Lightweight compact portable drilling equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machining equipment, and discloses lightweight compact portable drilling equipment which comprises a power module, a transmission module and a main shaft module. The transmission module drives the main shaft through two sets of compact independent transmission chains, so that two degrees of freedom of rotation and feeding of the main shaft can be respectively controlled through the power module, and machining parameters can be adjusted and controlled; the guide module is provided with a spindle precision guide component, the floating shaft is matched with the guide shaft, the spindle tail end rotation precision and the machining stability are guaranteed, and then the machining precision and quality are guaranteed. According to the light-weight compact portable drilling equipment, the rotating motor and the feeding motor can independently control the rotating speed and the feeding speed of the main shaft respectively, and stepless adjustment of the rotating speed and the feeding speed of the main shaft can be achieved. The modularized transmission device is light in weight, small in size and capable of meeting the requirement for drilling in a narrow space; the universal spline interface can be quickly butted with the power unit module, and the operation is quick and convenient; and the modular design facilitates series production and adapts to various drilling working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of processing equipment and relates to a lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device. Background Art

[0002] Lightweight and high-strength carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites (CFRP) and metal materials resistant to alternating loads (such as titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, etc.) are preferred for weight reduction and efficiency improvement of high-end aerospace equipment. To ensure the highly reliable assembly and high-performance service of CFRP and laminated structures, it is necessary to efficiently process tens of thousands of various types of connecting holes. Since most of the hole-making processes are carried out at the assembly site and are restricted by space, traditional numerically controlled machine tools, industrial robotic arms, etc. have poor machining accessibility and are difficult to apply; thus, manual processing methods have to be adopted. However, the drilling steps are cumbersome and the processing efficiency is very low, making it difficult to meet the production requirements. Therefore, there is a need to develop a lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device that can meet the requirements of various types of hole-making in narrow spaces.

[0003] Foreign research on portable automatic hole-making equipment started earlier. Currently, there are automatic feed drill products from multiple companies such as Maruto and Apex on the market. Shanghai Macro Automation Technology Co., Ltd. in China invented the "EDU Handheld Electrically Driven Automatic Feed Drilling Equipment" with the patent number CN 219130867 U. The device is characterized by a separate feed system and uses a pressure sensor to detect the feed pressure of the spindle, enabling direct acquisition of the linear pressure of the spindle and calculation of the type of sandwich material based on the pressure, and then matching the optimal rotational speed and feed rate. However, due to its complex functions and precision requirements, the product is too large and not very suitable for small spaces. The "Replaceable Lean Automatic Feed Drill" invented by Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co., Ltd. has the patent number CN201210199677.3. The device has multiple replaceable working platforms and can select different working platforms according to different usage environments or conditions. The X-Y flexible rail platform can adapt to and adsorb on surfaces with different curvatures, and the double-sided suction cup platform can be used. However, the structure of the main spindle feed drive part and the spindle rotation part of the automatic feed drill of the device is complex and bulky, greatly limiting the adaptability of the device in narrow spaces. Wang Fujie et al. from Dalian University of Technology invented the "Portable Semi-Automatic Hole-Making Device and Hole-Making Method" with the patent number CN 202010441887.3. The device adopts a dual-motor drive mode, with the two motors respectively controlling the rotational movement and feed movement of the device, enabling stepless speed change and process parameter adjustment. However, the method of using double ball screws to push the spline spindle to achieve feed has a relatively large volume and weight of the transmission chain, and there are still certain limitations in application in narrow spaces.

[0004] In summary, to meet the requirements of multi-type hole-making in the narrow space of aerospace assembly sites for equipment lightweight, serialization, and the simultaneous control of spindle speed and feed rate, it is necessary to develop a lightweight and compact portable hole-making equipment that can independently control the spindle speed and feed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and proposes a lightweight and compact portable hole-making equipment, which includes a power module, a transmission module, and a spindle module. The transmission module drives the spindle through two sets of compact independent transmission chains, enabling the two degrees of freedom of the spindle rotation and feed to be separately controlled by the power module, realizing the adjustable and controllable processing parameters. The spindle module is provided with a precision guide sleeve, and the floating shaft is matched with the guiding shaft to ensure the rotational accuracy and processing stability of the spindle end, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy and quality.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A lightweight and compact portable hole-making equipment, comprising a power module 1, a transmission module 2, and a spindle module 3;

[0008] The power module 1 includes a feed motor output spline shaft 102, a rotary motor output spline shaft 101, a rotary motor 103, and a feed motor 104; wherein, the rotary motor output spline shaft 101 is matched with the rotary motor 103, and the feed motor output spline shaft 102 is matched with the feed motor 104;

[0009] The transmission module 2 includes bearing B201, rotating gear 202, gearbox top cover 203, torque isolation block 204, feed gear 205, bearing C206, bearing D207, feed shaft 208, protective cover 209, annular feed shaft card 210, feed bevel gear mounting shaft 211, feed double gear set 212, bearing E213, bearing F214, bolt D215, feed bevel gear 217, rotating bevel gear 218, bearing G219, rotating bevel gear end cover 220, bearing H221, rotating double gear set 222, bearing I223, rotating double bevel gear mounting shaft 224, transmission box body 225 and rotating shaft 226; among them, the feed shaft 208 is a boss shaft with a trapezoidal thread on the shaft, and a symmetric concave structure is provided on the boss shaft; the annular feed shaft card 210, the gearbox top cover 203 and the protective cover 209 are fixedly installed on the transmission box body 225, and a symmetric protruding structure matching the feed shaft 208 is provided at the inner opening of the annular feed shaft card 210, and the feed shaft 208 is restricted by the annular feed shaft card 210 and cannot rotate but can slide axially; the trapezoidal thread of the feed shaft 208 meshes with the trapezoidal thread of the inner hole of the feed gear 205; the end boss of the feed shaft 208 is connected to the torque isolation block 204; the feed gear 205 is axially constrained by the bearing C206, the inner hole of the feed gear 205 is a trapezoidal thread, and the external thread of the feed shaft 208 cooperates with the internal thread of the feed gear 205; the rotating gear 202 is supported by the bearing B201 and installed on the transmission box body 225, and a symmetric protruding structure is provided in its inner hole, which cooperates with the symmetric concave structure of the rotating shaft 226, so that the rotating gear 202 and the rotating shaft 226 can transmit rotational motion while not transmitting feed motion; the bearing E213, the bearing F214 and the feed bevel gear mounting shaft 211 jointly support the feed double gear set 212 to make it rotate stably; the bearing I223 and the rotating double bevel gear mounting shaft 224 jointly support the rotating double gear set 222 to make it rotate stably; the bolt D215, the bearing G219, the rotating bevel gear end cover 220 and the bearing H221 jointly support and press the feed bevel gear 217 and the rotating bevel gear 218 to make them rotate stably; the rotation of the feed bevel gear 217 drives the rotation of the feed double gear set 212 and the feed gear 205, and relative rotation occurs between the feed gear 205 and the feed shaft 208, which is converted into the axial relative motion between the feed gear 205 and the feed shaft 208 through the thread structure, and the feed shaft 208 makes a feed motion to push the torque isolation block 204 and the rotating shaft 226 to make a feed motion synchronously; the rotation of the rotating bevel gear 218 drives the rotation of the rotating double gear set 222 and the rotating gear 202, and the rotating gear 202 drives the rotating shaft 226 to make a rotating motion; the torque isolation block 204 is arranged between the rotating shaft 226 and the feed shaft 208 to isolate the torque and radial play between the two;A compression spring 227 is installed between the feed double gear set 212 and the rotating double gear set 222, which is used to dynamically adjust the contact relationship when the load of the bevel gears on both sides changes, and reduce the vibration during high-speed operation of the gears through the vibration of the spring itself;

[0010] The torque isolation block 204 includes an isolation block front cover 20401, a small needle roller bearing 20402, a large needle roller bearing 20403, and an isolation block rear cover 20404; on both sides of the boss at the end of the feed shaft 208 are the small needle roller bearing 20402 and the large needle roller bearing 20403 respectively. The isolation block front cover 20401 is on the left side of the small needle roller bearing 20402, and the isolation block rear cover 20404 is on the right side of the large needle roller bearing 20403. The threaded structure between the isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404 axially fixes the isolation block front cover 20401, the small needle roller bearing 20402, the feed shaft 208, the large needle roller bearing 20403, and the isolation block rear cover 20404. The rotating shaft 226 and the isolation block front cover 20401 are fixedly connected by threads; the torque isolation block 204 transmits the feed force of the feed shaft 208 to the rotating shaft 226, isolating the rotation and vibration of the feed shaft 208 and the rotating shaft 226;

[0011] The spindle module 3 includes a tool 301, an integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302, a spindle 303, and a guide sleeve 304; the lightweight and compact portable hole-making equipment has a spindle guiding structure; the tool 301 and the spindle 303 are coaxially fixedly connected, the spindle 303 and the guide sleeve 304 are coaxially fixedly connected, and the shaft of the guide sleeve 304 has a clearance fit with the hole of the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302; the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 guides the axial direction of the guide sleeve 304, and thus guides the axial directions of the spindle 303 and the tool 301; the spindle 303 is positioned and fixedly connected with the corresponding structure and bolts at the end of the rotating shaft 226 through the conical surface and threaded structure thereon, and is installed in the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 through the guide sleeve 304. The integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 is fixed on the transmission housing 225; the spindle module 3 obtains the rotational motion and the feed motion from the transmission module 2. The rotating shaft 226, the spindle 303, the guide sleeve 304, and the tool 301 jointly perform rotational motion and feed motion, enabling the tool 301 to have the power conditions for drilling.

[0012] For this lightweight and compact portable hole-making equipment, the rotating shaft 226 has a clearance fit with the torque isolation block 204, and the torque isolation block 204 has a lower-precision fit with the feed shaft 208, making the shaft composed of the rotating shaft 226, the torque isolation block 204, and the feed shaft 208 a floating spindle. Then, in cooperation with the spindle 303, it forms an integral body. The spindle 303 is installed in the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 through the guide sleeve 304 to achieve the guiding function, thereby realizing the positioning of the entire shaft.

[0013] The rotational motion and the feeding motion of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device are driven by different transmission chains. The power output by the rotary motor 103 is transmitted to the main shaft 303 through the spline shaft 101 of the rotary motor output, the rotary bevel gear 218, the rotary double gear set 222, the rotary gear 202 and the rotary shaft 226. This transmission chain is the rotational motion transmission chain. The power output by the feeding motor 103 is transmitted to the main shaft 303 through the spline shaft 102 of the feeding motor output, the feeding bevel gear 217, the feeding double gear set 212, the feeding gear 205 and the feeding shaft 208. This transmission chain is the feeding motion transmission chain.

[0014] Advantages of the present invention: The present invention provides a lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device with a small volume and weight. At the same time, the invention has two independent transmission chains to drive the main shaft, enabling the main shaft to have two independent parameters: rotation and feeding, realizing stepless adjustment of the main shaft speed and the feeding speed. The torque isolation module and the main shaft module inside the invention can effectively stabilize the main shaft and improve the main shaft accuracy. This modular transmission device is lightweight, small in size, and meets the hole-making requirements in narrow spaces. The universal spline interface can be quickly docked with the power unit module, making the operation fast and convenient. The modular design facilitates series production and adapts to various hole-making working conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is the overall view of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device;

[0016] Figure 2 is the overall exploded view of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device;

[0017] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the power module of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device;

[0018] Figure 4 is the cross-sectional view of the transmission module of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device;

[0019] Figure 5 is the cross-sectional view of the main shaft module of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device;

[0020] Figure 6 is the cross-sectional view of the torque isolation block of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device;

[0021] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the annular feed shaft card;

[0022] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the rotary gear;

[0023] In the figure: 1 - Power module, 101 - Rotating motor output spline shaft, 102 - Feed motor output spline shaft, 103 - Rotating motor, 104 - Feed motor; 2 - Transmission module, 201 - Bearing B, 202 - Rotating gear, 203 - Gearbox top cover, 204 - Torque isolation block, 205 - Feed gear, 206 - Bearing C, 207 - Bearing D, 208 - Feed shaft, 209 - Protective cover, 210 - Annular feed shaft card, 211 - Feed bevel gear mounting shaft, 212 - Feed double gear set, 213 - Bearing E, 214 - Bearing F, 215 - Bolt D, 216 - Feed bevel gear end cover, 217 - Feed gear set, 218 - Rotating bevel gear, 219 - Bearing G, 220 - Rotating bevel gear end cover, 221 - Bearing H, 222 - Rotating double gear set, 223 - Bearing I, 224 - Rotating double bevel gear mounting shaft, 225 - Transmission housing, 226 - Rotating shaft, 227 - Compression spring; 20401 - Isolation block front cover, 20402 - Small needle roller bearing, 20403 - Large needle roller bearing, 20404 - Isolation block rear cover; 3 - Spindle module, 301 - Tool, 302 - Integral indexing bayonet front cylinder, 303 - Spindle, 304 - Guide sleeve. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The following further describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0025] The spindle of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device consists of three sections. The first section is the spindle 303, which is installed in the integral indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 through the guide sleeve 304 to ensure that the spindle 303 can freely rotate and feed in the integral indexing bayonet front cylinder 302, realizing the support and guiding function of the integral indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 for the spindle 303; the second section is the rotating shaft 226, and the spindle 303 is connected to the rotating shaft 226 by thread connection and conical surface positioning, and is pressed at the end of the rotating shaft 226, realizing the synchronous rotation and feeding movement of the spindle 303 and the rotating shaft 226. At the same time, the symmetric protruding structure of the rotating shaft 226 realizes the independent control of its rotating movement; the third section is the feed shaft 208. One end of the feed shaft 208 is provided with a boss shaft, the shaft is provided with a trapezoidal thread, and long grooves are opened at symmetric positions. The symmetric long grooves on the shaft are clamped by the protruding parts of the inner hole of the annular feed shaft card 210, and the trapezoidal thread meshes with the trapezoidal thread of the inner hole of the feed gear 205. The feed shaft 208 is connected to the rotating shaft 226 through the torque isolation block 204 at the end of the boss shaft, realizing the independent control of its feeding movement; the overall cooperation of the three sections of the spindle realizes the independent control of the rotating movement and the feeding movement.

[0026] The rotational motion and the feeding motion of the portable high-precision automatic-feed drill are driven by different transmission chains. The power output by the rotational motor is transmitted to the spindle 303 through the spline shaft 101 at the output of the rotational motor, the rotational bevel gear 218, the rotational double gear set 222, the rotational gear 202, and the rotational shaft 226. This transmission chain is the rotational motion transmission chain. The power output by the feeding motor is transmitted to the spindle 303 through the spline shaft 102 at the output of the feeding motor, the feeding bevel gear 217, the feeding double gear set 212, the feeding gear 205, and the feeding shaft 208. This transmission chain is the feeding motion transmission chain. Two independent motion transmission chains enable independent control of the two motors for the rotational motion and the feeding motion, thus enabling adjustable spindle motion parameters during the drilling process.

[0027] The portable high-precision automatic-feed drill includes a spindle guiding structure. The integral indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 is fixed to the transmission housing 225; the spindle 303 is installed at the end of the rotational shaft 226 through conical surface positioning and screw compression, and is installed in the integral indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 through the guide sleeve 304, ensuring that the spindle 303 can rotate and feed freely in the integral indexing bayonet front cylinder 302, and at the same time realizing the supporting and guiding function of the integral indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 for the spindle 303.

[0028] The torque isolation block 204 can isolate the torque and radial runout between the rotational shaft 226 and the feeding shaft 208. The torque isolation block 204 includes an isolation block front cover 20401, small needle bearings 20402, large needle bearings 20403, and an isolation block rear cover 20404; the rotational shaft 226 is fixedly connected to the isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404; the large needle bearings 20403 and the small needle bearings 20402 are respectively placed on both sides of the boss at the tail end of the feeding shaft 208, which can realize the axial support between the feeding shaft 208 and the isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404, and at the same time prevent the feeding shaft 208 from transmitting torque to the isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404; the threaded structure between the isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404 axially fixes the isolation block front cover 20401, the small needle bearings 20402, the feeding shaft 208, the large needle bearings 20403, and the isolation block rear cover 20404, and the rotational shaft 226 is fixedly connected to the isolation block front cover 20401 through threads; the torque isolation block 204 transmits the feeding force of the feeding shaft 208 to the rotational shaft 226, isolating the rotation and vibration of the feeding shaft 208 and the rotational shaft 226.

[0029] The feed shaft 208 can convert the rotational motion of the feed gear 205 into its own feeding motion. The feed shaft 208 is a boss shaft with a trapezoidal thread on the shaft and long slots are provided at symmetrical positions. The symmetrical long slots on the shaft are clamped by the protruding parts of the inner hole of the annular feed shaft card 210, so that 208 cannot rotate and can only move axially; the trapezoidal thread of the feed shaft 208 meshes with the trapezoidal thread of the inner hole of the feed gear 205. When the feed gear 205 is driven to rotate, relative rotation between the two generates an axial force; the end boss is used to connect with the torque isolation block 204 to isolate torque and axial wobbling.

Claims

1. A lightweight and compact portable hole-making device, characterized in that The lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device includes a power module, a transmission module and a spindle module; The power module includes a feed motor output spline shaft, a rotary motor output spline shaft, a rotary motor and a feed motor; among them, the rotary motor output spline shaft is matched with the rotary motor, and the feed motor output spline shaft is matched with the feed motor; The spindle module includes a tool, an integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder, a spindle and a bushing; the tool, the spindle and the bushing are coaxially and fixedly connected in sequence, and the shaft of the bushing is in clearance fit with the hole of the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder; the spindle is positioned and fixedly connected with the corresponding tapered hole and bolt at the end of the rotating shaft through the tapered surface and threaded structure on it, and is installed in the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder through the bushing.

2. The lightweight and compact portable hole-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission module includes a rotary gear, a gearbox top cover, a torque isolation block, a feed gear, a feed shaft, a protective cover, an annular feed shaft card, a feed double gear set, a feed bevel gear, a rotary bevel gear, a rotary double gear set, a transmission housing, a rotating shaft and a compression spring; among them, the feed shaft is a boss shaft with a trapezoidal thread and a terminal boss, and a symmetric concave structure is provided on the boss shaft; the annular feed shaft card, the gearbox top cover and the protective cover are fixedly connected and installed on the transmission housing, and a symmetric protruding structure matched with the feed shaft is provided at the inner opening of the annular feed shaft card, and the feed shaft is restricted by the annular feed shaft card and cannot rotate but can slide axially; the feed shaft is connected with the feed gear, and the terminal boss is connected with the torque isolation block; the rotary gear is installed on the transmission housing, and a symmetric protruding structure is provided in its inner hole, which is matched with the symmetric concave structure near the root of the rotating shaft, so that the rotary gear and the rotating shaft can transmit rotational motion while not transmitting feed motion; the rotation of the feed bevel gear drives the feed double gear set and the feed gear to rotate, and relative rotation occurs between the feed gear and the feed shaft, converting the threaded structure into the axial relative motion between the feed gear and the feed shaft, and the feed shaft makes a feed motion to push the torque isolation block and the rotating shaft to make a feed motion synchronously; the rotation of the rotary bevel gear drives the rotary double gear set and the rotary gear to rotate, and then drives the rotating shaft to make a rotary motion; the torque isolation block is arranged between the rotating shaft and the feed shaft; a compression spring is installed between the feed double gear set and the rotary double gear set.

3. The lightweight and compact portable hole-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary motion and feed motion of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device are driven by different transmission chains; the power output by the rotary motor is transmitted to the spindle through the rotary motor output spline shaft, the rotary bevel gear, the rotary double gear set, the rotary gear and the rotating shaft, and this transmission chain is the rotary motion transmission chain; the power output by the feed motor is transmitted to the spindle through the feed motor output spline shaft, the feed bevel gear, the feed double gear set, the feed gear and the feed shaft; this transmission chain is the feed motion transmission chain.

4. The lightweight and compact portable hole-making device according to claim 1, wherein The feed double gear set is jointly supported by a bearing and a feed bevel gear mounting shaft, and the rotary double gear set is jointly supported by a bearing and a rotary double bevel gear mounting shaft; the pressing feed bevel gear and the rotary bevel gear are jointly supported by a bearing and a rotary bevel gear end cover.

5. The lightweight and compact portable hole-making device according to claim 1, wherein, The torque isolation block includes an isolation block front cover, a small needle roller bearing, a large needle roller bearing, and an isolation block rear cover; on the left and right sides of the end boss of the feed shaft are the small needle roller bearing and the large needle roller bearing respectively. The isolation block front cover is on the left side of the small needle roller bearing, and the isolation block rear cover is on the right side of the large needle roller bearing. The isolation block front cover and the isolation block rear cover fix the torque isolation block axially; the threaded structure between the isolation block front cover and the isolation block rear cover fixes the isolation block front cover, the small needle roller bearing, the feed shaft, the large needle roller bearing, and the isolation block rear cover axially. The rotating shaft and the isolation block front cover are fixedly connected by threads; the torque isolation block transmits the feeding force of the feed shaft to the rotating shaft, isolating the rotation and vibration of the rotating shaft and the feed shaft.

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