ring of the annular partition; the plugging assembly includes a plugging plate capable of sealing the lower end of the conical cavity, and guide rails are slidably fitted on both sides of the plugging plate, and the guide rails are fixed to the lower end of the bottom blanking cylinder; one end of the plugging plate is fixed with a push-pull cylinder C parallel to the guide rails, and the cylinder body of the push-pull cylinder C is also fixedly connected to the lower side of the annular partition through a hanger.

[0015] Further technical solution: an air pipe A and an air pipe B are respectively installed on the vacuum pumping device, and a control valve A and a control valve B are respectively installed on the air pipe A and the air pipe B. The end of the air pipe A far from the vacuum pumping device is in communication with the upper side space of the annular partition, and the end of the air pipe B far from the vacuum pumping device is in communication with the lower side space of the annular partition; an air pipe C is installed on the inert gas supply device, and an air pipe D is also installed on the air pipe C. The end of the air pipe C far from the inert gas supply device is in communication with the lower side space of the annular partition, and a control valve C is installed on the air pipe C between the air pipe D and the refining box, and a control valve D is also installed on the air pipe D. The end of the air pipe D far from the air pipe C is in communication with the lower part of the inner cavity of the melting and heating crucible.

[0016] Further technical solution: a side sealing door is also installed on the side wall of the refining box, and a top sealing door is also installed on the top of the refining box; the melting and heating crucible is a water-cooled copper crucible, and a plurality of legs are circumferentially distributed and fixed at the bottom of the melting and heating crucible, and the lower ends of the legs are fixed to the inner cavity bottom of the refining box.

[0017] Further technical solution: the melting assembly includes a rotating motor, a push-pull cylinder D, a push-pull cylinder E, an arc-shaped telescopic cylinder, a mounting seat and an electrode. The rotating motor is fixed to the lower side of the annular partition, the output end of the rotating motor is vertically fixed with a push-pull cylinder D, the end of the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder D is horizontally fixed with a push-pull cylinder E, the end of the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder E is hinged with a mounting seat, an electrode is fixed to the lower side of the mounting seat, and an arc-shaped telescopic cylinder with a circular arc structure is also fixed between the mounting seat and the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder E. The center of the arc-shaped telescopic cylinder is located on the axis of the hinge shaft between the push-pull cylinder E and the mounting seat.

[0018] Further technical solution: The suction casting forming assembly is installed upright on the upper side of the base or inverted on the lower side of the base; the suction casting forming assembly includes a negative pressure device, a connecting pipe A, a mounting disc, a push-pull cylinder A, a mounting frame A, an upper mold, a mold base, a connecting pipe B, a flexible pipe, a mounting frame B, and a feeding pipe. The mold base is fixed on the base, and the upper mold is slidably arranged inside the mold base. The closed space formed by the upper mold and the mold base is a forming cavity. A plurality of push-pull cylinders A are fixed on the upper mold, and the cylinder body of the push-pull cylinder A is also fixedly connected to the mounting disc. The mounting frame A is also fixed on the mounting disc, and the end of the mounting frame A away from the mounting disc is fixed on the base. A connecting pipe B communicating with the forming cavity is also installed on the upper mold. The connecting pipe B is connected to the connecting pipe A through a flexible pipe, and the connecting pipe A is also connected to the negative pressure device. The negative pressure device is fixed on the mounting frame B, and the end of the mounting frame B away from the negative pressure device is fixedly connected to the base. The middle of the bottom of the inner cavity of the melting and heating crucible is also connected to the middle of the end of the forming cavity away from the upper mold through a feeding pipe.

[0019] Further technical solution: A heating coil is installed on the feeding pipe; a one-way valve is installed at the connection between the feeding pipe and the forming cavity. The one-way valve is used to allow the alloy solution in the feeding pipe to enter the forming cavity and cut off in the reverse direction; a control valve E is also installed on the connecting pipe B.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is a processing technology of a liquid extrusion forming device for brittle solder, including the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Ultrasonically clean the alloy material with acetone solution and alcohol solution, and blow it dry with cold air;

[0022] Step 2: Put the processed materials into the self-sealing feeding assembly according to the proportion; at the same time, add an appropriate amount of refining agent to the self-sealing feeding assembly according to the requirements;

[0023] Step 3: Use a vacuum pumping device to control the vacuum pumping of the space below the annular partition to a high vacuum state of ≤5×10 -3 MPa, and then use an inert gas supply device to fill high-purity argon gas to make the vacuum degree in the furnace cavity reach 0.5 MPa; this process needs to be repeated three times;

[0024] Step 4: Arc melt and turn over the alloy pre-placed in the melting and heating crucible through the melting assembly;

[0025] Step 5: Use a vacuum pumping device to control the vacuum pumping of the space above the annular partition and make the vacuum degree reach 0.5 MPa. Push the remaining alloy materials into the melting and heating crucible in sequence through the self-sealing feeding assembly for melting, add a refining agent, and use an inert gas supply device to blow high-purity argon gas into the bottom of the melting and heating crucible (48) for stirring to fully refine the liquid alloy and let it stand at 950-1050 °C for 3-10 min;

[0026] Step Six: Heat up the alloy solution after smelting to 1100°C, and use the suction casting forming component to suck the alloy solution into the forming cavity by means of negative pressure extraction. After cooling and solidification, a brittle solder is obtained.

[0027] The liquid extrusion forming device and process for a brittle solder provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] Through the self-sealing feeding component, controllable vacuum and inert gas environment, flexibly adjustable electrode position, and efficient suction casting forming component, efficient smelting and suction casting forming of various alloy materials are achieved.

[0029] The present invention integrates material addition, smelting, and suction casting, avoiding multiple assemblies and vacuum pumping, reducing process pollution, shortening the processing cycle, and realizing the short-process preparation of active solders. The vacuum furnace brazing process provided has strong reliability and high yield. After brazing, the diamond tool has a good macroscopic morphology, small thermal damage to diamond particles, high protrusion, and low shedding rate. The solder alloy has good wettability to diamond, and the brazed joint alloy has good wear resistance.

[0030] In summary, through integrated design and control, the present invention realizes the preparation of active solders with high efficiency and low pollution, significantly improving the performance and yield of diamond tools after brazing. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the liquid extrusion forming device for a brittle solder provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the rear view angle structure;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular partition in the refining box of the liquid extrusion forming device for a brittle solder provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the structure of a part of a self-sealing feeding component;

[0035] Figure 5 It is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the main view cross-section of a part of a self-sealing feeding component when pushing materials;

[0036] Figure 6 It is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the upward view angle structure;

[0037] Figure 7 It is Figure 3 an axonometric drawing;

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the installation component at the lower inner part of the refining box in the liquid extrusion forming device of the brittle solder provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 Axonometric view of the upper die and the die holder part of the liquid extrusion forming device of the brittle solder provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1 - vacuum pumping device, 2 - base, 3 - side sealing door, 4 - refining box, 5 - control valve A, 6 - top sealing door, 7 - air pipe A, 8 - air pipe B, 9 - control valve B, 10 - negative pressure device, 11 - connecting pipe A, 12 - mounting plate, 13 - push - pull cylinder A, 14 - mounting frame A, 15 - upper die, 16 - die holder, 17 - connecting pipe B, 18 - hose, 19 - mounting frame B, 20 - feeding pipe, 21 - control panel, 22 - inert gas supply device, 23 - air pipe C, 24 - control valve C, 25 - air pipe D, 26 - control valve D, 27 - annular partition, 28 - push - pull cylinder B, 29 - U - shaped frame, 30 - pushing plate, 31 - linkage rod, 32 - limit block, 33 - material baffle, 34 - bottom blanking cylinder, 35 - hanger, 36 - push - pull cylinder C, 37 - inclined section, 38 - vertical section, 39 - sealing plate, 40 - guide rail, 41 - conical cavity, 42 - rotating motor, 43 - push - pull cylinder D, 44 - push - pull cylinder E, 45 - arc telescopic cylinder, 46 - mounting seat, 47 - electrode, 48 - melting and heating crucible, 49 - leg, 50 - forming cavity, 51 - check valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] The following describes the specific implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] As shown in Figures 1-3 Figures 6 - 9, a liquid extrusion forming device for brittle solder provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 2, a vacuum pumping device 1, an inert gas supply device 22 and a negative pressure device 10, and further includes:

[0045] A refining box 4, which is installed and fixed on the base 2. An annular partition 27 is fixed on the upper inner part of the refining box 4. A plurality of self - sealing pushing components are installed on the upper side of the annular partition 27. The self - sealing pushing components are used for limiting the material and controlling the pushing out of the material;

[0046] The bottom blanking cylinder 34 is installed and fixed on the lower side of the annular partition 27, and a plugging assembly for sealing its lower end is also installed at the lower end of the bottom blanking cylinder 34;

[0047] The melting and heating crucible 48 is installed and fixed at the lower inner part of the refining box 4. A melting assembly for arc melting the materials in the melting and heating crucible 48 is also installed on the lower side of the annular partition 27, and the melting assembly can arbitrarily adjust its position and angle in the bottom blanking cylinder 34;

[0048] The vacuum pumping device 1 is used to control the vacuum pumping of the spaces above and below the annular partition 27; the inert gas supply device 22 is used to transport inert gas to the space below the annular partition 27 and the inner cavity of the melting and heating crucible 48;

[0049] The suction casting forming assembly is installed on the base 2. The suction casting forming assembly has a forming cavity 50 with adjustable volume. The suction casting forming assembly is used to suck the alloy solution melted in the melting and heating crucible 48 into the forming cavity 50 under negative pressure for forming to obtain a brittle solder.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, first, copper-nickel alloy, copper-tin alloy, copper-titanium alloy, copper-manganese alloy, copper-silicon alloy, copper-germanium alloy, copper-iron alloy and copper-rare earth alloy are subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in acetone solution and ultrasonic cleaning in alcohol solution and then dried with cold air (≤25°C), and then placed in the self-sealing feeding assembly respectively. The self-sealing feeding assembly can limit the materials and control the pushing out of the materials. The raw material ratio can be prepared as required. When preparing, the burn-off rate of each element component needs to be considered. The burn-off rates of each element component under the conditions of a vacuum furnace are: 0.5 - 1.5 wt.% copper; 1 - 2 wt.% nickel; 1 - 2 wt.% tin; 0.5 - 3 wt.% titanium; 2 - 3 wt.% manganese; 4 - 8 wt.% silicon; 0.5 - 1.5 wt.% gallium; 0.5 - 1.5 wt.% germanium; 0.2 - 1 wt.% iron; 0.1 - 0.8 wt.% rare earth. At the same time, an appropriate amount of refining agent is also placed in the self-sealing feeding assembly as required. The refining agent is preferably a mixture of 30% - 45% by mass of cryolite and 55% - 70% by mass of boric anhydride.

[0051] Secondly, the copper-nickel alloy, copper-tin alloy, copper-titanium alloy, copper-silicon alloy and copper-iron alloy are placed into the melting and heating crucible 48, and vacuum arc melting is carried out through the melting assembly that can arbitrarily adjust the angle and position. The metal can also be turned over by the melting assembly. After melting, alloy A is obtained, and alloy A is completely melted with the heating function of the melting and heating crucible 48 to obtain an alloy A melt. Among them, during the process of arc melting, the vacuum pumping device 1 is used to pump the space below the annular partition 27 (i.e., the furnace cavity) to ≤5×10 -3A high vacuum of MPa is achieved, and the vacuum pumping is stopped. Then, an inert gas is filled into the lower space of the annular partition 27 using the inert gas supply device 22, preferably high-purity argon (≥99.99%). When the vacuum degree in the furnace cavity reaches 0.5 MPa, the gas filling is stopped. This process of pumping and filling is repeated three times. Finally, when the pressure in the melting furnace cavity is 0.5 MPa, the melting assembly is started for melting, and the molten alloy is stirred by the arc thrust. After the raw materials are completely melted, the melting assembly is turned off to complete one melting process.

[0052] Then, the upper space of the annular partition 27 (i.e., the batching cavity) is evacuated using the vacuum pumping device 1. When the vacuum degree reaches the same as that in the melting furnace cavity, which is 0.5 MPa, the vacuum pumping is stopped. The sealing of the lower end of the bottom dropping cylinder 34 by the sealing assembly is released. The copper-manganese alloy and copper-germanium alloy are first pushed into the melting and heating crucible 48 using the self-sealing feeding assembly, and the copper-manganese alloy and copper-germanium alloy are completely melted with the heating function of the melting and heating crucible 48. Then, the copper-rare earth alloy is pushed into the melting and heating crucible 48 and heated to complete melting. Finally, the refining agent is pushed into the melting and heating crucible 48, and at the same time, high-purity argon is blown into the bottom of the melting and heating crucible 48 using the inert gas supply device 22 for stirring to fully refine the molten alloy, and it is left standing at 950 - 1050 °C for 3 - 10 min to complete the melting of the filler metal alloy.

[0053] The molten filler metal alloy solution is heated to 1100 °C, and the filler metal alloy melt is filled into the forming cavity 50 through the suction casting forming assembly. After cooling and solidifying, a high-wear-resistant copper-based active filler metal for brazing superhard abrasive grains is obtained. In addition, the volume of the forming cavity 50 can be adjusted as needed, and it can be flexibly adjusted according to the shape and size of the surface to be welded of the steel matrix. A mold release agent can be pre-coated in the forming cavity 50 for easy demolding. The mold of the suction casting forming assembly can also be replaced as needed, without limitation.

[0054] In summary, through the integrated design and control, the present invention realizes the preparation of an active filler metal with high efficiency and low pollution, significantly improving the performance and yield of diamond tools after brazing.

[0055] As Figures 1-7As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of self-sealing pushing components are circumferentially distributed on the upper side of the annular partition 27. The self-sealing pushing component includes a U-shaped frame 29 fixed on the annular partition 27 and opening towards the middle of the annular partition 27. A pushing plate 30 is slidably arranged inside the U-shaped frame 29, and the pushing plate 30 is also slidably connected to the surface of the annular partition 27. A push-pull cylinder B28 is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped frame 29, and the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B28 is fixedly connected to the pushing plate 30. Two limiting blocks 32 are respectively fixed on both sides of the open end of the U-shaped frame 29. A baffle plate 33 is slidably arranged between the two limiting blocks 32. A through hole is formed on the baffle plate 33. A linkage rod 31 is also fixed on the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B28. The linkage rod 31 passes through the baffle plate 33 and is slidably connected to the through hole. When the baffle plate 33 abuts against the surface of the annular partition 27, the area between the pushing plate 30 and the baffle plate 33 is the material placement area. When the push-pull cylinder B28 pushes the pushing plate 30 to move towards the middle of the annular partition 27, the baffle plate 33 is separated from the surface of the annular partition 27 until the pushing plate 30 completely pushes out the material in the material placement area.

[0056] Preferably, the baffle plate 33 can slide longitudinally, and the lower end surface of the limiting block 32 is located above the upper surface of the pushing plate 30, ensuring that the pushing plate 30 can move to any position.

[0057] Preferably, as Figure 5 shown, the linkage rod 31 includes an inclined section 37 and a vertical section 38. The lower end of the vertical section 38 is fixed on the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B28. One end of the inclined section 37 is connected to the upper end of the vertical section 38. The inclined section 37 passes through the baffle plate 33 and is slidably connected to the through hole, and the inclined section 37 is inclined downward at the end far from the vertical section 38. When the pushing plate 30 completely pushes out the material in the material placement area, the lower end of the baffle plate 33 is not separated from the limiting block 32, and the baffle plate 33 does not abut against the vertical section 38, ensuring the reliability of pushing. It should be noted that the inclination of the inclined section 37 can be arranged as required, so that the device can work reliably and there will be no interference between the pushing plate 30 and the baffle plate 33 during the movement of the pushing plate 30.

[0058] A conical cavity 41 is formed inside the bottom blanking cylinder 34, and the upper end of the conical cavity 41 is in communication and cooperation with the inner ring of the annular partition 27; the plugging assembly includes a plugging plate 39 capable of sealing the lower end of the conical cavity 41, and guide rails 40 are slidably arranged on both sides of the plugging plate 39 in a matching manner. The guide rails 40 are fixed to the lower end of the bottom blanking cylinder 34 to improve the reliability of the movement of the plugging plate 39; one end of the plugging plate 39 is fixedly provided with a push-pull cylinder C36 parallel to the guide rail 40, and the cylinder body of the push-pull cylinder C36 is also fixedly connected to the lower side of the annular partition 27 through a hanger 35. By controlling the movement of the plugging plate 39 through the push-pull cylinder C36, the communication between the batching cavity and the furnace cavity can be controlled, and the discharged material can fall into the melting and heating crucible 48.

[0059] In one embodiment, an air pipe A7 and an air pipe B8 are respectively installed on the vacuum pumping device 1, and a control valve A5 and a control valve B9 are respectively installed on the air pipe A7 and the air pipe B8. The end of the air pipe A7 far from the vacuum pumping device 1 is in communication with the upper side space of the annular partition 27, and the end of the air pipe B8 far from the vacuum pumping device 1 is in communication with the lower side space of the annular partition 27. An air pipe C23 is installed on the inert gas supply device 22, and an air pipe D25 is also installed on the air pipe C23. The end of the air pipe C23 far from the inert gas supply device 22 is in communication with the lower side space of the annular partition 27, and a control valve C24 is installed on the air pipe C23 between the air pipe D25 and the refining box 4, and a control valve D26 is also installed on the air pipe D25. The end of the air pipe D25 far from the air pipe C23 is in communication with the lower part of the inner cavity of the melting and heating crucible 48. By arranging the valves, it is convenient to control the vacuum pumping and the inert gas transportation; the end of the air pipe D25 far from the air pipe C23 is in communication with the lower part of the inner cavity of the melting and heating crucible 48 to improve the stirring effect of argon on the alloy solution.

[0060] A side sealing door 3 is also installed on the side wall of the refining box 4, which is convenient for adding materials into the melting and heating crucible 48 and cleaning and maintaining the melting and heating crucible 48, etc.; a top sealing door 6 is also installed on the top of the refining box 4, which is convenient for adding materials into the material placement area of the self-sealing pushing component.

[0061] As Figure 8 shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the melting and heating crucible 48 is a water-cooled copper crucible, which has a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole (not shown in the figure). Its temperature is maintained at a relatively low level through a water cooling system. For specific applications, reference can be made to the existing publicly available technologies, which will not be limited and elaborated here; a plurality of support legs 49 are circumferentially distributed and fixed at the bottom of the melting and heating crucible 48, and the lower ends of the support legs 49 are fixed to the inner cavity bottom of the refining box 4 to stably support the melting and heating crucible 48.

[0062] The melting and heating crucible 48 can be selected as needed. A water-cooled copper crucible or an induction melting crucible (such as a magnesia crucible) can be used. The induction heating function of the melting and heating crucible 48 can be arranged conventionally as needed to meet the heating requirements.

[0063] The melting assembly includes a rotating motor 42, a push-pull cylinder D43, a push-pull cylinder E44, an arc-shaped telescopic cylinder 45, a mounting seat 46, and an electrode 47. The rotating motor 42 is fixed to the lower side of the annular partition 27. A push-pull cylinder D43 is vertically fixed to the output end of the rotating motor 42. A push-pull cylinder E44 is horizontally fixed to the end of the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder D43. A mounting seat 46 is hinged to the end of the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder E44. An electrode 47 is fixed to the lower side of the mounting seat 46. An arc-shaped telescopic cylinder 45 with a circular arc structure is also fixed between the mounting seat 46 and the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder E44. The center of the arc-shaped telescopic cylinder 45 is located on the axis of the hinge shaft between the push-pull cylinder E44 and the mounting seat 46, which is beneficial for the arc-shaped telescopic cylinder 45 to adjust the angle of the electrode 47. During application, the rotating motor 42 can drive the electrode 47 to rotate. The push-pull cylinder D43 and the push-pull cylinder E44 respectively control the height and the horizontal position. With the superposition of the angle adjustment of the arc-shaped telescopic cylinder 45, the requirements for adjusting the electrode 47 to any angle and position can be met.

[0064] In addition, for the application of the electrode 47, reference can be made to the existing publicly available technologies, without specific limitations or elaborations.

[0065] Such as Figure 1 、 2 As shown in FIGS. 9, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction casting and forming assembly is installed upright on the upper side of the base 2 or installed upside down on the lower side of the base 2. Among them, the upright arrangement is shown in the figure (inconvenient for demolding, but easy for negative pressure control). When the upside-down arrangement is adopted, it is convenient for demolding, but the requirement for negative pressure control is high. It can be arranged according to actual needs.

[0066] The suction casting forming assembly includes a negative pressure device 10, a connecting pipe A 11, a mounting plate 12, a push-pull cylinder A 13, a mounting frame A 14, an upper mold 15, a mold base 16, a connecting pipe B 17, a hose 18, a mounting frame B 19, and a material guiding pipe 20. The mold base 16 is fixed on the base 2. The upper mold 15 is slidably arranged inside the mold base 16. The closed space formed by the upper mold 15 and the mold base 16 is a forming cavity 50. A plurality of push-pull cylinders A 13 are fixed on the upper mold 15. The cylinder body of the push-pull cylinder A 13 is also fixedly connected to the mounting plate 12. The mounting plate 12 is also fixedly provided with a mounting frame A 14. One end of the mounting frame A 14 away from the mounting plate 12 is fixed on the base 2. A connecting pipe B 17 communicating with the forming cavity 50 is also installed on the upper mold 15. The connecting pipe B 17 is connected to the connecting pipe A 11 through a hose 18. The connecting pipe A 11 is also connected to the negative pressure device 10. The negative pressure device 10 is fixed on the mounting frame B 19. One end of the mounting frame B 19 away from the negative pressure device 10 is fixedly connected to the base 2. The middle of the bottom of the inner cavity of the melting and heating crucible 48 is also connected to the middle of one end of the forming cavity 50 away from the upper mold 15 through a material guiding pipe 20. The volume of the forming cavity 50 can be adjusted by the push-pull cylinder A 13. After the push-pull cylinder A 13 is contracted to the limit, it is convenient to coat the release agent on the forming cavity 50 and take out the formed material. The negative pressure device 10 can be used for negative pressure suction, so that the alloy solution in the melting and heating crucible 48 is sucked into the forming cavity 50 for forming.

[0067] It should be noted that the shape of the forming cavity 50 and the matching design of the mold base 16 and the upper mold 15 are determined by the shape of the required brittle solder, that is, according to the shape of the required brittle solder, a reasonable structure of the mold base 16 and the upper mold 15 and their matching forms are designed, and then the shape of the forming cavity 50 is determined, which is not limited and will not be elaborated.

[0068] Preferably, a heating coil is installed on the material guiding pipe 20 to ensure the temperature of the alloy solution. A one-way valve 51 is installed at the connection between the material guiding pipe 20 and the forming cavity 50. The one-way valve 51 is used for the alloy solution in the material guiding pipe 20 to enter the forming cavity 50 and is cut off in the reverse direction. A control valve E (not shown) is also installed on the connecting pipe B 17, which can block the connecting pipe B 17 as needed after the forming cavity 50 is filled with the alloy solution, improving the reliability and quality of forming.

[0069] In addition, each component can be controlled by arranging an operation panel 21 on the mounting frame A 14. The models and circuit connections of each component are not specifically limited and can be flexibly set in actual applications. The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all prior arts, which can be fully realized by those skilled in the art without further elaboration. The content protected by the present invention does not involve improvements to software and methods.

[0070] Embodiment 2

[0071] As Figures 1-9As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a processing technology for a liquid extrusion forming device of a brittle solder, including the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Ultrasonically clean the alloy material with acetone solution and alcohol solution, and dry it with cold air blow;

[0073] Step 2: Put the processed materials into the self-sealing feeding component according to the proportion; meanwhile, add an appropriate amount of refining agent into the self-sealing feeding component according to the requirement;

[0074] Step 3: Use the vacuum pumping device 1 to control the vacuum pumping of the space below the annular partition 27 to a high vacuum state of ≤5×10 -3 MPa, and then use the inert gas supply device 22 to fill high-purity argon gas to make the vacuum degree in the furnace cavity reach 0.5 MPa; this process needs to be repeated three times;

[0075] Step 4: Arc melt and turn over the alloy pre-placed in the melting heating crucible 48 through the melting component;

[0076] Step 5: Use the vacuum pumping device 1 to control the vacuum pumping of the space above the annular partition 27 and make the vacuum degree reach 0.5 MPa. Push the remaining alloy materials into the melting heating crucible 48 in sequence through the self-sealing feeding component for melting, and add a refining agent. Use the inert gas supply device 22 to blow high-purity argon gas into the bottom of the melting heating crucible 48 for stirring to fully refine the liquid alloy and let it stand for 3 - 10 min at 950 - 1050 °C;

[0077] Step 6: Heat the melted alloy solution to 1100 °C, and use the suction casting forming component to suck the alloy solution into the forming cavity 50 by negative pressure extraction. After cooling and solidifying, a brittle solder is obtained.

[0078] The above embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid extrusion forming device and its process for a brittle solder, which has the following advantages:

[0079] The present invention realizes the efficient melting and suction casting forming of various alloy materials through the self-sealing feeding component, a controllable vacuum and inert gas environment, a flexibly adjustable electrode 47 position, and an efficient suction casting forming component.

[0080] The present invention integrates material addition, melting and suction casting into one, avoids multiple assemblies and vacuum pumping, reduces process pollution, shortens the processing cycle, realizes the short-process preparation of active solder, provides a brazing process in a vacuum furnace with strong reliability and high yield. After brazing, the diamond tool has a good macroscopic morphology, small thermal damage to diamond particles, high cutting edge height, low shedding rate, good wettability of the solder alloy to diamond, and good wear resistance of the brazed joint alloy.

[0081] In summary, through integrated design and control, the present invention realizes the preparation of active solders with high efficiency and low pollution, significantly improving the performance and yield of diamond tools after brazing.

[0082] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0083] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent for the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A liquid extrusion molding device for brittle solder, comprising a base (2), a vacuum pumping device (1), an inert gas supply device (22) and a negative pressure device (10), characterized in that: Also includes: A refining box (4) is fixedly mounted on the base (2). An annular partition (27) is fixedly mounted on the inner upper portion of the refining box (4). A plurality of self-sealing material pushing assemblies are mounted on the upper side of the annular partition (27). The self-sealing material pushing assemblies are used to limit the position of the material and control the material to be pushed out. A bottom barrel (34) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the annular partition (27), and a sealing assembly for sealing the bottom barrel (34) is also mounted on the lower end of the bottom barrel (34); The smelting and heating crucible (48) is fixedly mounted on the lower inner part of the refining box (4), and a smelting assembly for arc smelting the material in the smelting and heating crucible (48) is also mounted on the lower side of the annular partition (27), and the smelting assembly can arbitrarily adjust its position and angle in the bottom drop barrel (34); The vacuum pumping device (1) is used to control the vacuum pumping of the upper and lower spaces of the annular partition (27); the inert gas supply device (22) is used to transport inert gas to the lower space of the annular partition (27) and the inner cavity of the melting and heating crucible (48); The suction casting molding component is installed on the base (2). The suction casting molding component has a molding cavity (50) with adjustable volume. The suction casting molding component is used to suck the alloy solution that has been smelted in the smelting heating crucible (48) into the molding cavity (50) under negative pressure for molding to obtain a brittle solder.

2. The liquid extrusion molding device of brittle solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-sealing pusher assembly is circumferentially distributed on the upper side of the annular partition (27), and comprises a U-shaped frame (29) fixed on the annular partition (27) and with its opening facing the middle of the annular partition (27). A pusher plate (30) is slidably provided inside the U-shaped frame (29), and the pusher plate (30) is also slidably connected to the surface of the annular partition (27). A push-pull cylinder B (28) is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped frame (29), and the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B (28) is fixedly connected to the pusher plate (30); Two limit blocks (32) are fixed on both sides of the opening end of the U-shaped frame (29), a material blocking plate (33) is slidably arranged between the two limit blocks (32), a through hole is opened on the material blocking plate (33), and a linkage rod (31) is also fixed on the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B (28), and the linkage rod (31) passes through the material blocking plate (33) and is slidably connected with the through hole; When the material blocking plate (33) abuts against the surface of the annular partition plate (27), the area between the pushing plate (30) and the material blocking plate (33) becomes a material placement area; When the push-pull cylinder B (28) pushes the push plate (30) to move toward the middle of the annular partition (27), the baffle plate (33) separates from the surface of the annular partition (27) until the push plate (30) completely pushes the material out of the material placement area.

3. The liquid extrusion molding device of brittle solder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material blocking plate (33) is capable of sliding longitudinally, and the lower end surface of the limiting block (32) is located above the upper surface of the pushing plate (30); The linkage rod (31) comprises an inclined section (37) and a vertical section (38), the lower end of the vertical section (38) is fixed on the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder B (28), one end of the inclined section (37) is connected to the upper end of the vertical section (38), the inclined section (37) passes through the baffle plate (33) and is slidably connected to the through hole, and the inclined section (37) is inclined downward at one end away from the vertical section (38); When the pushing plate (30) completely pushes the material out of the material placement area, the lower end of the blocking plate (33) is not separated from the limiting block (32), and the blocking plate (33) is not in contact with the vertical section (38).

4. The liquid extrusion molding device of brittle solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical cavity (41) is provided on the inner side of the bottom dropping barrel (34), and the upper end of the conical cavity (41) is in communication with the inner ring of the annular partition (27); The blocking assembly comprises a blocking plate (39) capable of sealing the lower end of the conical cavity (41), and guide rails (40) are provided on both sides of the blocking plate (39) for sliding cooperation, and the guide rails (40) are fixed to the lower end of the bottom barrel (34); A push-pull cylinder C (36) is fixed to one end of the blocking plate (39) parallel to the guide rail (40), and the cylinder body of the push-pull cylinder C (36) is also fixedly connected to the lower side of the annular partition (27) through a hanger (35).

5. The liquid extrusion molding device of brittle solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum pumping device (1) is respectively provided with an air pipe A (7) and an air pipe B (8), and the air pipe A (7) and the air pipe B (8) are respectively provided with a control valve A (5) and a control valve B (9), the end of the air pipe A (7) away from the vacuum pumping device (1) is in communication with the upper space of the annular partition (27), and the end of the air pipe B (8) away from the vacuum pumping device (1) is in communication with the lower space of the annular partition (27); The inert gas supply device (22) is provided with an air pipe C (23), and an air pipe D (25) is further provided on the air pipe C (23). One end of the air pipe C (23) away from the inert gas supply device (22) is communicated with the lower space of the annular partition (27). A control valve C (24) is provided on the air pipe C (23) between the air pipe D (25) and the refining box (4). A control valve D (26) is further provided on the air pipe D (25). One end of the air pipe D (25) away from the air pipe C (23) is communicated with the lower part of the inner cavity of the smelting heating crucible (48).

6. The liquid extrusion molding device of brittle solder according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: A side sealing door (3) is also installed on the side wall of the refining box (4), and a top sealing door (6) is also installed on the top of the refining box (4); The smelting and heating crucible (48) is a water-cooled copper crucible. A plurality of legs (49) are fixedly distributed circumferentially at the bottom of the smelting and heating crucible (48). The lower ends of the legs (49) are fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the refining box (4).

7. The liquid extrusion molding device of brittle solder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The smelting assembly comprises a rotating motor (42), a push-pull cylinder D (43), a push-pull cylinder E (44), an arc-shaped telescopic cylinder (45), a mounting seat (46) and an electrode (47); The rotary motor (42) is fixed to the lower side of the annular partition (27); a push-pull cylinder D (43) is vertically fixed to the output end of the rotary motor (42); a push-pull cylinder E (44) is horizontally fixed to the end of the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder D (43); a mounting seat (46) is hinged to the end of the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder E (44); an electrode (47) is fixed to the lower side of the mounting seat (46); an arc-shaped telescopic cylinder (45) is also fixed between the mounting seat (46) and the telescopic core shaft of the push-pull cylinder E (44); the center of the arc-shaped telescopic cylinder (45) is located on the axis of the hinge shaft between the push-pull cylinder E (44) and the mounting seat (46).

8. The liquid extrusion molding device of brittle solder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The suction casting assembly is installed upright on the upper side of the base or inverted on the lower side of the base; The suction casting assembly comprises a negative pressure device (10), a connecting pipe A (11), a mounting plate (12), a push-pull cylinder A (13), a mounting frame A (14), an upper mold (15), a mold base (16), a connecting pipe B (17), a hose (18), a mounting frame B (19) and a material guide pipe (20); The mold base (16) is fixed on the base (2), an upper mold (15) is slidably provided on the inner side of the mold base (16), a closed space surrounded by the upper mold (15) and the mold base (16) is a molding cavity (50), a plurality of push-pull cylinders A (13) are fixed on the upper mold (15), the cylinder bodies of the push-pull cylinders A (13) are also fixedly connected to the mounting plate (12), a mounting frame A (14) is also fixed on the mounting plate (12), and one end of the mounting frame A (14) away from the mounting plate (12) is fixed on the base (2); The upper mold (15) is also provided with a connecting pipe B (17) in communication with the molding cavity (50); the connecting pipe B (17) is connected to the connecting pipe A (11) via a hose (18); the connecting pipe A (11) is also connected to the negative pressure device (10); the negative pressure device (10) is fixed to a mounting frame B (19); and one end of the mounting frame B (19) away from the negative pressure device (10) is connected and fixed to the base (2); The middle of the bottom of the inner cavity of the smelting and heating crucible (48) is also connected to the middle of one end of the molding cavity (50) away from the upper mold (15) through a material guide pipe (20).

9. The liquid extrusion molding device of brittle solder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material guiding pipe (20) is provided with a heating coil; A one-way valve (51) is installed at the connection between the material guide pipe (20) and the molding cavity (50), and the one-way valve (51) is used to allow the alloy solution in the material guide pipe (20) to enter the molding cavity (50) and to cut off the reverse direction; A control valve E is also installed on the connecting pipe B (17).

10. A processing technology of a liquid extrusion molding device for a brittle solder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: ultrasonically clean the alloy material with acetone solution and alcohol solution, and blow dry with cold air; Step 2: Put the processed materials into the self-sealing material pushing component according to the proportion; at the same time, add an appropriate amount of refining agent into the self-sealing material pushing component according to the demand; Step 3: Use the vacuum device (1) to control the vacuum of the lower space of the annular partition (27) to ≤5×10 -3 MPa high vacuum state, and then use the inert gas supply device (22) to fill high-purity argon gas to make the vacuum degree in the furnace chamber reach 0.5MPa; this process needs to be repeated three times; Step 4: arc melting and turning the alloy pre-placed in the melting and heating crucible (48) by means of a melting assembly; Step 5: Using the vacuum device (1), the upper space of the annular partition (27) is vacuumed to a degree of vacuum of 0.5 MPa, and the remaining alloy materials are pushed into the melting and heating crucible (48) in sequence through the self-sealing pushing assembly for melting, and a refining agent is added. Using the inert gas supply device (22), high-purity argon gas is blown into the bottom of the melting and heating crucible (48) for stirring, so that the liquid alloy is fully refined and allowed to stand at 950-1050° C. for 3-10 minutes; Step 6: The smelted alloy solution is heated to 1100° C., and the alloy solution is sucked into the molding cavity (50) by a suction casting molding component through negative pressure extraction, and a brittle solder is obtained after cooling and solidification.

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