Automobile structure component gluing heat treatment method and system based on frequency conversion microwaves

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile structure assembly gluing heat treatment method and system based on frequency conversion microwaves. The method comprises the steps that the surface of an automobile structure assembly is subjected to activating treatment through a plasma spraying technology; the method comprises the following steps: coating a to-be-glued automobile structure component with an adhesive, carrying out heat treatment on the coated automobile structure component by adopting a variable-frequency microwave generator, dynamically adjusting the microwave frequency to realize uniform heating of the interior of an adhesive layer, monitoring the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer in real time, and dynamically adjusting the microwave power output; in the microwave heat treatment process, pressure is applied synchronously to promote discharge of bubbles in the adhesive layer and improve the compactness and mechanical property of the adhesive layer; and a gradient cooling mode is adopted for cooling the automobile structure assembly subjected to heat treatment. According to the embodiment of the invention, the bonding quality and durability of the automobile structural component can be remarkably improved through frequency adjustment, temperature monitoring, bubble removal and pressure application in the microwave heating process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of gluing, and particularly relates to a method and system for gluing heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable-frequency microwave. Background Art

[0002] In the automotive industry, the connection method of structural components is gradually tending to adopt gluing technology to replace traditional mechanical connection methods such as welding and bolt connection. Gluing technology has significant advantages in improving the structural strength and light weight of automobiles due to its good sealing, shock absorption, and corrosion resistance. However, the heat treatment process after gluing has an important impact on the performance of the glue layer, especially key indicators such as the uniformity, density of the glue layer, and the mechanical properties of the glued joint, which directly affect the safety and durability of automotive components.

[0003] Currently, common gluing heat treatment technologies include hot air circulation, infrared heating, and electric hot plate heating, etc. These traditional methods usually rely on fixed heating modes and are difficult to achieve uniform temperature inside the glue layer. Due to the strong penetration and heating speed of microwave heating, it has gradually been applied to the field of gluing heat treatment, but there are still some technical problems. For example, in the gluing process of traditional microwave heating equipment, problems such as local overheating or insufficient heating often occur, resulting in uneven temperature distribution on the surface or inside of the glue layer. This not only affects the gluing quality but also may cause the formation of bubbles inside the glue layer, reducing the mechanical properties of the glued joint. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for gluing heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable-frequency microwave to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and it can significantly improve the gluing quality and durability of automotive structural components by adjusting the frequency, monitoring the temperature, removing bubbles, and applying pressure during the microwave heating process.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for gluing heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable-frequency microwave, and the method includes: Activating the surface of the automotive structural components by using plasma spraying technology to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate; Coating the automotive structural components to be glued with an adhesive, and performing heat treatment on the coated automotive structural components by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the glue layer and avoid local overheating or insufficient heating. And the temperature field distribution of the glue layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; Applying pressure synchronously during the microwave heat treatment process to promote the discharge of bubbles inside the glue layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the glue layer; The heat-treated automotive structural components are cooled by gradient cooling to avoid stress concentration inside the adhesive layer and improve the dimensional stability of the bonded joint.

[0006] Optionally, the plasma power is 500 - 1000 W, the spraying distance is 10 - 20 mm, and the treatment time is 30 - 60 s.

[0007] Optionally, the coating of the automotive structural components to be coated with the adhesive includes: A two-component epoxy resin adhesive is used and coated by an automatic gluing robot. The gluing thickness is controlled within 0.1 mm - 0.3 mm, and the thickness uniformity of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time by an infrared thermal imager to ensure that the thickness error of the adhesive layer is less than ±5%.

[0008] Optionally, the frequency range of the variable-frequency microwave generator is 2.45 GHz - 5.8 GHz, and the frequency switching time interval is 10 - 30 s.

[0009] Optionally, the real-time monitoring of the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer and the dynamic adjustment of the microwave power output include: The temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time by a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted through a PID control algorithm to keep the temperature of the adhesive layer within the range of 80°C - 120°C, and the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±2°C.

[0010] Optionally, the pressure is a uniform pressure of 0.1 MPa - 0.3 MPa.

[0011] Optionally, the heat-treated automotive structural components are cooled by gradient cooling, including: First, the heat-treated automotive structural components are cooled to 60°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and then the automotive structural components are cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10°C / min.

[0012] Another embodiment of the present application provides a gluing heat treatment system for automotive structural components based on variable-frequency microwaves. The system includes: A processing module for activating the surface of automotive structural components by plasma spraying technology to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate; A coating module for coating the automotive structural components to be coated with the adhesive, and performing heat treatment on the coated automotive structural components by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer and avoid local overheating or insufficient heating. Moreover, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; A pressure - applying module, which is used to synchronously apply pressure during the microwave heat treatment process to promote the discharge of air bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; A cooling module, which is used to cool the heat - treated automotive structural components by means of gradient cooling to avoid stress concentration inside the adhesive layer and improve the dimensional stability of the bonded joint.

[0013] Another embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium in which a computer program is stored. Wherein, the computer program is configured to execute the method described in any one of the above when running.

[0014] Another embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the method described in any one of the above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, a method for glue - coating heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable - frequency microwave provided by the present invention uses a plasma spraying technology to activate the surface of automotive structural components; coats the automotive structural components to be glue - coated with an adhesive, and uses a variable - frequency microwave generator to perform heat treatment on the coated automotive structural components. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, and the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; during the microwave heat treatment process, pressure is synchronously applied to promote the discharge of air bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; the heat - treated automotive structural components are cooled by means of gradient cooling, so that the bonding quality and durability of automotive structural components can be significantly improved by adjusting the frequency, monitoring the temperature, removing air bubbles and applying pressure during the microwave heating process. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal for a method for glue - coating heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable - frequency microwave provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow schematic diagram of a method for glue - coating heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable - frequency microwave provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a system for glue - coating heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable - frequency microwave provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] An embodiment of the present invention first provides a method for glue coating heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable frequency microwave, which can be applied to electronic devices, such as computer terminals, specifically ordinary computers, etc.

[0019] The following takes running on a computer terminal as an example to illustrate it in detail. Figure 1 It is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal for a method for glue coating heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable frequency microwave provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected through a system bus. Among them, the memory can include a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory.

[0020] The non-volatile storage medium can store an operating system and a computer program. The computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed, the processor can execute any method for glue coating heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable frequency microwave.

[0021] The processor is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire computer device.

[0022] The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor can execute any method for glue coating heat treatment of automotive structural components based on variable frequency microwave.

[0023] The network interface is used for network communication, such as sending assigned tasks, etc. Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 1 the structure shown in is only a block diagram of some structures related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0024] It should be understood that the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among them, the general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0025] See Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for glueing and heat-treating automotive structural components based on variable-frequency microwaves, which may include the following steps: S201, activating the surface of the automotive structural components by using plasma spraying technology to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate; In the present invention, the surface of the automotive structural components is activated by using plasma spraying technology, aiming to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate. The plasma spraying technology treats the material surface through a high-energy plasma stream, which can remove surface contaminants, oxide layers and other impurities without damaging the substrate, thereby increasing the surface energy of the substrate surface. This activation treatment can significantly enhance the adhesion between the adhesive and the substrate, making the bonded joint have stronger tensile strength and durability. Specifically, the plasma can generate free radicals and active groups on the substrate surface, and these groups react with the adhesive molecules to form a more tightly bonded interface, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the bonded joint.

[0026] The plasma spraying technology provides an efficient and controllable surface activation method for automotive structural components, greatly improving the bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate. By improving the surface characteristics, this technology makes the bonded joint less likely to crack or fail when subjected to external forces, especially under high load and long-term use. In the automotive industry, the bonding of structural components not only affects the mechanical strength of the components, but also impacts the safety and durability of the entire vehicle. Therefore, using the plasma spraying technology to enhance the adhesion of the adhesive not only improves production efficiency, but also enhances the quality and reliability of the final product.

[0027] Among them, the plasma power is 500 - 1000W, the spraying distance is 10 - 20mm, and the treatment time is 30 - 60s.

[0028] In the present invention, the key parameters of the plasma spraying technology are set as follows: the plasma power is 500 - 1000W, the spraying distance is 10 - 20mm, and the treatment time is 30 - 60 seconds. The selection of the plasma power determines the treatment intensity of the plasma stream on the substrate surface. Too low power may result in an insignificant treatment effect, while too high power may cause over-activation or damage to the material surface. The spraying distance is set between 10 - 20mm to ensure that the plasma stream acts evenly on the material surface, avoiding local overheating caused by too close a distance and uneven energy distribution caused by too far a distance. The treatment time is 30 - 60 seconds. Within this time range, it can ensure that the plasma fully activates the substrate surface, removes surface contaminants and oxide layers, and at the same time does not cause over-treatment or burning of the substrate surface, thereby achieving the best interfacial bonding effect.

[0029] This parameter setting is of great significance for improving the bonding strength between the adhesive and the substrate. Appropriate plasma power, spraying distance, and treatment time can effectively remove the oxide layer and contaminants on the material surface, significantly enhance the adhesion between the adhesive and the substrate, and ensure the stability and strength of the bonded joint during long-term use. By precisely controlling these parameters, while ensuring the treatment effect, surface damage to the material can be avoided, thereby improving the quality and performance of the final product, which is particularly important in automotive structural components that require high strength and long-term durability.

[0030] The setting of plasma power directly affects the effect and efficiency of surface treatment. The power range is set from 500W to 1000W. By adjusting the magnitude of the plasma power, the treatment depth and activation intensity can be controlled. Higher power provides more energy, which can clean and activate the substrate surface more thoroughly, but it is also necessary to avoid excessive power causing damage or over-oxidation to the material surface. Therefore, the power setting of 500W - 1000W enables the plasma spraying technology to efficiently clean the surface while avoiding over-treatment of the substrate. For example, when treating automotive structural components made of aluminum alloy, using a plasma power of 800W can effectively remove the oxide layer and oil stains on the aluminum alloy surface and activate the surface to ensure better adhesion of the subsequent adhesive, thereby providing higher strength and durability.

[0031] The spraying distance is controlled at 10 - 20mm. This distance range can ensure that the energy in the plasma spraying process is concentrated and evenly distributed on the substrate surface. If the distance is too close, it may cause excessive energy concentration and local overheating; if the distance is too far, the plasma energy may be insufficient, resulting in poor treatment effect. By precisely controlling the spraying distance, it can be ensured that the contact between the plasma and the material surface is uniform, making the treatment effect reach the best state. For example, when treating a plastic substrate, selecting a spraying distance of 15mm for plasma spraying can ensure moderate activation treatment of the plastic surface while avoiding thermal damage caused by too close a distance. In this way, the plastic surface will have better adhesion, ensuring the strength of the adhesive.

[0032] The treatment time is set at 30 - 60 seconds. This time range enables the plasma spraying to fully activate the substrate surface while avoiding surface burns or over-oxidation caused by too long treatment. In practical applications, according to the material and surface condition of the substrate, the treatment time is adjusted to achieve the optimal effect. Usually, for metals or harder substrates, a shorter treatment time can achieve the expected effect, while for some more delicate or easily damaged materials, the treatment time can be appropriately adjusted to avoid unnecessary impacts on the materials.

[0033] For example, when processing steel automotive components, a plasma spraying treatment time of 45 seconds can effectively remove surface oxides without damaging the material, ensuring that the glued structural components have high strength and adhesion.

[0034] S202, coating the automotive structural components to be glued with an adhesive, and performing heat treatment on the coated automotive structural components using a variable-frequency microwave generator. During this process, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating. Additionally, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; In the present invention, after coating the automotive structural components to be glued with an adhesive, a variable-frequency microwave generator is used to perform heat treatment on the coated automotive structural components to ensure uniform heating of the adhesive layer during the heating process. Specifically, the variable-frequency microwave generator dynamically adjusts the microwave frequency to uniformly heat the inside of the adhesive layer, avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating that may occur in traditional heating methods. To ensure precise control of the heating process, it is also necessary to monitor the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer in real time, and maintain the temperature of the adhesive layer within a predetermined range by dynamically adjusting the microwave power output. This method not only improves the efficiency of heat treatment but also effectively avoids adhesive layer performance problems caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0035] The core function of this step is to improve the heating uniformity of the adhesive layer, avoiding differences in the mechanical properties of the adhesive layer caused by local overheating or insufficiency, thereby ensuring the quality and stability of the bonded joint. By dynamically adjusting the microwave frequency and power output, and monitoring the temperature field of the adhesive layer in real time, the heat treatment process can be precisely controlled to ensure that the adhesive cures within the optimal temperature range and eliminate internal stresses in the adhesive layer caused by uneven temperature. This precise control provides higher mechanical strength, durability, and lower failure risk for automotive structural components, especially under high-strength applications and long-term use conditions.

[0036] The adhesive is uniformly coated on the surface of the automotive structural components, ensuring that the thickness of the adhesive layer is controlled between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm. During this process, an automated gluing device (such as a gluing robot) is used, and the thickness uniformity of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time through an infrared thermal imager to ensure that the thickness error is less than ±5%. After gluing, the component is sent to the processing area of the variable-frequency microwave generator. For example, when coating automotive door frame components, the robot automatically coats epoxy resin adhesive along a predetermined path, and the thickness of the adhesive layer is precisely controlled and monitored in real time to ensure a uniform adhesive layer on the entire surface of the component, providing a basis for subsequent microwave heat treatment.

[0037] The variable-frequency microwave generator will dynamically adjust the frequency according to the actual state of the adhesive layer to ensure that the microwave can penetrate the adhesive layer and heat it evenly. Generally, the frequency range of the variable-frequency microwave generator is from 2.45 GHz to 5.8 GHz. At different frequencies, the penetration depth and heating effect of the microwave on the material will be different. Frequency adjustment can ensure the uniform distribution of microwave energy and avoid the problem of uneven heating of the adhesive layer caused by a fixed frequency. In addition, the real-time temperature monitoring system monitors the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer through a distributed fiber optic temperature sensor, and the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±2°C. For example, when processing a certain body bracket, the microwave generator adjusts the frequency so that the microwave energy evenly heats the adhesive layer coated on the surface of the bracket, ensuring that the temperature inside and outside the adhesive layer is consistent and avoiding damage to the performance of the adhesive due to excessive local temperature.

[0038] After obtaining the temperature data of the adhesive layer in real time through the distributed fiber optic temperature sensor, the system adjusts the microwave power output through the PID control algorithm to ensure that the temperature of the adhesive layer is between 80°C and 120°C and remains within this temperature range for a certain period of time to ensure the effective curing of the adhesive. The dynamic adjustment of the power can cope with the changes brought about by factors such as uneven adhesive layer thickness and different microwave absorptions, thereby optimizing the curing process of the adhesive layer. For example, when processing an automotive chassis structural component, the system detects that the temperature of a certain part of the adhesive layer is low and automatically increases the microwave power, causing the temperature of this part of the adhesive layer to quickly rise to the predetermined range, thereby ensuring that the entire adhesive layer is evenly heated and effectively cured and preventing adhesive bonding failure caused by uneven heating.

[0039] Specifically, when using an adhesive to coat the automotive structural components to be glued, a two-component epoxy resin adhesive can be used and coated by an automatic gluing robot. The gluing thickness is controlled within 0.1 mm - 0.3 mm, and an infrared thermal imager is used to monitor the thickness uniformity of the adhesive layer in real time to ensure that the thickness error of the adhesive layer is less than ±5%.

[0040] In the present invention, the step of coating the adhesive uses a two-component epoxy resin adhesive and an automatic gluing robot is used for the coating operation. This adhesive has good adhesiveness and durability and can meet the requirements for the adhesive bonding performance of automotive structural components under high-strength use. During the coating process, the gluing thickness is controlled between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the adhesive layer. At the same time, an infrared thermal imager is used to monitor the thickness of the adhesive layer in real time to ensure that the thickness error of the adhesive layer is less than ±5%. The precise control of this process can ensure that the adhesive is evenly distributed on the surface of the substrate, avoiding the situation of too thick or too thin adhesive layer, thereby optimizing the adhesive bonding effect and improving the mechanical properties of the joint.

[0041] By precisely controlling the thickness and uniformity of the adhesive coating, it is possible to ensure that the adhesion and strength of the adhesive reach the optimal level during the bonding process of automotive structural components. The application of an automatic gluing robot avoids problems such as uneven thickness and incomplete gluing that may be caused by manual coating, thus ensuring high consistency and stability of the glue layer. The real-time monitoring function of the infrared thermal imager further ensures the uniformity of the glue layer, prevents bonding instability or insufficient strength caused by thickness errors, and thereby improves the reliability and durability of automotive components during long-term use.

[0042] In this method, an automatic gluing robot is used to precisely coat a two-component epoxy resin adhesive. The robot is equipped with a high-precision nozzle and a control system, and coats the automotive structural components according to a preset path and speed. The robot can automatically adjust the coating path and angle according to the geometric shape and requirements of different components to ensure that the adhesive can be evenly coated on the surface. This technology not only improves the gluing efficiency but also ensures the consistency of the glue layer thickness, reducing errors that may occur during manual operation. For example, when processing a door frame, the gluing robot automatically selects the gluing path according to the size and shape of the frame to ensure that the glue layer thickness at each part is between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm. The precise control and operation of the robot ensure uniform distribution of the adhesive at all parts of the door frame, thereby improving the bonding strength.

[0043] During the coating process, the infrared thermal imager monitors the thickness distribution of the glue layer in real time and feeds it back to the control system through sensors. The system can detect changes in the glue layer thickness in real time. If uneven coating is found, it immediately adjusts the speed or nozzle pressure of the gluing robot to ensure the accuracy of the glue layer thickness. Through this technology, errors during the gluing process are effectively controlled, ensuring that the thickness error of the glue layer on each automotive component remains within ±5%, further improving the bonding quality. For example, when the robot coats the adhesive on the vehicle body chassis, the thermal imager finds that the glue layer thickness in a certain part is slightly thinner. The system immediately sends a signal to adjust the nozzle pressure and movement speed of the gluing robot to make the glue layer in this part reach the predetermined thickness and ensure the uniformity of the entire glue layer.

[0044] Coating is carried out using a two-component epoxy resin adhesive, which has high mechanical strength and excellent corrosion resistance and can adapt to the challenges of high temperature, humidity and chemical substances faced by automotive structural components during long-term use. The epoxy resin adhesive needs to be cured under certain temperature conditions after mixing, and the thickness uniformity during the curing process has an important impact on the strength of the final joint. Therefore, by precisely controlling the coating thickness and the uniformity of the adhesive, the mechanical properties and long-term durability of the bonded part can be ensured. For example, when coating the automotive roof frame, using an epoxy resin adhesive can provide excellent shear resistance, ensuring that the bonded part remains firm when the roof bears wind pressure and temperature difference changes for a long time. The selection and thickness control of this adhesive ensure the structural stability of the roof frame.

[0045] Specifically, the frequency range of the variable-frequency microwave generator is 2.45 GHz - 5.8 GHz, and the frequency switching time interval is 10 - 30 s.

[0046] In the present invention, the frequency range of the variable-frequency microwave generator is from 2.45 GHz to 5.8 GHz, and the frequency switching time interval is set to 10 seconds to 30 seconds. This frequency range is selected to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer because the frequency of the microwave determines the penetration depth and heating effect of the electromagnetic wave in the material. 2.45 GHz is a commonly used microwave frequency that can effectively heat many substrates, while a frequency of 5.8 GHz is suitable for small components that require more precise heating. During the dynamic adjustment of the frequency, local overheating or underheating can be avoided, ensuring the uniformity of the heat treatment of the adhesive layer. This frequency switching can be achieved by adjusting the frequency output of the microwave generator, so that the adhesive layer maintains a stable temperature throughout the heating process, effectively improving the bonding quality.

[0047] By setting the frequency range from 2.45 GHz to 5.8 GHz and the frequency switching time interval of 10 - 30 seconds in the variable-frequency microwave generator, uniform heating of the adhesive layer can be ensured, and problems of local overheating or undercooling caused by improper frequency can be avoided. The frequency switching makes the heat treatment process more flexible, which helps to optimize the bonding effect without affecting the material properties. By dynamically adjusting the frequency, it is also possible to adapt to automotive structural components of different shapes and sizes, improving the overall production efficiency and the stability of the joint, and thus enhancing the reliability and service life of the automotive structure.

[0048] Specifically, by real-time monitoring the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer and dynamically adjusting the microwave power output, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer can be monitored in real time using a distributed fiber optic temperature sensor, and the microwave power output can be dynamically adjusted through a PID control algorithm so that the temperature of the adhesive layer is maintained within the range of 80°C - 120°C, and the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±2°C.

[0049] During the heat treatment of the adhesive layer, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time by a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor. Combining with the PID control algorithm, the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the temperature of the adhesive layer is maintained within the range of 80°C to 120°C, and the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±2°C. This method can accurately monitor the temperature changes at each position inside the adhesive layer by using a distributed optical fiber sensor. The advantage of the optical fiber sensor is that it can provide continuous and high-precision temperature data in a very small space, so as to adjust the microwave power in real time. The PID control algorithm automatically adjusts the power output of the microwave generator by feedback of the temperature change to ensure the stability of the adhesive layer temperature and avoid poor bonding effect caused by too high or too low temperature.

[0050] By monitoring the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer in real time, this method can dynamically adjust the microwave power output to ensure that the temperature of the adhesive layer is accurately controlled within the range of 80°C to 120°C, and the temperature fluctuation does not exceed ±2°C. This precise temperature control can avoid the situation that the performance of the adhesive layer decreases or is not completely cured due to uneven temperature, too high or too low temperature during the bonding process, thus improving the mechanical properties and durability of the bonded part. In addition, the use of the PID control algorithm can make the microwave power output more stable, improve production efficiency and product quality while reducing production costs and scrap rates.

[0051] During the microwave heat treatment process, optical fiber temperature sensors are arranged at different positions of the adhesive layer to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the adhesive layer temperature. The optical fiber sensors can collect temperature data in real time at each monitoring point, featuring high precision and fast response. The sensors detect temperature changes by the variation of the reflected optical signal, and the position and data acquisition time of each sensor can be set according to actual needs. For example, if the adhesive layer of an automotive structural component is thick and there is a risk of thermal inhomogeneity, the optical fiber sensors can be arranged at different depths of the adhesive layer to ensure that the temperature changes at each position can be timely fed back to the system.

[0052] After receiving the real-time data from the temperature sensors, the PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control algorithm dynamically adjusts the power output of the microwave generator according to the set temperature range (80°C - 120°C). The proportional part adjusts according to the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature, the integral part is used to adjust the long-term deviation of the system, and the derivative part is used to eliminate temperature fluctuations. In this way, when the temperature at a certain position deviates from the set value, the system will automatically adjust the microwave power to ensure that the adhesive layer returns to the set temperature range in the shortest time. For example, if the temperature of a certain part is too high, the PID controller will reduce the microwave power; if the temperature is too low, it will increase the microwave power output.

[0053] Precise temperature control is not only for achieving the appropriate curing temperature of the adhesive layer, but more importantly for ensuring that the molecular structure within the adhesive layer can crosslink uniformly, thereby enhancing the strength and durability of the bonded part. For example, during the heat treatment of automotive door frames, ensuring uniform temperature can avoid problems such as bubbles, cracks, or adhesive layer decomposition due to local overheating of the adhesive layer, thus improving the performance of the final product. By continuously monitoring and adjusting the microwave power output, it is ensured that the adhesive layer at each part reaches the ideal temperature conditions throughout the heat treatment process, effectively avoiding poor bonding caused by uneven temperature.

[0054] S203, during the microwave heat treatment process, apply pressure synchronously to promote the discharge of air bubbles inside the adhesive layer, improving the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; During the microwave heat treatment process, applying a certain pressure synchronously is to promote the discharge of air bubbles inside the adhesive layer and ensure the density of the adhesive layer. During the curing process of the adhesive, the presence of air bubbles may affect the structural stability of the adhesive layer, resulting in poor bonding or insufficient mechanical properties. The applied pressure forms a uniform bonding force between the surface of the adhesive layer and the substrate, and at the same time helps the air bubbles in the adhesive layer to be quickly discharged, preventing the air bubbles from affecting the bonding quality. The discharge of air bubbles not only improves the density of the adhesive layer but also reduces the porosity within the bonded area, thereby enhancing the mechanical strength of the bonding interface. Especially in structural components such as vehicle bodies, it can improve the tensile strength and durability of the joints.

[0055] The purpose of applying pressure is to improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer. By compressing the adhesive layer, air bubbles and impurities within it can be effectively removed, reducing the tiny voids in the bonded area and avoiding the formation of air interlayers. If these air bubbles are not removed, they may lead to incomplete bonding or reduce the strength of the joint. During the automotive manufacturing process, especially for the bonding of body structural components, the bonded area is required to have high mechanical properties and durability. By applying uniform pressure, it can be ensured that the bonding between the adhesive layer and the substrate is more firm, improving the earthquake resistance and anti-aging ability of the joint, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of the overall vehicle structure.

[0056] Specifically, the pressure is a uniform pressure of 0.1 MPa - 0.3 MPa. Controlling the applied pressure between 0.1 MPa and 0.3 MPa is to ensure that the adhesive layer can be sufficiently compacted during the bonding process while avoiding excessive pressure on the adhesive and the substrate, which may cause the adhesive layer to crack or the substrate to deform. A lower pressure (such as 0.1 MPa) is suitable for thinner or softer substrates to ensure that the air bubbles inside the adhesive layer can be smoothly discharged while avoiding excessive compression of the adhesive. A higher pressure (such as 0.3 MPa) is suitable for thicker or harder substrates, which can provide a stronger compressive force to ensure that the adhesive layer is denser and stronger. The pressure range is set according to the characteristics of different adhesives and the requirements of the substrate to ensure that the adhesive layer achieves the best curing and sealing effects during the entire bonding process.

[0057] Selecting a pressure range of 0.1 MPa - 0.3 MPa can ensure the density of the adhesive layer while avoiding adverse effects on the substrate or the adhesive itself due to excessive pressure. Excessive pressure may cause the adhesive to be over-extruded and even damage the surface of the substrate; too low pressure may cause incomplete discharge of the air bubbles in the adhesive layer, affecting the bonding quality. Therefore, controlling the pressure within an appropriate range can not only ensure the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the adhesive layer but also effectively improve the consistency and repeatability during the bonding process.

[0058] S204, Gradient cooling is used to cool the heat-treated automotive structural components to avoid stress concentration inside the adhesive layer and improve the dimensional stability of the bonded joint.

[0059] The gradient cooling method controls the cooling rate of the components after heat treatment, avoiding the uneven distribution of thermal stress and reducing the internal stress generated in the adhesive layer due to excessive temperature difference. Traditional rapid cooling may cause cracks or deformations between the adhesive layer and the substrate due to differences in thermal expansion and contraction, while gradient cooling uses a staged temperature drop method to smoothly change the temperature of the components, making the dimensions of the bonded joint more stable and reducing the deformation risk caused by excessive temperature difference. By gradually reducing the temperature, it can effectively prevent stress concentration between the adhesive layer and the substrate, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the overall structure.

[0060] The gradient cooling method plays a crucial role in the dimensional stability and reliability of the bonded joint. By gradually reducing the temperature, it avoids the adverse effects of stress concentration on the bonding interface and ensures the strength and stability of the bonded part. In automotive manufacturing, especially in the bonding process of the body structure, any uneven temperature drop may lead to the vulnerability and failure of the joint. Using gradient cooling technology can significantly improve the anti-deformation ability and anti-aging ability of the bonded joint during long-term use, ensuring the performance and safety of automotive components in complex environments.

[0061] Specifically, the heat-treated automotive structural component can be first cooled to 60°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10°C / min.

[0062] When cooling the heat-treated automotive structural component, first reduce the temperature to 60°C at a lower rate (5°C / min), and then accelerate the cooling to room temperature. The initial slow cooling to 60°C helps to eliminate the internal stress caused by high temperature and avoid cracks or deformation of the material due to rapid cooling. After that, increase the cooling rate (10°C / min) to room temperature to further accelerate the cooling process, thereby ensuring the structural stability while minimizing the production cycle as much as possible. Through this staged cooling strategy, the stress concentration between the adhesive layer and the substrate caused by temperature non-uniformity during the heat treatment process can be effectively reduced.

[0063] The significance of adopting this staged cooling method is that it can minimize the stress concentration problem between the adhesive layer and the substrate during the heat treatment process due to too fast cooling. An overly fast cooling rate may cause uneven stress between the adhesive layer and the substrate at the bonded part, which will lead to a decline in the mechanical properties of the bonded part and even cracks or debonding. By slowly cooling, the thermal expansion stress brought by the high-temperature environment is first relieved, avoiding structural damage when the stress is too large. In the second stage, increasing the cooling rate to 10°C / min helps to quickly return to room temperature, optimize production efficiency, and further ensure the dimensional stability and durability of the bonded joint.

[0064] To achieve an accurate gradient cooling process, a temperature control device that can precisely control the cooling rate needs to be selected, such as an adjustable-speed air-cooling system or a water-cooling system. This device should be equipped with temperature sensors to monitor the temperature change of the structural component in real time and ensure that the cooling process conforms to the set rate. In the initial cooling stage (5°C / min), the air-cooling system should provide a stable air flow and adjust the air flow intensity to make the surface temperature of the component evenly distributed, avoiding local overheating or too fast cooling. After cooling to 60°C, the cooling rate can be gradually increased to enter the second-stage accelerated cooling.

[0065] During the cooling process, use a multi-point temperature monitoring system, such as thermocouples or infrared temperature sensors, to monitor the surface temperature of the automotive structural component in real time. The initial slow cooling stage requires very precise control to ensure that the cooling rate strictly complies with the requirement of 5°C / min. Using the PID temperature control algorithm can further optimize the temperature control, dynamically adjust the output of the cooling system, and adjust the cooling rate according to the real-time temperature change of the structural component. In the temperature range below 60°C, the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±2°C to ensure a smooth cooling process.

[0066] During the cooling process, to prevent thermal stress caused by uneven temperature drop, additional thermal protection measures are taken for key areas of automotive structural components. For example, in areas with complex structures or large adhesive layer thicknesses, local heating devices can be added or specific cooling covers can be used to further adjust the cooling rate of these areas and avoid stress concentration caused by too rapid temperature changes. In addition, during the cooling process, external environmental factors (such as wind speed, humidity, etc.) need to be avoided from interfering with the cooling process to ensure cooling uniformity. Through the above implementation details, it is possible to ensure that the automotive structural components after heat treatment maintain a reasonable temperature gradient during the cooling process, avoid stress concentration in the adhesive layer, and ultimately achieve high stability and dimensional accuracy of the joints, improving the reliability and safety of the overall automotive structure.

[0067] It can be seen that the surface of the automotive structural component is activated by using plasma spraying technology; the automotive structural component to be coated with adhesive is coated with an adhesive, and the coated automotive structural component is heat-treated by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, and the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; during the microwave heat treatment process, pressure is applied synchronously to promote the discharge of bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; the heat-treated automotive structural component is cooled by using a gradient cooling method, so that the bonding quality and durability of the automotive structural component can be significantly improved by adjusting the frequency, monitoring the temperature, removing bubbles and applying pressure during the microwave heating process.

[0068] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a glue coating heat treatment system for automotive structural components based on variable-frequency microwaves. Refer to Figure 3 , the system may include: A processing module 301 for activating the surface of the automotive structural component by using plasma spraying technology to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate; A coating module 302 for coating the automotive structural component to be coated with adhesive and heat-treating the coated automotive structural component by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, avoid local overheating or insufficient heating, and the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; A pressure application module 303 for synchronously applying pressure during the microwave heat treatment process to promote the discharge of bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; A cooling module 304 for cooling the heat-treated automotive structural component by using a gradient cooling method to avoid stress concentration inside the adhesive layer and improve the dimensional stability of the bonded joint.

[0069] It can be seen that the surface of the automotive structural components is activated by using plasma spraying technology; the automotive structural components to be coated with adhesive are coated with the adhesive, and the coated automotive structural components are heat-treated by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer. Moreover, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; during the microwave heat treatment process, pressure is applied synchronously to promote the discharge of bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; the heat-treated automotive structural components are cooled by using a gradient cooling method, so that the bonding quality and durability of the automotive structural components can be significantly improved by adjusting the frequency, monitoring the temperature, removing bubbles and applying pressure during the microwave heating process.

[0070] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. Among them, the computer program is set to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments when running.

[0071] Specifically, in this embodiment, the above storage medium can be set to store a computer program for executing the following steps: S201, the surface of the automotive structural components is activated by using plasma spraying technology to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate; S202, the automotive structural components to be coated with adhesive are coated with the adhesive, and the coated automotive structural components are heat-treated by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating. Moreover, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; S203, during the microwave heat treatment process, pressure is applied synchronously to promote the discharge of bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; S204, the heat-treated automotive structural components are cooled by using a gradient cooling method to avoid stress concentration inside the adhesive layer and improve the dimensional stability of the bonding joint.

[0072] It can be seen that the surface of the automotive structural components is activated by using plasma spraying technology; the automotive structural components to be coated with adhesive are coated with the adhesive, and the coated automotive structural components are heat-treated by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer. Moreover, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; during the microwave heat treatment process, pressure is applied synchronously to promote the discharge of bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; the heat-treated automotive structural components are cooled by using a gradient cooling method, so that the bonding quality and durability of the automotive structural components can be significantly improved by adjusting the frequency, monitoring the temperature, removing bubbles and applying pressure during the microwave heating process.

[0073] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.

[0074] Specifically, the above electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device. Among them, the transmission device is connected to the above processor, and the input / output device is connected to the above processor.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, the above processor may be configured to execute the following steps through a computer program: S201, performing an activation treatment on the surface of the automotive structural component by using a plasma spraying technique to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate; S202, coating the automotive structural component to be coated with an adhesive, and performing heat treatment on the coated automotive structural component by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating. And, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; S203, applying pressure synchronously during the microwave heat treatment process to promote the discharge of air bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; S204, cooling the heat-treated automotive structural component by using a gradient cooling method to avoid stress concentration inside the adhesive layer and improve the dimensional stability of the bonded joint.

[0076] It can be seen that an activation treatment is performed on the surface of the automotive structural component by using a plasma spraying technique; the automotive structural component to be coated with an adhesive is coated with an adhesive, and heat treatment is performed on the coated automotive structural component by using a variable-frequency microwave generator. Among them, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, and the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; pressure is applied synchronously during the microwave heat treatment process to promote the discharge of air bubbles inside the adhesive layer and improve the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; the heat-treated automotive structural component is cooled by using a gradient cooling method. Thus, by adjusting the frequency, monitoring the temperature, removing air bubbles and applying pressure during the microwave heating process, the bonding quality and durability of the automotive structural component can be significantly improved.

[0077] The structure, features and effects of the present invention have been described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope defined by the drawings. Any changes made according to the concept of the present invention, or equivalent embodiments modified into equivalent changes, still within the spirit covered by the specification and the drawings, should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for heat treatment of glue application on automotive structural components based on variable-frequency microwave, characterized in that, The method includes: Performing activation treatment on the surface of automotive structural components using plasma spraying technology to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate; Coating the automotive structural components to be coated with an adhesive, and performing heat treatment on the coated automotive structural components using a variable-frequency microwave generator. During this process, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating. Moreover, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; During the microwave heat treatment process, pressure is applied synchronously to promote the discharge of bubbles inside the adhesive layer, improving the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; The heat-treated automotive structural components are cooled using a gradient cooling method to avoid stress concentration inside the adhesive layer and improve the dimensional stability of the bonded joint.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Among them, The plasma power is 500 - 1000 W, the spraying distance is 10 - 20 mm, and the treatment time is 30 - 60 s.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The coating of the automotive structural components to be coated with an adhesive includes: Using a two-component epoxy resin adhesive, coating is performed by an automatic gluing robot. The coating thickness is controlled within 0.1 mm - 0.3 mm, and the thickness uniformity of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time using an infrared thermal imager to ensure that the thickness error of the adhesive layer is less than ±5%.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The frequency range of the variable-frequency microwave generator is 2.45 GHz - 5.8 GHz, and the frequency switching time interval is 10 - 30 s.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The real-time monitoring of the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer and the dynamic adjustment of the microwave power output include: Using a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor to monitor the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer in real time, and dynamically adjusting the microwave power output through a PID control algorithm to keep the temperature of the adhesive layer within the range of 80°C - 120°C, with the temperature fluctuation controlled within ±2°C.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The pressure is a uniform pressure of 0.1 MPa - 0.3 MPa.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cooling of the heat-treated automotive structural components using a gradient cooling method includes: First, the heat-treated automotive structural components are cooled to 60°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10°C / min.

8. A glue application and heat treatment system for automotive structural components based on variable-frequency microwave, characterized in that, The system includes: A processing module for performing activation treatment on the surface of automotive structural components using plasma spraying technology to enhance the interfacial bonding force between the adhesive and the substrate; A coating module for coating the automotive structural components to be coated with an adhesive and performing heat treatment on the coated automotive structural components using a variable-frequency microwave generator. During this process, the microwave frequency is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform heating inside the adhesive layer, avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating. Moreover, the temperature field distribution of the adhesive layer is monitored in real time, and the microwave power output is dynamically adjusted; A pressure application module for applying pressure synchronously during the microwave heat treatment process to promote the discharge of bubbles inside the adhesive layer, improving the density and mechanical properties of the adhesive layer; A cooling module for cooling the heat-treated automotive structural components using a gradient cooling method to avoid stress concentration inside the adhesive layer and improve the dimensional stability of the bonded joint.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored in the storage medium, where the computer program is set to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 - 7 when running.

10. An electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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