Daily high-strength environment-friendly ceramic and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses daily high-strength environment-friendly ceramic and a preparation process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic preparation. By optimizing the raw material ratio and introducing the composite nano material and the novel grinding aid, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the ceramic product are effectively improved on the basis of ensuring the green and environment-friendly effects of the product; the selected raw materials are nepheline syenite, baddeleyite and other natural minerals, so that the utilized resources are sustainable, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the compactness and mechanical properties of the ceramic material are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic preparation, and particularly relates to a high-strength environmental protection daily-use ceramic and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Daily-use ceramics refer to ceramic products that are widely used in daily life and are mainly made of clay or porcelain clay, and are formed, dried, and fired. They are mainly practical and have certain decorative properties, and mainly include tableware, tea sets, wine sets, water sets, kitchen utensils, storage utensils, etc. Daily-use ceramics have the advantages of being easy to wash and keep clean, having good thermal stability, slow heat transfer, not being easy to burn hands, and having stable chemical properties and being durable. Therefore, they have long been loved and widely used by the general public. In addition, daily-use ceramics also have the characteristics of green environmental protection, beautiful appearance, and moderate price, and can meet the needs of different consumption levels.

[0003] However, existing daily-use ceramic products generally have problems of being brittle and having poor toughness, resulting in defects such as breakage and cracks during production, transportation, and daily use, which not only affect the service life of the products, but also increase the production and logistics costs of enterprises.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN108863297A discloses a high-strength daily-use ceramic and a preparation method thereof. The high-strength daily-use ceramic comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of halloysite, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of titanium dioxide, 8-10 parts of alumina, 1-5 parts of nano titanium nitride, 20-25 parts of konjac glucomannan fine powder, 10-15 parts of fumed silica, and 4-8 parts of KH791 silane coupling agent. In the ball milling process of this invention, no grinding aid is added, and the agglomeration phenomenon of the powder is difficult to be effectively inhibited during ball milling and wet milling, which affects the uniformity of the slurry and the density and mechanical properties of the final porcelain body. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main object of the present invention is to provide a high-strength environmental protection daily-use ceramic and a preparation process thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength environmental protection daily-use ceramic, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix quartz vein, nepheline syenite, baddeleyite, alumina, diatomite, composite nano material, and grinding aid evenly, then perform ball milling, and after sieving and impurity removal, obtain a powder; then add deionized water and perform wet milling to obtain a slurry, and then put it into a mold for pressing to obtain a ceramic green body; S2. Mix potassium feldspar, cobalt oxide, quartz, sericite, calcite, zinc oxide, illite, sodium tripolyphosphate, silicon carbide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and water evenly, and perform wet ball milling to obtain a glaze slurry; S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic green body in step, and after air drying, a glazed daily-use ceramic green body is obtained; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic green body, and the daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic is obtained after natural cooling.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the mass ratio of vein quartz, nepheline syenite, zirconia, alumina, diatomite, composite nanomaterial, and grinding aid is 10 - 20:8 - 15:15 - 25:5 - 20:5 - 15:3 - 10:1 - 3; the ball milling speed is 1500 - 1800 rpm, and the time is 30 - 60 min; the wet milling speed is 1200 - 1500 rpm, and the time is 1 - 2 h; the addition amount of water is 1 - 1.5 times the mass of the powder material.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: First, add yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and kaolin into water for ultrasonic treatment, then dropwise add ammonia water to obtain a mixture, and then transfer the mixture to a stainless-steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction to obtain a nanocomposite; disperse the nanocomposite in an ethanol aqueous solution, add vinyltriisopropoxysilane, and stir and react to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite; dissolve bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate in dimethyl sulfoxide, add the surface-modified nanocomposite and ammonium persulfate, and heat and react to obtain the composite nanomaterial.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate, kaolin, and ammonia water is 1 - 3:2 - 4:10 - 20; the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160 - 200 °C, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 10 - 20 h.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the nanocomposite, vinyltriisopropoxysilane, and bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate is 10 - 20:3 - 5:5 - 8; the stirring reaction temperature is 40 - 60 °C, and the reaction time is 3 - 5 h; the heating reaction temperature is 30 - 50 °C, and the reaction time is 1 - 3 h.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows: Add talc powder and dopamine into Tris-HCl aqueous solution for mixing, and carry out ultrasonic stirring reaction in an open container at room temperature. The reaction product is centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc powder; disperse the polydopamine-modified talc powder in water, add 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and heat and react to obtain the grinding aid.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of talcum powder to dopamine is 1:2-4. The Tris-HCl aqueous solution is obtained by mixing tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, hydrochloric acid solution and deionized water, and the pH of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is 8-10; the mass ratio of polydopamine-modified talcum powder to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 3-5:1.2-1.8.

[0013] Preferably, in the S2 step, the mass ratio of potassium feldspar, cobalt oxide, quartz, sericite, calcite, zinc oxide, illite, sodium tripolyphosphate, silicon carbide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and water is 30-40:5-10:20-30:5-8:10-15:8-12:5-8:5-8:3-5:3-5:50-100; the wet ball milling speed is 700-900 rpm and the time is 6-8 h.

[0014] Preferably, the specific steps of the sintering treatment in the S3 step are: heating from room temperature to 180-200 °C at a heating rate of 2-4 °C / min, holding for 2-3 h, then heating to 200-500 °C at a heating rate of 5-8 °C / min and holding for 3-5 h, and subsequently heating to 1200 °C at a heating rate of 8-10 °C / min and holding for 3-5 h.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention provides a daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic and its preparation method. By optimizing the raw material ratio and introducing composite nanomaterials and a new type of grinding aid, on the basis of ensuring the green environmental protection of the product, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the ceramic products are effectively improved; the selected raw materials are natural minerals such as nepheline syenite and baddeleyite, which not only utilize resources sustainably, reduce environmental pollution, but also improve the densification and mechanical properties of the ceramic materials; (2) The preparation of the composite nanomaterials of the present invention is to load the yttrium oxide precursor on kaolin through a hydrothermal reaction, and generate a yttrium oxide-kaolin composite during the subsequent calcination process, which improves the problems of uneven mixing of kaolin and yttrium oxide and easy agglomeration of yttrium oxide. Yttrium oxide can be used as a sintering aid during the ceramic sintering process, and can form a liquid phase between ceramic powder particles or promote the formation of certain eutectic phases, thereby reducing the sintering temperature required and inhibiting the grain growth of ceramic materials at high temperatures, playing a role in grain refinement. Grain refinement can significantly improve the mechanical properties of materials, improve densification and uniformity. By grafting bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate on the surface of the nanocomposite, diethyl allyl phosphate is grafted onto the nanocomposite. On the one hand, the dispersibility of the composite nanomaterials is improved, and on the other hand, phosphate ester groups can be introduced, and the binding force between the phosphate ester groups and the nanocomposite can be increased. During the calcination process, the phosphate ester groups react with SiO2 and Al2O in the blank 3、CaO interacts to form stable phosphate or aluminosilicate phosphate compounds, improving the structural density and mechanical strength of the ceramic material; (3) The grinding aid of the present invention improves the dispersibility of ceramic raw materials and reduces the energy consumption of ball milling. A large number of hydroxyl and amino groups in its molecule can adsorb on the surface of the powder to form a hydrogen bond film, hindering the healing of microcracks and improving the ball milling efficiency. By grafting 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride onto the grinding aid, the grinding aid is given an electric charge property, further enhancing the electrostatic repulsion of the powder, inhibiting agglomeration and sedimentation, improving the forming fluidity and the density of the green body, and further improving the mechanical properties of the ceramic green body. Compared with ordinary physical blending, by grafting 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, during the ball milling process, the charge can be more evenly dispersed, enhancing the stability and persistence of the grinding aid in the system; (4) The present invention avoids the thermal stress concentration caused by rapid heating during sintering by gradient heating, ensuring the integrity of the material during dehydration, carbonization, and phase transformation; making the sintering process of ceramic raw materials more controllable, avoiding the problem of uneven sintering caused by rapid heating, and being beneficial to improving the mechanical properties of the material. Specific embodiments

[0016] To avoid redundancy, unless otherwise specified, the items used in the following examples are all commercially available products, and the methods used are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified. Example 1

[0017] A method for preparing a daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix 15 g of vein quartz, 12 g of nepheline syenite, 20 g of baddeleyite, 15 g of alumina, 10 g of diatomite, 7 g of composite nanomaterial, and 2 g of grinding aid evenly, and then carry out ball milling at a rotation speed of 1650 rpm for 45 min. After sieving and impurity removal, a powder is obtained; then, deionized water 1.2 times the mass of the powder is added for wet milling. The wet milling rotation speed is 1380 rpm and the time is 1.5 h to obtain a slurry, which is then put into a mold for pressing to form a ceramic green body; S2. Mix 35 g of potassium feldspar, 8 g of cobalt oxide, 25 g of quartz, 6.5 g of sericite, 12 g of calcite, 10 g of zinc oxide, 6.8 g of illite, 6.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4 g of silicon carbide, 4 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and 80 g of water evenly, and carry out wet ball milling at a rotation speed of 800 rpm for 7 h to obtain a glaze slurry; S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic green body in step, and after air drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic green body; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic green body, and the daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic is obtained after natural cooling. The specific steps of the sintering treatment are as follows: Heat from room temperature to 190°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, hold for 2.5 h, then heat to 350°C at a heating rate of 6°C / min, hold for 4 h, and then heat to 1200°C at a heating rate of 9°C / min, hold for 4 h.

[0018] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: First, add 10 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 15 g of kaolin to 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, then add 150 g of 25 wt% ammonia water to obtain a mixture, and then transfer the mixture to a stainless steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction. The hydrothermal reaction temperature is 180°C, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 15 h. After the reaction is completed, cool it, filter and collect the solid, wash and dry it to obtain a nanocomposite; disperse 15 g of the nanocomposite in 200 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, add 4.2 g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane, and stir and react at 50°C for 4 h. Filter and collect the solid, wash and dry it to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite; dissolve 6.2 g of bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate in 150 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, add the surface-modified nanocomposite and 2.5 g of ammonium persulfate, and heat and react at 40°C for 2 h. Filter and collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain the composite nanomaterial.

[0019] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows: Add 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane to 5 L of deionized water, and magnetically stir it at room temperature to completely dissolve it. Add a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. Add 10 g of talc powder and 30 g of dopamine to 400 mL of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mix in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is 9, and ultrasonically stir and react at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product is centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc powder; ultrasonically disperse 8 g of polydopamine-modified talc powder in 150 mL of water, add 3 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and heat and react at 40°C for 2 h. Filter and collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain the grinding aid. Example 2

[0020] A preparation method of a daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic includes the following steps: S1. Mix 10 g of vein quartz, 8 g of nepheline syenite, 15 g of baddeleyite, 5 g of alumina, 5 g of diatomite, 3 g of composite nanomaterial, and 1 g of grinding aid evenly. Then, perform ball milling at a rotational speed of 1500 rpm for 60 min. After sieving and impurity removal, obtain the powder. Subsequently, add deionized water with the same mass as the powder for wet milling. The wet milling rotational speed is 1200 rpm, and the time is 2 h to obtain the slurry. Then, put it into a mold for pressing to form a ceramic green body. S2. Mix 30 g of potassium feldspar, 5 g of cobalt oxide, 30 g of quartz, 5 g of sericite, 10 g of calcite, 8 g of zinc oxide, 5 g of illite, 5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3 g of silicon carbide, 3 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 50 g of water evenly. Perform wet ball milling at a rotational speed of 700 rpm for 8 h to obtain the glaze slurry. S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic green body obtained in step S1. After air drying, obtain the glazed daily-use ceramic green body. Sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic green body and then naturally cool it to obtain the daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic. The specific steps of the sintering treatment are as follows: Heat from room temperature to 200 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min, hold for 3 h, then heat to 200 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min, hold for 5 h, and subsequently heat to 1200 °C at a heating rate of 8 °C / min, hold for 5 h.

[0021] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: First, add 5 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 10 g of kaolin to 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment. Then, dropwise add 100 g of 25 wt% ammonia water to obtain a mixture. Then, transfer the mixture to a stainless steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction. The hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160 °C, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 20 h. After the reaction is completed, cool it, filter and collect the solid, wash and dry it to obtain the nanocomposite. Disperse 10 g of the nanocomposite in 200 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, add 3 g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane, and stir and react at 40 °C for 5 h. Filter and collect the solid, wash and dry it to obtain the surface-modified nanocomposite. Dissolve 5 g of bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate in 150 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, add the surface-modified nanocomposite and 2.0 g of ammonium persulfate, and heat and react at 30 °C for 3 h. Filter and collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain the composite nanomaterial.

[0022] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows: Add 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane to 5 L of deionized water, and stir magnetically at room temperature until completely dissolved. Add an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. Add 10 g of talc powder and 20 g of dopamine to 400 mL of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mix in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is 9, and react under ultrasonic stirring at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product is centrifuged, washed, and dried in vacuo to obtain polydopamine-modified talc powder; ultrasonically disperse 6 g of polydopamine-modified talc powder in 150 mL of water, add 2.4 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and heat and react at 40 °C for 2 h. Filter, collect the solid product, wash and dry to obtain the grinding aid. Example 3

[0023] A preparation method of a daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix 20 g of vein quartz, 15 g of nepheline syenite, 25 g of zirconia, 20 g of alumina, 15 g of diatomite, 10 g of composite nanomaterial, and 3 g of grinding aid evenly, and then carry out ball milling at a rotation speed of 1800 rpm for 30 min. After sieving and impurity removal, obtain a powder; then add deionized water 1.5 times the mass of the powder and carry out wet milling. The wet milling rotation speed is 1500 rpm and the time is 1 h to obtain a slurry, and then put it into a mold for pressing and forming to obtain a ceramic green body; S2. Mix 40 g of potassium feldspar, 10 g of cobalt oxide, 30 g of quartz, 8 g of sericite, 15 g of calcite, 12 g of zinc oxide, 8 g of illite, 8 g of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5 g of silicon carbide, 5 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and 100 g of water evenly, and carry out wet ball milling at a rotation speed of 800 rpm for 7 h to obtain a glaze slurry; S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic green body in step S1. After air drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic green body; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic green body, and after natural cooling, obtain the daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic; the specific steps of the sintering treatment are: heat from room temperature to 200 °C at a heating rate of 4 °C / min, hold for 2 h, then heat to 500 °C at a heating rate of 8 °C / min and hold for 3 h, and then heat to 1200 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and hold for 3 h.

[0024] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: First, add 15 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 20 g of kaolin into 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, then dropwise add 200 g of ammonia water to obtain a mixture. Next, transfer the mixture to a stainless-steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction. The hydrothermal reaction temperature is 200 °C and the hydrothermal reaction time is 10 h. After the reaction is completed, cool it, filter and collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain a nano-composite. Disperse 25 g of the nano-composite in 200 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, add 5 g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane, stir and react at 60 °C for 1 h, filter and collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain a surface-modified nano-composite. Dissolve 8 g of bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate in 150 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, add the surface-modified nano-composite and 3 g of ammonium persulfate, heat and react at 50 °C for 1 h, filter and collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain a composite nano-material.

[0025] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows: Add 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane into 5 L of deionized water, stir magnetically at room temperature until it is completely dissolved. Add 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. Add 10 g of talc powder and 40 g of dopamine into 400 mL of Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mix in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is 9. Stir and react ultrasonically at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product is centrifuged, washed, and dried under vacuum to obtain polydopamine-modified talc powder. Ultrasonically disperse 10 g of polydopamine-modified talc powder in water, add 3.6 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, heat and react at 40 °C for 2 h, filter, collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain the grinding aid.

[0026] Comparative Example 1 A preparation method of a daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic is similar to that of Example 1, except that bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate is not grafted on the composite nano-material, and it specifically includes the following steps: S1. Mix 15 g of vein quartz, 12 g of nepheline syenite, 20 g of baddeleyite, 15 g of alumina, 10 g of diatomite, 7 g of composite nano-material, and 2 g of grinding aid evenly, then carry out ball milling at a rotation speed of 1650 rpm for 45 min. After sieving and impurity removal, obtain a powder material. Subsequently, add deionized water with a mass 1.2 times that of the powder material for wet milling. The wet milling rotation speed is 1380 rpm and the time is 1.5 h to obtain a slurry, and then put it into a mold for pressing and forming to obtain a ceramic green body; S2. Mix 35 g of potassium feldspar, 8 g of cobalt oxide, 25 g of quartz, 6.5 g of sericite, 12 g of calcite, 10 g of zinc oxide, 6.8 g of illite, 6.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4 g of silicon carbide, 4 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 80 g of water evenly, and perform wet ball milling at a rotation speed of 800 rpm for 7 h to obtain a glaze slurry. S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic green body in step, and after air drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic green body; perform sintering treatment on the glazed daily-use ceramic green body, and then obtain the daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic after natural cooling; the specific steps of the sintering treatment are as follows: heat from room temperature to 190 °C at a heating rate of 3 °C / min, hold for 2.5 h, then heat to 350 °C at a heating rate of 6 °C / min, hold for 4 h, and then heat to 1200 °C at a heating rate of 9 °C / min, hold for 4 h.

[0027] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: First, add 5 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 10 g of kaolin to 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, then dropwise add 150 g of 25 wt% ammonia water to obtain a mixture, and then transfer the mixture to a stainless steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction. The hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160 °C, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 20 h. After the reaction is completed, cool it, filter and collect the solid matter, wash and dry it to obtain the composite nanomaterial.

[0028] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows: Add 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane to 5 L of deionized water, and magnetically stir it at room temperature until it is completely dissolved. Add a 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. Add 10 g of talc powder and 20 g of dopamine to 400 mL of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mix in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is 9, and ultrasonically stir and react at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product is centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc powder; ultrasonically disperse 6 g of polydopamine-modified talc powder in 150 mL of water, add 2.4 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, heat and react at 40 °C for 2 h, filter, and collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain the grinding aid.

[0029] Comparative Example 2 A preparation method of a daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic is similar to that of Example 1, except that the grinding aid is a mixture of talc powder and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and specifically includes the following steps: S1. Mix 15 g of vein quartz, 12 g of nepheline syenite, 20 g of baddeleyite, 15 g of alumina, 10 g of diatomite, 7 g of composite nanomaterial, and 2 g of talc powder evenly. Then, perform ball milling at a rotation speed of 1650 rpm for 45 min. After sieving and impurity removal, obtain the powder material. Subsequently, add deionized water with a mass 1.2 times that of the powder material and perform wet milling. The wet milling rotation speed is 1380 rpm and the time is 1.5 h to obtain the slurry. Then, put it into a mold for pressing to form a ceramic green body. S2. Mix 35 g of potassium feldspar, 8 g of cobalt oxide, 25 g of quartz, 6.5 g of sericite, 12 g of calcite, 10 g of zinc oxide, 6.8 g of illite, 6.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4 g of silicon carbide, 4 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 80 g of water evenly. Perform wet ball milling at a rotation speed of 800 rpm for 7 h to obtain the glaze slurry. S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic green body obtained in step S1. After air drying, obtain the glazed daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic green body. Sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic green body and then cool it naturally to obtain the daily-use ceramic. The specific steps of the sintering treatment are as follows: Heat from room temperature to 190 °C at a heating rate of 3 °C / min, hold for 2.5 h, then heat to 350 °C at a heating rate of 6 °C / min, hold for 4 h, and subsequently heat to 1200 °C at a heating rate of 9 °C / min and hold for 4 h.

[0030] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: First, add 5 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 10 g of kaolin to 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, then dropwise add 150 g of 25 wt% ammonia water to obtain a mixture. Then, transfer the mixture to a stainless steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction. The hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160 °C and the hydrothermal reaction time is 20 h. After the reaction is completed, cool it, filter and collect the solid matter, wash and dry it to obtain the nanocomposite. Disperse 10 g of the nanocomposite in 200 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, add 3 g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane, and stir and react at 40 °C for 5 h. Filter and collect the solid matter, wash and dry it to obtain the surface-modified nanocomposite. Dissolve 5 g of bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate in 150 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, add the surface-modified nanocomposite and 2.0 g of ammonium persulfate, and heat and react at 30 °C for 3 h. Filter and collect the solid product, wash and dry it to obtain the composite nanomaterial.

[0031] The grinding aid is a mixture of 8 g of talc powder and 3 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0032] Comparative Example 3 A preparation method of daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic is similar to that of Example 1, except that the grinding aid is not grafted with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and specifically includes the following steps: S1. Mix 15 g of vein quartz, 12 g of nepheline syenite, 20 g of baddeleyite, 15 g of alumina, 10 g of diatomite, 7 g of composite nanomaterial, and 2 g of grinding aid evenly. Then, perform ball milling at a rotational speed of 1650 rpm for 45 min. After sieving and impurity removal, obtain the powder material. Subsequently, add deionized water that is 1.2 times the mass of the powder material and perform wet milling at a wet milling rotational speed of 1380 rpm for 1.5 h to obtain a slurry. Then, place it in a mold for pressing and forming to obtain a ceramic green body. S2. Mix 35 g of potassium feldspar, 8 g of cobalt oxide, 25 g of quartz, 6.5 g of sericite, 12 g of calcite, 10 g of zinc oxide, 6.8 g of illite, 6.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4 g of silicon carbide, 4 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 80 g of water evenly. Perform wet ball milling at a rotational speed of 800 rpm for 7 h to obtain a glaze slurry. S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic green body in step S1. After air drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic green body. Subject the glazed daily-use ceramic green body to sintering treatment, and then obtain the daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic after natural cooling. The specific steps of the sintering treatment are as follows: Heat from room temperature to 190 °C at a heating rate of 3 °C / min, hold for 2.5 h, then heat to 350 °C at a heating rate of 6 °C / min, hold for 4 h, and subsequently heat to 1200 °C at a heating rate of 9 °C / min and hold for 4 h.

[0033] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: First, add 10 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 15 g of kaolin to 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, then dropwise add 150 g of 25 wt% ammonia water to obtain a mixture. Then, transfer the mixture to a stainless steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction. The hydrothermal reaction temperature is 180 °C, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 15 h. After the reaction is completed, cool, filter, collect the solid matter, wash, and dry to obtain a nano-complex. Disperse 15 g of the nano-complex in 200 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, add 4.2 g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane, and stir and react at 50 °C for 4 h. Filter, collect the solid matter, wash, and dry to obtain a surface-modified nano-complex. Dissolve 6.2 g of bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate in 150 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, add the surface-modified nano-complex and 2.5 g of ammonium persulfate, and heat and react at 40 °C for 2 h. Filter, collect the solid product, wash, and dry to obtain the composite nanomaterial.

[0034] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows: 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was added to 5 L of deionized water and magnetically stirred at room temperature until completely dissolved. An aqueous hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L was added to the resulting solution to adjust the pH, obtaining an aqueous Tris-HCl solution with a pH of 9. 10 g of talcum powder and 30 g of dopamine were added to 400 mL of the aqueous Tris-HCl solution and mixed in an open container. The pH value of the aqueous Tris-HCl solution was 9, and the reaction was carried out by ultrasonic stirring at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product was separated by centrifugation, washed, and dried in vacuo to obtain polydopamine-modified talcum powder, which is the grinding aid.

[0035] Performance test Flexural strength test: The bending strength of the sample was tested using a PT-1036PC universal material testing machine. The specimen size was 3 mm × 4 mm × 20 mm, the span was 16 mm, the indenter loading speed was 0.5 mm / min, and the flexural strength was taken as the average of three measurement results. Fracture toughness test: The fracture toughness was tested with reference to GB / T23806-2009 "Test method for fracture toughness of fine ceramics - Single-edge pre-cracked beam (SEPB) method". Water absorption test: Take 5 pieces of ceramic product fragments, wash and dry them, and weigh them respectively. Then place the ceramic product fragments separately in distilled water and boil for 3 hours, keeping the water surface more than 10 mm above the ceramic product fragments during this period. Then take out the ceramic product fragments, wipe off the water attached to the surface of the ceramic product fragments with a cloth saturated with water, and quickly weigh them respectively. Calculate the average water absorption rate of the 5 pieces of ceramic product fragments to obtain the water absorption rate of the ceramic product. The test results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Test results of ceramic properties

[0036] It can be seen from the experimental results in Table 1 that the high-strength environmental protection ceramics for daily use prepared in this application have good mechanical properties and low water absorption rate.

[0037] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a high-strength environmental protection daily-use ceramic, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Mix quartz vein, nepheline syenite, baddeleyite, alumina, diatomite, composite nanomaterial, and grinding aid evenly, then carry out ball milling. After sieving and impurity removal, a powder material is obtained. Subsequently, add deionized water and carry out wet milling to obtain a slurry. Then put it into a mold for molding to obtain a ceramic green body. S2. Mix potassium feldspar, cobalt oxide, quartz, sericite, calcite, zinc oxide, illite, sodium tripolyphosphate, silicon carbide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and water evenly, and carry out wet ball milling to obtain a glaze slurry. S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic green body in step S1. After drying, a glazed daily-use ceramic green body is obtained. Carry out sintering treatment on the glazed daily-use ceramic green body, and the daily-use ceramic is obtained after natural cooling. The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows: Add talcum powder and dopamine to a Tris-HCl aqueous solution for mixing, and carry out ultrasonic stirring reaction in an open container at room temperature. The reaction product is centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talcum powder. The polydopamine-modified talcum powder is dispersed in water, and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is added, and a heating reaction is carried out to obtain the grinding aid.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass ratio of quartz vein, nepheline syenite, baddeleyite, alumina, diatomite, composite nanomaterial, and grinding aid is 10-20:8-15:15-25:5-20:5-15:3-10:1-3.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: First, add yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and kaolin to water for ultrasonic treatment, then dropwise add ammonia water to obtain a mixture. Then transfer the mixture to a stainless steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction to obtain a nano-complex. Disperse the nano-complex in an ethanol aqueous solution, add vinyltriisopropoxysilane, and carry out a stirring reaction to obtain a surface-modified nano-complex. Dissolve bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate in dimethyl sulfoxide, add the surface-modified nano-complex and ammonium persulfate, and carry out a heating reaction to obtain the composite nanomaterial.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate, kaolin, and ammonia water is 1-3:2-4:10-20; the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160-200 °C, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 10-20 h.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the nano-complex, vinyltriisopropoxysilane, and bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate is 10-20:3-5:5-8; the stirring reaction temperature is 40-60 °C, and the reaction time is 3-5 h; the heating reaction temperature is 30-50 °C, and the reaction time is 1-3 h.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of talcum powder and dopamine is 1:2-4. The Tris-HCl aqueous solution is obtained by mixing tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, hydrochloric acid solution, and deionized water, and the pH of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is 8-10; the mass ratio of the polydopamine-modified talcum powder and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 3-5:1.2-1.

8.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the mass ratio of potassium feldspar, cobalt oxide, quartz, sericite, calcite, zinc oxide, illite, sodium tripolyphosphate, silicon carbide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and water is 30-40:5-10:20-30:5-8:10-15:8-12:5-8:5-8:3-5:3-5:50-100; the rotational speed of wet ball milling is 700-900 rpm, and the time is 6-8 h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein In the step S3, the specific steps of sintering treatment are as follows: heating from room temperature to 180-200 °C at a heating rate of 2-4 °C / min, holding for 2-3 h, then heating to 200-500 °C at a heating rate of 5-8 °C / min and holding for 3-5 h, and subsequently heating to 1200 °C at a heating rate of 8-10 °C / min and holding for 3-5 h.

9. A daily-use high-strength environmental protection ceramic, characterized in that: Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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