Strong-impact high-simulation dummy evaluation system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a strong-impact high-simulation dummy evaluation system and method. The system comprises a dummy model, a mounting base and a dummy evaluation module, the dummy model comprises a head assembly, a neck assembly, an upper trunk assembly, a left arm assembly, a right arm assembly, a hip assembly, a left leg assembly and a right leg assembly. The mounting base comprises an X-direction adjusting handle, a Y-direction adjusting handle, a Z-direction adjusting handle, a 360-degree rotation adjusting handle and a dial; the dummy evaluation module comprises a data acquisition unit (sensor) and a data analysis and processing unit, and is used for carrying out impact evaluation on the dummy model. The device and the method are suitable for test data acquisition and analysis in scenes such as coal mines, chemical environments, free field explosion impact environments and shock tube tests, and evaluation and testing of human injury conditions and protection effects of protection products (such as protection clothing and protection helmets) in strong impact environments are realized; and different types of sensors can be arranged at different parts of the dummy according to requirements so as to research the injury mechanism and the equipment protection performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of model simulation, and in particular to a high-fidelity dummy evaluation system and method for strong impact. Background Art

[0002] In strong impact environments (scenarios) such as coal mine chemical environments, free-field real explosion tests, and explosion shock tests simulated by shock tubes, how to effectively detect and evaluate human injury conditions or equipment protection performance has become an important issue that has attracted much attention. As we know, human brain tissue damage caused by strong impact environments is called traumatic brain injury, which is a complex process, mainly with "short-term" and "long-term" injury effects, corresponding to physical quantities such as shock wave overpressure peak - duration / rise time (represented by intracranial pressure (ICP)) and acceleration (represented by linear acceleration and angular velocity of the head centroid). Among them, the "short-term" injury effect mainly refers to the direct contact between the shock wave and the human head and the bending deformation of the skull caused by the shock wave. For example, when the shock wave acts on the head instantaneously, the stress wave caused by it can transmit through the outer structures of the human head such as the skin and skull or cause brain tissue damage through transmission channels such as the ears, nose, mouth, and eyes; also, when the shock wave interacts with the head skin - skull, a relatively high reflected pressure will be generated at the contact interface due to impedance matching, resulting in the bending deformation of the skull and ultimately causing craniocerebral injury. The "long-term" injury effect mainly refers to the brain damage caused by linear acceleration / angular velocity of the head centroid, including diffuse axonal injury and focal injury (such as hematoma, ipsilateral contusion, and contralateral contusion). Due to the action of the shock wave, the skull will generate translational acceleration or rotational angular velocity, causing the brain tissue to move, resulting in damage to nerve axons or small blood vessels, imbalance of ion concentrations inside and outside brain tissue cells, accelerated neuron metabolism, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier, forming local cerebral functional area fluid circulation disorders and causing damage.

[0003] At present, a set of scientific and reasonable evaluation methods and standard specifications have not been established for evaluating the human injury effects of shock waves and the performance of individual protective equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a high-fidelity dummy evaluation system and method for strong impact with domestic independent intellectual property rights to collect, process, and analyze physical quantities such as pressure, noise, force and torque, displacement, and acceleration of each important part of the dummy, achieve the purpose of accurately quantifying the degree of human injury and the protection effectiveness of equipment in a strong impact environment, and strongly promote the iterative optimization and upgrading of protective equipment design and on-site treatment means. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system and method, which uses a strong impact high-fidelity dummy model that conforms to Chinese anthropometry and has high biological fidelity to carry out standard methods for evaluating human injury conditions and evaluating the protective effect of equipment in strong impact environments (scenarios) such as coal mine chemical environments, free-field real explosion tests, and shock tube simulated explosion impact tests.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system is disclosed. The system includes a dummy model, an installation base, and a dummy evaluation module;

[0006] The dummy model is data-connected to the installation base and the dummy evaluation module;

[0007] The dummy model includes a head component, a neck component, an upper torso component, a left arm component, a right arm component, a hip component, a left leg component, and a right leg component, and is used for impact simulation in a strong impact environment;

[0008] The installation base includes an X-direction adjustment handle, a Y-direction adjustment handle, a Z-direction adjustment handle, a 360-degree rotation adjustment handle, and a dial;

[0009] The dummy evaluation module includes a data acquisition unit and a data analysis and processing unit, and is used for impact evaluation of the dummy model.

[0010] As an optional implementation manner, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the dummy head component includes skin, a skull, and a rear cover bone;

[0011] The neck component includes an upper neck cover, a neck steel cable, a neck component, and a lower neck bracket; the upper torso component includes chest skin, a rib assembly, a left shoulder assembly, a spine assembly, and a right shoulder assembly;

[0012] The left arm component includes an upper left arm, a left arm connector, a lower left arm, a left wrist connector, and a left hand; the right arm component includes an upper right arm, a right arm connector, a lower right arm, a right wrist connector, and a right hand;

[0013] The hip component includes a lumbar component, a steel wire rope, a counterweight, hip skin, an abdomen, and a left / right femur; the left leg component includes left thigh skin, a left thigh skeleton, a left sensor simulator, a left knee joint, left knee skin, a left lower leg skeleton assembly, left lower leg skin, a left ankle assembly, and a left foot assembly;

[0014] The right leg component includes right thigh skin, a right thigh skeleton, a right sensor simulator, a right knee joint, right knee skin, a right lower leg skeleton assembly, right lower leg skin, a right ankle assembly, and a right foot assembly.

[0015] Taking the short-term injury-causing effect represented by the peak overpressure of the shock wave in a strong shock environment and the long-term injury-causing effect represented by linear / angular acceleration as the traction, piezoresistive or piezoelectric overpressure sensors and strain gauges are arranged on the surface of the dummy head, and triaxial acceleration / triaxial angular velocity sensors are arranged at the centroid position of the dummy head; force / moment sensors are arranged on the upper / lower necks of the dummy; multiple triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged on the surface of the dummy head as required to calculate the head movement state;

[0016] Displacement sensors are arranged at the rib positions of the dummy, and triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged at the centroid position of the dummy torso; piezoresistive or piezoelectric overpressure sensors and stress gauges are arranged on the surface of the dummy torso;

[0017] Triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged at the knee and lumbar positions of the dummy;

[0018] The dummy model body serves as an evaluation test platform, and different types and quantities of sensor devices can be arranged at various important parts of the dummy as required to carry out evaluation tests.

[0019] As an optional implementation manner, in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the data acquisition unit is used to acquire the pressure data information, torque data information, angular velocity data information, and acceleration data information of the dummy model body in a strong shock environment;

[0020] The data analysis and processing unit is used to perform shock evaluation on the pressure data information, the torque data information, the angular velocity data information, and the acceleration data information to obtain a shock evaluation result.

[0021] As an optional implementation manner, in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the head-neck (overall) and chest (overall) of the dummy model can be combined together for shock evaluation or separately for shock evaluation;

[0022] The head-neck (overall) and chest (overall) of the dummy model are respectively provided with mounting bases, and each base can be adjusted in degrees of freedom in the X, Y, and Z directions;

[0023] The mounting base is adjusted in three directions by rotating the handwheel. The effective stroke in the Z direction (up and down) is 150 mm, the effective stroke in the X direction (left and right) is 150 mm, and the effective stroke in the Y direction (front and back) is 260 mm. The three-way adjustment has a self-locking function. The bottom of the mounting base is a 360-degree rotating structure and is provided with a rotation scale, and each scale is 1 degree. It can be adjusted according to the test requirements, and there is a locking function on the left side of the bottom to control the rotating seat.

[0024] As an alternative implementation, in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the dummy model can achieve a standing state or a sitting state by replacing the hip component;

[0025] Each joint of the limbs of the dummy model simulates the human joint parts and can be freely adjusted, and the neck has the functions of forward flexion, backward bending, and left - right swing;

[0026] The external dimensions, weight, and the structures and characteristics of the head, neck, chest, hips, arms, and legs of the dummy model are all based on the Chinese human body characteristic standards;

[0027] The head of the dummy model is made of an aluminum skull, a back - of - the - head, a scalp and a back - of - the - head skin made of PVC artificial human skin material, and a high - strength steel upper neck force sensor simulator;

[0028] The neck component of the dummy model is glued by an aluminum skeleton and rubber, with a steel cable with adjustable torque installed in the middle, and consists of an upper end - cover and a lower bracket made of high - quality aluminum;

[0029] The upper torso spine of the dummy model simulates the rigid spine of the human body, including shoulder blades and bionic materials of PVC / polyurethane artificial skin and muscle tissues, high - molecular rib damping materials, and the thoracic vertebrae are made of metal structural materials;

[0030] The hips of the dummy model are cast by wrapping a high - strength aluminum skeleton and PVC / polyurethane artificial skin and muscle tissue materials; a flexible lumbar spine is provided at the upper end of the hips, made of high - performance rubber material; a steel wire rope is provided in the middle of the lumbar spine; the femurs are made of high - performance alloy materials and the femoral heads with ball - head structures, which helps with the conversion of various postures during the dummy test.

[0031] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a high - impact high - fidelity dummy evaluation method, and the method includes:

[0032] S1, Place the dummy model in a high - impact environment, and decide whether to wear protective products and whether to conduct protective performance evaluation tests according to the requirements of the test test outline;

[0033] S2, Use a data acquisition unit to collect data from the dummy model to obtain high - impact data information; the high - impact data information includes pressure data information, torque data information, angular velocity data information, and acceleration data information;

[0034] S3, Use a data analysis and processing unit to process the high - impact data information to obtain an impact evaluation result.

[0035] As an alternative implementation, in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the use of the data acquisition unit to collect data from the dummy model to obtain high - impact data information includes:

[0036] S21, collect data using pressure sensors installed at the eye, front, forehead, top of the head, occipital and ear positions of the dummy model to obtain pressure data information;

[0037] The pressure data information includes eye pressure data information, front pressure data information, forehead pressure data information, top of the head pressure data information, occipital pressure data information and ear pressure data information;

[0038] S22, collect data using a triaxial acceleration sensor and a triaxial angular velocity sensor installed at the centroid position of the dummy model's head to obtain acceleration data information and angular velocity data information;

[0039] The acceleration data information includes x-direction acceleration data information, y-direction acceleration data information and z-direction acceleration data information;

[0040] The angular velocity data information includes x-direction angular velocity data information, y-direction angular velocity data information and z-direction angular velocity data information;

[0041] S23, collect data using a six-axis force and torque sensor installed on the upper neck of the dummy model to obtain torque data information.

[0042] As an optional implementation manner, in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, using the data analysis and processing unit to process the strong impact data information to obtain an impact evaluation result, including:

[0043] S31, process the pressure data information to obtain a pressure evaluation result;

[0044] S32, process the acceleration data information to obtain a head injury evaluation result;

[0045] S33, process the angular velocity data information to obtain a brain injury evaluation result;

[0046] S34, process the torque data information to obtain a neck injury evaluation result;

[0047] S35, integrate the pressure evaluation result, the head evaluation result and the neck injury evaluation result to obtain an impact evaluation result;

[0048] The calculation formula of the impact evaluation result is:

[0049] Y = α×PRE + β×HIC + γ×BrIC

[0050] Among them, Y is the impact assessment result, PRE is the pressure assessment result, HIC is the head injury assessment result, BrIC is the brain injury assessment result, and α, β, and γ are weight coefficients, which are set by experiments, and α + β + γ = 1.

[0051] As an alternative implementation, in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the processing of the acceleration data information to obtain the head injury assessment result includes:

[0052] S321, processing the acceleration data information to obtain a three-axis synthetic acceleration;

[0053] S322, using a preset head injury assessment model to process the acceleration data information to obtain the head injury assessment result;

[0054] The expression of the preset head injury assessment model is:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, a(t) is the three-axis synthetic acceleration, expressed in g, g = 9.81 m / s 2 , t1 is the moment when the head contacts the shock wave, t2 is the end moment of the contact, the unit is second, t2 - t1 ≤ 36 ms, and HIC is the head injury assessment result.

[0057] As an alternative implementation, in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the processing of the angular velocity data information to obtain the brain injury assessment result includes:

[0058] Using a preset brain injury assessment model to process the angular velocity data information to obtain the brain injury assessment result;

[0059] The expression of the preset brain injury assessment model is:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, BrIC is the brain injury assessment result, w x is the angular velocity data information in the x direction, w y is the angular velocity data information in the y direction, w z is the angular velocity data information in the z direction, w xc is the angular velocity critical value in the x direction, w xc = 66.25 rad / s, w yc is the angular velocity critical value in the y direction, w yc = 56.45 rad / s, w zc is the angular velocity critical value in the z direction, w zc = 42.87 rad / s.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0063] Based on the real characteristics of Chinese human body dummies, the present invention designs and develops a high-impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system and method, providing a brand-new and effective evaluation model for high-fidelity dummy physical models and their evaluation systems in high-impact environments, strengthening the test platform attribute of the dummy model, and improving the accuracy of high-impact high-fidelity dummy physical models. The present invention can realize the acquisition and analysis of test data in actual coal mines, chemical environments, free-field explosion shock environments, shock tube tests and other scenarios, and realize the evaluation and test of human injury conditions and the protective effects of protective products (such as protective clothing or protective helmets, etc.) in high-impact environments; different types of sensors can be set at different parts of the dummy model body as needed to study the human injury mechanism and the protective performance of equipment. The method of the present invention provides a theoretical guidance and practical basis for the design and development of more practical and advanced explosion shock wave protection equipment. The dummy model in the embodiments of the present invention has Chinese human body size characteristics, which can better serve the injury mechanism and the structural design of individual protective equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings.

[0065] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a dummy model disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 is a dummy part drawing of a head component disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 is a neck part drawing disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 is a chest part drawing disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 6 is an arm part drawing disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 7 is a hip part drawing disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 8 It is the leg part drawing disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 9 It is the schematic diagram of the adjustment of the installation base disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 10 It is the schematic diagram of the installation of the head-neck (overall) evaluation test base disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 11 It is the schematic diagram of the evaluation of the head-chest (overall) and chest (overall) combined together through the chest installation fixture disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 12 It is the schematic flow diagram of a high-intensity impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 13 It is the drawing of the dummy model and the sensor installation position disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 14 It is the schematic diagram of the sensor origin position disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 15 It is the schematic diagram of the sensor coordinate position disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 16 It is the neck injury index drawing disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 17 It is the schematic diagram of the dummy model installation disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 18 It is the overpressure-time history curve graph disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0083] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] In the description, claims and the above drawings of the present invention, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, device, product or equipment that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0085] Reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0086] The present invention discloses a high-fidelity dummy evaluation system and method for strong impact, the system includes a dummy model, an installation base, and a dummy evaluation module; the dummy model is data-connected to the installation base and the dummy evaluation module; the dummy model includes a dummy component, a neck component, an upper torso component, a left arm component, a right arm component, a hip component, a left leg component, and a right leg component, and is used for impact simulation in a strong impact environment; the installation base includes an X-direction adjustment handle, a Y-direction adjustment handle, a Z-direction adjustment handle, a 360-degree rotation adjustment handle, and a scale; the dummy evaluation module includes a data acquisition unit and a data analysis and processing unit, and is used for impact evaluation of the dummy model. The present invention can realize the acquisition and analysis of test data in scenarios such as coal mines, chemical environments, explosion shock waves, shock tube simulated explosions, and wind tunnel tests, and obtain the parameters generated by strong shock waves. The following will be described in detail respectively.

[0087] Embodiment 1

[0088] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of a high-fidelity dummy evaluation system for strong impact disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Among them, Figure 1 The described high-fidelity dummy evaluation system for strong impact is applied in the field of model simulation technology, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. As Figure 1 shown, the high-fidelity dummy evaluation system for strong impact includes a dummy model, an installation base, and a dummy evaluation module;

[0089] The dummy model is data-connected to the installation base and the dummy evaluation module;

[0090] The dummy model includes a head component, a neck component, an upper torso component, a left arm component, a right arm component, a hip component, a left leg component and a right leg component, and is used for impact simulation in a strong impact environment;

[0091] The mounting base includes an X-direction adjustment handle, a Y-direction adjustment handle, a Z-direction adjustment handle, a 360-degree rotation adjustment handle and a dial;

[0092] The dummy evaluation module includes a data acquisition unit (sensor) and a data analysis and processing unit, and is used for impact evaluation of the dummy model.

[0093] Optionally, the dummy head component includes skin, a skull and a rear cover bone;

[0094] The neck component includes an upper neck cover, a neck steel cable, a neck component and a lower neck bracket;

[0095] The upper torso component includes chest skin, a rib assembly, a left shoulder assembly, a spine assembly and a right shoulder assembly;

[0096] The left arm component includes an upper left arm, a left arm connecting piece, a lower left arm, a left wrist connecting piece and a left hand; the right arm component includes an upper right arm, a right arm connecting piece, a lower right arm, a right wrist connecting piece and a right hand;

[0097] The hip component includes a lumbar component, a steel wire rope, a counterweight, hip skin, an abdomen and a left / right femur;

[0098] The left leg component includes left thigh skin, a left thigh skeleton, a left sensor simulator, a left knee joint, left knee skin, a left lower leg skeleton assembly, left lower leg skin, a left ankle assembly and a left foot assembly;

[0099] The right leg component includes right thigh skin, a right thigh skeleton, a right sensor simulator, a right knee joint, right knee skin, a right lower leg skeleton assembly, right lower leg skin, a right ankle assembly and a right foot assembly.

[0100] The mounting base can be respectively connected to dummies in different states (only head-neck, only head-neck-chest, whole body, etc.) to realize tests in different states / situations (facing the incoming wave, lateral incoming wave or back incoming wave).

[0101] Guided by the injury mechanisms of short-term injury effects represented by the peak overpressure of shock waves in a strong impact environment and long-term injury effects represented by linear / angular acceleration, piezoresistive or piezoelectric overpressure sensors, strain gauges and strain gauges are arranged on the surface of the dummy head as required, and triaxial acceleration / triaxial angular velocity sensors are arranged at the centroid position of the dummy head; six-axis force / torque sensors are arranged on the upper / lower necks of the dummy;

[0102] A plurality of triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged on the surface of the dummy's head as needed to calculate the overall motion state of the head;

[0103] A displacement sensor is arranged at the position of the dummy's ribs, and triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged at the position of the centroid of the dummy's torso; piezoresistive or piezoelectric overpressure sensors, strain gauges and stress gauges are arranged on the surface of the dummy's torso; triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged at the positions of the dummy's knees and lumbar vertebrae;

[0104] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the pressure data information, torque data information, angular velocity data information and acceleration data information of the dummy model body in a strong shock environment;

[0105] The dummy model serves as an evaluation test platform, and different types and quantities of sensor components can be arranged at various important parts of the dummy as needed to carry out evaluation test work; the data analysis and processing unit is used to conduct shock evaluation on the pressure data information, the torque data information, the angular velocity data information and the acceleration data information to obtain a shock evaluation result.

[0106] The external dimensions and weight of the dummy model in the embodiments of the present invention, as well as the structures and characteristics of the head, neck, chest, buttocks, arms and legs are all made based on the standards of Chinese human body characteristics, making the dummy have higher anthropomorphism and simulation of the Chinese human body. In real explosion environments, shock tube explosion simulation environments, wind tunnel environments, etc., parameters such as pressure, noise and acceleration of the dummy model body can be collected, and the collected parameter data can be analyzed to obtain the pressure field, velocity field and acceleration field acting on the high-fidelity human dummy model generated by the explosion shock. Thereby determining the damage degree of the dummy model in the explosion shock environment, the protection performance of the protective equipment and the medical injury-causing principle.

[0107] Optionally, the data acquisition unit is used to acquire the pressure data information, torque data information, angular velocity data information and acceleration data information of the dummy model body in a strong shock environment; guided by the injury-causing mechanisms of short-term injury effects represented by the peak overpressure of the shock wave and long-term injury effects represented by linear / angular acceleration in a strong shock environment, piezoresistive or piezoelectric overpressure sensors and strain gauges or strain gauges are installed on the surface of the dummy's head as needed, and triaxial acceleration / triaxial angular velocity sensors are installed at the centroid position of the dummy's head; six-axis force / torque sensors are installed on the upper / lower neck of the dummy;

[0108] Install a triaxial acceleration sensor on the surface of the dummy's head as needed to calculate the overall motion state of the head; install a displacement sensor at the position of the dummy's ribs and a triaxial acceleration sensor at the position of the centroid of the dummy's torso; install a piezoresistive or piezoelectric overpressure sensor and a strain gauge or stress gauge on the surface of the dummy's torso; install triaxial acceleration sensors at the positions of the dummy's knees and lumbar spine;

[0109] The data analysis and processing unit is used to perform impact evaluation on the pressure data information, the torque data information, the angular velocity data information and the acceleration data information to obtain an impact evaluation result.

[0110] Optionally, the head-neck (overall) and chest (overall) of the dummy model can be combined for impact evaluation or can be evaluated separately.

[0111] The head-neck (overall) and chest (overall) of the dummy model are respectively provided with mounting bases, and each base can be adjusted in degrees of freedom in the X, Y, and Z directions; the mounting base is rotated by a handwheel to achieve three-way adjustment. The effective stroke in the Z direction (up and down) is 150 mm, the effective stroke in the X direction (left and right) is 150 mm, and the effective stroke in the Y direction (front and back) is 260 mm. The three-way adjustment has a self-locking function. The bottom of the mounting base is a 360-degree rotating structure and is equipped with a rotation scale, with each scale being 1 degree. It can be adjusted according to the needs of the experiment, and there is a locking function on the left side of the bottom to control the rotating seat.

[0112] Optionally, the dummy model can be switched between a standing state and a sitting state by replacing the hip component.

[0113] Each joint of the limbs of the dummy model simulates the human joint parts for free adjustment, and the neck has the functions of forward flexion, backward bending, and left and right swinging; the external dimensions, weight, and the structures and characteristics of the head, neck, chest, hips, arms and legs of the dummy model are all based on the Chinese human body characteristic standards.

[0114] The head of the dummy model is composed of an aluminum skull, the back of the head, a scalp and a back-of-the-head skin made of PVC human-like skin material, and a high-strength steel upper neck force sensor simulator; the aluminum skull and the back cover bone have the advantages of light weight and high strength, and the aluminum skull is closer to the human body structure in performance compared with other metal materials.

[0115] The neck component of the dummy model is made by gluing an aluminum skeleton and rubber, with a steel cable with adjustable torque installed in the middle, and consists of an upper end cap and a lower bracket made of high-quality aluminum. Aluminum materials have the advantages of light weight and high strength. The rubber material used is butyl rubber, which has good mechanical properties, excellent properties such as heat resistance, ozone resistance, aging resistance, chemical resistance, vibration damping and energy absorption, and has good performance in simulating the forward and backward bending and left and right swinging of the human neck.

[0116] The upper torso spine of the dummy model simulates the rigid spine of the human body, including the shoulder blades, bionic materials of PVC / polyurethane imitating skin and muscle tissues, and polymer rib damping materials. The thoracic vertebrae adopt metal structural materials, which have good strength, good durability and can be reused.

[0117] The buttocks of the dummy model are formed by pouring a high-strength aluminum skeleton and PVC / polyurethane imitating skin and muscle tissue materials; a flexible lumbar spine is provided at the upper end of the buttocks, and a high-performance rubber material is used; a steel wire rope is arranged in the middle of the lumbar spine; the femur adopts a high-performance alloy material femur and a femoral head with a ball head structure, which helps the conversion of various postures during the dummy test.

[0118] The "platform type" attribute feature of the dummy model itself can replace sensors and combine structures (such as a single head mold, head mold-neck-chest mold or full-body model, etc.) according to different evaluation test environments to achieve different evaluation test purposes.

[0119] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the dummy model disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. The dummy can be in a standing or sitting state for evaluation and testing by replacing the buttocks. Each joint of the limbs simulates the joint parts of the human body for free adjustment. The neck has a high degree of biomechanical simulation and has the functions of forward flexion, backward bending and left and right swinging. In order to ensure the progress of the test and the repeated test usability of the dummy, and to meet the requirements of the test, the structure of the dummy and the chest, as well as the materials of the dummy skull, neck metal materials, chest scapula, pelvis and knee bones are optimized. Optionally, the dummy component includes a skull skin, a skull, a rear cover bone, a rear cover bone skin and an upper neck force sensor simulator for simulating the human head; Figure 3 It is a dummy part drawing of the dummy component disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0120] Dummy component: It is composed of an aluminum skull, a rear head, a scalp and a rear head skin made of PVC imitating human skin materials, and a high-strength steel upper neck force sensor simulator. The aluminum skull and the rear cover bone have the advantages of light weight and high strength, and the aluminum skull is closer to the human structure in performance compared with other metal materials.

[0121] Table 1 Dummy part information

[0122] Serial Number Name Material 1 Skull Skin PVC 2 Skull Aluminum Alloy 3 Rear Skull Bone Aluminum Alloy 4 Rear Skull Bone Skin PVC 5 Upper Neck Force Sensor Simulator High-Strength Quality Steel

[0123] The neck assembly includes an upper neck cover, a neck cable, a neck component, and a lower neck bracket; Figure 4 It is the neck part drawing disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention; Neck assembly: The neck assembly is formed by gluing an aluminum skeleton and rubber, with an adjustable-torque cable installed in the middle, and an upper cover and a lower bracket made of high-quality aluminum. Aluminum materials have advantages such as light weight and high strength. The rubber material uses butyl rubber, which has good mechanical properties, excellent properties such as heat resistance, ozone resistance, aging resistance, chemical resistance, vibration damping and energy absorption, and good performance in simulating the forward and backward bending and left and right swinging of the human neck.

[0124] Table 2 Neck Part Information

[0125] Serial Number Name Material 1 Upper Neck Cover Quality Aluminum, Rubber 2 Neck Cable Stainless Steel 3 Neck Assembly Rubber, Aluminum Alloy Glue 4 Lower Neck Bracket Quality Aluminum

[0126] The upper torso assembly includes chest skin, rib assembly, left shoulder assembly, spine assembly, and right shoulder assembly; Figure 5 It is the chest part drawing disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention; Upper torso assembly: The torso spine simulates the rigid spine of the human body, the shoulder bones, and the bionic materials of PVC / polyurethane imitating skin and muscle tissues, and the polymer rib damping material. The thoracic vertebra structure material uses a metal structure, which has good strength, good durability, and can be reused.

[0127] Table 3 Chest Part Information

[0128] Serial Number Name Material 1 Chest Skin PVC, Polyurethane 2 Rib Assembly Steel, Damping Material 3 Left Shoulder Assembly Aluminum Alloy, Quality Steel 4 Spinal Column Assembly Quality Steel 5 Right Shoulder Assembly Aluminum Alloy, Quality Steel

[0129] The left arm assembly includes an upper left arm, a left arm connector, a lower left arm, a left wrist connector, and a left hand; The right arm assembly includes an upper right arm, a right arm connector, a lower right arm, a right wrist connector, and a right hand;

[0130] Left / Right Arm Assembly: It consists of an upper arm, a lower arm, and a hand. The outside of the skeleton is formed by pouring and molding a steel structure skeleton wrapped with bionic materials of PVC / polyurethane imitating skin and muscle tissues. Each joint part has a nylon protection pad and a rubber block for position limitation to simulate the rotation angle of the human arm. The upper and lower arms and the hand can rotate around the joint parts, and the tightness can be adjusted. Figure 6 It is the arm part drawing disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0131] Table 4 Arm Part Information

[0132] Serial Number Name Material 1 Upper Arm PVC, Polyurethane, Quality Steel 2 Arm Connector Steel 3 Lower Arm PVC, Polyurethane, Quality Steel 4 Wrist Connector Quality Steel 5 Left / Right Hand PVC, Quality Steel

[0133] The hip assembly includes a lumbar spine assembly, a steel wire rope, a counterweight, hip skin, the abdomen, and left / right femurs;

[0134] Hip Component: The hip is made by casting a high-strength aluminum skeleton wrapped with PVC / polyurethane skin and muscle tissue-like materials. A flexible lumbar spine is set at the upper end of the hip, made of high-performance rubber material with good bionic performance. A steel wire rope is set in the middle of the lumbar spine. The femur uses high-performance alloy material and a femoral head with a ball head structure, which helps with the conversion of various postures during dummy tests. The dummy model can be evaluated and tested in a standing or sitting state by replacing the hip. Each joint of the limbs can be freely adjusted to simulate the human joint parts, and the neck has a high degree of biomechanical simulation, with functions of forward flexion, backward bending, and left and right swinging. To ensure the progress of the test and the reusability of the dummy, and to meet the test requirements, the structures of the head and chest, as well as the materials of the dummy's skull, neck metal material, chest scapula, pelvis, and knee bones, etc., have been optimized. Figure 7 It is the hip part drawing disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0135] Table 5 Hip Part Information

[0136] Serial Number Name Material 1 Lumbar Spine Assembly Assembly 2 Steel Wire Rope Quality Steel 3 Counterweight Block Quality Steel 4 Hip Skin Aluminum, PVC / Polyurethane 5 Abdomen PVC / Polyurethane 6 Left / Right Femur Copper Alloy

[0137] The left leg component includes left thigh skin, left thigh skeleton, left sensor simulator, left knee joint, left knee skin, left lower leg skeleton assembly, left lower leg skin, left ankle assembly, and left foot assembly; the right leg component includes right thigh skin, right thigh skeleton, right sensor simulator, right knee joint, right knee skin, right lower leg skeleton assembly, right lower leg skin, right ankle assembly, and right foot assembly.

[0138] Leg: It consists of the thigh, knee, lower leg, and foot. The thigh, knee, and lower leg skin are cast by PVC and polyurethane skin and muscle material molds, and the skeleton is made of steel. The foot is internally cast with a steel structure skeleton as a whole. The knee is processed from high-performance aluminum, with rubber materials and sliders simulating ligaments and calf bones inside. The sliders are cast from stainless steel and natural rubber, simulating the ligaments on both sides of the knee. Through the sliding test, data feedback of the human lower leg can be obtained. The lower leg can rotate freely through the slider of the knee joint. The ankle is a steel structure that simulates the human ankle bone structure and can rotate freely in all directions and has locking and tension adjustment functions. Figure 8 It is the leg part drawing disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0139] Table 6 Leg Part Information

[0140] Serial Number Name Material 1 Left / Right Thigh Skin PVC, Polyurethane 2 Thigh Skeleton Quality Steel 3 Sensor Simulator Quality Steel 4 Knee Joint Quality Aluminum, Stainless Steel 5 Left / Right Knee Skin PVC, Polyurethane 6 Lower Leg Skeleton Assembly Quality Steel 7 Left / Right Lower Leg Skin PVC, Polyurethane 8 Ankle Assembly Quality Steel 9 Left / Right Foot Assembly PVC, Quality Steel

[0141] The mounting base can be respectively mounted on the head-neck (whole) and chest (whole), and realizes the adjustment of degrees of freedom in three directions (X, Y, and Z directions). The head and neck can not only be integrated with the chest for testing, but also be tested together with the whole dummy. At the same time, it can be disassembled and used alone for testing. To meet the requirements of using the head and neck alone or integrated with the chest for testing, the base can achieve three-way adjustment by turning the handwheel. Among them, the stroke in the Z direction (up and down) is 150 mm, the stroke in the X direction (left and right) is 150 mm, and the stroke in the Y direction (front and back) is 260 mm. The three-way adjustment has a self-locking function. The bottom of the base is a 360-degree rotating structure and is equipped with a rotation scale. Each scale is 1 degree, which can be adjusted according to the test requirements. And there is a locking function on the left side of the bottom to control the rotating seat. Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the adjustment of the mounting base disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0142] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the base for the evaluation test of the head-neck (whole) disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention; it can be installed on the base through a mounting seat (head and neck mounting fixture) below the neck. Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the evaluation of the head-chest (whole) and chest (whole) combined through the chest mounting fixture in the embodiment of the present invention; the freely adjustable high-fidelity dummy model fixing base in this embodiment can be respectively mounted on the head-neck (whole) and chest (whole) of the high-fidelity dummy model, and each base can perform the adjustment of degrees of freedom in three directions (X, Y, and Z directions). The head and neck of the high-fidelity dummy model can not only be integrated with the chest for testing, but also be tested together with the whole dummy. At the same time, it can be disassembled and used alone for testing. This mounting base ensures the stability and reliability of different test postures of the high-fidelity dummy model, improves the accuracy of the shock wave high-fidelity dummy model, and provides a favorable support for the design and development of more advanced and practical shock wave protection equipment.

[0143] It can be seen that the present invention designs and develops a high-fidelity dummy evaluation system and method for strong impact based on the real characteristics of Chinese human dummies, provides a new and effective evaluation model for the high-fidelity dummy physical model and its evaluation system under strong impact environments, and improves the accuracy of the high-fidelity dummy physical model for strong impact. The present invention can realize the acquisition and analysis of test data in actual coal mines, chemical environments, explosion shock waves, shock tube simulated explosions, wind tunnel tests and other scenarios, and obtain parameters such as pressure, noise, force and moment, speed, and acceleration acting on the high-fidelity dummy model of the human body generated by the explosion shock wave. It provides a theoretical guidance and practical basis for the design and development of more practical and advanced explosion shock wave protection equipment.

[0144] Embodiment 2

[0145] Please refer to Figure 12, Figure 12 is a schematic flowchart of a strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Among them, Figure 12 the described strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation method is applied to the field of model simulation technology, and the embodiments of the present invention do not make limitations. As Figure 12 shown, the strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation method includes:

[0146] S1, Place the dummy model in a strong impact environment, and decide whether to wear protective products and whether to conduct protective performance evaluation tests according to the requirements of the test test outline;

[0147] S2, Use a data acquisition unit to collect data from the dummy model to obtain strong impact data information; the strong impact data information includes pressure data information, moment data information, angular velocity data information, and acceleration data information;

[0148] S3, Use a data analysis and processing unit to process the strong impact data information to obtain an impact evaluation result.

[0149] Optionally, the use of the data acquisition unit to collect data from the dummy model to obtain strong impact data information includes:

[0150] S21, Use pressure sensors installed at the eye, front, forehead, top of the head, occipital, and ear positions of the dummy model to collect data to obtain pressure data information; the pressure data information includes eye pressure data information, front pressure data information, forehead pressure data information, top of the head pressure data information, occipital pressure data information, and ear pressure data information;

[0151] S22, Use a three-axis acceleration sensor and a three-axis angular velocity sensor installed at the centroid position of the dummy model's head to collect data to obtain acceleration data information and angular velocity data information;

[0152] The acceleration data information includes x-direction acceleration data information, y-direction acceleration data information, and z-direction acceleration data information; the angular velocity data information includes x-direction angular velocity data information, y-direction angular velocity data information, and z-direction angular velocity data information;

[0153] S23, Use a six-axis force and moment sensor installed on the upper neck of the dummy model to collect data to obtain moment data information.

[0154] Optionally, the use of the data analysis and processing unit to process the strong impact data information to obtain an impact evaluation result includes:

[0155] S31, Process the pressure data information to obtain a pressure evaluation result;

[0156] S32. Process the acceleration data information to obtain a head injury assessment result;

[0157] S33. Process the angular velocity data information to obtain a brain injury assessment result;

[0158] S34. Process the torque data information to obtain a neck injury assessment result;

[0159] S35. Integrate the pressure assessment result, the head assessment result, and the neck injury assessment result to obtain an impact assessment result;

[0160] The calculation formula for the impact assessment result is: Y = α×PRE + β×HIC + γ×BrIC, where Y is the impact assessment result, PRE is the pressure assessment result, HIC is the head injury assessment result, BrIC is the brain injury assessment result, and α, β, and γ are weight coefficients set by experiments, and α + β + γ = 1.

[0161] Optionally, the process of processing the acceleration data information to obtain a head injury assessment result includes:

[0162] S321. Process the acceleration data information to obtain a three-axis combined acceleration;

[0163] S322. Use a preset head injury assessment model to process the acceleration data information to obtain a head injury assessment result; the expression of the preset head injury assessment model is:

[0164]

[0165] In the formula, a(t) is the three-axis combined acceleration, expressed in g, g = 9.81m / s 2 , t1 is the moment when the head contacts the shock wave, t2 is the end moment of the contact, in seconds, t2 - t1 ≤ 36ms, and HIC is the head injury assessment result.

[0166] Optionally, the process of processing the angular velocity data information to obtain a brain injury assessment result includes:

[0167] Use a preset brain injury assessment model to process the angular velocity data information to obtain a brain injury assessment result; the expression of the preset brain injury assessment model is:

[0168]

[0169] In the formula, BrIC is the brain injury assessment result, w x is the angular velocity data information in the x direction, w yis the angular velocity data information in the y direction, w z is the angular velocity data information in the z direction, w xc is the angular velocity critical value in the x direction, w xc = 66.25 rad / s, w yc is the angular velocity critical value in the y direction, w yc = 56.45 rad / s, w zc is the angular velocity critical value in the z direction, w zc = 42.87 rad / s.

[0170] Optionally, process the pressure data information to obtain a pressure evaluation result, including:

[0171] S311, extract features from the pressure data information to obtain pressure feature parameter information; the pressure feature parameter information includes eye feature parameter information, front part feature parameter information, forehead feature parameter information, top of the head feature parameter information, occipital feature parameter information, and ear feature parameter information;

[0172] The steps of feature extraction are: using the formula: S1 = 20log 10 |X(k)| 2

[0173] where, S1 is the eye feature parameter information, x(n) is the eye pressure data information, N is the length of x(n), x(n) = [x1, x2,..., x N-1 , x i , i = 1, 2,..., N - 1 is the i-th sample point in x(n);

[0174] According to the same feature extraction method, extract features from the front part pressure data information, forehead pressure data information, top of the head pressure data information, occipital pressure data information, and ear pressure data information to obtain front part pressure data information S2, forehead pressure data information S3, top of the head pressure data information S4, occipital pressure data information S5, and ear pressure data information S6;

[0175] S312, use the pressure feature parameter information to train a preset pressure evaluation model to obtain an optimized pressure evaluation model;

[0176] Perform feature fusion on the eye feature parameter information S1, front part pressure data information S2, forehead pressure data information S3, top of the head pressure data information S4, occipital pressure data information S5, and ear pressure data information S6 to obtain fusion parameter information;

[0177] The fusion method is as follows: Obtain the feature information X and feature information Y to be fused; X is an n'×m' - dimensional matrix, and Y is a p×m' - dimensional matrix, where m' represents the number of samples, and n' and p represent the dimensions of the two features. Project the two matrices onto 1 - dimension for linear representation, corresponding to the projection vectors a1 and b1 respectively. Then the projected feature matrices become:

[0178]

[0179] The purpose is to maximize the correlation coefficient between X' and Y', so as to obtain the projection vectors a1 and b1 when the correlation coefficient is the largest, that is:

[0180]

[0181] Before projection, standardize the data. The purpose of standardization is to make the mean of the data 0 and the variance 1, and we can get:

[0182] cov(X',Y') = cov(a1 T X,b1 T Y) = E(<a1 T X,b1 T Y>) = E((a1 T X)(b1 T Y) T ) = a1 T E(XY T )b1

[0183]

[0184] D(X) = cov(X,X) = E(X T X), D(Y) = cov(Y,Y) = E(Y T Y)

[0185] cov(X,Y) = E(XY T ), cov(Y,X) = E(YX T )

[0186] S XX = cov(X,X), then the solution target is transformed into:

[0187]

[0188] Step1: Calculate the variances S XX of X and Y, and the covariance S YY of XY and YX, S XY = S YX T ;

[0189] Step2: Calculate the matrix

[0190] Step 3: Solve the singular values of M′ to obtain the largest singular value and its front and back singular vectors u, v;

[0191] Step 4: The projection vectors a1 and b1 of X and Y are respectively:

[0192]

[0193] Step 5: The fused feature vector Z of X and Y is

[0194] Fuse S1 and S2 to obtain S7, fuse S3 and S4 to obtain S8, fuse S5 and S6 to obtain S9; fuse S7, S8 and S9 to obtain the fused parameter information;

[0195] Fused parameter information S 10 = a1S7 + a2S8 + a3S9, a1 + a2 + a3 = 1, a1, a1, a1 are weights set by experiments. Use the fused parameter information to train the preset pressure evaluation model to obtain the optimized pressure evaluation model;

[0196] The preset pressure evaluation model is the CTPN model; the CTPN model includes a VGG16 convolutional model, a bidirectional LSTM model and a fully connected layer;

[0197] Input the fused parameter information into the VGG16 convolutional model; the VGG16 network includes 13 convolutional layers, 5 max-pooling layers and 3 fully connected layers;

[0198] In the convolutional layer, use a two-dimensional convolutional kernel w ∈ R 3×3 Extract features from the video feature parameter information to obtain the feature matrix C n ;

[0199]

[0200] where n represents the number of convolution operations, m represents the number of convolutional kernels, p i represents the i-th feature matrix obtained, f represents the non-linear activation function, · represents the corresponding operation of the shared weight of the convolutional kernel and the feature matrix, w represents the weight of the convolutional kernel, b represents the bias value, R 3×3 represents a 3×3 real matrix;

[0201] In the pooling layer, use the max-pooling method, and the formula for feature extraction is as follows:

[0202] p u = Max 2×2 [Cn

[0203] Among them, u represents the number of pooling times, and Max 2×2 represents the operation method of max pooling for a 2×2 matrix, and p u is the extracted feature; after multiple convolution and pooling operations, the data stream after Reshape processing is input into a bidirectional LSTM model to obtain a feature vector with temporal attributes, which is expressed by the formula:

[0204] o t = g(V st + V′ sT′ ), where s t represents the output at time t of the forward time series, s′ t represents the output at time t of the reverse time series, U Xt represents the initial input of the forward time series, U′ Xt represents the initial input of the reverse time series, represents the input at the previous moment of the forward time series, the input at the next moment of the reverse time series, o t represents the output at time t. After feature extraction by the time series model, the spatial + sequence feature vector is input into the RPN network, and at the same time, two feature extraction networks are passed through. One obtains positive and negative feedback classifications by softmax classifying the feature vector set, and the other is used to calculate the boundary value regression offset for the feature vector set to obtain accurate measurement results.

[0205] S313. Using the optimized pressure evaluation model, process the pressure feature parameter information to be processed to obtain a pressure evaluation result.

[0206] It can be seen that the present invention designs and develops a strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system and method based on the real characteristics of Chinese human body dummies, provides a brand-new and effective evaluation model for high-fidelity dummy physical models and their evaluation systems in a strong impact environment, and improves the accuracy of high-fidelity dummy physical models in a strong impact. The present invention can realize the acquisition and analysis of experimental data in actual scenarios such as coal mines, chemical environments, explosion shock waves, shock tube simulated explosions, and wind tunnel tests, and obtain parameters such as pressure, noise, force and moment, velocity, and acceleration acting on the high-fidelity human body dummy model generated by the explosion shock wave. It provides a theoretical guidance and practical basis for the design and development of more practical and advanced explosion shock wave protection equipment.

[0207] Embodiment III

[0208] ​The physical model of the high-fidelity dummy in this embodiment consists of 8 parts, namely, 1 dummy component, 2 neck components, 3 upper torso components, 4 left arm components, 5 right arm components, 6 hip components, 7 left leg components, and 8 right leg components. The steps for manufacturing the physical model of the high-fidelity dummy are as follows:

[0209] (1) According to the Chinese human body characteristic standards, the head of the physical model of the high-fidelity dummy is made of an aluminum skull, the back of the head, the scalp and the skin of the back of the head made of PVC artificial human skin material, and a high-strength steel upper neck force sensor simulator. The neck component is made of an aluminum skeleton glued with rubber, with a steel cable with adjustable torque installed in the middle, and an upper end cap and a lower bracket made of high-quality aluminum processed. The upper torso consists of a torso spine simulating the rigid spine of the human body, shoulder bones, and bionic materials of PVC / polyurethane artificial skin and muscle tissues, and polymer rib damping materials. The hip is made by pouring a material that wraps a high-strength aluminum skeleton and PVC / polyurethane artificial skin and muscle tissues. A flexible lumbar spine is provided at the upper end of the hip, made of a high-performance rubber material with good bionic performance. A steel wire rope is provided in the middle of the lumbar spine. The femur is made of a high-performance alloy material and a femoral head with a ball head structure, which helps with the conversion of various postures during the dummy test. The arm consists of the upper arm, the lower arm, and the hand. The outside of the skeleton is formed by pouring a bionic material of PVC / polyurethane artificial skin and muscle tissues to wrap the steel structure skeleton. Nylon protective pads and rubber blocks are provided at each joint part to limit the position, simulating the rotation angle of the human arm. The upper and lower arms and the hand can rotate around the joint part, and the tightness can be adjusted. The leg consists of the thigh, the knee, the calf, and the foot. The skin of the thigh, the knee, and the calf is formed by pouring a PVC and polyurethane artificial skin and muscle material mold, and the skeleton is made of steel. The foot is internally formed by pouring a steel structure skeleton as a whole. The knee is made of high-performance aluminum processed, with a rubber material and a slider simulating the ligament and the calf bone installed inside. The slider is formed by pouring stainless steel and natural rubber, simulating the ligaments on both sides of the knee. The data feedback of the human calf can be obtained through the sliding test. The calf can rotate freely through the slider of the knee joint. The ankle is a steel structure that simulates the human ankle bone structure and can rotate freely in all directions and has a locking and tightness adjustment function.

[0210] (2) According to the characteristics of the protective equipment to be tested and the specific scenario of the test environment, overpressure or piezoelectric sensors are placed at the forehead, eyes, back of the head, top of the head, chest, and legs of the high-fidelity dummy model. Acceleration and angular acceleration sensors are placed at the centroid of the head and the centroid of the chest of the high-fidelity dummy model. A force & moment sensor is installed at the upper neck, and a noise sensor is installed at the ear.

[0211] (3) Connect the high-fidelity dummy model installed with the detection system to the data acquisition and analysis system correspondingly. Then, place the entire high-fidelity dummy model in test environments such as actual explosion environments, shock tube simulated explosions, or wind tunnel tests to evaluate the damage caused to the high-fidelity dummy under the action of actual explosion shock waves.

[0212] (4) Through the dummy evaluation module connected to the high-fidelity head, collect parameters such as pressure, noise, force & moment, velocity, and acceleration at parts of the high-fidelity dummy model, including the forehead, eyes, ears, back of the head, top of the head, neck, chest, and legs under the action of actual explosion shock waves, and describe and evaluate the mechanical response, acoustic response, and explosion damage degree under the action of explosion shock waves.

[0213] Example 4

[0214] The high-fidelity physical dummy model used in this example is designed according to the latest Chinese adult body size data and is a test device independently developed for evaluating the human body damage effect of explosion shock waves and the protective performance of equipment. It is the dummy model and sensor installation position diagram disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The overall structure is composed of materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, rubber, and polyurethane. The main body of the head of the high-fidelity physical dummy model is an aluminum skull covered with bionic skin material; the neck is formed by compounding an aluminum skeleton and rubber, with adjustable steel cables built-in, which can simulate the stress and movement state of the cervical vertebrae.

[0215] According to the influence of the "short-term" injury effect, 6 pressure sensors (located at the eyes, front, forehead, top of the head, occipital part, and ears respectively) are set and installed on the surface of the high-fidelity physical dummy model. The sensors use small piezoelectric pressure sensors (PCB Piezotronics, Inc., model: 113B21); according to the influence of the "long-term" injury effect, a triaxial acceleration sensor (Kistler Group, model: M0064C-2000-9C1-T) and a triaxial angular velocity sensor (DTS, model: ARS PRO-8K) are set at the centroid position of the head, and a six-axis force & moment sensor (Kistler Group, model: M555A6FM) is set at the upper neck (as Figure 13);The data acquisition system uses the data acquisition devices independently developed by Hunan Saifu Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. (sampling frequency: 1 MHz, model SFSC-08 and sampling frequency: 500 kHz, model SFSC-34). The directions of acceleration and force of the high-fidelity physical dummy model are respectively defined as follows: the positive direction of the X axis is from the occipital part to the face, the positive direction of the Y axis is from the left ear to the right ear, and the positive direction of the Z axis is perpendicular to the ground and pointing to the top of the high-fidelity physical dummy model's head; the directions of angular velocity and torque are respectively defined as follows: keep the right thumb consistent with the positive direction of the corresponding acceleration / force, and the positive directions of angular velocity and torque are consistent with the bending direction of the four fingers.

[0216] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the origin position of the sensor. Taking the center of mass of the head as the origin, the front of the dummy is the positive direction of the x-axis, the right of the dummy is the positive direction of the y-axis, and the bottom of the dummy is the positive direction of the z-axis. Figure 14 (a) is a schematic diagram of the coordinate axes, Figure 14 (b) is the side view, Figure 14 (c) is the front view. Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the sensor coordinate position, Figure 15 (a) is the center point of the sensor end, Figure 15 (b) is the front view, Figure 15 (c) is the side view. The test data is filtered. Among them, the acceleration, angular velocity and upper neck force of the head center of mass should be filtered using the filtering level of CFC (Channel Frequency Class) 1000; the upper neck torque is filtered using the filtering level of CFC600.

[0217] The 3ms criterion stipulates that when the duration of the head acceleration acting continuously is greater than 3ms, 80g is the tolerance threshold for head injury. In this regard, this embodiment sets 80g as the limit value and counts whether its continuous action time is greater than 3ms for injury determination. The expression of the head injury assessment result is:

[0218]

[0219] In the formula, a(t) is the three-axis synthetic acceleration, expressed in g, g = 9.81m / s 2 , t1 is the moment when the head contacts the shock wave, t2 is the end moment of the contact, the unit is second, t2 - t1 ≤ 36ms, and HIC is the head injury assessment result.

[0220] The expression of the brain injury assessment result is:

[0221]

[0222] In the formula, BrIC is the brain injury assessment result, w x is the angular velocity data information in the x direction, w yis the angular velocity data information in the y direction, w z is the angular velocity data information in the z direction, w xc is the angular velocity critical value in the x direction, w xc = 66.25 rad / s, w yc is the angular velocity critical value in the y direction, w yc = 56.45 rad / s, w zc is the angular velocity critical value in the z direction, w zc = 42.87 rad / s.

[0223] Situations causing head injuries (peak head acceleration greater than 400 g, or peak acceleration greater than 200 g and continuous action time greater than 2 ms, or peak acceleration greater than 150 g and continuous action time greater than 4 ms), and the standard value for judging craniocerebral injury through the HIC value is HIC = 700. For neck injuries, injury determination is carried out, such as Figure 16 , Figure 16 is the neck injury index diagram disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is stipulated that the bending moment in the Y direction of the upper neck should not be greater than 57 N·m.

[0224] The installation position of the high-fidelity physical dummy model in the shock tube is shown in Figure 17 . It is rigidly connected to the test section of the shock tube, and the distance between the end faces of the overpressure sensors on the left and right chests of the high-fidelity physical dummy model and the outlet section of the test section is maintained at 10 mm. During the test, the shock tube is driven by compressed air, and a simulated explosion shock wave environment with overpressure peaks of 77 kPa, 130 kPa, and 203 kPa is generated by impacting with an aluminum or steel diaphragm for testing.

[0225] Figure 18 are the overpressure-time curves measured by the overpressure sensors at the outlet of the test section for 77 kPa (77.1 ± 4.02 kPa), 130 kPa (131.2 ± 0.9 kPa), and 203 kPa (202.8 ± 3.16 kPa) respectively. It can be seen from Figure 13 that the repeatability of the shock wave overpressure peak-time history curves under different impact environments is good. By comparing the curves in Figure 13 , it can be seen that Figure 13 the first peak in the shown curve is caused by the shock wave generated by the diaphragm rupture; since the reflected pressure on the surface of the high-fidelity physical dummy model is usually 2 - 8 times the peak free-field pressure, when the free-field shock wave contacts the high-fidelity physical dummy model and interacts to form a reflected wave, we speculate that this peak corresponds to Figure 13 the second peak in.

[0226] From the video recording of the test site, it can be seen that in different strong shock wave environments, due to the damping effect of the rubber structure built into the neck of the high-fidelity physical dummy model, the high-fidelity physical dummy model will be in a stretched state and rotate backward around the fixed point due to the action of the shock wave before and after the test. This movement process becomes more intense with the increase of the shock wave action. As the action time increases, the amplitude gradually decreases and finally returns to the equilibrium state.

[0227] Table 7 statistically analyzes the peak overpressure on the surface of different positions of the high-fidelity physical dummy model. From the statistical results, it can be seen that the peak overpressure at each measuring point increases with the increase of the free-field pressure. Compared with the test results of Ganpule et al., in the shock wave overpressure environment of 77 kPa, there is no obvious injury to the human brain; in the shock wave overpressure environment of 130 kPa, moderate to severe injuries will occur to the human brain; in the shock wave overpressure environment exceeding 203 kPa, severe injuries will occur to the human brain. The ears and eyes have typical "cavity" structures, which are extremely likely to form a "convergence - superposition" effect, thus causing injuries. During the research process of this embodiment, the peak overpressure of the eyes and ears is greater than 100 kPa, and attention should be paid to increasing protection. Table 6 calculates and classifies and statistically analyzes various injury data. Among them, for brain injuries caused by acceleration, in three different shock wave pressure environments, based on the 3 ms criterion and the acceleration peak - duration criterion, no obvious injuries are found in the brain in all shock wave pressure environments; based on the HIC calculation of the synthetic acceleration curve of the head of the high-fidelity physical dummy model, it is found that the HIC 15 values obtained from the high-fidelity physical dummy model in different strong shock wave test environments are all less than 700, and no obvious injuries are found. For the injury criterion of the angular velocity of the head centroid, the BrIC value is calculated. It is found that in all strong shock wave environments, the BrIC values are 0.13, 0.36, and 0.72 (corresponding to the shock wave pressure environments of 77 kPa, 130 kPa, and 203 kPa), respectively. Therefore, it is determined that when the shock wave pressure exceeds 203 kPa, head injuries are very likely to occur. For the injury criterion of neck tensile / shearing force, the maximum value of the neck tensile force does not exceed 1 kN in three different shock wave pressure environments, so no obvious injuries will occur; however, when the shock wave pressure exceeds 203 kPa, the bending moment in the Y direction of the neck has reached 60.24 N·m, which has exceeded the safety threshold (should not be greater than 57 N·m), and injuries caused by excessive bending moment in the Y direction of the neck may occur.

[0228] Table 7 Injury-related Statistical Table

[0229]

[0230] The maximum values of the neck tensile force under three different shock wave pressure environments do not exceed 1 kN, so obvious injuries will not occur. However, when the shock wave pressure exceeds 203 kPa, the bending moment in the Y direction of the neck has reached 60.24 N·m, which has exceeded the safety threshold (should not be greater than 57 N·m). Therefore, injuries caused by excessive bending moment in the Y direction of the neck may occur.

[0231] Generally speaking, the craniocerebral injury caused by blast shock waves is a complex process involving multiple physical mechanisms and biological responses. The combined action of the "short-term" injury effect and the "long-term" injury effect leads to extensive injuries from local to overall. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of these effects is of great significance for revealing the mechanism of craniocerebral injury caused by blast shock waves, formulating protection strategies, and optimizing treatment plans.

[0232] The device embodiments described above are only illustrative. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative work.

[0233] Through the specific descriptions of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation can be achieved by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on such an understanding, the above technical solution, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium includes read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM), electrically-erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc memories, magnetic disk memories, tape memories, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.

[0234] Finally, it should be noted that what is disclosed in an impact-resistant high-fidelity dummy evaluation system and method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high - impact high - imitation dummy evaluation system, characterized in that, The system includes a dummy model, a mounting base, and a dummy evaluation module; The dummy model is data-connected to the mounting base and the dummy evaluation module; The dummy model includes a head component, a neck component, an upper torso component, a left arm component, a right arm component, a hip component, a left leg component, and a right leg component, and is used for impact simulation in a strong impact environment; The mounting base includes an X-direction adjustment handle, a Y-direction adjustment handle, a Z-direction adjustment handle, a 360-degree rotation adjustment handle, and a dial; The dummy evaluation module includes a data acquisition unit and a data analysis and processing unit, and is used for impact evaluation of the dummy model and protective products.

2. The strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein The dummy head component includes skin, a skull, and a rear cover bone; The neck component includes an upper neck cover, a neck steel cable, a neck component, and a lower neck bracket; The upper torso component includes chest skin, a rib assembly, a left shoulder assembly, a spinal column assembly, and a right shoulder assembly; The left arm component includes an upper left arm, a left arm connector, a lower left arm, a left wrist connector, and a left hand; The right arm component includes an upper right arm, a right arm connector, a lower right arm, a right wrist connector, and a right hand; The hip component includes a lumbar spine component, a steel wire rope, a counterweight, hip skin, an abdomen, and a left / right femur; The left leg component includes left thigh skin, a left thigh skeleton, a left sensor simulator, a left knee joint, left knee skin, a left lower leg skeleton assembly, left lower leg skin, a left ankle assembly, and a left foot assembly; The right leg component includes right thigh skin, a right thigh skeleton, a right sensor simulator, a right knee joint, right knee skin, a right lower leg skeleton assembly, right lower leg skin, a right ankle assembly, and a right foot assembly.

3. The strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that Taking the short-term injury-causing effect represented by the peak overpressure of the shock wave in a strong impact environment and the long-term injury-causing mechanism represented by linear / angular acceleration as the guide, piezoresistive or piezoelectric overpressure sensors, strain gauges, and strain meters are arranged on the surface of the dummy head as needed, and triaxial acceleration / triaxial angular velocity sensors are arranged at the centroid position of the dummy head; six-axis force / torque sensors are arranged on the upper / lower neck of the dummy; Multiple triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged on the surface of the dummy head as needed to calculate the overall motion state of the head; Displacement sensors are arranged at the rib positions of the dummy, and triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged at the centroid position of the dummy torso; piezoresistive or piezoelectric overpressure sensors, stress gauges, and stress meters are arranged on the surface of the dummy torso; Triaxial acceleration sensors are arranged at the knee and lumbar spine positions of the dummy; The data acquisition unit is used to collect the pressure data information, torque data information, angular velocity data information, and acceleration data information of the dummy model body in a strong impact environment; The dummy model serves as an evaluation test platform, and different types and quantities of sensor devices can be arranged at various important parts of the dummy as needed to carry out evaluation test work; the data analysis and processing unit is used to perform impact evaluation on the pressure data information, torque data information, angular velocity data information, and acceleration data information to obtain an impact evaluation result.

4. The strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The head-neck assembly and the chest assembly of the dummy model can be either combined for impact assessment or separately assessed for impact individually; The head-neck assembly and the chest assembly of the dummy model are respectively equipped with mounting bases, and each base can be adjusted in degrees of freedom in the X, Y, and Z directions; The mounting base is adjusted in three directions by rotating the handwheel. The effective up-and-down travel in the Z direction is 150 mm, the effective left-and-right travel in the X direction is 150 mm, and the effective front-and-back travel in the Y direction is 260 mm. The three-way adjustment is provided with a self-locking function. The bottom of the mounting base is a 360-degree rotating structure with a rotation scale, and each scale is 1 degree. It can be adjusted according to the requirements of the test, and there is a locking function on the left side of the bottom to control the rotating seat.

5. The strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The dummy model can be in a standing position or a sitting position by replacing the hip assembly; Each joint of the limbs of the dummy model is adjusted freely simulating the human joint parts, and the neck has the functions of forward flexion, backward bending, and left-and-right swing; The external dimensions, weight, and the structures and characteristics of the head, neck, chest, hips, arms, and legs of the dummy model are all based on the Chinese human body characteristic standards; The head of the dummy model is made of metals such as aluminum or high-bionic skulls such as PEEK, the back of the head, and the scalp and the skin of the back of the head made of human body-simulating materials such as PVC, and a high-strength steel upper neck force sensor simulator; The neck assembly of the dummy model is glued together by an aluminum skeleton and rubber, and a steel cable with adjustable torque is installed in the middle, and is composed of an upper end cover and a lower bracket made of high-quality aluminum; The upper torso spine of the dummy model simulates the rigid spine of the human body, including the scapula and bionic materials of PVC / polyurethane simulating skin and muscle tissues, and high-molecular rib damping materials, and the thoracic vertebrae adopt metal structural materials; The hips of the dummy model are cast by wrapping a high-strength aluminum skeleton and PVC / polyurethane simulating skin and muscle tissue materials; a flexible lumbar spine is provided at the upper end of the hips, and a high-performance rubber material is used; a steel wire rope is provided in the middle of the lumbar spine; the femur adopts a high-performance alloy material femur and a femoral head with a ball head structure, which helps the conversion of various postures during the dummy test.

6. A method for evaluating a high-impact high-fidelity dummy, characterized in that, Applied to the high-fidelity dummy impact assessment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method includes: S1, placing the dummy model in a high-impact environment; deciding whether to wear protective products according to the requirements of the test test outline, and whether to conduct protective performance evaluation tests as required; S2, using the data acquisition unit to collect data from the dummy model to obtain high-impact data information; the high-impact data information includes pressure data information, torque data information, angular velocity data information, and acceleration data information; S3, using the data analysis and processing unit to process the high-impact data information to obtain the impact assessment result.

7. The strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The use of the data acquisition unit to collect data from the dummy model to obtain high-impact data information includes: S21, using the pressure sensors installed at the eye, front, forehead, top of the head, occipital, and ear positions of the dummy model to collect data to obtain pressure data information; The pressure data information includes eye pressure data information, anterior pressure data information, forehead pressure data information, top-of-head pressure data information, occipital pressure data information, and ear pressure data information; S22. Use the triaxial acceleration sensor and triaxial angular velocity sensor installed at the centroid position of the head of the dummy model to collect data, and obtain acceleration data information and angular velocity data information; The acceleration data information includes x-direction acceleration data information, y-direction acceleration data information, and z-direction acceleration data information; The angular velocity data information includes x-direction angular velocity data information, y-direction angular velocity data information, and z-direction angular velocity data information; S23. Use the six-axis force and torque sensor installed on the upper neck of the dummy model to collect data, and obtain torque data information.

8. The strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that Using the data analysis and processing unit, process the strong impact data information to obtain an impact evaluation result, including: S31. Process the pressure data information to obtain a pressure evaluation result; S32. Process the acceleration data information to obtain a head injury evaluation result; S33. Process the angular velocity data information to obtain a brain injury evaluation result; S34. Process the torque data information to obtain a neck injury evaluation result; S35. Integrate the pressure evaluation result, the head evaluation result, and the neck injury evaluation result to obtain an impact evaluation result; The calculation formula of the impact evaluation result is: Y = α×PRE + β×HIC + γ×BrIC Where, Y is the impact evaluation result, PRE is the pressure evaluation result, HIC is the head injury evaluation result, BrIC is the brain injury evaluation result, α, β, and γ are weight coefficients set by experiments, and α + β + γ = 1.

9. The strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation method according to claim 8, characterized in that The process of processing the acceleration data information to obtain a head injury evaluation result includes: S321. Process the acceleration data information to obtain a three-axis combined acceleration; S322. Use the preset head injury evaluation model to process the acceleration data information to obtain a head injury evaluation result; The expression of the preset head injury evaluation model is: Wherein, a(t) is the three-way synthetic acceleration, expressed in g, g = 9.81 m / s 2 , t1 is the moment when the head contacts the shock wave, t2 is the end moment of the contact, with the unit of second, t2 - t1 ≤ 36 ms, and HIC is the head injury assessment result.

10. The strong impact high-fidelity dummy evaluation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of processing the angular velocity data information to obtain a brain injury evaluation result includes: Use the preset brain injury evaluation model to process the angular velocity data information to obtain a brain injury evaluation result; The expression of the preset brain injury evaluation model is: Where BrIC is the brain injury assessment result, w x is the angular velocity data information in the x direction, w y is the angular velocity data information in the y direction, w z is the angular velocity data information in the z direction.

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