Skid-resistant noise-reducing multifunctional road hot melt coating and gradient forming process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-skid and noise-reduction multifunctional road hot melt coating and a gradient forming process thereof, and relates to the technical field of hot melt coatings. Comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 25-28wt% of bio-based resin, 8-12wt% of a noise reduction material, 15-20wt% of nano composite rubber particles and 5-8wt% of internally mixed reflective glass beads. The bio-based resin is used as a base material of the hot melt coating, the superfine bamboo fibers and the polyurethane elastomer are combined to serve as noise reduction materials, and honeycomb-shaped pores with the diameter of 0.1-1 micron exist in the superfine bamboo fibers, so that a coating produced by construction of the hot melt coating has good noise reduction performance; meanwhile, coarse-grade glass beads and fine-grade glass beads are introduced into the material, the coarse-grade glass beads provide basic light reflection, gaps are filled with the fine-grade glass beads to form a compact reflection layer, the coarse-grade glass beads and the fine-grade glass beads synergistically act to enable incident light to generate a composite effect of diffuse reflection and specular reflection, the retroreflection coefficient of the coating is increased by utilizing the effect, the light reflection performance in rainy days is further improved, and the safety is improved; and the hot-melt coating mostly adopts an environment-friendly material, is easy to degrade and is beneficial to environment protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hot-melt coatings, and particularly to an anti-slip and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating and its gradient forming process. Background Technique

[0002] Road hot-melt coatings are a type of special coatings used for road construction and maintenance, having good adhesion, wear resistance, anti-slip properties, and other functions. They are usually used for road markings, traffic isolation facilities, and other road safety management facilities. Road hot-melt coatings are made of thermoplastic polymers as the base material and processed through special processes. During construction, the coatings are heated and melted and applied to the road surface, and then form a solid coating after cooling.

[0003] The hot-melt road marking coating and its preparation method with the patent publication number of CN118165607A. The raw materials for preparing the hot-melt road marking coating include: 5-20 parts of C5 petroleum resin; 0.5-2.5 parts of thermoplastic elastomer rubber particles; 30-85 parts of pigment and filler; 5-35 parts of filler; 0.1-5 parts of solvent. The method includes: obtaining material data; obtaining usage purpose data; analyzing the preparation method based on the material data and the usage purpose data to obtain preparation method data; and controlling the hot-melt road marking coating preparation device to prepare the hot-melt road marking coating according to the preparation method data. The preparation method of the hot-melt road marking coating provided in this application can improve the problem that the preparation method is too single and fixed, resulting in the hot-melt road marking coating prepared not meeting the needs of users.

[0004] Most of the existing road hot-melt coatings use petroleum resin as the coating base material. Using petroleum resin as the coating base material has the disadvantages of being difficult to degrade and not being conducive to environmental protection. Petroleum resin contains unreacted monomers and is prone to releasing pungent odors at high temperatures, which is particularly significant in enclosed scenarios such as tunnels and underground parking lots. Moreover, the above materials also have the disadvantage of poor noise reduction effect. Therefore, in scenarios that require noise reduction such as highways and urban viaducts, it is not easy to reduce noise pollution, and the overall hot-melt coating is not conducive to environmental protection. Thus, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-slip and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating and its gradient forming process to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multifunctional anti-slip and noise-reducing road hot-melt coating, which includes 25-28 wt% of bio-based resin, 8-12 wt% of noise-reducing material, 15-20 wt% of nano-composite rubber particles, 5-8 wt% of recycled nylon fibers, 8-18-25 wt% of organic filler, 8-12 wt% of modified polymer, 5-8 wt% of bio-based plasticizer, 5-8 wt% of internally mixed reflective glass beads, and 4-8 wt% of auxiliary materials.

[0007] Furthermore, the organic filler includes diatomite, quartz sand, and silicon carbide in a mass fraction ratio of (3-4):(2-3):(1-2), and the auxiliary materials include an organic metal catalyst, polyethylene wax, and composite nano-zinc oxide in a mass fraction ratio of (1-3):(0.5-1):(2-3).

[0008] Furthermore, the noise-reducing material includes ultrafine bamboo fibers and polyurethane elastomer in a mass fraction ratio of (1.5-2):(1-1.5). The diameter and length of the ultrafine bamboo fibers are 1-5 μm and 50-200 μm respectively. There are honeycomb-shaped pores with a diameter of 0.1-1 μm inside the ultrafine bamboo fibers, and the porosity of the honeycomb-shaped pores is 60%-80%. The ultrafine bamboo fibers are bamboo fibers modified with a silane coupling agent.

[0009] Furthermore, the internally mixed reflective glass beads are divided into coarse glass beads with a diameter of 200-450 μm and having pits on the surface and fine glass beads with a diameter of 50-150 μm and having pits on the surface. The mass fraction ratio of the coarse glass beads to the fine glass beads is (2-3):(1-2).

[0010] The gradient forming process of the multifunctional anti-slip and noise-reducing road hot-melt coating uses the above-mentioned multifunctional anti-slip and noise-reducing road hot-melt coating, and this process includes the following steps:

[0011] S1: Stratification determination: Stratification includes a bottom layer, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer. Set an auxiliary liquid to be used with the hot-melt coating for layered construction and forming of the bottom layer, intermediate layer, and surface layer;

[0012] S2: Auxiliary liquid determination: The auxiliary liquid includes a bottom layer auxiliary liquid for improving adhesion, an intermediate layer auxiliary liquid for reducing the interlayer friction coefficient, and a surface layer auxiliary liquid for enhancing the reflectivity persistence;

[0013] S3: Construction pretreatment: Rinse the base surface to remove floating dust and oil;

[0014] S4: Bottom layer construction and detection: Spray the bottom layer auxiliary liquid on the base surface, melt the hot-melt coating, and use a coater to coat the hot-melt coating on the base surface. The coating thickness is 1-1.5 mm, the coating temperature is 180±5°C, and after coating, curing is carried out;

[0015] S5: Construction and inspection of the intermediate layer: Spray the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid on the bottom layer and perform infrared preheating. Melt the hot-melt coating and use a coater to apply the hot-melt coating on the bottom layer. The coating thickness is 1.5 - 2 mm, the coating temperature is 170 ± 3 °C, and curing is carried out after coating.

[0016] S6: Construction and inspection of the surface layer: Spray the surface layer auxiliary liquid on the intermediate layer and perform infrared preheating. Melt the hot-melt coating and use a coater to apply the hot-melt coating on the intermediate layer. The coating thickness is 1 - 1.5 mm, the coating temperature is 160 ± 2 °C, and curing is carried out after coating.

[0017] Furthermore, the bottom layer auxiliary liquid in step S4 is a turpentine diluent including a silane coupling agent with a mass fraction of 5 - 8 wt%, the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid in step S5 is a mineral oil diluent including polytetrafluoroethylene micropowder with a mass fraction of 1 - 2 wt%, and the surface layer auxiliary liquid in step S6 is a propylene oxide diluent including pre-dispersed glass beads with a mass fraction of 10 - 15 wt%.

[0018] Furthermore, the curing in steps S4, S5, and S6 adopts infrared gradient heating. The temperatures of infrared gradient heating are 60 - 65 °C, 80 - 85 °C, and 100 - 105 °C, corresponding to the curing temperatures of the bottom layer in step S4, the intermediate layer in step S5, and the surface layer in step S6 respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom layer auxiliary liquid, the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid, and the surface layer auxiliary liquid are used in combination with a liquid. The mass fraction ratios of the liquid to the bottom layer auxiliary liquid, the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid, and the surface layer auxiliary liquid are all 3:1.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] This anti-slip and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating and its gradient forming process use a bio-based resin as the base material of the hot-melt coating, and combine ultrafine bamboo fibers and polyurethane elastomer as noise-reducing materials. Moreover, there are honeycomb-like pores with a diameter of 0.1 - 1 μm inside the ultrafine bamboo fibers, making the coating produced by the construction of the hot-melt coating have good noise-reducing performance. At the same time, coarse and fine glass beads are introduced into the material. The coarse glass beads provide basic reflectivity, and the fine glass beads fill the gaps to form a dense reflection layer. The two work together to make the incident light undergo a composite effect of diffuse reflection and specular reflection. Using this effect to improve the retroreflective coefficient of the coating, thereby improving the rainy-day light reflection performance and enhancing safety. And the hot-melt coating mostly uses environmentally friendly materials, which are easy to degrade and are beneficial to environmental protection.

[0022] Meanwhile, in the gradient forming process of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating, a layering coating process is adopted in combination with corresponding auxiliary liquids. In the bottom-layer auxiliary liquid, the silane coupling agent forms a chemical bond with the base surface, and turpentine penetrates and fills the micro-cracks to enhance the overall adhesion of the coating. In the middle-layer auxiliary liquid, PTFE micro-powder can reduce the friction coefficient, and the hardness of PTFE and mineral oil act synergistically to enhance wear resistance. In the top-layer auxiliary liquid, glass beads are directionally reflected to increase the reflection coefficient, thereby improving night visibility. Propylene oxide quickly volatilizes to form a micro-rough surface to enhance the anti-slip performance. Through the bottom-layer auxiliary liquid, the middle-layer auxiliary liquid, and the top-layer auxiliary liquid, the effect of extending the overall service life of the coating and improving the overall performance of the coating is achieved. In the gradient forming process, infrared gradient curing is adopted. Infrared radiation directly penetrates the interior of the coating for heating, and the gradient heating rate from the bottom layer to the top layer matches the material properties, which is beneficial to reducing the curing time and curing cost and improving the construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the gradient forming process of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the infrared gradient heating of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] As a raw material for road markings, road hot-melt coatings are used in road scenes where noise reduction is required, such as highways and urban viaducts. At this time, the noise reduction performance of the coating formed by road hot-melt coatings will be tested. In the prior art, petroleum resin is mostly used as the coating base material. Petroleum resin has a low cost, but its disadvantages are also obvious. In the above-mentioned scenarios, hot-melt coatings using petroleum resin as a base material have the disadvantages of poor noise reduction performance and environmental protection, which will affect the service life of road markings and increase the cost of use in a disguised manner to a certain extent. Anti-skid and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coatings are a specially designed material designed to improve road safety, reduce traffic noise, and improve driving comfort. Anti-skid and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coatings are coatings composed of a bio-based resin as a base material and other specific materials. This coating is in a flowing state after heating and can be easily applied to the road surface. After cooling, a strong and multifunctional coating is formed. During the coating construction process, a layered construction process is adopted. Different auxiliary liquids are added to the coating to improve the key effects of different layers, so as to achieve the effect of extending the coating service life while ensuring road safety, reducing traffic noise and improving form speed, and to a certain extent reduce costs.

[0031] The invention discloses an anti-skid and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating, comprising 25-28wt% of a bio-based resin, 8-12wt% of a noise-reducing material, 15-20wt% of nano-composite rubber particles, 5-8wt% of regenerated nylon fibers, 18-25wt% of an organic filler, 8-12wt% of a modified polymer, 5-8wt% of a bio-based plasticizer, 5-8wt% of an internally mixed reflective glass bead, and 4-8wt% of an auxiliary material, wherein the organic filler comprises diatomaceous earth, quartz sand, and silicon carbide in a mass fraction ratio of (3-4): (2-3): (1-2), and the auxiliary material comprises an organic metal catalyst, polyethylene wax, and a composite in a mass fraction ratio of (1-3): (0.5-1): (2-3). The noise reduction material comprises ultrafine bamboo fiber and polyurethane elastomer in a mass fraction ratio of (1.5-2): (1-1.5), the diameter and length of the ultrafine bamboo fiber are 1-5 μm and 50-200 μm respectively, there are honeycomb pores with a diameter of 0.1-1 μm inside the ultrafine bamboo fiber, the porosity of the honeycomb pores is 60%-80%, the ultrafine bamboo fiber is bamboo fiber modified by a silane coupling agent, and the internally mixed reflective glass beads are divided into coarse glass columns with a diameter of 200-450 μm and pits on the surface and fine glass columns with a diameter of 50-150 μm and pits on the surface, the mass fraction ratio of the coarse glass columns and the fine glass columns is (2-3): (1-2).

[0032] It should be noted that bio-based resins can be epoxy soybean oil acrylate, rosin glyceride, and cashew phenolic resin, etc., to reduce carbon emissions. Modified polymers can be maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, acrylate modified polyurethane, and silicone modified epoxy resin, etc. Organometallic catalysts can be microencapsulated stannous octoate, zirconium acetylacetonate, and rare earth lanthanum complexes, etc. Bio-based plasticizers can be tributyl acetylcitrate, epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, and hydrogenated cashew phenol glycidyl ether, etc. The raw materials specifically selected must ensure that they do not repel each other. Through the unique design of the noise reduction material, the noise reduction effect can be improved. Fibers with a diameter of 1 - 5μm and pores with a size of 0.1 - 1μm form a multi-level sound absorption structure. A porosity of 60 - 80% can cause the noise to be reflected and attenuated multiple times within the honeycomb. The fiber length optimizes the stress transfer and forms a three-dimensional network with the polyurethane elastomer, enhancing the crack resistance of the coating. The pore structure reduces the fiber density, and combined with the polyurethane elastomer, the coating density can be lower than that of the traditional system, enhancing lightweight while improving the noise reduction level. Coarse glass beads provide basic reflectivity, and fine glass beads fill the gaps to form a dense reflective layer. The synergistic effect of the two makes the incident light undergo a combined effect of diffuse reflection (coarse level) and specular reflection (fine level), improving the rain-day reflectivity retention rate and enhancing safety. The surface of bamboo fibers is treated with a silane coupling agent to enhance their interfacial bonding force with polyurethane and reduce the damage to the pore structure during the melting process. At the same time, in order to further improve the noise reduction effect, ultra-fine bamboo fibers with different diameters and lengths can be selected in the noise reduction material, that is, fibers with different diameters are doped (such as a mixture of 1μm and 5μm) to broaden the sound wave absorption frequency band. The surface of the glass beads is slightly corroded with hydrofluoric acid to form micron-scale pits (depth 1 - 3μm) to enhance the interfacial shear strength of the glass beads.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] The production process of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating uses the raw materials of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating, including 25wt% bio-based resin, 8wt% noise reduction material, 15wt% nano-composite rubber particles, 5wt% recycled nylon fibers, 24wt% organic filler, 8wt% modified polymer, 5wt% bio-based plasticizer, 5wt% internal mixing reflective glass beads, and 5wt% auxiliary materials by mass fraction. The organic filler includes diatomite, quartz sand, and silicon carbide in a mass fraction ratio of 3:2:1. The auxiliary materials include an organometallic catalyst, polyethylene wax, and composite nano-zinc oxide in a mass fraction ratio of 1:0.5:2. The noise reduction material includes ultra-fine bamboo fibers and polyurethane elastomer in a mass fraction ratio of 1.5:1. The diameter and length of the ultra-fine bamboo fibers are 1μm and 50μm respectively. There are honeycomb-shaped pores with a diameter of 0.1μm inside the ultra-fine bamboo fibers. The porosity of the honeycomb-shaped pores is 60%. The diameter of the coarse glass columns is 300μm, the diameter of the fine glass columns is 100μm, and the pit depth is 2μm. As Figure 3 shown, this process includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Material preparation. Mix diatomite, quartz sand, and silicon carbide evenly to obtain an organic filler. Mix an organometallic catalyst, polyethylene wax, and composite nano-zinc oxide evenly to obtain an auxiliary material. Mix ultrafine bamboo fibers and polyurethane elastomer to obtain a noise reduction material;

[0036] Step 2: Premixing of materials. Add the bio-based resin into a reaction kettle, heat the reaction kettle, and the heating temperature is 120 °C to make the bio-based resin reach a certain fluidity. Slowly add the noise reduction material, nano-composite rubber particles, recycled nylon fibers, and organic filler in sequence. During the addition process, use a stirring device to stir at a speed of 150 revolutions per minute to preliminarily mix various materials evenly;

[0037] Step 3: Add a bio-based plasticizer and a modified polymer into the reaction kettle, increase the stirring speed to 250 revolutions per minute, and at the same time raise the temperature of the reaction kettle to 150 °C to ensure full reaction and mixing of the materials. Reduce the stirring speed to 150 revolutions per minute, slowly add internally mixed reflective glass beads to make the reflective glass beads evenly dispersed in the coating system, and finally add the auxiliary material and continue stirring;

[0038] Step 4: Pour into a mold. When the stirring is completed and the coating reaches a uniform and stable state, stop heating and stirring. Discharge the hot-melt coating in the reaction kettle through the discharge port, filter to remove possible impurities and agglomerates, and load the filtered coating into the mold to complete the production of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] The production process of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating uses the raw materials of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating, including 25wt% bio-based resin, 8wt% noise reduction material, 15wt% nano-composite rubber particles, 5wt% recycled nylon fibers, 24wt% organic filler, 8wt% modified polymer, 5wt% bio-based plasticizer, 5wt% internally mixed reflective glass beads, and 5wt% auxiliary material. The organic filler includes diatomite, quartz sand, and silicon carbide with a mass fraction ratio of 3.5:2.5:1.5. The auxiliary material includes an organometallic catalyst, polyethylene wax, and composite nano-zinc oxide with a mass fraction ratio of 1.5:1:2.5. The noise reduction material includes ultrafine bamboo fibers and polyurethane elastomer with a mass fraction ratio of 2:1.5. The diameter and length of the ultrafine bamboo fibers are 5μm and 200μm respectively. There are honeycomb-shaped pores with a diameter of 1μm inside the ultrafine bamboo fibers, and the porosity of the honeycomb-shaped pores is 80%. The diameter of the coarse-grade glass column is 300μm, the diameter of the fine-grade glass column is 100μm, and the pit depth is 2μm. As Figure 4 shown, this process includes the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Material preparation. Mix diatomite, quartz sand and silicon carbide evenly to obtain an organic filler. Mix an organometallic catalyst, polyethylene wax and composite nano-zinc oxide evenly to obtain an auxiliary material. Obtain a noise reduction material from ultrafine bamboo fibers and polyurethane elastomer;

[0042] Step 2: Premixing of materials. Add the bio-based resin into a reaction kettle, heat the reaction kettle, with the heating temperature being 120 °C, to make the bio-based resin reach a certain fluidity. Slowly add the noise reduction material, nano-composite rubber particles, internally mixed reflective glass beads, recycled nylon fibers and organic filler in sequence. During the adding process, use a stirring device to stir at a speed of 150 revolutions per minute to preliminarily mix various materials evenly;

[0043] Step 3: Add a bio-based plasticizer and a modified polymer into the reaction kettle, increase the stirring speed to 250 revolutions per minute, and at the same time raise the temperature of the reaction kettle to 160 °C to ensure that the materials react and mix fully. Reduce the stirring speed to 150 revolutions per minute, add the auxiliary material, and continue stirring;

[0044] Step 4: Pour into a mold. When the stirring is completed and the coating reaches a uniform and stable state, stop heating and stirring. Discharge the hot-melt coating in the reaction kettle through the discharge port, filter to remove possible impurities and agglomerates, and load the filtered coating into the mold to complete the production of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating.

[0045] Example 3:

[0046] The production process of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating uses the raw materials of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating, including 25wt% bio-based resin, 12wt% noise reduction material, 15wt% nano-composite rubber particles, 5wt% recycled nylon fibers, 20wt% organic filler, 8wt% modified polymer, 5wt% bio-based plasticizer, 5wt% internally mixed reflective glass beads and 5wt% auxiliary material by mass fraction. The organic filler includes diatomite, quartz sand and silicon carbide with a mass fraction ratio of 3.4:2.5:1.2. The auxiliary material includes an organometallic catalyst, polyethylene wax and composite nano-zinc oxide with a mass fraction ratio of 2:1:3. The noise reduction material includes ultrafine bamboo fibers and polyurethane elastomer with a mass fraction ratio of 1.8:1. The diameter and length of the ultrafine bamboo fibers are 1μm and 50μm respectively. There are honeycomb-shaped pores with a diameter of 0.1μm inside the ultrafine bamboo fibers, and the porosity of the honeycomb-shaped pores is 60%. The diameter of the coarse glass column is 300μm, the diameter of the fine glass column is 100μm, and the pit depth is 2μm. As Figure 5 shown, this process includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: material preparation, diatomaceous earth, quartz sand and silicon carbide are mixed evenly to obtain organic filler, organic metal catalyst, polyethylene wax and composite nano zinc oxide are mixed evenly to obtain auxiliary material, ultrafine bamboo fiber and polyurethane elastomer are mixed to obtain noise reduction material;

[0048] Step 2: Premixing of materials: Add the bio-based resin into the reactor, heat the reactor at 120°C, make the bio-based resin reach a certain fluidity, slowly add the noise reduction material, nano-composite rubber particles, regenerated nylon fiber and organic filler in sequence, and use a stirring device to stir at a speed of 200 rpm during the addition process to make the various materials preliminarily mixed evenly;

[0049] Step 3: Add bio-based plasticizer and modified polymer to the reactor, increase the stirring speed to 300 rpm, and raise the temperature of the reactor to 160 °C to ensure that the materials are fully reacted and mixed. Reduce the stirring speed to 200 rpm, slowly add the internal mixing reflective glass beads, and evenly disperse the reflective glass beads in the coating system. Finally, add the auxiliary materials and continue stirring.

[0050] Step 4: Pour into the mold: When the stirring is completed and the coating reaches a uniform and stable state, stop heating and stirring, release the hot melt coating in the reactor through the discharge port, filter to remove possible impurities and agglomerates, and load the filtered coating into the mold to complete the production of anti-skid and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot melt coating.

[0051] Embodiment 4:

[0052] The production process of anti-skid and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating uses raw materials of anti-skid and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating, including 25wt% bio-based resin, 12wt% noise reduction material, 15wt% nano-composite rubber particles, 5wt% recycled nylon fiber, 20wt% organic filler, 8wt% modified polymer, 5wt% bio-based plasticizer, 5wt% internally mixed reflective glass beads and 5wt% auxiliary materials. The organic filler includes diatomaceous earth and quartz in a mass fraction ratio of 3.5:2:1.5. The auxiliary materials include an organic metal catalyst, polyethylene wax and composite nano zinc oxide in a mass fraction ratio of 3:1:2; the noise reduction material includes ultrafine bamboo fiber and polyurethane elastomer in a mass fraction ratio of 2:1; the diameter and length of the ultrafine bamboo fiber are 5 μm and 200 μm respectively; there are honeycomb pores with a diameter of 1 μm inside the ultrafine bamboo fiber; the porosity of the honeycomb pores is 80%; the diameter of the coarse glass column is 300 μm; the diameter of the fine glass column is 100 μm; the depth of the pit is 2 μm; Figure 6 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Material preparation. Mix diatomite, quartz sand, and silicon carbide evenly to obtain an organic filler. Mix an organometallic catalyst, polyethylene wax, and composite nano-zinc oxide evenly to obtain an auxiliary material. Obtain a noise reduction material from ultrafine bamboo fiber and polyurethane elastomer.

[0054] Step 2: Material premixing. Add the bio-based resin into a reaction kettle, heat the reaction kettle, with the heating temperature being 120 °C to make the bio-based resin reach a certain fluidity. Slowly add the noise reduction material, nano-composite rubber particles, internal mixing reflective glass beads, recycled nylon fiber, and organic filler in sequence. During the addition process, use a stirring device to stir at a speed of 200 revolutions per minute to preliminarily mix all materials evenly.

[0055] Step 3: Add a bio-based plasticizer and a modified polymer into the reaction kettle, increase the stirring speed to 300 revolutions per minute, and at the same time raise the temperature of the reaction kettle to 160 °C to ensure sufficient reaction and mixing of the materials. Lower the stirring speed to 200 revolutions per minute, add the auxiliary material, and continue stirring.

[0056] Step 4: Pour into a mold. When the stirring is completed and the coating reaches a uniform and stable state, stop heating and stirring. Discharge the hot-melt coating in the reaction kettle through the discharge port, filter to remove possible impurities and agglomerates, and load the filtered coating into the mold to complete the production of the anti-slip and noise reduction multi-functional road hot-melt coating.

[0057] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the gradient forming process of the anti-slip and noise reduction multi-functional road hot-melt coating, which includes the following steps:

[0058] S1: Layer determination. The layering includes a bottom layer, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer. Set the auxiliary liquid to cooperate with the hot-melt coating for layered construction and forming of the bottom layer, intermediate layer, and surface layer.

[0059] S2: Auxiliary liquid determination. The auxiliary liquid includes a bottom layer auxiliary liquid for improving adhesion, an intermediate layer auxiliary liquid for reducing the interlayer friction coefficient, and a surface layer auxiliary liquid for enhancing the reflectivity persistence.

[0060] S3: Construction pretreatment. Rinse the base surface to remove floating dust and oil stains.

[0061] S4: Bottom layer construction and detection. Spray the bottom layer auxiliary liquid on the base surface, melt the hot-melt coating and use a coater to coat the hot-melt coating on the base surface, with the coating thickness being 1 - 1.5 mm and the coating temperature being 180 ± 5 °C. After coating, carry out curing.

[0062] S5: Intermediate layer construction and inspection: Spray the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid on the bottom layer and perform infrared preheating. Melt the hot melt coating and use a coater to apply the hot melt coating on the bottom layer. The coating thickness is 1.5 - 2 mm, the coating temperature is 170 ± 3 °C, and cure after coating is completed.

[0063] S6: Top layer construction and inspection: Spray the top layer auxiliary liquid on the intermediate layer and perform infrared preheating. Melt the hot melt coating and use a coater to apply the hot melt coating on the intermediate layer. The coating thickness is 1 - 1.5 mm, the coating temperature is 160 ± 2 °C, and cure after coating is completed.

[0064] The bottom layer auxiliary liquid in step S4 is a turpentine dilution solution containing a silane coupling agent with a mass fraction of 5 - 8 wt%. The intermediate layer auxiliary liquid in step S5 is a mineral oil dilution solution containing PTFE micropowder with a mass fraction of 1 - 2 wt%. The top layer auxiliary liquid in step S6 is a propylene oxide dilution solution containing pre-dispersed glass beads with a mass fraction of 10 - 15 wt%.

[0065] It should be noted that in the bottom layer auxiliary liquid, the silane coupling agent forms a chemical bond with the base surface, and the turpentine penetrates and fills the microcracks to improve the overall adhesion and freeze-thaw resistance of the coating and reduce the water absorption rate of the base surface. In the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid, the PTFE micropowder reduces the friction coefficient, and combined with the noise reduction material, it can improve the noise reduction performance. The hardness of PTFE and the mineral oil act synergistically to improve the wear resistance, resistance to acid rain and deicing agent corrosion. In the top layer auxiliary liquid, the glass beads are directionally reflected to increase the reflection coefficient, thereby improving the night visibility. The propylene oxide quickly volatilizes to form a slightly rough surface, improving the wet skid resistance coefficient and ultraviolet absorption rate. Through the bottom layer auxiliary liquid, intermediate layer auxiliary liquid and top layer auxiliary liquid, the effect of extending the overall service life of the coating and improving the overall performance of the coating is achieved. Figure 1 The gap between the base surface and the bottom layer indicates that the bottom layer auxiliary liquid is sprayed. The gap between the bottom layer and the intermediate layer indicates that the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid is sprayed. The gap between the intermediate layer and the top layer indicates that the top layer auxiliary liquid is sprayed.

[0066] The curing in steps S4, S5 and S6 adopts infrared gradient heating. The temperatures of the infrared gradient heating are 60 - 65 °C, 80 - 85 °C and 100 - 105 °C, corresponding to the curing temperatures of the bottom layer in step S4, the intermediate layer in step S5 and the top layer in step S6 respectively.

[0067] It should be noted that infrared radiation directly penetrates the coating for internal heating (non-contact). The gradient heating rate from the bottom layer to the surface layer matches the material properties, which is beneficial to reducing the curing time and cost, and improving the construction efficiency. During the specific curing process, short-wave infrared (1.1 - 1.4 μm) is used for the high-temperature section of the surface layer, medium-wave infrared (2 - 4 μm) is suitable for the intermediate layer, and long-wave infrared (>4 μm) is used to treat the bottom layer. The gradient temperature avoids bubbles / pinholes caused by solvent residues. The low temperature of the bottom layer prevents the violent volatilization of turpentine, the medium temperature of the intermediate layer ensures the uniform dispersion of mineral oil, and the high temperature of the surface layer accelerates the detachment of propylene oxide.

[0068] The bottom layer auxiliary liquid, intermediate layer auxiliary liquid, and surface layer auxiliary liquid are used in combination with a liquid. The mass fraction ratio of the liquid to the bottom layer auxiliary liquid, intermediate layer auxiliary liquid, and surface layer auxiliary liquid is all 3:1.

[0069] It should be noted that whether to mix with a liquid to dilute the auxiliary liquid is determined according to the actual usage situation. Diluting the auxiliary liquid can reduce costs while sacrificing some enhanced performance.

[0070] Example Five:

[0071] Such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the finished product of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating produced by Examples 1 to 4 is constructed on a 20 cm × 80 cm base surface using the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating gradient forming process to produce a coating. This process includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Construction base surface treatment: Wash the base surface with a high-pressure water gun at a pressure of 20 MPa until the floating dust and oil stains are removed.

[0073] Step 2: Bottom layer construction: Spray the bottom layer auxiliary liquid on the base surface. The spraying amount of the bottom layer auxiliary liquid is 0.1 kg / m². After the spraying of the bottom layer auxiliary liquid is completed, let it stand for 10 minutes. After heating the finished hot-melt coating to the molten state, directly apply it to the base surface that has been sprayed with the bottom layer auxiliary liquid. The spraying thickness is 1 mm. After spraying, cure it by infrared heating at 65 °C.

[0074] Step 3: Intermediate layer construction: Spray the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid on the bottom layer. The spraying amount of the auxiliary liquid is 0.2 kg / m². After the spraying of the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid is completed, let it stand for 10 minutes. After heating the finished hot-melt coating to the molten state, directly apply it to the base surface that has been sprayed with the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid. The spraying thickness is 1.5 mm. After spraying, cure it by infrared heating at 80 °C.

[0075] Step 4: Surface layer construction: Spray the surface layer auxiliary liquid on the intermediate layer. The spraying amount of the auxiliary liquid is 0.12 kg / m². After the spraying of the surface layer auxiliary liquid is completed, let it stand for 10 minutes. Heat the finished hot-melt coating to the molten state and then directly coat it on the base surface where the surface layer auxiliary liquid has been sprayed. The spraying thickness is 1 mm. After spraying, cure it by infrared heating at 100 °C to complete the construction and generate a coating.

[0076] Comparative example:

[0077] Use a hot-melt coating layer with the same size and thickness as the base surface coating formed in Examples 1 to 4 and the combined Example 5 as the comparative example. The comparative example uses a hot-melt coating produced with raw materials of 20 wt% C5 petroleum resin, 2 wt% thermoplastic elastomer rubber particles, 44.9 wt% iron oxide, 30 wt% calcium carbonate, 3 wt% hardening agent, and 0.1 wt% white oil. The method of constructing the coating is to heat and melt the hot-melt coating and then directly spray it out on the base surface through a spraying machine to form a coating.

[0078] The bio-based resin in the above examples is epoxy soybean oil acrylate, the modified polymer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and the organometallic catalyst is microencapsulated stannous octoate. For the mixing operation in the above examples, a stirring device can be used for stirring. The specific stirring time is determined according to the weight of the substances. The stirring time for each kilogram of material is 1 - 2 minutes.

[0079] To verify that the coating obtained in this application has improved noise reduction performance compared to traditional coatings, the coatings formed by the combination of Examples 1 to 4 and Example 5 and the coatings formed by the materials in the comparative example are tested for noise reduction performance. In this test, the reverberation chamber - anechoic chamber method is used for noise reduction performance testing. The coatings participating in the test in Examples 1 to 4 combined with Example 5 and the comparative example are tested for noise reduction performance at different temperatures.

[0080] During the sampling stage before the test starts, samples are taken from the finished products or pure epoxy resins obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example respectively. Three formed coatings are obtained respectively, and the samples are numbered. The formed materials obtained in Example 1 are recorded as 1-1, 1-2, 1-3; the formed materials obtained in Example 2 are recorded as 2-1, 2-2, 2-3; the formed materials obtained in Example 3 are recorded as 3-1, 3-2, 3-3; the formed materials obtained in Example 4 are recorded as 4-1, 4-2, 4-3; the formed materials obtained in the comparative example are recorded as 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, as shown in Table 1. Due to equipment and operation errors, there are slight differences in the thermal conductivity results of the same material, which is within the normal range. During the test, it is necessary to strictly abide by the usage specifications of the equipment to reduce the errors. The specific test steps will vary according to different equipment, so no detailed description will be given.

[0081] Table 1

[0082] Number Sample Name Test Temperature / °C Sound Absorption Coefficient / 1kHz Sound Insulation / dB 1 Sample 1-1 -20.5 0.45 24.2 2 Sample 1-2 -19.8 0.44 24.1 3 Sample 1-3 -20.4 0.45 24.3 4 Sample 2-1 -20.3 0.46 24.4 5 Sample 2-2 -20.2 0.48 24.8 6 Sample 2-3 -20.8 0.47 24.6 7 Sample 3-1 -19.5 0.49 24.9 8 Sample 3-2 -19.1 0.51 25.5 9 Sample 3-3 -20.2 0.50 25.3 10 Sample 4-1 -20.1 0.53 25.8 11 Sample 4-2 -20.4 0.53 25.7 12 Sample 4-3 -20.5 0.52 25.6 13 Sample 5-1 -20.3 0.25 18.1 14 Sample 5-2 -20.2 0.27 18.5 15 Sample 5-3 -19.7 0.28 18.7

[0083] As can be seen from Table 1, after the coatings obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example were kept at a constant temperature of -20 ± 1 °C for 2 hours, the noise reduction performance test was carried out. Among the three coatings in Examples 1 to 4 that contained noise reduction materials, the sound absorption coefficient and sound insulation amount had higher values. For the coating in the comparative example that did not have noise reduction materials, the sound absorption coefficient and sound insulation amount had lower values. It was found through experiments that the technical solution provided by this application had a certain improvement in noise reduction performance.

[0084] Table 2

[0085] Number Sample Name Test Temperature / °C Sound Absorption Coefficient / 1kHz Sound Insulation / dB 1 Sample 1-1 25.2 0.61 32.4 2 Sample 1-2 25.3 0.62 32.5 3 Sample 1-3 25.5 0.62 32.6 4 Sample 2-1 25.1 0.64 32.8 5 Sample 2-2 24.7 0.63 32.9 6 Sample 2-3 25.1 0.64 32.7 7 Sample 3-1 25.2 0.65 33.2 8 Sample 3-2 24.7 0.66 33.4 9 Sample 3-3 25.1 0.65 33.5 10 Sample 4-1 24.7 0.67 33.6 11 Sample 4-2 26.1 0.68 33.7 12 Sample 4-3 25.5 0.68 33.8 13 Sample 5-1 25.2 0.39 22.1 14 Sample 5-2 25.3 0.38 22.5 15 Sample 5-3 24.8 0.34 21.7

[0086] As can be seen from Table 2, after the coatings obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example were kept at a constant temperature of 25 ± 1 °C for 2 hours, the noise reduction performance test was carried out. Among the three coatings in Examples 1 to 4 that contained noise reduction materials, the sound absorption coefficient and sound insulation amount had higher values. For the coating in the comparative example that did not have noise reduction materials, the sound absorption coefficient and sound insulation amount had lower values. It was found through experiments that the technical solution provided by this application had a certain improvement in noise reduction performance.

[0087] Table 3

[0088] Number Sample Name Test Temperature / °C Sound Absorption Coefficient / 1kHz Sound Insulation / dB 1 Sample 1-1 60.2 0.51 27.1 2 Sample 1-2 60.3 0.52 27.2 3 Sample 1-3 60.5 0.50 27.4 4 Sample 2-1 60.1 0.53 27.7 5 Sample 2-2 60.7 0.54 27.6 6 Sample 2-3 59.1 0.55 27.8 7 Sample 3-1 60.2 0.56 27.9 8 Sample 3-2 60.7 0.57 28.1 9 Sample 3-3 59.1 0.56 28.2 10 Sample 4-1 59.7 0.58 28.5 11 Sample 4-2 59.3 0.59 28.4 12 Sample 4-3 59.5 0.58 28.6 13 Sample 5-1 59.2 0.32 22.1 14 Sample 5-2 60.3 0.31 22.5 15 Sample 5-3 60.8 0.33 21.7

[0089] As can be seen from Table 3, after the coatings obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example were kept at a constant temperature of 60 ± 1 °C for 2 hours, the noise reduction performance test was carried out. Among the three coatings in Examples 1 to 4 that contained noise reduction materials, the sound absorption coefficient and sound insulation amount had higher values. For the coating in the comparative example that did not have noise reduction materials, the sound absorption coefficient and sound insulation amount had lower values. It was found through experiments that the technical solution provided by this application had a certain improvement in noise reduction performance.

[0090] As can be seen from Tables 1 to 3 above, the sound absorption coefficient and sound insulation quantity of the road hot-melt coating provided by this application are superior to those of the road hot-melt coating in the comparative example under different temperature environments, and there are obvious differences. It can be known from this that the technical solution provided by this application has a certain improvement in noise reduction performance. The bio-based resin in the above embodiments is epoxy soybean oil acrylate. Although the bio-based resin used this time is epoxy soybean oil acrylate, a strong noise reduction effect can still be obtained. If other bio-based resin materials with noise reduction effects are used, the noise reduction performance of the prepared coating will be improved, which is specifically determined according to different bio-based resin materials. According to different production requirements and cost control, epoxy soybean oil acrylate may not be the best production choice, but in terms of the noise reduction effect of the finished product, its effect is better. The above embodiments are all prepared in the laboratory, and the cost assessment and determination of mass production require a long time for adjustment.

[0091] To verify that the coatings obtained in this application have improvements in wear resistance, anti-slip performance, and reflective performance compared to traditional coatings, the coatings formed by the materials of Examples 1 to 4 in combination with Example 5 and the coatings formed by the materials in the comparative example were tested for wear resistance, anti-slip performance, and reflective performance. This time, the Taber rotational friction test was used for the wear resistance test. The Taber rotational friction test used a Taber abrasion tester with parameters: 1000 g load, CS-10 rubber wheel, 200 revolutions / sample, and the mass loss was recorded. This time, the pendulum friction coefficient test was used for the anti-slip performance test. The pendulum friction coefficient test used a pendulum friction tester (calibration temperature 23 ± 2 °C 9) with parameters: measuring the dynamic friction coefficient (BPN value), and taking the average value of 3 points for each sample. This time, the retroreflective coefficient test was used for the reflective performance test. The retroreflective tester (ASTM E17101) with parameters: incident angle 30°, observation angle 0.2°, and the retroreflective coefficient mcd·lx⁻¹·m⁻² was recorded. The coatings participating in the tests in Examples 1 to 4 in combination with Example 5 and the comparative example were tested for wear resistance, anti-slip performance, and reflective performance under standard temperature and standard humidity conditions.

[0092] Before the start of the test in the sampling stage, samples were taken from the finished products or pure epoxy resins obtained from Example 1 to Example 4 and the comparative example respectively, and three formed coatings were obtained respectively. The samples were numbered respectively. The formed materials obtained in Example 1 were recorded as 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3; the formed materials obtained in Example 2 were recorded as 2-1, 2-2, and 2-3; the formed materials obtained in Example 3 were recorded as 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3; the formed materials obtained in Example 4 were recorded as 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3; the formed materials obtained in the comparative example were recorded as 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3. As shown in Table 1, due to equipment and operation errors, there are slight differences in the thermal conductivity results of the same material, which is within the normal range. During the test, it is necessary to strictly abide by the usage specifications of the equipment to reduce the errors. The specific test steps will vary according to different equipment, so no detailed description will be given.

[0093] Table 4

[0094] Number Sample Name Mass Loss / mg Dynamic Friction Coefficient / BPN Retroreflection Coefficient / mcd·lx⁻¹·m⁻² 1 Sample 1-1 51 0.65 176.2 2 Sample 1-2 52 0.64 176.1 3 Sample 1-3 51 0.63 176.3 4 Sample 2-1 51 0.67 177.4 5 Sample 2-2 53 0.66 176.8 6 Sample 2-3 54 0.68 176.9 7 Sample 3-1 57 0.69 177.5 8 Sample 3-2 58 0.70 177.8 9 Sample 3-3 57 0.71 177.9 10 Sample 4-1 58 0.72 178.4 11 Sample 4-2 55 0.72 178.1 12 Sample 4-3 59 0.73 178.3 13 Sample 5-1 73 0.48 162.2 14 Sample 5-2 75 0.50 163.2 15 Sample 5-3 76 0.51 161.5

[0095] As can be seen from Table 4, the coatings participating in the test in Example 1 to Example 4 in combination with Example 5 and the comparative example were subjected to wear resistance test, anti-slip performance test, and retroreflective performance test under standard temperature and standard humidity conditions. The low valley values of the mass loss, dynamic friction coefficient, and retroreflective coefficient of the three coatings in Example 1 to Example 4 are all due to the corresponding values of the three coatings in the comparative example. Experiments show that the technical solution provided by this application has a certain improvement in wear resistance, anti-slip performance, and retroreflective performance.

[0096] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating, characterized in that: It includes bio-based resin with a mass fraction of 25 - 28wt%, noise reduction material with a mass fraction of 8 - 12wt%, nano-composite rubber particles with a mass fraction of 15 - 20wt%, recycled nylon fibers with a mass fraction of 5 - 8wt%, organic filler with a mass fraction of 8 - 18 - 25wt%, modified polymer with a mass fraction of 8 - 12wt%, bio-based plasticizer with a mass fraction of 5 - 8wt%, internal mixed reflective glass beads with a mass fraction of 5 - 8wt%, and auxiliary materials with a mass fraction of 4 - 8wt%.

2. The anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic filler includes diatomite, quartz sand, and silicon carbide with a mass fraction ratio of (3 - 4):(2 - 3):(1 - 2), and the auxiliary materials include organometallic catalyst, polyethylene wax, and composite nano-zinc oxide with a mass fraction ratio of (1 - 3):(0.5 - 1):(2 - 3).

3. The anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating according to claim 1, wherein: The noise reduction material includes ultrafine bamboo fiber and polyurethane elastomer with a mass fraction ratio of (1.5 - 2):(1 - 1.5). The diameter and length of the ultrafine bamboo fiber are 1 - 5μm and 50 - 200μm respectively. There are honeycomb-shaped pores with a diameter of 0.1 - 1μm inside the ultrafine bamboo fiber, and the porosity of the honeycomb-shaped pores is 60% - 80%. The ultrafine bamboo fiber is bamboo fiber modified with silane coupling agent.

4. The anti-slip and noise-reducing multifunctional road hot-melt coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal mixed reflective glass beads are divided into coarse glass columns with a diameter of 200 - 450μm and having pits on the surface and fine glass columns with a diameter of 50 - 150μm and having pits on the surface. The mass fraction ratio of the coarse glass columns to the fine glass columns is (2 - 3):(1 - 2).

5. Gradient forming process of anti-skid and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating, characterized in that: The anti-slip and noise reduction multi-functional road hot-melt coating described in any one of claims 1 - 4 is used. This process includes the following steps: S1: Layer determination: Layers include the bottom layer, the middle layer, and the surface layer. Set the auxiliary liquid to be used with the hot-melt coating for layered construction and forming of the bottom layer, the middle layer, and the surface layer; S2: Auxiliary liquid determination: The auxiliary liquid includes a bottom layer auxiliary liquid for improving adhesion, a middle layer auxiliary liquid for reducing the interlayer friction coefficient, and a surface layer auxiliary liquid for enhancing the reflectivity persistence; S3: Construction pretreatment: Rinse the base surface to remove floating dust and oil; S4: Bottom layer construction and detection: Spray the bottom layer auxiliary liquid on the base surface. Melt the hot-melt coating and use a coater to coat the hot-melt coating on the base surface. The coating thickness is 1 - 1.5mm, and the coating temperature is 180 ± 5°C. After coating, carry out curing; S5: Middle layer construction and detection: Spray the middle layer auxiliary liquid on the bottom layer and conduct infrared preheating. Melt the hot-melt coating and use a coater to coat the hot-melt coating on the bottom layer. The coating thickness is 1.5 - 2mm, and the coating temperature is 170 ± 3°C. After coating, carry out curing; S6: Surface layer construction and detection: Spray the surface layer auxiliary liquid on the middle layer and conduct infrared preheating. Melt the hot-melt coating and use a coater to coat the hot-melt coating on the middle layer. The coating thickness is 1 - 1.5mm, and the coating temperature is 160 ± 2°C. After coating, carry out curing.

6. The gradient forming process of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating according to claim 5, characterized in that: The underlying auxiliary liquid in the step S4 is a turpentine dilution solution including a silane coupling agent with a mass fraction of 5-8wt%, the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid in the step S5 is a mineral oil dilution solution including polytetrafluoroethylene micropowder with a mass fraction of 1-2wt%, and the surface layer auxiliary liquid in the step S6 is a propylene oxide dilution solution including pre-dispersed glass beads with a mass fraction of 10-15wt%.

7. The gradient forming process of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating according to claim 5, characterized in that: The curing in the steps S4, S5 and S6 adopts infrared gradient heating, and the temperatures of the infrared gradient heating are 60-65°C, 80-85°C and 100-105°C, corresponding to the curing temperatures of the underlying layer in the step S4, the intermediate layer in the step S5 and the surface layer in the step S6 respectively.

8. The gradient forming process of the anti-slip and noise-reducing multi-functional road hot-melt coating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The underlying auxiliary liquid, the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid and the surface layer auxiliary liquid are used in combination with a liquid, and the mass fraction ratios of the liquid to the underlying auxiliary liquid, the intermediate layer auxiliary liquid and the surface layer auxiliary liquid are all 3:1.

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