Fuel monitoring system suitable for gas turbine and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel monitoring system suitable for a gas turbine and a control method, and relates to the technical field of gas turbines.The control method comprises the steps that a fuel real-time analyzer analyzes fuel components, a fuel heat value, a fuel wobbe index and a flow change condition based on gas information collected by a flowmeter and a plurality of fuel sampling pipelines; the analyzed information is transmitted to the gas turbine control system in real time; and the gas turbine control system performs logical operation processing according to the received information, diagnoses abnormal information, and regulates and controls operation parameters of the gas turbine in real time based on different abnormal information. A plurality of fuel sampling measuring points are arranged on a natural gas pipeline outside a production area, redundant configuration is achieved, fuel components are monitored in real time, the fuel calorific value, the wobbe index and the change of gas content components in fuel are analyzed, the analysis result is transmitted into a gas turbine control system to participate in logical operation, the fuel condition is diagnosed, and the fuel quality is improved. When an abnormal phenomenon occurs, corresponding measures are taken to prevent abnormal tripping of the gas turbine and guarantee normal operation of a power plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, and particularly to a fuel monitoring system and control method applicable to gas turbines. Background Art

[0002] The heavy-duty gas turbine combined cycle power generation technology has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, low pollutant emissions, flexible operation, etc. At present, the installed capacity of gas turbine power generation in China has exceeded 140 million kilowatts, playing an important role in power peak shaving.

[0003] The vast majority of heavy-duty gas turbines use natural gas as fuel, with the main component being methane. After some units are upgraded, they can use fuels such as natural gas / hydrogen mixtures. During the combustion process of the gas turbine, it is very important to ensure the stability of the fuel composition and flow rate. Abnormal fluctuations in fuel composition or fuel flow rate will cause the pressure pulsation of the gas turbine to increase. In severe cases, it will trigger the gas turbine protection mechanism, resulting in abnormal shutdown of the unit. In addition, the increase of components such as ethylene and hydrogen in the fuel can lead to an increase in the flame propagation speed and a shortening of the ignition delay time, making it easy to occur backfire phenomenon. In severe cases, it will damage the hot-end components of the gas turbine. At present, most of the fuel-side measuring points in gas turbine power plants only have the functions of monitoring and displaying, and do not participate in logic control, and some measuring points have significant time lags, such as fuel composition analysis measuring points. Therefore, even if abnormal phenomena are monitored, it is very difficult for the gas turbine system to make corresponding adjustment actions. In addition, gas turbine suppliers have not developed professional combustion adjustment modules for fuel composition changes, and mostly rely on the monitoring data of combustion pressure pulsation. When abnormal phenomena are monitored, almost all take actions such as rapid load reduction or shutdown, and there are deficiencies in the system functions, which is not conducive to the normal and stable operation of gas turbines.

[0004] Based on the above, the present invention provides a fuel monitoring system and control method applicable to gas turbines, which can perform real-time online monitoring on the fuel composition and flow rate inside and outside the power plant, and connect them to the control system to participate in logic processing. When abnormal phenomena are monitored, diagnose the type of abnormality, and make the gas turbine control system take corresponding measures according to the diagnosis results, so as to protect the gas turbine body and related systems to the greatest extent, extend the service life of the hot-end components of the gas turbine, and is of great significance to the normal production and operation of gas turbine power plants. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that most of the fuel-side measuring points in current gas turbine power plants only have the functions of monitoring and displaying, do not participate in logic control, and some measuring points have significant time lags.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A fuel monitoring system applicable to a gas turbine, which includes a gas turbine, a fuel real-time analyzer, a flow meter, and a gas turbine control system; the gas turbine is a fuel consumption end, and several fuel annular pipes are coaxially arranged on the outer periphery, specifically a duty fuel annular pipe and a main combustion fuel annular pipe. The flow meters are provided on the fuel pipelines connected to the duty fuel annular pipe and the main combustion fuel annular pipe, respectively, for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of the fuel entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine; upstream of the duty fuel annular pipe and the main combustion fuel annular pipe is a fuel compartment, and a pressure valve and a flow valve are provided in the fuel compartment, which are used to adjust the pressure and flow rate of the fuel entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, respectively.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the fuel monitoring system applicable to a gas turbine according to the present invention, wherein: upstream of the fuel compartment are a fuel heater and a main fuel pipeline. The fuel heater is provided with a fuel bypass and a temperature control valve for adjusting the fuel temperature. The main fuel pipeline is provided with the flow meter and several fuel sampling pipelines outside the power plant production area, with redundant configuration. The fuel sampling pipelines are connected to the fuel real-time analyzer, and the fuel real-time analyzer is used to real-time monitor and analyze the changes in fuel composition, fuel calorific value, and fuel Wobbe index, and transmit the information to the gas turbine control system in real time.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the fuel monitoring system applicable to a gas turbine according to the present invention, wherein: after receiving the transmitted information, the gas turbine control system performs logical operation processing, diagnoses abnormal information, and adjusts the operating parameters of the gas turbine according to specific abnormal situations to ensure the normal operation of the gas turbine power plant; the gas turbine control system is connected to a display device, the fuel real-time analyzer, the flow meter, the temperature control valve, the pressure valve, and the flow valve.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A fuel monitoring method applicable to a gas turbine, which includes that the fuel real-time analyzer analyzes the fuel composition, fuel calorific value, fuel Wobbe index, and flow rate changes based on the gas information collected by the flow meter and several fuel sampling pipelines, and transmits the analyzed information to the gas turbine control system in real time; the gas turbine control system performs logical operation processing according to the received information, diagnoses abnormal information, and performs real-time regulation of the operating parameters of the gas turbine based on different abnormal information.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the fuel monitoring method applicable to a gas turbine according to the present invention, wherein: the fuel real-time analyzer is located outside the power plant production area, and the length of the main fuel pipeline between the fuel real-time analyzer and the power plant is not less than the shortest allowable distance, and the shortest allowable distance v min The calculation formula is expressed as

[0012] v min = v×(t1 + t2)×α

[0013] Wherein, v represents the average velocity of the fuel propagating in the fuel main pipeline; t1 represents the time required for the fuel real-time analyzer to collect, process, identify, and analyze the fuel components and transmit the information to the gas turbine control system; t2 represents the longest time among the time for the fuel information to be calculated and processed by the gas turbine control system to generate an instruction and for the instruction to be transmitted from the gas turbine control system to each actuator; α represents the control margin coefficient, with a value ranging from 1.1 to 1.5, to ensure that the instruction is transmitted to each actuator of the gas turbine control system earlier than the measured fuel is transmitted to the power plant production area.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the fuel monitoring method for a gas turbine according to the present invention, wherein: the abnormal information includes changes in natural gas components and changes in natural gas flow rate; the changes in natural gas components include changes in natural gas calorific value, changes in natural gas combustion characteristics, and changes in natural gas Wobbe index; the changes in natural gas calorific value include a decrease in natural gas calorific value and an increase in natural gas calorific value; the real-time regulation of the gas turbine operation parameters based on different abnormal information includes that when the natural gas calorific value decreases, the first method is used to adjust the operation components and parameters to continue to maintain the current power generation under the condition of the decrease in natural gas calorific value; when the natural gas calorific value increases, the second method is used to adjust the operation components and parameters to continue to maintain the current power generation under the condition of the increase in natural gas calorific value; the change in natural gas combustion characteristics means that the content of one or more gases in natural gas changes; the real-time regulation of the gas turbine operation parameters based on different abnormal information also includes that when the content of any gas in natural gas exceeds the alarm threshold, the gas turbine control system outputs an instruction to sequentially control and reduce the gas turbine load and shut down normally; when the content of any gas in natural gas exceeds the danger threshold, the gas turbine protection mechanism is triggered.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the fuel monitoring method for a gas turbine according to the present invention, wherein: the change in natural gas Wobbe index includes that when the fuel Wobbe index exceeds the limit value, the gas turbine control system outputs an instruction to sequentially control and reduce the gas turbine load and shut down normally; when the natural gas calorific value, natural gas combustion characteristics, and natural gas Wobbe index change simultaneously, the priority of regulation is that the change in natural gas combustion characteristics is superior to the change in natural gas Wobbe index which is superior to the change in natural gas calorific value.

[0016] As a preferred solution of a fuel monitoring method for a gas turbine according to the present invention, wherein: the change in natural gas flow rate includes a decrease in natural gas flow rate, an increase in natural gas flow rate, and a periodic fluctuation in natural gas flow rate; the real-time regulation of the operating parameters of the gas turbine based on different abnormal information further includes that when the natural gas flow rate decreases, the third method is adopted based on the decreasing rate to maintain the flow rate stability and protect the hot-end components of the gas turbine; when the natural gas flow rate increases, the gas turbine control system outputs an instruction to immediately shut down the gas turbine; when the natural gas flow rate fluctuates periodically, an alarm value and a danger value for the fluctuation range are set. When the current natural gas flow rate fluctuation range is greater than the alarm value or the danger value, the fourth method is adopted to make the current natural gas flow rate fluctuation range within the alarm value range.

[0017] A computer device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of a fuel monitoring system and control method for a gas turbine as described above are implemented.

[0018] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a fuel monitoring system and control method for a gas turbine as described above are implemented.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention sets multiple fuel sampling measuring points on the natural gas pipeline outside the power plant production area, with redundant configuration, to monitor the fuel composition in real time, analyze the changes in fuel calorific value, Wobbe index, and components such as hydrogen and ethylene in the fuel, and transmit the analysis results to the gas turbine control system in real time to participate in logical operations, diagnose the fuel situation, take corresponding measures when abnormal phenomena occur, prevent the gas turbine from tripping abnormally, extend the service life of the hot-end components, and ensure the normal operation of the power plant.

[0020] The present invention sets multiple fuel flow measuring points on the natural gas pipelines inside and outside the power plant production area, which is also a redundant configuration, to monitor the fuel flow rate in real time, and transmit the analysis results to the gas turbine control system in real time to participate in logical operations. When the fuel flow rate shows abnormal conditions, corresponding measures are taken according to the specific abnormal types to ensure the safety and stability of the gas turbine and the normal operation of the power plant to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1It is a structural diagram of a fuel monitoring system applicable to a gas turbine in Embodiment 1.

[0023] Among them, 1 is a gas turbine, 2 is a fuel main pipeline, 3 is a fuel sampling pipeline, 4 is a fuel bypass, 5 is a duty fuel loop pipe, 6 is a main combustion fuel loop pipe, 7 is a fuel real-time analyzer, 8 is a gas turbine control system, 9 is a display device, 10 is a fuel heater, 11 is a temperature control valve, 12 is a fuel room, 13 is a pressure valve, 14 is a flow valve, 15 is a flowmeter, and 16 is a power plant production area. Specific Embodiments

[0024] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0025] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Embodiment 1, referring to Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a fuel monitoring system applicable to a gas turbine, including a gas turbine 1, a fuel real-time analyzer 7, a flowmeter 15, and a gas turbine control system 8, as Figure 1 shown.

[0027] The gas turbine 1 is a fuel consumption end, and several fuel loop pipes are coaxially arranged on the outer periphery, specifically a duty fuel loop pipe 5 and a main combustion fuel loop pipe 6. The flowmeter 15 is provided on the fuel pipelines connected to the duty fuel loop pipe 5 and the main combustion fuel loop pipe 6, for real-time monitoring of the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine 1.

[0028] Upstream of the duty fuel loop pipe 5 and the main combustion fuel loop pipe 6 is a fuel room 12, in which a pressure valve 13 and a flow valve 14 are provided, respectively used to adjust the pressure and flow of the fuel entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine 1.

[0029] Upstream of the fuel room 12 are a fuel heater 10 and a fuel main pipeline 2. The fuel heater 10 is provided with a fuel bypass 4 and a temperature control valve 11, for adjusting the fuel temperature. The fuel main pipeline 2 is provided with a flowmeter 15 and several fuel sampling pipelines 3 outside the power plant production area 16, with redundant configuration. The fuel sampling pipeline 3 is connected to the fuel real-time analyzer 7, and the fuel real-time analyzer 7 is used to real-time monitor and analyze the changes in fuel composition, fuel calorific value, and fuel Wobbe index, and transmit the information to the gas turbine control system 8 in real-time.

[0030] After receiving the transmitted information, the gas turbine control system 8 performs logical operations, diagnoses abnormal information, and adjusts the gas turbine operating parameters according to specific abnormal conditions to ensure the normal operation of the gas turbine power plant and extend the service life of the hot end components of the unit.

[0031] The combustion engine control system 8 is connected to the display device 9 , the fuel real-time analyzer 7 , the flow meter 15 , the temperature control valve 11 , the pressure valve 13 and the flow valve 14 .

[0032] Embodiment 2 is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that: a fuel monitoring method applicable to a gas turbine comprises:

[0033] Step 1, the fuel real-time analyzer 7 analyzes the fuel composition, fuel calorific value, fuel Wobbe index and flow rate changes based on the gas information collected by the flow meter 15 and several fuel sampling pipelines 3, and transmits the analyzed information to the gas turbine control system 8 in real time.

[0034] The real-time fuel analyzer 7 is located outside the production area 16 of the power plant, and the length of the main fuel line 2 between the real-time fuel analyzer 7 and the power plant is not less than the shortest allowable distance, the shortest allowable distance v min The calculation formula is expressed as:

[0035] v min =v×(t1+t2)×α

[0036] Among them, v represents the average speed of fuel propagation in the fuel main pipeline 2, t1 represents the time required for the fuel real-time analyzer 7 to collect, process, identify, analyze the fuel composition and transmit the information to the gas turbine control system 8, t2 represents the longest time for the fuel information to be processed by the gas turbine control system 8, generate instructions, and transmit the instructions from the gas turbine control system 8 to each actuator, and α represents the control margin coefficient, which takes a value of 1.1 to 1.5 to ensure that the instructions are transmitted to the actuators of the gas turbine control system 8 earlier than the measured fuel is transmitted to the production area 16 of the power plant.

[0037] Step 2: The gas turbine control system 8 performs logical operations based on the received information, diagnoses abnormal information, and performs real-time regulation of the gas turbine operating parameters based on different abnormal information.

[0038] Abnormal information includes changes in natural gas composition and natural gas flow; changes in natural gas composition include changes in natural gas calorific value, changes in natural gas combustion characteristics and changes in natural gas Wobbe index.

[0039] The change in the calorific value of natural gas includes a decrease and an increase in the calorific value of natural gas. Based on different abnormal information, real-time regulation of the operating parameters of the gas turbine is specifically as follows: when the calorific value of natural gas decreases, the first method is used to adjust the operating components and parameters to maintain the current power generation under the condition of the decreasing calorific value of natural gas; when the calorific value of natural gas increases, the second method is used to adjust the operating components and parameters to maintain the current power generation under the condition of the increasing calorific value of natural gas.

[0040] Further explanation, when the calorific value of natural gas decreases, if the current power generation is to be maintained, a larger volume of natural gas needs to be burned per unit time. Therefore, the first method can be to output an instruction through the gas turbine control system 8 to increase the opening of the flow valve 14 and appropriately increase the opening of the intake adjustable guide vane (IGV) to increase the intake air volume and maintain a stable equivalence ratio.

[0041] In another alternative embodiment, the first method can also be achieved by increasing the temperature of natural gas, that is, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to reduce the natural gas flow in the fuel bypass 4, so that more natural gas enters the fuel heater 10 to be heated. The temperature control valve 11 is used to monitor and control the temperature of natural gas, thereby increasing the calorific value of natural gas to the initial level.

[0042] Further explanation, when the calorific value of natural gas increases, if the current power generation is to be maintained a smaller amount of natural gas needs to be burned per unit time. Therefore, the second method can be to output an instruction through the gas turbine control system 8 to reduce the opening of the flow valve 14 and appropriately reduce the opening of the IGV to reduce the intake air volume and maintain a stable equivalence ratio.

[0043] In another alternative embodiment, the second method can also be achieved by reducing the temperature of natural gas. The gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to increase the natural gas flow in the fuel bypass 4, so that less natural gas enters the fuel heater 10 to be heated, thereby reducing the calorific value of natural gas to the initial level. In addition, in addition to using the fuel bypass 4 to control the flow of the heated natural gas and thus control the temperature of natural gas, the temperature of the heat source in the fuel heater 10 or the flow rate can also be adjusted to control the temperature of natural gas.

[0044] The change in the combustion characteristics of natural gas is that the content of one or more gases in natural gas changes. The real-time regulation of the operating parameters of the gas turbine is specifically as follows: when the content of any gas in natural gas exceeds the alarm threshold value, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to sequentially control the reduction of the gas turbine load and shut down normally; when the content of any gas in natural gas exceeds the danger threshold value, the gas turbine protection mechanism is triggered.

[0045] Further explanation: An increase in the content of hydrogen, ethylene, etc. in natural gas will increase the flame propagation speed and make flashback more likely to occur. Therefore, alarm values and danger values need to be set separately for such gases as hydrogen and ethylene. When the content of a certain gas such as hydrogen or ethylene in natural gas exceeds the alarm value, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to sequentially control and reduce the load of the gas turbine, and shut down normally; when the content of a certain gas such as hydrogen or ethylene in natural gas exceeds the danger value, the gas turbine protection mechanism is triggered, and the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to immediately trip the gas turbine 1 and stop combustion to prevent flashback from damaging the hot-end components of the combustion chamber and the turbine assembly.

[0046] The change in the Wobbe index of natural gas includes that when the Wobbe index of the fuel exceeds the limit value, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to sequentially control and reduce the load of the gas turbine, and shut down normally.

[0047] Further explanation: Different gas turbine suppliers (OEMs) have specific constraints on the change range of the Wobbe index of the natural gas burned by their respective gas turbines 1, generally not exceeding ±5%. Otherwise, combustion adjustment or burner replacement is required to adapt to the change in the Wobbe index of natural gas. However, the OEMs do not connect the change situation of the Wobbe index to the gas turbine control system 8. Therefore, the traditional gas turbine control logic has deficiencies. In this embodiment, when the Wobbe index of the fuel exceeds the limit value, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to sequentially control and reduce the load of the gas turbine, and shut down normally, avoiding the situation where the hot-end components are damaged without taking any measures due to the fluctuation of the Wobbe index of natural gas exceeding the range.

[0048] When the calorific value of natural gas, the combustion characteristics of natural gas, and the Wobbe index of natural gas change simultaneously, the priority of regulation is that the change in the combustion characteristics of natural gas is superior to the change in the Wobbe index of natural gas, which is superior to the change in the calorific value of natural gas.

[0049] Further explanation, among the three situations of the change in the calorific value of natural gas, the change in the combustion characteristics of natural gas, and the change in the Wobbe index of natural gas, there are associated and coupled situations. For example, an increase in the hydrogen component in natural gas will lead to a decrease in the volumetric calorific value of natural gas and an increase in the possibility of flashback. When the hydrogen component increases too much, the Wobbe index of natural gas may exceed the limit value. Therefore, the control method of the gas turbine control system 8 for the above situations has priorities. The change in the combustion characteristics of natural gas is considered first because the change in combustion characteristics is likely to damage the hot-end components of the gas turbine, that is, the change in the content of gases such as hydrogen and ethylene in natural gas is considered first; secondly is the change in the Wobbe index of natural gas. When it does not exceed the limit value, the gas turbine control system 8 can determine it as normal, and the gas turbine control system 8 outputs corresponding instructions for other abnormal situations; finally is the change in the calorific value of natural gas. The reason is that the change in the calorific value of natural gas can be compensated by the natural gas flow rate, natural gas temperature, heat source temperature and flow rate, etc., and the harm to the gas turbine 1 is less than the previous two situations. Moreover, when the calorific value of natural gas changes greatly, the change in the fuel composition is more significant, generally exceeding the limit values of hydrogen and ethylene content or the Wobbe index limit value. At this time, the gas turbine 1 has already stopped smoothly or tripped abnormally.

[0050] The change in natural gas flow rate includes a decrease in natural gas flow rate, an increase in natural gas flow rate, and a periodic fluctuation in natural gas flow rate.

[0051] Based on different abnormal information, the real-time regulation of the gas turbine operating parameters specifically includes that when the natural gas flow rate decreases, the third method is adopted based on the decreasing rate to maintain the flow rate stability and protect the hot-end components of the gas turbine 1; when the natural gas flow rate increases, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to immediately stop the gas turbine 1.

[0052] Further explanation, when the natural gas flow rate decreases slowly and the decreasing rate is less than the minimum decreasing rate of the fuel during the smooth load reduction of the gas turbine, the third method can be to output an instruction through the gas turbine control system 8 to make the gas turbine 1 smoothly reduce the load at a normal rate until the flow rate is stable. If the flow rate continues to decrease slowly, the gas turbine 1 will stop smoothly.

[0053] In another alternative embodiment, when the natural gas flow rate decreases rapidly, and the decreasing rate is greater than the minimum decreasing rate of the fuel during the smooth load reduction of the gas turbine and less than the maximum decreasing rate of the fuel during the smooth load reduction of the gas turbine, the third method can also be to output an instruction through the gas turbine control system 8 to make the gas turbine 1 quickly reduce the load until the flow rate is stable. If the flow rate continues to decrease rapidly, the gas turbine 1 will stop smoothly; when the natural gas flow rate decreases rapidly, that is, the decreasing rate is greater than the maximum decreasing rate of the fuel during the smooth load reduction of the gas turbine, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to immediately trip the gas turbine 1 to protect the hot-end components of the gas turbine 1.

[0054] Under normal circumstances, when the gas turbine 1 operates at a certain load, the natural gas flow rate does not increase. When this situation occurs, it is very likely that the hardware equipment in the natural gas pipeline is damaged. Therefore, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to immediately stop the gas turbine 1 to prevent the damage from expanding.

[0055] When the natural gas flow rate fluctuates periodically, set the alarm value and danger value for the fluctuation range. When the fluctuation range of the natural gas flow rate at the current moment is greater than the alarm value or the danger value, the fourth method is used to make the fluctuation range of the natural gas flow rate at the current moment within the alarm value range.

[0056] Further explanation, monitor the change rate of the natural gas flow rate. When the natural gas flow rate fluctuates and shows a relatively regular high and low pattern, it is necessary to set the alarm value and danger value for the fluctuation range of the gas turbine 1. When the fluctuation range is low and does not exceed the alarm value, the fourth method can be to output an instruction through the gas turbine control system 8 to make the gas turbine 1 shut down smoothly with a normal load reduction; when the fluctuation range is high, exceeds the alarm value and does not reach the danger value, the gas turbine control system 8 outputs an instruction to make the gas turbine 1 shut down smoothly with a rapid load reduction.

[0057] In another alternative embodiment, when the fluctuation range is higher than the danger value and the gas turbine protection mechanism is triggered, the fourth method can also be to output an instruction through the gas turbine control system 8 to immediately trip the gas turbine 1. During this process, the periodic change of the natural gas flow rate may cause the pressure of the natural gas entering the combustion chamber to fluctuate, and it is easy to occur unstable combustion phenomenon. Therefore, during this process, it is necessary to keep the natural gas pressure stable through the pressure valve 13 and make it match the change curve of the natural gas pressure during the load reduction process of the gas turbine 1.

[0058] Embodiment 3 is the third embodiment of the present invention. What is different from the previous two embodiments is that if the function is implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or part of this technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. And the foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0059] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a definitional sequence list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other systems that can fetch and execute instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device), or used in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatuses, or devices. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0060] More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection portion having one or more wirings (electronic device), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, because the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, followed by editing, interpretation, or otherwise processing as appropriate, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0061] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or a combination of the following techniques well known in the art can be used: discrete logic circuits having logic gate circuits for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0062] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel monitoring system applicable to a gas turbine, characterized in that: including a gas turbine (1), a fuel real-time analyzer (7), a flow meter (15) and a gas turbine control system (8); The gas turbine (1) is a fuel consumption end, and several fuel annular pipes are coaxially arranged on the outer periphery, specifically a duty fuel annular pipe (5) and a main combustion fuel annular pipe (6). The flow meter (15) is provided on the fuel pipelines connected to the duty fuel annular pipe (5) and the main combustion fuel annular pipe (6) for real-time monitoring of the fuel flow rate entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine (1). Upstream of the duty fuel annular pipe (5) and the main combustion fuel annular pipe (6) is a fuel compartment (12). A pressure valve (13) and a flow valve (14) are provided in the fuel compartment (12) for regulating the pressure and flow rate of the fuel entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine (1), respectively.

2. The fuel monitoring system applicable to a gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein: Upstream of the fuel compartment (12) are a fuel heater (10) and a main fuel pipeline (2). The fuel heater (10) is provided with a fuel bypass (4) and a temperature control valve (11) for regulating the fuel temperature. The flow meter (15) and several fuel sampling pipelines (3) are provided outside the power plant production area (16) of the main fuel pipeline (2) with redundant configuration. The fuel sampling pipeline (3) is connected to the fuel real-time analyzer (7). The fuel real-time analyzer (7) is used for real-time monitoring and analysis of the changes in fuel composition, fuel calorific value, and fuel Wobbe index, and transmits the information to the gas turbine control system (8) in real time.

3. The fuel monitoring system for a gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: After receiving the transmitted information, the gas turbine control system (8) performs logical operation processing, diagnoses abnormal information, and adjusts the gas turbine operation parameters according to specific abnormal conditions to ensure the normal operation of the gas turbine power plant; The gas turbine control system (8) is connected to a display device (9), the fuel real-time analyzer (7), the flow meter (15), the temperature control valve (11), the pressure valve (13), and the flow valve (14).

4. A fuel monitoring method applicable to a gas turbine, which applies a fuel monitoring system applicable to a gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: including Based on the gas information collected by the flow meter (15) and several fuel sampling pipelines (3), the fuel real-time analyzer (7) analyzes the fuel composition, fuel calorific value, fuel Wobbe index, and flow rate changes, and transmits the analyzed information to the gas turbine control system (8) in real time; The gas turbine control system (8) performs logical operation processing according to the received information, diagnoses abnormal information, and performs real-time regulation of the gas turbine operation parameters based on different abnormal information.

5. The fuel monitoring method applicable to a gas turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fuel real-time analyzer (7) is located outside the power plant production area (16), and the length of the main fuel pipeline (2) between the fuel real-time analyzer (7) and the power plant is not less than the shortest allowable distance, and the shortest allowable distance v min is expressed by the calculation formula as v min = v × (t1 + t2) × α Wherein, v represents the average velocity of the fuel propagating in the main fuel pipeline (2), t1 represents the time required for the fuel real-time analyzer (7) to collect, process, identify, analyze the fuel composition, and transmit the information to the gas turbine control system (8), t2 represents the longest time-consuming time among the time for the fuel information to be processed by the gas turbine control system (8) to generate an instruction and transmit the instruction from the gas turbine control system (8) to each actuator, and α represents a control margin coefficient with a value of 1.1 to 1.5 to ensure that the instruction is transmitted to each actuator of the gas turbine control system (8) earlier than the measured fuel is transmitted to the power plant production area (16).

6. The fuel monitoring method applicable to a gas turbine according to claim 5, wherein: The abnormal information includes changes in natural gas composition and changes in natural gas flow rate; The changes in natural gas composition include changes in natural gas calorific value, changes in natural gas combustion characteristics, and changes in natural gas Wobbe index; The changes in natural gas calorific value include a decrease in natural gas calorific value and an increase in natural gas calorific value; The real-time regulation of the operating parameters of the gas turbine based on different abnormal information includes that when the natural gas calorific value decreases, a first method is used to adjust the operating components and parameters, and the current power generation is maintained under the condition of the decrease in natural gas calorific value; when the natural gas calorific value increases, a second method is used to adjust the operating components and parameters, and the current power generation is maintained under the condition of the increase in natural gas calorific value; The change in the natural gas combustion characteristics is that the content of one or more gases in the natural gas changes; The real-time regulation of the operating parameters of the gas turbine based on different abnormal information also includes that when the content of any gas in the natural gas exceeds the alarm threshold, the gas turbine control system (8) outputs an instruction to sequentially control and reduce the load of the gas turbine and shut down normally; when the content of any gas in the natural gas exceeds the danger threshold, the gas turbine protection mechanism is triggered.

7. The fuel monitoring method applicable to a gas turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The change in the natural gas Wobbe index includes that when the fuel Wobbe index exceeds the limit value, the gas turbine control system (8) outputs an instruction to sequentially control and reduce the load of the gas turbine and shut down normally; When the natural gas calorific value, the natural gas combustion characteristics, and the natural gas Wobbe index change simultaneously, the priority of regulation is that the change in natural gas combustion characteristics is superior to the change in natural gas Wobbe index which is superior to the change in natural gas calorific value.

8. The fuel monitoring method applicable to a gas turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The changes in natural gas flow rate include a decrease in natural gas flow rate, an increase in natural gas flow rate, and periodic fluctuations in natural gas flow rate; The real-time regulation of the operating parameters of the gas turbine based on different abnormal information also includes that when the natural gas flow rate decreases, a third method is used based on the decreasing rate to maintain the flow rate stability and protect the hot-end components of the gas turbine (1); when the natural gas flow rate increases, the gas turbine control system (8) outputs an instruction to immediately shut down the gas turbine (1); When there are periodic fluctuations in the natural gas flow rate, an alarm value and a danger value for the fluctuation range are set. When the fluctuation range of the natural gas flow rate at the current moment is greater than the alarm value or the danger value, a fourth method is used to make the fluctuation range of the natural gas flow rate at the current moment within the alarm value range.

9. A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a fuel monitoring method for a gas turbine according to any one of claims 4 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of a fuel monitoring method for a gas turbine according to any one of claims 4 to 8.

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