External-use spray for treating myiasis of livestock wounds and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a topical spray for treating myiasis on livestock wounds and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of veterinary drug preparations. The topical spray comprises, by volume, an insecticidal active component: 2-4 parts of diazinon; 0.5-1 parts of wormwood oil; 2-3 parts of peppermint oil; a solvent carrier component: 50-70 parts of xylene; 30-50 parts of diesel; and an emulsifier component: 2-8 parts of emulsifier. In the present invention, the diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide, and has a good killing effect on various mites, flies, lice, and ticks; the wormwood oil has the effects of anti-allergy, anti-inflammatory, blood-activating, antibacterial, antiviral, analgesic, immunity-enhancing, and antioxidant; and the peppermint oil has the effects of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, and penetration-promoting. The diazinon is used in combination with the wormwood oil and the peppermint oil to enhance the insecticidal effect of the diazinon. Meanwhile, the wormwood oil and the peppermint oil can reduce the irritation of the diazinon to animal skin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary drug preparations, and in particular relates to an external-use spray for treating myiasis in livestock wounds and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Despite a series of recent studies on wound myiasis, deficiencies remain in the prevention, treatment, and prevention of this disease. Herders often remove the maggots manually or with pliers, then apply edible oil, pyrethroids, organophosphorus drugs, or medicated baths for treatment. However, these methods present difficulties in securing livestock, inconvenient medication administration, and unsatisfactory results, resulting in significant economic losses for the livestock industry.

[0003] Chinese patent document publication number CN203087198U discloses a fly repellent for camels. The device is used to prevent and treat vaginal myiasis in camels. The principle is that the fly repellent contains diazinon (diazinon, thiophosphate), which can effectively prevent vaginal myiasis in camels through the release of its medicinal properties.

[0004] Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide with contact, stomach poison, fumigation and weak systemic effects. It has a good killing effect on various mites, flies, lice and ticks. However, its efficacy is not significant. At the same time, as an organophosphorus insecticide, diazinon is irritating to animal skin. After use, animals often experience erythema and edema. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention provides a topical spray for treating myiasis on livestock wounds and a preparation method thereof, which are as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a topical spray for treating myiasis on livestock wounds, comprising:

[0007] Insecticidal active ingredients: 2-4 parts of diazinon; 0.5-1 part of mugwort oil; 2-3 parts of peppermint oil;

[0008] Solvent carrier components: xylene 50-70 parts; diesel 30-50 parts;

[0009] Emulsifier component: 2-8 parts of emulsifier;

[0010] Preferably, the external spray comprises, by volume, the following components:

[0011] Insecticidal active ingredients: 4 parts of diazinon; 0.5 parts of wormwood oil; 2.5 parts of peppermint oil;

[0012] Solvent carrier components: xylene 60 parts; diesel 40 parts;

[0013] Emulsifier component: 4 parts of emulsifier.

[0014] Preferably, the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene castor oil EL-40 or Tween-80.

[0015] In another aspect, a method for preparing a topical spray for treating myiasis in livestock wounds comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Preparation: Weigh 2-4 parts by volume of diazinon, 0.5-1 parts by volume of mugwort oil, 2-3 parts by volume of peppermint oil, 2-8 parts by volume of emulsifier, 50-70 parts by volume of xylene, and 30-50 parts by volume of diesel, and place them in separate containers for later use.

[0017] S2. Preparation: Stir diazinon, emulsifier and xylene at 200-300 rpm at 25-30°C for 10-15 minutes to form a homogeneous phase;

[0018] S3. Preparation: Add mugwort oil, peppermint oil and diesel oil in sequence, continue stirring for 5 minutes after each addition of a component, and finally perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain a light yellow clear liquid, i.e., an external spray.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the ultrasonic treatment time is 10 minutes and the ultrasonic frequency is 40 kHz.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of an external spray for treating myiasis in livestock wounds. After spraying, the external spray forms a highly adherent insecticidal film on the wound surface, and a single application maintains the insecticidal effect for 6-8 weeks.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In the present invention, diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide, which has contact, stomach poison, fumigation and weak systemic effects, and has good killing effects on various mites, flies, lice and ticks. After spraying, it has strong adhesion on the skin and fur, and can maintain a long-term insecticidal effect; wormwood oil has anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, blood-activating, antibacterial, antiviral, analgesic, immunity-enhancing and antioxidant effects; peppermint oil has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial and antiviral, and penetration-promoting effects. The use of diazinon in combination with wormwood oil + peppermint oil can enhance the insecticidal effect of diazinon. At the same time, wormwood oil + peppermint oil can reduce the irritation of diazinon to animal skin.

[0023] 2. The topical spray for treating myiasis on livestock wounds provided by the present invention uses xylene and diesel as sustained-release carriers to form a xylene-diesel system, which can form an adhesion film on animal skin and maintain the efficacy for 6-8 weeks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is the HPLC chromatogram of diazinon in the spray;

[0025] Figure 2This is the HPLC chromatogram of diazinon reference substance;

[0026] Figure 3 To compare the treatment of sheep with myiasis before and after treatment;

[0027] Figure 4 To compare the before and after treatment of camels suffering from myiasis;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the treatment effect of the control group 1 on sheep suffering from myiasis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A topical spray for treating myiasis on livestock wounds, comprising:

[0031] Insecticidal active ingredients: 4 parts of diazinon; 1 part of wormwood oil; 3 parts of peppermint oil;

[0032] Solvent carrier components: xylene 70 parts; diesel 50 parts;

[0033] Emulsifier component: 8 parts of emulsifier;

[0034] Furthermore, the emulsifier is Tween-80.

[0035] Furthermore, the preparation method of the external spray comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. Preparation: Place the above components in different containers for use;

[0037] S2. Preparation: diazinon, emulsifier and xylene were stirred at 200 rpm at 25°C for 10 minutes to form a homogeneous phase;

[0038] S3. Preparation: Add mugwort oil, peppermint oil and diesel oil in sequence, continue stirring for 5 minutes after each addition of a component, and finally perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain a light yellow clear liquid, i.e., an external spray.

[0039] Moreover, in step S3, the ultrasonic treatment time is 10 minutes and the ultrasonic frequency is 40 kHz.

[0040] Moreover, after the external spray is sprayed, a highly adherent insecticidal film is formed on the wound surface, and the insecticidal effect can be maintained for 6-8 weeks after a single application.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A topical spray for treating myiasis on livestock wounds, comprising:

[0043] Insecticidal active ingredients: 2 parts of diazinon; 0.5 parts of mugwort oil; 2 parts of peppermint oil;

[0044] Solvent carrier components: 50 parts of xylene; 30 parts of diesel;

[0045] Emulsifier component: 2 parts of emulsifier;

[0046] Moreover, the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene castor oil EL-40.

[0047] Furthermore, the preparation method of the external spray comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1. Preparation: Place the above components in different containers for use;

[0049] S2. Preparation: diazinon, emulsifier and xylene were stirred at 300 rpm at 30°C for 15 minutes to form a homogeneous phase;

[0050] S3. Preparation: Add mugwort oil, peppermint oil and diesel oil in sequence, continue stirring for 5 minutes after each addition of a component, and finally perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain a light yellow clear liquid, i.e., an external spray.

[0051] Moreover, in step S3, the ultrasonic treatment time is 10 minutes and the ultrasonic frequency is 40 kHz.

[0052] Moreover, after the external spray is sprayed, a highly adherent insecticidal film is formed on the wound surface, and the insecticidal effect can be maintained for 6-8 weeks after a single application.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A topical spray for treating myiasis on livestock wounds, comprising:

[0055] Insecticidal active ingredients: 4 parts of diazinon; 0.5 parts of wormwood oil; 2.5 parts of peppermint oil;

[0056] Solvent carrier components: xylene 60 parts; diesel 40 parts;

[0057] Emulsifier component: 4 parts of emulsifier;

[0058] Furthermore, the emulsifier is Tween-80.

[0059] Furthermore, the preparation method of the external spray comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1. Preparation: Place the above components in different containers for use;

[0061] S2. Preparation: diazinon, emulsifier and xylene were stirred at 250 rpm at 28 °C for 13 minutes to form a homogeneous phase;

[0062] S3. Preparation: Add mugwort oil, peppermint oil and diesel oil in sequence, continue stirring for 5 minutes after each addition of a component, and finally perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain a light yellow clear liquid, i.e., an external spray.

[0063] Moreover, in step S3, the ultrasonic treatment time is 10 minutes and the ultrasonic frequency is 40 kHz.

[0064] Moreover, after the external spray is sprayed, a highly adherent insecticidal film is formed on the wound surface, and the insecticidal effect can be maintained for 6-8 weeks after a single application.

[0065] Experimental part

[0066] Experiment 1

[0067] Liquid chromatography was used to detect the content of diazinon in the external use spray prepared in Example 3. The results are shown in FIG. Figure 1 、 2 As shown, Figure 1 This is the HPLC chromatogram of diazinon in the spray. Figure 2 This is a chromatogram of a diazinon reference substance (a standard solution containing diazinon as its primary ingredient). As can be seen, the elution time of the diazinon peak in the spray coincides with that of the reference substance, indicating that the diazinon in the spray and the reference substance are identical, confirming that the chemical structure of the diazinon in the spray has not changed. The chromatographic peak is symmetrical and single, with no significant contaminants.

[0068] Experiment 2

[0069] Validation of liquid chromatography methods

[0070] 1. Systematic testing

[0071] Sample preparation: Take the external spray solution, dilute it with methanol to an appropriate concentration, and filter it through a 0.45μm filter membrane to obtain the solution to be tested.

[0072] Repeated injection: inject the same test solution 5 times continuously and record the chromatographic peak area, resolution (R) and relative standard deviation (RSD) of diazinon.

[0073] Table 1 Systematic applicability test

[0074]

[0075] As shown in Table 1, the RSD of the peak areas across the five injections was 0.37% (well below the 2.0% limit), demonstrating good repeatability and high instrument stability. The resolution between adjacent peaks, R > 1.5, met the analytical method requirements, indicating that the target peak (diazinon) was completely separated from other components with no interference. The peak area fluctuation across the five injections was minimal (2026-2043), further demonstrating the robustness and reliability of the method.

[0076] 2. Stability test

[0077] The same batch of topical sprays was taken and placed at room temperature. Samples were injected at intervals of 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours under chromatographic conditions, and the peak areas of the main drug (diazinon) were recorded. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0078] Table 2 Stability test

[0079]

[0080] As shown in Table 2, the peak area of ​​diazinon fluctuated between 2058 and 2077 over 48 hours, showing no significant downward trend, indicating that the drug component was stable and had not degraded. The RSDs at all time points were ≤ 0.57%, well below the 2.0% limit, demonstrating the high precision of the analytical method and the reliability of the data. Even after 48 hours, the peak area remained stable (RSD of only 0.14%), indicating that short-term storage of the spray at room temperature did not affect the diazinon content.

[0081] 3. Repeatability test

[0082] Take the same batch of external sprays and inject them continuously 6 times according to the chromatographic conditions. Record the peak area of ​​the main drug and calculate the content of the main drug. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0083] Table 3 Repeatability test

[0084]

[0085] As shown in Table 3, the diazinon content in the six determinations ranged from 97.91% to 98.49%, with an average of 98.11%, close to the theoretical value (100%), demonstrating a stable preparation process. The RSD for content was 0.23% (<< 2.0%), and the RSD for peak area was 0.23%, demonstrating excellent method reproducibility and minimal operational error. The peak area and content results were highly consistent (e.g., the highest peak area in the sixth determination corresponds to a slightly higher content), further validating the accuracy of the method.

[0086] 4. Spray stability test

[0087] 4.1 High temperature test

[0088] The same batch of external-use sprays were placed in closed-mouth penicillin bottles in a stable constant temperature box at 40°C for 10 days. The changes in the appearance of the sprays were observed on the 0th, 5th and 10th days, and the content of the main drug in the sprays was tested. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0089] Table 4 Effect of high temperature (40°C) on the stability of the spray

[0090]

[0091] As shown in Table 4, after 10 days of storage at 40°C, the spray remained clear and pale yellow, with no precipitation, stratification, or discoloration, demonstrating the stability of the preparation's physical properties. The content decreased by only 0.46% over 10 days, which is well below the acceptable range for pharmaceutical preparations (typically ±5%).

[0092] 4.2 High humidity test

[0093] The same batch of topical sprays were placed in closed syringe bottles at a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 90%±5% for 10 days. The changes in the appearance of the sprays were observed on the 0th, 5th, and 10th days, and the content of the main drug in the sprays was tested. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0094] Table 5 Effect of high humidity on the stability of spray

[0095]

[0096] As shown in Table 5, after 10 days of storage at 25°C and a high humidity environment of 90% ± 5%, the spray remained clear and pale yellow, with no signs of turbidity, precipitation, or stratification. This indicates that the formulation's physical properties are stable and not significantly affected by humidity. The diazinon content decreased by only 1.04% over 10 days, demonstrating a slow degradation rate that meets pharmaceutical formulation stability standards (typically requiring a content change of <5%).

[0097] 4.3 Strong light test

[0098] The same batch of topical sprays were placed in transparent vials and placed under a light intensity of 4500Lx±500Lx for 10 days. The changes in appearance were observed on the 0th, 5th, and 10th days. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0099] Table 6 Effect of strong light conditions on the stability of the spray

[0100]

[0101] As shown in Table 6, after 10 days of irradiation with strong light at 4500 ± 500 Lx, the spray remained clear and pale yellow, with no discoloration, precipitation, or stratification, demonstrating good light tolerance. After 10 days, the content decreased to 98.75% (a cumulative decrease of 0.86%), indicating a slow degradation rate.

[0102] Experiment 3

[0103] Prepare the following formulations:

[0104] Table 7 Pharmaceutical components

[0105]

[0106] Test insects: Lucilia sericata third-instar larvae (cultured in a standardized laboratory, body length 8±1 mm).

[0107] Experimental group design: (10 larvae per group, repeated 5 times):

[0108] Treatment method: Spray each group of drug solutions in Table 7 evenly on a 9 cm diameter filter paper, place it in a petri dish, inoculate Lucilia sericata and seal it.

[0109] Experimental results:

[0110] Table 8 Comparison of the killing effects of each group on fly maggots

[0111]

[0112] The mortality rates of the control groups 1-3 and the implementation groups were significantly improved compared with the blank group, proving that diazinon, diazinon + mugwort oil, diazinon + peppermint oil, diazinon + mugwort oil + peppermint oil can all achieve the effect of killing green fly. However, the mortality rate of the implementation group can reach about 98% in 24 hours and 100% in 48 hours, which is better than that of the control groups 1-3. It can be proved that mugwort oil + peppermint oil can improve the insecticidal effect of diazinon.

[0113] LT 50 The LT50 represents the median lethal time, which is the time required for half of the test subjects to die. 50 The shortest time was 12.6 hours, which was significantly shorter than that of the control group, indicating that it had the fastest lethality. The time in control groups 2 and 3 was shorter than that in control group 1, proving that diazinon + wormwood oil / peppermint oil were more effective than diazinon alone, and diazinon + wormwood oil + peppermint oil were the most effective.

[0114] Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide, which has a good killing effect on various mites, flies, lice and ticks. After spraying, it has strong adhesion to the skin and fur and can maintain a long-term insecticidal effect; wormwood oil has anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, blood-activating, antibacterial, antiviral, analgesic, immunity-enhancing and antioxidant effects; peppermint oil has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial and antiviral, and penetration-promoting effects. Using diazinon in combination with wormwood oil + peppermint oil can enhance the insecticidal effect of diazinon. At the same time, wormwood oil + peppermint oil can reduce the irritation of diazinon to animal skin.

[0115] Although the treatment effect of the control group was also significant, redness and swelling appeared on the animal skin after treatment. Figure 5 .

[0116] Experiment 4

[0117] Sheep and camels suffering from myiasis were sprayed with the external use spray prepared in Example 3 of the present invention for treatment, and the healing rate was statistically analyzed as shown in Table 9. The treatment effect on sheep is shown in Table 9. Figure 3 , the therapeutic effect of camels is shown in Figure 4 As can be seen from the figure, the effect of the treatment with the present invention is obvious, and the animal skin does not show irritation, erythema or redness. As can be seen from Table 9, after a single administration of the present invention, the larvae died and fell off, and recovered after one week, with a healing rate of 100%, which is a significant effect.

[0118] Table 9 Effects of topical spray after one week of administration

[0119]

Claims

1. A spray for external use for treating myiasis in livestock wounds, characterized in that: According to the volume ratio of the components, the external spray includes: Insecticidal active ingredients: 2-4 parts of diazinon; 0.5-1 part of mugwort oil; 2-3 parts of peppermint oil; Solvent carrier components: xylene 50-70 parts; diesel 30-50 parts; Emulsifier component: 2-8 parts of emulsifier; the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene castor oil EL-40 or Tween-80.

2. The external-use spray for treating myiasis of livestock wounds according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the volume ratio of the components, the external spray includes: Insecticidal active ingredients: 4 parts of diazinon; 0.5 parts of wormwood oil; 2.5 parts of peppermint oil; Solvent carrier components: xylene 60 parts; diesel 40 parts; Emulsifier component: 4 parts of emulsifier.

3. The method for preparing a spray for external use for treating myiasis of livestock wounds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation: Weigh 2-4 parts by volume of diazinon, 0.5-1 parts by volume of mugwort oil, 2-3 parts by volume of peppermint oil, 2-8 parts by volume of emulsifier, 50-70 parts by volume of xylene, and 30-50 parts by volume of diesel, and place them in separate containers for later use. S2. Preparation: Stir diazinon, emulsifier and xylene at 200-300 rpm at 25-30°C for 10-15 minutes to form a homogeneous phase; S3. Preparation: Add mugwort oil, peppermint oil and diesel oil in sequence, continue stirring for 5 minutes after each addition of a component, and finally perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain a light yellow clear liquid, i.e., an external spray.

4. The method for preparing a spray for external use for treating myiasis of livestock wounds according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the ultrasonic treatment time is 10 minutes and the ultrasonic frequency is 40 kHz.

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