Oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device and tail gas treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment, in particular to an oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device and a tail gas treatment method.The oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device comprises a base, a large-particle filtering unit is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, and a heat exchange assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the large-particle filtering unit; a spraying purification assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the heat exchange assembly, a purified gas conveying pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the spraying purification assembly, a gas conveying opening of the spraying purification assembly is fixedly connected with the heat exchange assembly, and a hydrogen extraction assembly is fixedly installed at an exhaust opening of the heat exchange assembly; the output end of the driving motor drives the lifting screw rod to rotate, the lifting screw rod drives the sleeve to move, inflated gas is compressed to reach set pressure, gas containing hydrogen is subjected to permeability extraction through the polyimide film, hydrogen in tail gas is extracted, and the purpose that the hydrogen in the tail gas is extracted is achieved. And the problem of resource waste caused by direct emission of hydrogen is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of treatment of tail gas from oil residue ammonia production, in particular to a device and a method for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production. Background Art

[0002] Oil residue (usually refers to heavy residues in the process of petroleum processing, such as vacuum residue, catalytic cracking oil slurry, etc.) can be used to produce synthetic ammonia through processes such as gasification or cracking. A large amount of tail gas will be generated in the process of making ammonia. The tail gas contains a variety of gas components. If it is directly discharged without effective treatment, it will have a certain impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to configure a tail gas treatment device to achieve tail gas treatment before discharge.

[0003] Hydrogen accounts for more than half of the tail gas produced by ammonia production. Currently, the tail gas is basically discharged directly after being reduced to below the explosion limit. Chinese utility model patent CN222173610U discloses a hydrogen-containing tail gas treatment device, including a reactor, a spray tower, an induced draft fan and an exhaust pipe. An induced draft port and an air blower are arranged on one side of the top of the reactor, an air outlet is arranged on the top of the spray tower, an air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the spray tower, the air blower is connected to the atmosphere, the induced draft port is connected to the air inlet pipeline, the air outlet is connected to the induced draft fan pipeline, and the induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust pipe. The hydrogen-containing tail gas treatment device of the utility model can achieve direct discharge treatment of the hydrogen-containing tail gas by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan so that the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen-containing tail gas is below 25% of the lower limit of the hydrogen explosion concentration, which is for rising.

[0004] Although the above technical scheme can effectively control the concentration of hydrogen in the tail gas, reduce its explosion risk, and realize direct discharge treatment, it has certain limitations. As a high-value energy gas, hydrogen has good flammability and high recycling potential. If it is only treated by dilution and discharge, it will not only cause a waste of resources, but also fail to achieve the comprehensive utilization of hydrogen. At the same time, direct discharge of hydrogen still has safety hazards at a certain concentration, and cannot meet the higher requirements for resource utilization, low carbonization and safe treatment of tail gas. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tail gas treatment technology that can not only ensure emission safety but also efficiently recover hydrogen resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for treating tail gas from oil residue to ammonia, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an ammonia tail gas treatment device for oil residue, including a base, a large particle filtration unit is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, a heat exchange component is fixedly installed on one side of the large particle filtration unit, a spray purification component is fixedly installed on one side of the heat exchange component, two groups of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchange component, the output port of the large particle filtration unit is connected to the input port of the spray purification component after being connected in series with one group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange component, and the output port of the spray purification component is connected with a hydrogen extraction component after being connected in series with the other group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange component; The hydrogen extraction component includes a hydrogen extraction tank, a hydrogen delivery pipe for connecting with the heat exchange component is fixedly installed at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank, a membrane group box is fixedly installed outside the upper part of the hydrogen extraction tank, two driving rollers are rotatably installed in the membrane group box, a polyimide membrane is wound around the two driving rollers, membrane openings are formed on both sides of the hydrogen extraction tank, the polyimide membrane passes through the membrane openings and is located inside the hydrogen extraction tank, and a pressurization unit is installed at the bottom of the hydrogen extraction tank.

[0007] Further, the pressurization unit includes a pressurization piston, the pressurization piston is slidably installed in the hydrogen extraction tank, a sleeve is fixedly installed on the lower side of the pressurization piston, a lifting screw rod is screwed in the sleeve, a support is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, the top end of the support is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hydrogen extraction tank, a limiting rod is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, and the pressurization piston is slidably connected with the limiting rod.

[0008] Further, a pressure sensor is fixedly installed at the top end of the limiting rod, a driving motor is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting screw rod.

[0009] Further, a hydrogen pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydrogen extraction tank, a hydrogen valve is installed on the hydrogen pipe, an exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank, an exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust pipe, a hydrogen flame arrester is fixedly installed at one end of the exhaust pipe, and a primary hydrogen sensor and a secondary hydrogen sensor are installed in the hydrogen extraction tank, and the primary hydrogen sensor and the secondary hydrogen sensor are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the membrane group box.

[0010] Further, two film changing motors are fixedly installed on one side of the membrane group box, and the output ends of the two film changing motors are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the two driving rollers.

[0011] Further, the heat exchange component includes a heat exchange box, in which an intake air heat exchange pipe is fixedly installed. One end of the intake air heat exchange pipe extends outside the heat exchange box and is fixedly connected to the large particle filtration unit. The other end of the intake air heat exchange pipe is fixedly connected to a pressurization pipe, and the pressurization pipe extends outside the heat exchange box and is fixedly connected to the spray purification component. A flow dividing pipe is installed at the top of the heat exchange box. A plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes are installed on the lower side of the flow dividing pipe. A collecting pipe is installed at the bottom of the heat exchange box. The bottoms of the plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes are all communicated with the collecting pipe. A purified gas delivery pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the flow dividing pipe. The other end of the purified gas delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the output port of the spray purification component. One side of the flow dividing pipe is fixedly connected to one end of a hydrogen delivery pipe.

[0012] Further, the spray purification component includes a spray tower, which is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base. The top end of the spray tower is fixedly connected to the input port of the hydrogen delivery pipe. A small particle filtration unit is installed at the input port of the spray tower. A sewage pipe is fixedly installed on the lower side of the spray tower, and a sewage valve is installed on the sewage pipe.

[0013] Further, the small particle filtration unit includes a spray delivery pipe. One end of the spray delivery pipe is communicated with the input port of the spray tower, and the other end is fixedly installed with a filtration box. Inside the filtration box, a primary filter plate, a secondary filter plate, and a tertiary filter plate are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction. A filtration delivery pipe is fixedly installed on the air intake side of the filtration box, and the other end of the filtration delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the pressurization pipe.

[0014] Further, the large particle filtration unit includes a particle capture box. The inner wall of the particle capture box is fixedly installed with a particle capture net. One side of the particle capture box is fixedly connected to the input port of the intake air heat exchange pipe, and the other side of the particle capture box is fixedly installed with an intake pipe.

[0015] A tail gas treatment method for an oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device as described above includes the following steps: S1. Input the tail gas generated from oil residue ammonia production into the large particle filtration unit. The tail gas is preliminarily filtered through the large particle filtration unit and then cooled through the heat exchange component. The cooled tail gas absorbs the soluble components in the tail gas through the spray purification component. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the heat exchange component again for heating. S2. When the gas containing hydrogen enters the hydrogen extraction tank, the gas is pressurized through the pressurization unit. Hydrogen passes through the polyimide membrane and enters the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank, while the remaining impurity gases remain in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank. S3. Send the hydrogen in the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank into the hydrogen storage tank for storage, and discharge the gas in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The output end of the driving motor drives the lifting screw to rotate. The lifting screw drives the sleeve to move. The sleeve drives the boosting piston to move. Under the limiting action of the limiting rod, the boosting piston moves upward along the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank to compress the filled gas, making it reach the established pressure and permeating and extracting the gas containing hydrogen through the polyimide membrane, achieving the purpose of extracting hydrogen from the tail gas and avoiding the problem of resource waste caused by direct emission of hydrogen.

[0017] 2. The spray tower sprays purified water through the spray heads in the spray tower to absorb gases such as ammonia in the gas that are soluble in water. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the shunt pipe through the purified gas delivery pipe and enters the heat exchange box through multiple purified gas heat exchange pipes on the lower side of the shunt pipe. The gas is heated by the heat exchange water in the heat exchange box, achieving the reuse of the heat of the tail gas, increasing the hydrogen extraction efficiency and enhancing the environmental protection of the equipment.

[0018] 3. The output ends of the two membrane replacement motors drive the corresponding driving rollers to move simultaneously. The two driving rollers drive the same polyimide membrane to move, moving the area of the polyimide membrane that has not participated in the permeation extraction to the inside of the hydrogen extraction tank, achieving the effect of quickly replacing the polyimide membrane and ensuring the hydrogen extraction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the overall sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged structural schematic diagram of area A in Figure 4 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the membrane group box of the present invention; Figure 5 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen extraction tank in the present invention; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the polyimide membrane and its related structures in the present invention; Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange component in the present invention; Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the spray tower and its related structures in the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. base; 2. particle capture box; 3. heat exchange box; 4. spray tower; 5. hydrogen extraction tank; 6. air intake pipe; 7. particle capture net; 8. air intake heat exchange pipe; 9. booster pipe; 10. membrane module box; 11. filter box; 12. primary filter plate; 13. secondary filter plate; 14. tertiary filter plate; 15. spray delivery pipe; 16. filter delivery pipe; 17. drive motor; 18. bracket; 19. casing; 20. lifting screw; 21. booster piston ; 22. Primary hydrogen sensor; 23. Polyimide membrane; 24. Membrane replacement motor; 25. Diverter pipe; 26. Purified gas delivery pipe; 27. Purified gas heat exchange pipe; 28. Collector; 29. ​​Hydrogen delivery pipe; 30. Pressure sensor; 31. Sewage pipe; 32. Sewage valve; 33. Limit rod; 34. Exhaust valve; 35. Hydrogen flame arrester; 36. Exhaust pipe; 37. Hydrogen pipe; 38. Hydrogen valve; 39. Drive roller; 40. Secondary hydrogen sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, people familiar with the art should understand that the detailed description given here in conjunction with the drawings is for better explanation, and the structure of the present invention necessarily exceeds these limited embodiments. For some equivalent replacement schemes or common means, they are no longer described in detail herein, but still belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] Figures 1 to 8 The best embodiment of the present invention is shown below in conjunction with the attached Figures 1 to 8 The present invention is further described.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device comprises a base 1, a large particle filter unit is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base 1, a heat exchange component is fixedly installed on one side of the large particle filter unit, a spray purification component is fixedly installed on one side of the heat exchange component, two groups of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchange component, the output port of the large particle filter unit is connected in series with a group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange component and then connected to the input port of the spray purification component, the output port of the spray purification component is connected in series with another group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange component and then connected to the hydrogen extraction component.

[0024] The hydrogen extraction component includes a hydrogen extraction tank 5, a hydrogen delivery pipe 29 for connecting to the heat exchange component is fixedly installed at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, a membrane assembly box 10 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, and a sealing arrangement is arranged between the membrane assembly box 10 and the hydrogen extraction tank 5. Two driving rollers 39 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the membrane assembly box 10 through bearings, and the two driving rollers 39 are both wrapped with polyimide membranes 23. Membrane ports are opened on both sides of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, and the membrane ports are located in the membrane assembly box 10. The polyimide membrane 23 passes through the membrane ports and penetrates the hydrogen extraction tank 5. A booster unit is installed at the bottom of the hydrogen extraction tank 5.

[0025] It should be noted that since the film orifice presses tightly against the polyimide film 23, the gas leaking from the film orifice can be ignored. Further, since the membrane module box 10 is a closed box, even if leakage occurs at the film orifice, it will not affect the entire working process.

[0026] With the above structure, a large particle filtration unit, a heat exchange component, a spray purification component, and a hydrogen extraction component are sequentially installed on the upper side of the base 1. When the tail gas generated from ammonia production from oil slag enters the device, first, the large particle filtration unit preliminarily filters the large particle impurities in the gas. The filtered gas passes through the heat exchange component to reduce the gas temperature, and then enters the spray purification component to remove the gases soluble in water such as ammonia in the gas. Then, the gas containing hydrogen passes through the heat exchange component again to be heated to enhance its activity, and then enters the hydrogen extraction component for hydrogen purification. The hydrogen extraction tank 5 is divided into upper and lower regions through the film orifice. The upper region is smaller than the lower region. The hydrogen delivery pipe 29 is installed in the lower region, and a one-way valve is installed thereon. The direction of the one-way valve is from the outside to the inside of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The polyimide film 23 is an existing material, and it can screen and purify hydrogen by pressurizing the gas. There is no need to elaborate here. The polyimide film 23 penetrates through the hydrogen extraction tank 5 through the film orifice and is used to purify the hydrogen in the gas in the lower side of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The two driving rollers 39 are of the same size and are symmetrically installed on both sides of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. An unused polyimide film 23 is wound around one of the driving rollers 39, and the other is to collect the used polyimide film 23. When the gas enters the lower region of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, the lower gas is pressurized by the pressurizing unit. The pressurized gas then extracts hydrogen through the polyimide film 23. The extracted hydrogen enters the upper side of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, thus completing the extraction of hydrogen in the gas.

[0027] In this embodiment, the polyimide film 23 can adopt a chemically cross-linked carboxyl-containing polyimide hydrogen separation membrane disclosed in the patent application CN113578076A.

[0028] Furthermore, the pressurizing unit includes a pressurizing piston 21 which is slidably installed in the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The pressurizing piston 21 is located at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. A sleeve 19 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the pressurizing piston 21. The inner wall of the sleeve 19 is threadedly connected with a lifting screw 20. A bracket 18 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base 1. The top end of the bracket 18 is fixedly connected with the lower side of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. A limiting rod 33 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base 1. The limiting rod 33 extends into the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The pressurizing piston 21 is slidably connected with the limiting rod 33. The limiting rod 33 can limit the pressurizing piston 21 to prevent the pressurizing piston 21 from rotating. In this embodiment, the upper dead point of the stroke of the pressurizing piston 21 is set lower than the hydrogen delivery pipe 29 to prevent the gas in the hydrogen delivery pipe 29 from being discharged to the atmosphere through the bottom of the hydrogen extraction tank 5.

[0029] With the above structure, the pressurizing piston 21 fits against the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, and a rubber ring is arranged in the contact area to improve the tightness. The limiting rod 33 passes through the pressurizing piston 21 and is slidably connected with it, and sealing measures are also taken in the sliding area to ensure airtightness. The height of the limiting rod 33 is greater than the highest position that the pressurizing piston 21 can move to, which is convenient for limiting the pressurizing piston 21. The lifting screw 20 drives the sleeve 19 to move, and the sleeve 19 drives the pressurizing piston 21 to move. Under the limiting action of the limiting rod 33, the pressurizing piston 21 moves upward along the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5 to compress the filled gas and increase its pressure.

[0030] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 30 is fixedly installed at the top end of the limiting rod 33. A driving motor 17 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base 1. The output end of the driving motor 17 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lifting screw 20.

[0031] With the above structure, the pressure sensor 30 is installed in the highest position area that the pressurizing piston 21 can move to for monitoring the gas pressure. The driving motor 17 is a servo motor, which can drive the lifting screw 20 to continuously apply pressure to the gas. By setting the threshold value of the pressure of the pressure sensor 30, when the pressure is lower than this threshold value, the output end of the driving motor 17 will drive the lifting screw rod to rotate to pressurize the gas, so as to maintain a constant pressure during hydrogen extraction and ensure the permeation efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, a hydrogen pipe 37 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, a hydrogen valve 38 is installed on the hydrogen pipe 37, an exhaust pipe 36 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, an exhaust valve 34 is installed on the exhaust pipe 36, a hydrogen flame arrester 35 is fixedly installed at one end of the exhaust pipe 36, a primary hydrogen sensor 22 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, the primary hydrogen sensor 22 is electrically connected to the exhaust valve 34, a secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is electrically connected to the hydrogen valve 38, wherein the primary hydrogen sensor 22 is located below the membrane module box 10, and the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is located above the membrane module box 10. In this embodiment, the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is located at the top of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The hydrogen sensor is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen.

[0033] With the above structure, both the primary hydrogen sensor 22 and the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 are prior arts, which can monitor the hydrogen content in the gas per unit volume. In this device, the primary hydrogen sensor 22 detects the hydrogen concentration of the gas to be extracted, and the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 detects the concentration of the hydrogen area after extraction. In this device, the purpose of setting the primary hydrogen sensor 22 is mainly to detect the hydrogen concentration in the gas at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. Only when the hydrogen concentration is lower than the explosion limit can the exhaust valve 34 be opened to discharge the gas at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, and the discharged gas is discharged after being treated. In this embodiment, the waste gas discharged from the hydrogen extraction tank 5 is mainly incinerated. The secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is mainly used to detect the hydrogen concentration at the upper part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, that is, to detect the concentration of the extracted hydrogen. After the hydrogen concentration on the upper side reaches the required concentration, the hydrogen valve 38 can be opened at this time, and the hydrogen meeting the concentration requirements is transported through the hydrogen pipe 37 to the hydrogen collection mechanism to complete the extraction and collection of hydrogen. In this embodiment, the hydrogen collection mechanism can be a hydrogen storage tank, and a hydrogen compressor is provided between the hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen pipe 37.

[0034] It should be noted that before working, a certain amount of hydrogen needs to be stored in the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, which can not only prevent air from entering the hydrogen extraction tank 5, but also the hydrogen in the upper part can occupy a certain space to discharge the air in the upper space and ensure the hydrogen concentration in the upper space.

[0035] Furthermore, two film changing motors 24 are fixedly installed on one side of the membrane module box 10, and the output ends of the two film changing motors 24 are fixedly connected to one ends of two driving rollers 39. It is also possible to only set a film changing motor 24 on one side of the winding driving roller 39 and set a damping at the unwinding driving roller 39. The advantage of setting two film changing motors 24 is that the tension of the polyimide film 23 can be adjusted, and the polyimide film 23 can be loosened or tightened as needed.

[0036] With the above structure, when the film-changing motor 24 is not driven, it can brake the two driving rollers 39 to prevent the two driving rollers 39 from rotating on their own. Furthermore, when the polyimide film 23 is working, it can be ensured that the polyimide film 23 will not move due to pressure problems. When the two film-changing motors 24 are working, they will rotate synchronously in one direction to replace the polyimide film 23.

[0037] Furthermore, the heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchange box 3. An intake air heat exchange pipe 8 is fixedly installed in the heat exchange box 3. One end of the intake air heat exchange pipe 8 extends to the outside of the heat exchange box 3 and is fixedly connected to the output port of the large particle filtration unit. The other end of the intake air heat exchange pipe 8 is fixedly connected to a pressurization pipe 9. The pressurization pipe 9 extends to the outside of the heat exchange box 3 and is fixedly connected to the input port of the spray purification assembly. The inner diameter of the pressurization pipe 9 is smaller than that of the intake air heat exchange pipe 8. A shunt pipe 25 is installed at the top of the heat exchange box 3. Multiple purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 are installed on the lower side of the shunt pipe 25. A manifold pipe 28 is installed at the bottom of the heat exchange box 3. The bottom ends of the multiple purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 are simultaneously communicated with the manifold pipe 28. A purified gas delivery pipe 26 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the shunt pipe 25. The other end of the purified gas delivery pipe 26 is connected to the output port of the spray purification assembly. The side of the manifold pipe 28 is fixedly connected to one end of a hydrogen delivery pipe 29.

[0038] The intake air heat exchange pipe 8 and the pressurization pipe 9 are combined into a set of heat exchange pipes, while the shunt pipe 25, the purified gas heat exchange pipes 27, and the manifold pipe 28 are combined into another set of heat exchange pipes.

[0039] Furthermore, the heat exchange box 3 is filled with constant temperature water, which can not only cool the gas after large particle filtration but also heat the gas after spray adsorption. To ensure the constant temperature of the gas in the heat exchange box 3, a constant temperature water tank can be connected in the heat exchange box 3, and a circulation pump can be set between the constant temperature water tank and the heat exchange box 3 to ensure the constant temperature of the water in the heat exchange box 3.

[0040] With the above structure, the intake heat exchange tube 8 in the heat exchange box 3 is in an S shape, which is used to increase its heat exchange area. One end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the output port of the large particle filtration unit, and a booster tube 9 is installed at the other end. Its diameter is smaller than the radius of the intake heat exchange tube 8, which can increase the gas flow rate, ensure the initial velocity of the gas entering the small particle filtration unit, and improve the filtration rate. A flow diversion tube 25 is installed on the upper side of the heat exchange box 3, and a flow collection tube 28 is installed at the lower side. Purified gas heat exchange tubes 27 are installed at equal intervals between them. The purified gas heat exchange tubes 27 are interspersed between the intake heat exchange tubes 8 to facilitate improving the heat exchange efficiency between the two gases. A one-way valve is installed on the purified gas delivery tube 26 installed on the upper side of the flow collection tube 28, and its direction is from the spray purification component to the inside of the flow collection tube 28. The filtered gas enters the heat exchange box 3 through the intake heat exchange tube 8, and the gas is heat-exchanged and cooled by the heat exchange water in the heat exchange box 3. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the flow diversion tube 25 through the purified gas delivery tube 26, and enters the heat exchange box 3 through multiple purified gas heat exchange tubes 27 on the lower side of the flow diversion tube 25. The gas is heated by the heat exchange water containing heat after heat exchange in the heat exchange box 3 to increase its activity.

[0041] Further, the spray purification component includes a spray tower 4. The spray tower 4 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base 1. The top of the spray tower 4 is fixedly connected to the input end of the hydrogen delivery tube 29. A small particle filtration unit is installed at the intake end of the spray tower 4. A sewage pipe 31 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the spray tower 4, and a sewage valve 32 is installed on the sewage pipe 31.

[0042] With the above structure, the spray tower 4 is a prior art. It can absorb gases such as ammonia dissolved in water in the gas by spraying purified water from the spray heads in the spray tower 4. A sewage pipe 31 is also installed at the bottom of the spray tower 4. During use, an external sewage treatment device needs to be connected to discharge the sewage.

[0043] Further, the small particle filtration unit includes a spray delivery pipe 15. The output end of the spray delivery pipe 15 is communicated with the intake end of the spray tower 4. A filtration box 11 is fixedly installed at the input end of the spray delivery pipe 15. A primary filter plate 12, a secondary filter plate 13, and a tertiary filter plate 14 are sequentially arranged in the filtration box 11 along the gas flow direction. The primary filter plate 12, the secondary filter plate 13, and the tertiary filter plate 14 are all slidably connected to the filtration box 11 to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of each filter plate. A filtration delivery pipe 16 is fixedly installed on the intake side of the filtration box 11, and the other end of the filtration delivery pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the output pipe of the booster tube 9. In this embodiment, the gas sent into the filtration box 11 through the filtration delivery pipe 16 passes through the primary filter plate 12, the secondary filter plate 13, and the tertiary filter plate 14 in sequence and then is sent into the spray tower 4 through the spray delivery pipe 15.

[0044] With the above structure, a check valve is installed on the spray delivery pipe 15, and its direction is from the filter box 11 to the spray tower 4 to prevent gas backflow. Inside the filter box 11, a primary filter plate 12, a secondary filter plate 13, and a tertiary filter plate 14 are installed in sequence. The pore radius of the filter screen decreases successively, which is convenient for step-by-step filtration to improve the filtration rate. Moreover, the filter plate is made of corrosion-resistant material, such as a ceramic filter plate, to prevent gas corrosion and extend the service life.

[0045] Furthermore, the large-particle filtration unit includes a particle capture box 2. The inner wall of the particle capture box 2 is fixedly installed with a particle capture net 7. One side of the particle capture box 2 is fixedly connected to the input end of the intake heat exchange pipe 8, and the other side of the particle capture box 2 is fixedly installed with an intake pipe 6. In this embodiment, the particle capture net 7 is in an inclined shape that gradually rises along the gas flow direction. After filtering out the large particles, the large particles roll downward along the particle capture net 7 and thus roll to the bottom of the particle capture box 2 to avoid interfering with the continuous filtration of the gas.

[0046] Working principle: When the device is in use, first inject a sufficient amount of heat exchange water into the heat exchange box 3, then externally connect the sewage pipe 31 at the bottom of the spray tower 4 to a sewage treatment device, and then externally connect the hydrogen pipe 37 to a hydrogen collection device, such as connecting a hydrogen compressor and a hydrogen storage tank in sequence, to complete the preliminary preparation work.

[0047] The tail gas generated by ammonia production from oil slag is transported to the particle capture box 2 through the intake pipe 6 by a booster. The tail gas first passes through the particle capture net 7 to capture large-particle impurities in the tail gas for primary filtration. The filtered gas enters the heat exchange box 3 through the intake heat exchange pipe 8, and the heat exchange water in the heat exchange box 3 is used to cool the gas by heat exchange to prevent gasification when entering the spray tower 4. The heat-exchanged gas then passes through the booster pipe 9 to increase the gas flow rate and is transported to the filter box 11 through the filter delivery pipe 16. The small-particle impurities in the gas are filtered three times in sequence through the primary filter plate 12, secondary filter plate 13, and tertiary filter plate 14 in the filter box 11. After the filtration is completed, it is transported to the spray tower 4 through the spray delivery pipe 15. Start the spray tower 4, and the purified water sprayed by the spray heads in the spray tower 4 is used to absorb the ammonia gas and other gases soluble in water in the gas. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the shunt pipe 25 through the purified gas delivery pipe 26 and enters the heat exchange box 3 through multiple purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 on the lower side of the shunt pipe 25. The constant-temperature water in the heat exchange box 3 is used to heat the gas to ensure the gas temperature. It is concentrated through the manifold pipe 28 and transported to the hydrogen extraction tank 5 through the hydrogen delivery pipe 29.

[0048] After the gas enters the hydrogen extraction tank 5, it is located between the polyimide membrane 23 and the pressurizing piston 21. At this time, the driving motor 17 is started. The output end of the driving motor 17 drives the lifting screw 20 to rotate. The lifting screw 20 drives the sleeve 19 to move. The sleeve 19 drives the pressurizing piston 21 to move. Under the limiting action of the limiting rod 33, the pressurizing piston 21 moves upward along the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5 to compress the charged gas. The pressure sensor 30 detects the pressure in the hydrogen extraction tank 5. When the pressure reaches the set pressure value, the pressurization stops. The pressure sensor 30 and the driving motor 17 cooperate to ensure the stable pressure in the hydrogen extraction tank 5. When the polyimide membrane 23 selectively permeates and filters hydrogen, the hydrogen enters the upper region of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. At this time, the gas pressure decreases, and the driving motor 17 is started again to maintain the pressure of the permeated gas.

[0049] During the process of hydrogen extraction, the hydrogen concentration of the gas to be extracted is detected by the primary hydrogen sensor 22, and the concentration of the hydrogen region after extraction is detected by the secondary hydrogen sensor 40. When the detection value of the primary hydrogen sensor 22 reaches the set concentration, the exhaust valve 34 is opened. The exhaust pipe 36 discharges the gas with a low hydrogen content after filtration and is discharged after treatment. When the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 reaches the established concentration value, the hydrogen valve 38 is opened to transport the extracted high-purity hydrogen to the hydrogen collection mechanism through the hydrogen pipe 37, completing the extraction and collection of hydrogen. During the hydrogen extraction process, if the extraction time is prolonged and the extraction efficiency is reduced, by starting two membrane replacement motors 24 at the same time, the output ends of the two membrane replacement motors 24 drive the corresponding driving rollers 39 to move at the same time. One of the driving rollers 39 releases a new polyimide membrane 23, and the other driving roller 39 winds up the used polyimide membrane 23, so that the polyimide membrane 23 region that has not participated in the permeation extraction moves into the hydrogen extraction tank 5, achieving the purpose of quickly replacing the polyimide membrane 23 and ensuring the hydrogen extraction efficiency.

[0050] The present invention also provides a method for treating the tail gas of ammonia production from oil slag, including the following specific use steps: S1. Input the tail gas generated by ammonia production from oil slag into the large-particle filtration unit. The tail gas is preliminarily filtered by the large-particle filtration unit, and then cooled by the heat exchange component. The cooled tail gas absorbs the soluble components in the tail gas through the spray purification component. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the heat exchange component again for heating. S2. When the gas containing hydrogen enters the hydrogen extraction tank 5, the gas is pressurized by the pressurization unit. Hydrogen passes through the polyimide membrane 23 and enters the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, while the remaining impurity gases remain in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. S3. Feed the hydrogen in the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5 into the hydrogen storage tank for storage, and discharge the gas in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5.

[0051] As described above, it is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not a limitation of the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution content of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia tail gas treatment device made of oil residue, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A large-particle filtration unit is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base (1). A heat exchange component is fixedly installed on one side of the large-particle filtration unit. A spray purification component is fixedly installed on one side of the heat exchange component. Two groups of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchange component. The output port of the large-particle filtration unit is connected to the input port of the spray purification component after being connected in series with one group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange component. The output port of the spray purification component is connected to a hydrogen extraction component after being connected in series with the other group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange component; The hydrogen extraction component includes a hydrogen extraction tank (5). A hydrogen delivery pipe (29) for connecting with the heat exchange component is fixedly installed at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank (5). A membrane group box (10) is fixedly installed outside the upper part of the hydrogen extraction tank (5). Two driving rollers (39) are rotatably installed in the membrane group box (10). A polyimide membrane (23) is wound around the two driving rollers (39). Membrane openings are formed on both sides of the hydrogen extraction tank (5). The polyimide membrane (23) passes through the membrane openings and is located inside the hydrogen extraction tank (5). A pressurization unit is installed at the bottom of the hydrogen extraction tank (5).

2. The ammonia tail gas treatment device for oil residue production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurization unit includes a pressurization piston (21). The pressurization piston (21) is slidably installed in the hydrogen extraction tank (5). A sleeve (19) is fixedly installed on the lower side of the pressurization piston (21). A lifting screw rod (20) is screwed in the sleeve (19). A bracket (18) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base (1). The top end of the bracket (18) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hydrogen extraction tank (5). A limiting rod (33) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base (1). The pressurization piston (21) is slidably connected to the limiting rod (33).

3. The ammonia tail gas treatment device for oil residue as claimed in claim 2, wherein: A pressure sensor (30) is fixedly installed at the top end of the limiting rod (33). A driving motor (17) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base (1). The output end of the driving motor (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting screw rod (20).

4. An ammonia tail gas treatment device made from oil residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen pipe (37) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydrogen extraction tank (5). A hydrogen valve (38) is installed on the hydrogen pipe (37). An exhaust pipe (36) is fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank (5). An exhaust valve (34) is installed on the exhaust pipe (36). A hydrogen flame arrester (35) is fixedly installed at one end of the exhaust pipe (36). A primary hydrogen sensor (22) and a secondary hydrogen sensor (40) are installed in the hydrogen extraction tank (5). The primary hydrogen sensor (22) and the secondary hydrogen sensor (40) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the membrane group box (10).

5. An ammonia tail gas treatment device for oil residue production, according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two film-changing motors (24) are fixedly installed on one side of the membrane group box (10). The output ends of the two film-changing motors (24) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the two driving rollers (39).

6. The ammonia tail gas treatment device for oil residue production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange component includes a heat exchange box (3), in which an intake air heat exchange pipe (8) is fixedly installed. One end of the intake air heat exchange pipe (8) extends outside the heat exchange box (3) and is fixedly connected to the large particle filtration unit. The other end of the intake air heat exchange pipe (8) is fixedly connected to a pressurization pipe (9). The pressurization pipe (9) extends outside the heat exchange box (3) and is fixedly connected to the spray purification component. A flow diversion pipe (25) is installed at the top of the heat exchange box (3). A plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes (27) are installed on the lower side of the flow diversion pipe (25). A collection pipe (28) is installed at the bottom of the heat exchange box (3). The bottoms of the plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes (27) are all communicated with the collection pipe (28). A purified gas delivery pipe (26) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the flow diversion pipe (25). The other end of the purified gas delivery pipe (26) is fixedly connected to the output port of the spray purification component. One side of the flow diversion pipe (25) is fixedly connected to one end of a hydrogen delivery pipe (29).

7. An ammonia tail gas treatment device for oil residue production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray purification component includes a spray tower (4), which is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base (1). The top end of the spray tower (4) is fixedly connected to the input port of the hydrogen delivery pipe (29). A small particle filtration unit is installed at the input port of the spray tower (4). A sewage pipe (31) is fixedly installed on the lower side of the spray tower (4). A sewage valve (32) is installed on the sewage pipe (31).

8. An ammonia tail gas treatment device for oil residue making according to claim 7, characterized in that: The small particle filtration unit includes a spray delivery pipe (15). One end of the spray delivery pipe (15) is communicated with the input port of the spray tower (4), and the other end is fixedly installed with a filtration box (11). Inside the filtration box (11), a primary filter plate (12), a secondary filter plate (13), and a tertiary filter plate (14) are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction. A filtration delivery pipe (16) is fixedly installed on the air intake side of the filtration box (11). The other end of the filtration delivery pipe (16) is fixedly connected to the output end of the pressurization pipe (9).

9. The ammonia tail gas treatment device for oil residue ammonia production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The large particle filtration unit includes a particle capture box (2), in which a particle capture net (7) is fixedly installed on the inner wall. One side of the particle capture box (2) is fixedly connected to the input port of the intake air heat exchange pipe (8). The other side of the particle capture box (2) is fixedly installed with an intake pipe (6).

10. A method for treating tail gas of an oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Input the tail gas generated from the production of ammonia from oil residue into the large particle filtration unit. The tail gas is preliminarily filtered by the large particle filtration unit, and then cooled by the heat exchange component. The cooled tail gas absorbs the soluble components in the tail gas through the spray purification component. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the heat exchange component again for heating; S2. When the gas containing hydrogen enters the hydrogen extraction tank (5), the gas is pressurized by the pressurization unit. Hydrogen passes through the polyimide membrane (23) and enters the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank (5), while the remaining impurity gases remain in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank (5); S3. Send the hydrogen in the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank (5) into the hydrogen storage tank for storage, and discharge the gas in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank (5).

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