Testing device for testing photoelectric conversion performance of photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a testing device for testing the photoelectric conversion performance of a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation performance testing, the testing device comprises a testing cover, a light source, a temperature and humidity regulator and a power conversion module, the photovoltaic module, the light source and the temperature and humidity regulator are arranged in the non-transparent testing cover, and the photovoltaic module is connected with an inclination angle adjusting mechanism; the light source can emit light with different wavelengths, and the temperature and humidity regulator can regulate the temperature and humidity in the test cover; the power conversion assembly can measure the output power and illumination intensity of the photovoltaic assembly, and the light source, the temperature and humidity regulator, the inclination angle adjusting mechanism and the power conversion assembly are all connected with the controller. A light source and a temperature and humidity regulator are used for simulating factors influencing illumination wavelength, temperature, humidity and the like, and a power conversion assembly is used for testing and calculating the photoelectric conversion performance of a photovoltaic assembly under the coupling action of multiple physical factors. According to the invention, the influence of different physical factors on the photoelectric conversion performance of the photovoltaic module can be accurately tested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation performance testing, and particularly to a test device for testing the photoelectric conversion performance of photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the sharp rise in the global demand for renewable energy, the country actively promotes the adjustment of the energy industrial structure, focuses on the development of renewable energy, and accelerates the construction of large-scale photovoltaic power generation bases in vast areas such as deserts, gobi, and wastelands, with the expectation that photovoltaic power generation will become a breakthrough point for environmental protection and energy-saving new energy.

[0003] However, the development of the photovoltaic industry still faces some key technical problems. Among them, the photoelectric conversion rate of photovoltaic modules has always been one of the most core scientific issues in the photovoltaic industry. Given the complexity of the surrounding environment where photovoltaic power stations are located, physical factors such as the wavelength of the light source, air temperature and humidity will all affect the photoelectric conversion rate of photovoltaic modules. However, there is currently a lack of devices on the market that can comprehensively test the photoelectric conversion performance of photovoltaic modules. Existing test devices can only test the photoelectric conversion rate under standard environments or a single varying factor, and cannot meet the test requirements under the coupling effect of multiple influencing factors, and it is difficult to accurately control the influencing factors, which severely limits the further improvement of the power generation of photovoltaic systems during daily operation and maintenance.

[0004] The core issue in ensuring the efficient operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations lies in how to clarify the variation law of the photoelectric conversion rate of photovoltaic systems under the coupling effect of multiple physical factors. Therefore, developing a device that can test the photoelectric conversion rate of photovoltaic modules under the coupling influence of multiple physical factors has become an important topic that the current photovoltaic industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a test device for testing the photoelectric conversion performance of photovoltaic modules.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A test device for testing the photoelectric conversion performance of photovoltaic modules, including a test cover, a light source, a temperature and humidity regulator, and a power conversion component. The light source and the temperature and humidity regulator are arranged inside the test cover. The test cover is an opaque hollow cavity capable of accommodating a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module is connected to an inclination adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height and inclination of the photovoltaic module. The light source can emit light of different wavelengths, and the temperature and humidity regulator can adjust the temperature and humidity inside the test cover. The power conversion component is used to measure the output power and light intensity of the photovoltaic module. The light source, the temperature and humidity regulator, the inclination adjustment mechanism, and the power conversion component are all connected to a controller.

[0008] Further, the power conversion component includes an output power tester, an I-V characteristic tester, an optical power meter, a radiation illuminance meter, and an illuminance meter. The I-V characteristic tester is used to measure the output characteristics of the photovoltaic module; the radiation illuminance meter is used to measure the degree of illumination of the photovoltaic module by the light source; the illuminance meter is used to test the light intensity of the light source irradiating the photovoltaic module.

[0009] Further, the light source is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the test cover. The light sources are multiple and arranged in a determinant array, forming multiple groups of light source arrays. All the multiple groups of light source arrays are connected to the controller, and different wavelengths of light are emitted by adjusting the multiple groups of light source arrays through the controller.

[0010] Further, the multiple groups of light source arrays include low, medium, and high ultraviolet light source arrays of 290-400 nm, five light source arrays of indigo, green, yellow, and orange of 420-620 nm, and an infrared light source array of 380-1* nm. The wavelengths of the light emitted by the multiple groups of light source arrays are respectively controlled by the controller.

[0011] Further, different wavelengths of light are emitted by the multiple groups of light source arrays through the controller to irradiate the photovoltaic module, and the power conversion component is used to test and calculate the photoelectric conversion rate of the photovoltaic module. The calculation formula is:

[0012] ; (Formula 1)

[0013] Wherein, : is the photocurrent density, ;

[0014] : is the dark current density, ;

[0015] : is the optical power density received by the photo electrode, ;

[0016] : is the wavelength of the incident monochromatic light, .

[0017] Further, the temperature and humidity regulator includes an air conditioner and a humidifier. The air conditioner is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the test cover, and the humidifier is arranged below the photovoltaic module. Both the air conditioner and the humidifier are controlled by the controller, and the temperature and humidity of the photovoltaic module under the working state in the test cover are adjusted through the controller.

[0018] Further, the output power of the photovoltaic module at a humidity of 50% and different temperatures is tested by using the power conversion component. The calculation formula is:

[0019] ; (Formula 2)

[0020] Wherein, : is the power output of the photovoltaic module, ;

[0021] : is the maximum power output of the photovoltaic module, ;

[0022] : is the irradiance of the incident light source, , and the tilt angle is ;

[0023] : is the irradiance of the incident light source under standard conditions, with a value of ;

[0024] : is the power temperature coefficient, ;

[0025] : is the temperature of the photovoltaic module during operation, ;

[0026] : is the temperature of the photovoltaic module operating under standard conditions, with a value of ;

[0027] Wherein, the standard conditions refer to: humidity of 50%, temperature of 25 °C, and light source irradiance of ; Under standard conditions, the output power P of the photovoltaic module is directly measured by an output power tester.

[0028] Furthermore, the inclination adjustment mechanism includes a rectangular frame. Support columns capable of lifting are provided at the four corners of the rectangular frame. The upper ends of the support columns are rotatably connected to the four corners of the photovoltaic module. The support columns are connected to a telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism is connected to a controller.

[0029] Furthermore, a camera is provided inside the test cover for observing the situation inside the test cover during the test process.

[0030] Furthermore, a plurality of walking wheels are provided at the bottom of the test cover. The walking wheels are electric drive wheels

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is:[[]]

[0032] This device installs a photovoltaic module, a light source, and a temperature and humidity regulator inside an opaque test chamber. The light source irradiates the photovoltaic module with light of different wavelengths, and the temperature and humidity regulator adjusts the temperature and humidity inside the test chamber, thereby simulating factors such as the light wavelength, temperature, and humidity that affect the photovoltaic module. A power conversion component is used to measure the output power and light intensity of the photovoltaic module, and then the photoelectric conversion performance of the photovoltaic module under the coupling action of multiple physical factors is tested. Using the present invention can prevent the external environment from affecting the temperature, humidity, and light source wavelength inside the test chamber, and achieve accurate testing of the influence of different physical factors on the photoelectric conversion performance of the photovoltaic module. The present invention can make up for the deficiencies of existing experimental conditions and provide key support for improving the power generation efficiency in the daily operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations. Description of the Drawings

[0033] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0034] In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for testing the photoelectric conversion performance of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the test chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic layout diagram of the light source at the top of the test chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the inclination angle adjustment mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1 - Test chamber; 2 - Light source; 3 - Air conditioner; 4 - Double doors; 5 - Inclination angle adjustment mechanism, 51 - Rectangular frame, 52 - Support column; 6 - Photovoltaic module; 7 - Humidifier; 8 - Walking wheels. Detailed Embodiments

[0041] The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other. For the same or similar concepts or processes, they may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0042] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a test device for testing the photoelectric conversion performance of a photovoltaic module includes a test cover 1, a light source 2, a temperature and humidity regulator, and a power conversion component. The light source 2 and the temperature and humidity regulator are arranged inside the test cover 1. The test cover 1 is an opaque hollow cavity capable of accommodating the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module 6 is connected to an inclination adjustment mechanism 5 for adjusting the height and inclination of the photovoltaic module 6. The light source 2 can emit light of different wavelengths, and the temperature and humidity regulator can adjust the temperature and humidity inside the test cover 1. The power conversion component is used to measure the output power and light intensity of the photovoltaic module 6. The light source 2, the temperature and humidity regulator, the inclination adjustment mechanism, and the power conversion component are all connected to a controller. Among them, the power conversion component includes an I-V characteristic tester, an optical power meter, a radiation illuminance meter, and a light intensity meter (not shown in the figure). The I-V characteristic tester is used to measure the output characteristics of the photovoltaic module 6, can draw a complete I-V curve of the photovoltaic module, and calculate the maximum output power of the photovoltaic module based on this curve. The optical power meter is used to measure the optical power density received by the photoelectrode. The radiation illuminance meter is used to measure the irradiation degree of the photovoltaic module by the light source. The light intensity meter is used to test the light intensity of the light source 2 irradiating the photovoltaic module 6, that is, the input energy of the photovoltaic module. It should be noted that the incident light angle of the light intensity meter needs to be the same as that of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] During specific production, as Figure 2 shown, the test cover 1 includes a sealed housing made of aluminum alloy material and a black cloth wrapped around its exterior. The length, width, and height dimensions of the housing can be designed as 2 * 3 * 6 m. Using an opaque test cover can protect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module from being interfered by physical factors outside the test cover, such as external stray light, temperature, and humidity. At the same time, a double-door 4 that can be opened and closed is provided on the side of the test cover 1 to facilitate personnel access during equipment loading and unloading.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the light source 2 is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the test cover 1. The light source 2 is several and arranged in a determinant array to form multiple groups of light source arrays. Multiple groups of light source arrays are all connected to the controller, and different wavelengths of light are emitted by adjusting multiple groups of light source arrays through the controller. Among them, multiple groups of light source arrays include low, medium, and high ultraviolet light source arrays of 290 - 400 nm, five light source arrays of indigo, green, yellow, and orange of 420 - 620 nm, and an infrared light source array of 380 - 1 * nm. Each group of light source arrays is arranged in a regular array in the manner of 3 × 6, which can achieve full coverage of the photovoltaic module by the light source, and different wavelength light source arrays can be switched through the controller without changing other physical conditions.

[0045] The wavelengths of the light emitted by multiple groups of light source arrays are respectively controlled by a controller. After irradiating a photovoltaic module, the photocurrent density and dark current density are measured using an I-V characteristic tester, and the optical power density is measured using an optical power meter. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is calculated, and its calculation formula is:

[0046] ; (Formula 1)

[0047] Among them, : is the photocurrent density, ;

[0048] : is the dark current density, ;

[0049] : is the optical power density received by the photo - electrode, ;

[0050] : is the wavelength of the incident monochromatic light, .

[0051] During specific production, the temperature and humidity regulator includes an air conditioner 3 and a humidifier 7. The air conditioner 3 is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the test chamber 1, and the humidifier 7 is arranged below the photovoltaic module 6. Both the air conditioner and the humidifier are controlled by a controller. By adjusting the temperature and humidity of the photovoltaic module in the test chamber through the controller, and by real - time monitoring and adjusting the temperature and humidity in the test chamber, it is ensured that the photovoltaic module operates under the required conditions. The output power of the photovoltaic module at a humidity of 50% and different temperatures is tested using a power conversion component, and its calculation formula is:

[0052] ; (Formula 2)

[0053] Among them, : is the power output of the photovoltaic module, ;

[0054] : is the maximum power output of the photovoltaic module (provided by the manufacturer), ;

[0055] : is the irradiance of the incident light source, , the tilt angle is ; measured using an irradiance meter;

[0056] : is the irradiance of the incident light source under standard conditions, taking a typical value ;

[0057] : is the power temperature coefficient, ;

[0058] : is the temperature when the photovoltaic module is working, ; Measured using a thermometer;

[0059] : is the temperature at which the photovoltaic module operates under standard conditions, taking a typical value .

[0060] Among them, the standard conditions refer to: the humidity is 50%, the temperature is 25 °C, and the light source irradiance is . Under standard conditions, the output power P of the photovoltaic module can be directly read by an output power tester; under non-standard conditions (i.e., when the temperature and the light source wavelength change), the output power P of the photovoltaic module is obtained through Formula 2. The above parameters are measured by an output power tester, an I-V characteristic tester, a light intensity meter, a solar irradiance meter, a thermometer, and a light power meter. The power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is accurately calculated through the above Formulas (1) and (2), and the power station management is optimized through data recording and transmission.

[0061] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4 shown, the inclination angle adjusting mechanism 5 includes a rectangular frame 51. Support columns 52 capable of lifting are provided at the four corners of the rectangular frame 51. The upper ends of the support columns 52 are rotatably connected to the four corners of the photovoltaic module 6. The support columns 52 are connected to a telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism is connected to a controller. During specific manufacturing, support columns can also be installed at the tops of the columns in the middle of the four side frames of the rectangular frame 51 to further support the four sides of the photovoltaic module; at the same time, a scale steel ruler (not shown in the figure) is installed on the side of the support column 52 to enable accurate adjustment; the telescopic mechanism can adopt a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric push rod (which can be embedded in the four corner frames of the rectangular frame) as long as it can drive the lifting of the support column. The inclination angle adjusting mechanism with this structure can adjust the height and inclination angle of the photovoltaic module.

[0062] Further optimizing the above solution, a camera (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the test cover 1 for observing the situation inside the test cover during the test process.

[0063] In order to facilitate the movement of the test cover 1 for transfer, a plurality of walking wheels 8 are provided at the bottom of the test cover 1. Among them, the walking wheels can adopt electric drive wheels, and the electric drive wheels are controlled by a remote control, which can achieve the accuracy of their steering and movement, and conveniently and quickly move the test cover to any working location.

[0064] The present invention can simulate factors such as the light wavelength, temperature, and humidity encountered by photovoltaic modules, and can test the photoelectric conversion efficiency under the coupling action of single or multiple physical factors. The test chamber is equipped with a controllable light source, which is not affected by the weather environment outside the test chamber, can precisely control various influencing factors, and can accurately analyze the influence degree of each factor. Through the controller, the ultraviolet light source array with different wavelengths, the five-color light source array of indigo, green, yellow, and orange, and the infrared light source array can be switched to study the influence of light sources with different wavelengths on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules. At the same time, the influence of different temperature and humidity working environments on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules is studied to give the optimal temperature and humidity for the operation of photovoltaic modules and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for testing the photoelectric conversion performance of a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes a test chamber, a light source, a temperature and humidity regulator, and a power conversion component. The light source and the temperature and humidity regulator are arranged inside the test chamber. The test chamber is an opaque hollow cavity capable of accommodating a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module is connected to an inclination adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height and inclination of the photovoltaic module. The light source can emit light of different wavelengths, and the temperature and humidity regulator can adjust the temperature and humidity inside the test chamber. The power conversion component is used to measure the output power and light intensity of the photovoltaic module. The light source, the temperature and humidity regulator, the inclination adjustment mechanism, and the power conversion component are all connected to a controller.

2. The test device for testing the photovoltaic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The power conversion component includes an output power tester, an I-V characteristic tester, an optical power meter, a radiance meter, and a light intensity meter. The I-V characteristic tester is used to measure the output characteristics of the photovoltaic module. The radiance meter is used to measure the degree of illumination of the photovoltaic module by the light source. The light intensity meter is used to test the light intensity of the light source irradiating the photovoltaic module.

3. The test device for testing the optoelectronic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light source is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber. The light source is composed of several units and is arranged in a determinant array to form multiple groups of light source arrays. All the multiple groups of light source arrays are connected to the controller, and different wavelengths of light are emitted by adjusting the multiple groups of light source arrays through the controller.

4. An experimental device for testing the photovoltaic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-group light source arrays include an ultraviolet light source array of 290-400 nm, an indigo, green, yellow, orange five-color light source array of 420-620 nm, and an infrared light source array of 380-1* nm. The wavelengths of the light emitted by the multi-group light source arrays are respectively controlled by a controller.

5. The test device for testing the optoelectronic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The controller is used to control multiple groups of light source arrays to emit light of different wavelengths to irradiate the photovoltaic module, and the power conversion component is used to test and calculate the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. The calculation formula is: ; (Formula 1) Among them, : is the photocurrent density, ; : is the dark current density, ; : is the optical power density received by the optoelectrode, ; : is the wavelength of the incident monochromatic light, .

6. The test device for testing the optoelectronic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity regulator includes an air conditioner and a humidifier. The air conditioner is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the test chamber, and the humidifier is arranged below the photovoltaic module. Both the air conditioner and the humidifier are controlled by the controller, and the temperature and humidity under the working state of the photovoltaic module inside the test chamber are adjusted through the controller.

7. An experimental device for testing the optoelectronic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power conversion component is used to test the output power of the photovoltaic module at a humidity of 50% and different temperatures. The calculation formula is: ； (Formula 2) Among them, : is the power output of the photovoltaic module, ; : is the maximum power output of the photovoltaic module, ; : is the incident light source irradiance, , the tilt angle is ; : is the irradiance of the incident light source under standard conditions, with a value of ; : is the power temperature coefficient, ; : is the temperature when the photovoltaic module is working, ; : It is the temperature at which the photovoltaic module operates under standard conditions, and the value is ; Among them, the standard conditions refer to: humidity of 50%, temperature of 25 °C, and light source irradiance of ; Under the standard conditions, the output power P of the photovoltaic module is directly measured by an output power tester.

8. The test device for testing the optoelectronic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclination adjustment mechanism includes a rectangular frame. Support columns capable of lifting are provided at the four corners of the rectangular frame. The upper ends of the support columns are rotatably connected to the four corners of the photovoltaic module. The support columns are connected to a telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism is connected to the controller.

9. The test device for testing the optoelectronic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, A camera is arranged inside the test chamber.

10. A test device for testing the photovoltaic conversion performance of a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Multiple walking wheels are provided at the bottom of the test chamber.

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