An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower

Abstract

The present application relates to an oil-water separation device integrated into a distillation tower, and relates to the technical field of coking chemical distillation equipment. The device comprises a distillation tower and a drainage assembly. The distillation tower comprises a tower body, a tower plate, an overflow plate, a reboiler assembly, and a condenser assembly. The tower body is vertically arranged. A plurality of tower plates and overflow plates are provided, and the tower plates are horizontally arranged within the tower body. The overflow plate is fixedly provided on the tower plate. A feed pipe, a first discharge pipe, and a second discharge pipe are connected and provided on the tower body. The reboiler assembly is provided at the bottom of the tower body and is used to heat the oil-water mixture flowing to the bottom of the tower body into steam. The condenser assembly is provided at the top of the tower body and is used to condense the steam flowing to the top of the tower body. The drainage assembly is provided on the tower body and is used to continuously drain water from the distillation tower. The present application can continuously drain water from the distillation tower, thereby improving the efficiency of oil-rich distillation purification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coking chemical distillation equipment, and in particular to an oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower. Background Art

[0002] When producing crude (light) benzene, the benzene-rich oil produced in the previous process needs to be heated and then transported to a distillation tower for distillation. In this way, benzene products with different components can be obtained at the top and bottom of the distillation tower respectively.

[0003] In the above-mentioned oil-rich distillation process, as the amount of rich oil injected into the distillation tower gradually increases, the benzene product component therein is continuously discharged, causing the residual water in the distillation tower to gradually increase, resulting in a gradual decrease in the distillation purification efficiency of the rich oil subsequently injected into the distillation tower. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to continuously discharge the water in the distillation tower and thus improve the distillation purification efficiency of the rich oil, the present application provides an oil-water separation device integrated in the distillation tower.

[0005] The present application provides an oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] 1. An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower, comprising a distillation tower and a drainage assembly arranged on the distillation tower; the distillation tower comprises a tower body, a tower plate, an overflow plate, a reboiler assembly and a condenser assembly; the tower body is arranged vertically; a plurality of tower plates and overflow plates are arranged inside the tower body, the tower plates are fixedly arranged horizontally in the tower body, and sieve holes are opened on the tower plates; the overflow plate is fixedly arranged on the tower plate, and the tower plates and the overflow plate together constitute an oil-water mixture channel; a feed pipe, a first discharge pipe and a second discharge pipe are connected to the tower body; the reboiler assembly is arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and is used to heat the oil-water mixture flowing to the bottom of the tower body into steam; the condenser assembly is arranged at the top of the tower body, and is used to condense the steam flowing to the top of the tower body; the drainage assembly is arranged on the tower body, and is used to continuously discharge water from the distillation tower.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when producing crude (light) benzene, the operator injects rich oil into the tower body through the feed pipe, and the rich oil flows downward in the oil-water mixture channel to the bottom of the tower body. Under the action of the reboiler component, steam is formed and flows upward, forming reverse contact with the rich oil flowing downward. The steam releases heat and partially condenses, while the rich oil absorbs heat and partially vaporizes, and finally forms a new liquid phase which continues to flow downward, while the new vapor phase continues to flow upward and is liquefied under the action of the condensing component. A benzene product containing more light components is obtained at the top of the tower body and is discharged through the first discharge pipe, and a benzene product containing more heavy components is obtained at the bottom of the tower body and is discharged through the second discharge pipe. In this process, the water inside the tower body is continuously discharged through the drainage component to prevent the water inside the tower body from gradually increasing with the injection of rich oil, thereby improving the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil.

[0008] Optionally, the condensation assembly includes a partition, a reflux pipe and a condenser; the partition is horizontally fixed on the top of the tower body and divides the tower body into two parts, an upper and a lower part; the reflux pipe is fixed on the partition, and the reflux pipe connects the upper and lower parts of the tower body; a condensation chamber is opened inside the top wall of the tower body; the condenser is connected to the condensation chamber through a pipe, and the condenser is used to provide condensate to the inside of the condensation chamber; the connection point between the first discharge pipe and the tower body is located at the top of the partition.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the condenser injects condensate into the condensation chamber through the pipeline, and the steam flows to the top of the partition through the reflux pipe. When it contacts the top wall of the tower body, it exchanges heat with the condensate, thereby releasing heat and condensing, and then flows to the partition, thereby condensing the steam.

[0010] Optionally, the drainage assembly includes a drain pipe and a first valve; the drain pipe is horizontally arranged, one end of the drain pipe extends downward and is connected to the interior of the tower body, and the connection point is located at the top of the partition, and the other end of the drain pipe extends downward to below the partition; the first valve is installed at one end of the drain pipe below the partition; water is preset in the drain pipe; an adjustment assembly is provided inside the tower body, and the adjustment assembly is used to adjust the connection state between the drain pipe and the interior of the tower body.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, at the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, the drain pipe is isolated from the tower interior via an adjustment component. The first valve is then opened, and atmospheric pressure prevents water from flowing out of the drain pipe. Once the steam condenses and flows above the baffle, it settles and separates the water from the benzene-containing oil, with the water residing at the bottom of the benzene-containing oil. At this point, the adjustment component connects the drain pipe to the tower interior, allowing the water in the pipe to drain. Because one end of the drain pipe is located below the baffle, a siphon effect is created, allowing the water above the baffle to drain through the drain pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes a float, a first stop, and a guide telescopic rod; the float is arranged inside the tower body and is located at the connection point between the drain pipe and the inside of the tower body; the first stop is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the float; the guide telescopic rod is vertically arranged in the tower body, the fixed end of the guide telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the tower body, and the movable end of the guide telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the float.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, at the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, as the amount of steam condensation flow on the partition increases, the liquid level gradually rises, causing the floating block to drive the first block to gradually rise and the guide telescopic rod to gradually contract. When the first block rises away from the drain pipe, both ends of the drain pipe are connected, thereby draining the water in the tower body.

[0014] At the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, due to the small amount of rich oil injected into the tower body, the steam generated by heating the bottom of the tower body is small, resulting in less condensed liquid on the top of the partition and a low liquid level. At this time, the height of the first block is low, the connection between the drain pipe and the tower body is small, the flow rate of the drain pipe is small, and the amount of water discharged is small. As the rich oil injected into the tower body gradually increases, the steam generated by heating the bottom of the tower body gradually increases, so the liquid level on the top of the partition gradually rises. At this time, the height of the floating block and the first block gradually increases, the connection between the drain pipe and the tower body gradually increases, the flow rate of the drain port gradually increases, and the amount of water discharged gradually increases until the amount of rich oil in the tower body reaches a certain value. At this time, the first block is completely away from the drain pipe, the drain pipe is fully open, and the discharge volume tends to be stable.

[0015] Optionally, the movable end of the guide telescopic rod divides the interior of the fixed end of the guide telescopic rod into a first rod-containing cavity and a first rodless cavity; a control assembly is provided on the tower body, and the control assembly includes a control telescopic rod, a first spring and a first connecting tube; the fixed end of the control telescopic rod is fixedly provided on the tower body, and the movable end of the control telescopic rod is inserted into the feed pipe, and the movable end of the control telescopic rod is slidingly connected to the feed pipe, and the movable end of the control telescopic rod divides the interior of the fixed end of the control telescopic rod into a second rod-containing cavity and a second rodless cavity; the first spring is fixedly provided in the second rodless cavity; the two ends of the first connecting tube are respectively connected to the first rodless cavity and the second rod-containing cavity, and liquid is preset in the first connecting tube, the first rodless cavity and the second rod-containing cavity.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, at the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, the liquid level at the top of the partition is low, the extension length of the guide telescopic rod is long, and the volume of the first rodless chamber is large. Under the action of the first spring, the liquid in the second rod-mounted chamber enters the first rodless chamber through the first connecting pipe. The extension length of the control telescopic rod is long, resulting in a low flow rate in the feed pipe. As the amount of rich oil injected into the tower body gradually increases, the liquid level at the top of the partition gradually rises, and the water output from the drain pipe gradually increases. At this time, the guide telescopic rod gradually contracts, the volume of the first rodless chamber decreases, and the liquid in the first rodless chamber is pressurized and enters the second rod-mounted chamber, causing the control telescopic rod to contract and the movable end of the control telescopic rod to slide away from the feed pipe, increasing the communication port between the feed pipe and the tower body and the flow rate in the feed pipe. When the liquid level at the top of the partition gradually stabilizes, the flow rate in the feed pipe also stabilizes, thereby achieving automatic control of the amount of rich oil entering the tower body, matching the water output from the drain pipe with the flow rate in the feed pipe, and facilitating the maintenance of material balance within the distillation tower.

[0017] Optionally, the reboiler assembly includes an air permeable plate and an electric heating plate; the air permeable plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and air holes are provided on the air permeable plate; the connection point between the second discharge pipe and the inside of the tower body is located at the bottom of the air permeable plate; the electric heating plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and the electric heating plate is used to heat the bottom of the tower body.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the electric heating plate is used to heat the rich oil flowing to the bottom of the tower body to generate steam. The electric heating plate has a fast response and is easy to adjust the temperature, which is conducive to maintaining the heat balance inside the distillation tower.

[0019] Optionally, a hysteresis assembly is provided on the tower body, and the hysteresis assembly includes a second stopper, a hysteresis telescopic rod, a second spring and a second connecting pipe; the second stopper is provided at the connection between the second discharge pipe and the inside of the tower body; the fixed end of the hysteresis telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the air-permeable plate, and the movable end of the hysteresis telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the second stopper, and the movable end of the hysteresis telescopic rod divides the interior of the fixed end of the hysteresis telescopic rod into a third rod-containing cavity and a third rodless cavity; the second spring is fixedly provided in the third rod-containing cavity; both ends of the second connecting pipe are respectively connected to the first rod-containing cavity and the third rodless cavity, and liquid is preset in the second connecting pipe, the first rod-containing cavity and the third rodless cavity.

[0020] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, in the initial state, the third rodless cavity is filled with liquid, and under the action of gravity of the float, the first stopper, and the movable end of the guide telescopic rod, the delayed telescopic rod compresses the second spring and is in a maximum extended state. The second stopper is located at the connection point between the second discharge pipe and the interior of the tower body, so that the second discharge pipe is in an isolated state. In the early stages of crude (light) benzene production, when rich oil enters the tower body from the feed pipe and then flows to the bottom of the tower body along the oil-water mixture channel, both ends of the second discharge pipe are in an isolated state, and the rich oil cannot flow out of the second discharge pipe. This prevents the rich oil from flowing out of the second discharge pipe as soon as it is injected into the tower body at the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, thereby improving the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil.

[0021] As the rich oil at the bottom of the tower body is heated to form steam, the steam flows to the top of the tower body and condenses, causing the liquid level above the partition to gradually rise. The floating block drives the guide telescopic rod to gradually contract. Under the action of the second spring, the liquid in the third rodless chamber flows into the first rod chamber, causing the delayed telescopic rod to contract. The contraction of the delayed telescopic rod drives the second block to slide away from the second discharge pipe, connecting the second discharge pipe. At this time, the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower body has undergone several cycles, forming a recombinant benzene product. After standing still, it floats above and flows out through the second discharge pipe. The delayed opening of the second discharge pipe is delayed by the use of a delayed component, ensuring that the recombinant benzene product can be discharged normally.

[0022] Optionally, the drainage assembly further includes a water injection pipe and a second valve; the water injection pipe is connected to the drainage pipe; and the second valve is installed on the water injection pipe.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, before the production of crude (light) benzene, the operator opens the first valve and the second valve. At this time, the drain pipe is isolated from the interior of the tower body. Water is injected into the drain pipe through the water injection pipe. Then, the first valve and the second valve are closed in sequence, so that the drain pipe is filled with water, which makes it easier for the operator to inject water into the drain pipe.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] By setting up a drainage component, the water inside the tower body is continuously discharged, thereby preventing the water inside the tower body from gradually increasing with the injection of rich oil, thereby improving the distillation and purification efficiency of rich oil;

[0026] By setting up the control components, the amount of rich oil entering the tower body is automatically controlled, so that the water output of the drain pipe matches the flow rate of the feed pipe, which is conducive to maintaining the material balance in the distillation tower;

[0027] By setting a delay component, the second discharge pipe is opened with a delay, which prevents the rich oil from flowing out of the second discharge pipe just after it is injected into the tower body at the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, thereby improving the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point F in the middle;

[0036] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point G in the middle.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Distillation tower; 11. Tower body; 111. Feed pipe; 112. First discharge pipe; 113. Second discharge pipe; 114. Condensation chamber; 12. Tray; 13. Overflow plate; 141. Breathing plate; 142. Electric heating plate; 151. Partition; 152. Reflux pipe; 153. Condenser;

[0039] 2. Drain assembly; 21. Drain pipe; 22. First valve; 23. Water injection pipe; 24. Second valve;

[0040] 3. Adjustment assembly; 31. Floating block; 32. First stopper; 33. Guide telescopic rod; 331. First rod-carrying cavity; 332. First rodless cavity;

[0041] 4. Control assembly; 41. Control telescopic rod; 411. Second rod cavity; 412. Second rodless cavity; 42. First spring; 43. First connecting pipe;

[0042] 5. Hysteresis assembly; 51. Second stopper; 52. Hysteresis telescopic rod; 521. Third rod cavity; 522. Third rodless cavity; 53. Second spring; 54. Second connecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following is combined with Figure 1-9 This application is described in further detail.

[0044] The present application embodiment discloses an oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower. Figure 1 and Figure 2 An oil-water separation device integrated into a distillation tower includes a distillation tower 1 and a drainage assembly 2 disposed on the distillation tower 1. The distillation tower 1 includes a tower body 11, tower plates 12, an overflow plate 13, a reboiler assembly, and a condenser assembly. The tower body 11 is vertically arranged and has an overall shape that is thicker at the bottom and thinner at the top. Several tower plates 12 are vertically arranged within the tower body 11. The tower plates 12 are arranged horizontally and have sieve holes formed therein. The tower plates 12 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the tower body 11. Several overflow plates 13 are also vertically arranged within the tower body 11. The overflow plates 13 correspond one to one with the tower plates 12. The overflow plates 13 are vertically arranged and fixedly connected to one end of the tower plates 12. The overflow plates 13 and the tower plates 12 together form a channel for the oil-water mixture. It should be noted that in actual production, 25 to 50 sets of overflow plates 13 and tower plates 12 are generally provided. For clarity, six sets are shown in the drawings of the embodiment description of this application.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A feed pipe 111 , a first discharge pipe 112 and a second discharge pipe 113 are provided on the tower body 11 , and the feed pipe 111 , the first discharge pipe 112 and the second discharge pipe 113 are all connected to the interior of the tower body 11 .

[0046] Reference Figure 3 The connection point between the feed pipe 111 and the interior of the tower body 11 is located in the middle section of the tower body 11.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 The connection point between the first discharge pipe 112 and the interior of the tower body 11 is located at the top of the tower body 11 , and the first discharge pipe 112 is used to discharge the light component benzene product inside the tower body 11 .

[0048] Reference Figure 4 The connection point between the second discharge pipe 113 and the interior of the tower body 11 is located at the bottom of the tower body 11 , and the second discharge pipe 113 is used to discharge the recombinant benzene product inside the tower body 11 .

[0049] Reference Figure 2 The reboiler assembly includes a breathable plate 141 and an electric heating plate 142. The breathable plate 141 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the tower body 11, and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 11. The breathable plate 141 is provided with breathable holes. The connection point between the second discharge pipe 113 and the interior of the tower body 11 is located at the bottom of the breathable plate 141. The electric heating plate 142 is fixedly arranged inside the bottom wall of the tower body 11, and is used to heat the bottom of the tower body 11. In some other embodiments, a heat exchanger is used to heat the liquid at the bottom of the tower body 11.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 The condensation assembly includes a partition 151, a reflux pipe 152 and a condenser 153. The partition 151 is horizontally arranged at the top of the tower body 11, and the partition 151 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 11. The partition 151 divides the interior of the tower body 11 into two upper and lower parts. The connection point between the first discharge pipe 112 and the interior of the tower body 11 is located at the top of the partition 151. The reflux pipe 152 is vertically arranged on the top of the partition 151, and the top cover of the reflux pipe 152 is provided with a curved cover. At least one connecting hole is opened at the top of the reflux pipe 152, and the connecting hole and the reflux pipe 152 connect the upper and lower parts of the tower body 11. A condensation chamber 114 is opened inside the top wall of the tower body 11. The condenser 153 is connected to the condensation chamber 114 through two pipes, which are a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe. The condenser 153 provides condensate to the condensation chamber 114.

[0051] During the production of crude (light) benzene, the operator heats the rich oil and injects it into the tower body 11 through the feed pipe 111. The rich oil flows to the tower plate 12 at the bottom of the feed pipe 111. When the liquid level of the rich oil is higher than the top wall of the overflow plate 13, the rich oil flows to the lower tower plate 12. This process is repeated until it flows to the bottom of the tower body 11. At this time, the electric heating plate 142 is in working condition. The electric heating plate 142 heats the rich oil at the bottom of the tower body 11, causing it to boil and form steam. Under the action of the pressure difference in the tower, the steam flows upward through the air holes on the air permeable plate 141 and the sieve holes on the tower plate 12.

[0052] During the flow of steam, it forms countercurrent contact with the rich oil flowing downward, wherein the steam releases heat and partially condenses, while the rich oil absorbs heat and partially vaporizes, finally forming a new liquid phase which continues to flow downward, while the new vapor phase continues to flow upward, and this process is repeated on the multi-layer tower plates 12, and the benzene product of the light component in the new vapor phase is concentrated, and the benzene product of the heavy component in the new liquid phase is concentrated.

[0053] When the new vapor phase flows to the top of the tower body 11, passes through the reflux pipe 152, and enters the top of the partition 151, the condenser 153 now ensures that the condensation chamber 114 is always filled with condensate through the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe. The new vapor phase contacts the top wall of the tower body 11 and condenses. The condensed liquid flows to the partition 151 until the liquid level above the partition 151 reaches the position of the connecting hole on the reflux pipe 152. Then it flows back to the bottom of the partition 151 through the reflux pipe 152, and then merges with the rich oil flowing in from the feed pipe 111 through the oil-water mixture channel to form a cycle, and repeats the distillation inside the tower body 11.

[0054] When the liquid level at the bottom of the tower body 11 reaches the height of the second discharge pipe 113, the heavy benzene product on the upper layer flows out through the second discharge pipe 113. When the liquid level on the partition 151 at the top of the tower body 11 reaches the height of the first discharge pipe 112, the light benzene product on the upper layer flows out through the first discharge pipe 112, and the operator collects them separately through the pipes.

[0055] Reference Figure 5-Figure 7 The drainage assembly 2 includes a drainage pipe 21, a first valve 22, a water injection pipe 23 and a second valve 24. The drainage pipe 21 is arranged horizontally, and one end of the drainage pipe 21 extends downward to communicate with the interior of the tower body 11, and the connection point is located above the partition 151. The other end of the drainage pipe 21 extends downward to below the partition 151. The first valve 22 is fixedly mounted on the end of the drainage pipe 21 below the partition 151. The water injection pipe 23 is vertically arranged at the top of the drainage pipe 21 and is connected to the drainage pipe 21. The second valve 24 is fixedly mounted on the water injection pipe 23. The height of the connection point between the drainage pipe 21 and the interior of the tower body 11 is lower than the height of the connection point between the first discharge pipe 112 and the interior of the tower body 11.

[0056] Reference Figure 5 The tower body 11 is provided with an adjustment assembly 3, which includes a float 31, a first stopper 32, and a guide telescopic rod 33. The float 31 is disposed within the tower body 11, at the connection point between the drain pipe 21 and the interior of the tower body 11. The float 31 is made of a relatively low-density polyethylene material. The first stopper 32 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the float 31. The guide telescopic rod 33 is vertically mounted above the float 31. The fixed end of the guide telescopic rod 33 is fixedly connected to the interior of the tower body 11, and the movable end of the guide telescopic rod 33 is fixedly connected to the float 31.

[0057] Initially, under the weight of the floating block 31, the first stopper 32, and the movable end of the guide telescopic rod 33, the first stopper 32 is positioned at the connection between the drain pipe 21 and the interior of the tower body 11, isolating the drain pipe 21 from the interior of the tower body 11. Before crude (light) benzene production begins, the operator opens the first valve 22 and the second valve 24, injects water into the drain pipe 21 through the water injection pipe 23, and then sequentially closes the first valve 22 and the second valve 24, filling the drain pipe 21 with water.

[0058] During crude (light) benzene production, the operator opens the first valve 22. Due to atmospheric pressure, the water in the drain pipe 21 does not flow out. As the liquid level above the partition 151 gradually rises, the float 31 rises, driving the first stopper 32 upward. During this process, the guide telescopic rod 33 gradually retracts, guiding the float 31. As the liquid level above the partition 151 gradually rises, the benzene product and water in the liquid above the partition 151 gradually separate into layers, with the water at the bottom of the benzene product. As the liquid level above the partition 151 rises until the float 31 drives the first stopper 32 upward away from the drain pipe 21, both ends of the drain pipe 21 are connected, and the water level is now higher than the height of the drain pipe 21. Under the siphon effect, the water above the partition 151 is discharged through the drain pipe 21.

[0059] At the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, due to the low amount of rich oil injected into the tower body 11, the steam generated by heating the bottom of the tower body 11 is low, resulting in a low liquid level at the top of the partition 151. At this time, the height of the float 31 and the first stopper 32 are low, the opening connecting the drain pipe 21 with the interior of the tower body 11 is small, the flow rate of the drain pipe 21 is low, and the amount of water discharged is small. As the amount of rich oil injected into the tower body 11 gradually increases, the steam generated by heating the bottom of the tower body 11 gradually increases, causing the liquid level at the top of the partition 151 to gradually rise. At this time, the height of the float 31 and the first stopper 32 gradually increases, the opening connecting the drain pipe 21 with the interior of the tower body 11 gradually increases, the flow rate of the drain pipe 21 gradually increases, and the amount of water discharged gradually increases until the amount of rich oil in the tower body 11 reaches a certain value. At this point, the first stopper 32 is completely away from the drain pipe 21, the drain pipe 21 is fully opened, and the discharge volume tends to stabilize.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 The movable end of the guide telescopic rod 33 separates the interior of the fixed end of the guide telescopic rod 33 into a first rod cavity 331 and a first rodless cavity 332 , and the first rod cavity 331 is located below the first rodless cavity 332 .

[0061] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8A control assembly 4 is provided on the tower body 11, and the control assembly 4 includes a control telescopic rod 41, a first spring 42 and a first connecting pipe 43. The control telescopic rod 41 is vertically arranged inside the side wall of the tower body 11, and the fixed end of the control telescopic rod 41 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the tower body 11, and the movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 is inserted into the feed pipe 111, and the movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 is slidably connected to the feed pipe 111 in a direction perpendicular to the feed pipe 111. When the control telescopic rod 41 is in the maximum extension state, the two ends of the feed pipe 111 are in a connected state. The movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 divides the interior of the fixed end of the control telescopic rod 41 into a second rod cavity 411 and a second rodless cavity 412, and the second rod cavity 411 is located below the second rodless cavity 412.

[0062] The first spring 42 is located within the second rodless cavity 412. The first spring 42 is fixedly connected at both ends to the fixed end and the movable end of the control telescopic rod 41, respectively. The first spring 42 is always compressed, and the elastic force of the first spring 42 is less than the buoyancy of the liquid acting on the float 31. The first connecting tube 43 is connected at both ends to the first rodless cavity 332 and the second rod cavity 411, respectively. Liquid is pre-set in the first connecting tube 43, the first rodless cavity 332, and the second rod cavity 411.

[0063] At the beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, the liquid level on the top of the partition 151 is low, the water output in the drain pipe 21 is small, the extension length of the guide telescopic rod 33 is long, and the volume in the first rodless cavity 332 is large. Under the action of the first spring 42, the liquid in the second rod cavity 411 enters the first rodless cavity 332 through the first connecting pipe 43, so that the extension length of the control telescopic rod 41 is longer. At this time, the connecting port between the feed pipe 111 and the inside of the tower body 11 is small, and the flow in the feed pipe 111 is small.

[0064] As the amount of rich oil injected into the tower body 11 gradually increases, the liquid level on the top of the partition 151 gradually rises, and the water output in the drain pipe 21 gradually increases. At this time, the extension length of the guide telescopic rod 33 gradually decreases, and the volume in the first rodless cavity 332 decreases. The liquid in the first rodless cavity 332 is pressurized and enters the second rod cavity 411 through the first connecting tube 43, so that the control telescopic rod 41 compresses the first spring 42 to shrink, and the movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 slides in the direction away from the feed pipe 111. The connection port between the feed pipe 111 and the inside of the tower body 11 increases, and the flow rate in the feed pipe 111 increases, thereby realizing the control of the amount of rich oil entering the tower body 11, so that the more water discharged from the drain pipe 21, the more rich oil is injected into the tower body 11.

[0065] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 9The tower body 11 is provided with a hysteresis assembly 5, which includes a second stopper 51, a hysteresis telescopic rod 52, a second spring 53, and a second connecting pipe 54. The second stopper 51 is positioned at the connection between the second discharge pipe 113 and the interior of the tower body 11, and the axis of the second stopper 51 is arranged horizontally. The hysteresis telescopic rod 52 is arranged horizontally within the tower body 11 and below the air permeable plate 141. The fixed end of the hysteresis telescopic rod 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the air permeable plate 141, and the movable end of the hysteresis telescopic rod 52 is fixedly connected to the second stopper 51.

[0066] The movable end of the delayed telescopic rod 52 divides the interior of the fixed end of the delayed telescopic rod 52 into a third rod chamber 521 and a third rodless chamber 522. The third rod chamber 521 is located between the third rodless chamber 522 and the second stopper 51. The second spring 53 is disposed within the third rod chamber 521, with its ends fixedly connected to the fixed end and the movable end of the delayed telescopic rod 52, respectively. The second connecting tube 54 is connected to the first rod chamber 331 and the third rodless chamber 522, respectively. Liquid is pre-filled in the second connecting tube 54, the first rod chamber 331, and the third rodless chamber 522.

[0067] Initially, the third rodless chamber 522 is filled with liquid. Under the weight of the float 31, the first stopper 32, and the movable end of the guide telescopic rod 33, the delayed telescopic rod 52 compresses the second spring 53, reaching its maximum extension. The second stopper 51 is located at the junction between the second discharge pipe 113 and the interior of the tower body 11, isolating the second discharge pipe 113. During the initial stages of crude (light) benzene production, when rich oil enters the tower body 11 through the feed pipe 111 and then flows along the oil-water mixture channel to the bottom of the tower body 11, both ends of the second discharge pipe 113 are isolated, preventing the rich oil from flowing out.

[0068] As the rich oil at the bottom of the tower body 11 is heated to form steam, the steam flows to the top of the tower body 11 and condenses, causing the liquid level above the partition 151 to gradually rise, causing the floating block 31 to drive the guide telescopic rod 33 to gradually contract. The contraction of the guide telescopic rod 33 increases the volume of the first rod chamber 331. Under the action of the second spring 53, the liquid in the third rodless chamber 522 enters the first rod chamber 331 through the second connecting pipe 54, causing the delayed telescopic rod 52 to contract. The contraction of the delayed telescopic rod 52 drives the second block 51 to slide away from the second discharge pipe 113. When the floating block 31 drives the first block 32 to slide upward so that the drain pipe 21 is connected, the delayed telescopic rod 52 drives the second block 51 away from the second discharge pipe 113, so that the second discharge pipe 113 is connected. At this time, the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower body 11 has undergone several cycles to form a recombinant benzene product, and after standing still, it floats above and flows out through the second discharge pipe 113.

[0069] The implementation principle of an oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0070] At the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, the extended length of the guide telescopic rod 33 is relatively long, causing the extended length of the control telescopic rod 41 to be relatively long. At this time, the flow rate in the feed pipe 111 is relatively low. The operator heats the rich oil and injects it into the tower body 11 through the feed pipe 111. The rich oil flows to the tray 12 at the bottom of the feed pipe 111. When the rich oil level rises above the top wall of the overflow plate 13, the rich oil flows to the lower tray 12, and this cycle repeats until it reaches the bottom of the tower body 11. At this point, the delayed telescopic rod 52 is at its maximum extension, and the second stopper 51 is located at the connection between the second discharge pipe 113 and the interior of the tower body 11, isolating the second discharge pipe 113 and preventing the rich oil from flowing out of the second discharge pipe 113.

[0071] The rich oil at the bottom of the tower body 11 is heated to boiling by the electric heating plate 142 to form steam. Under the action of the pressure difference in the tower, the steam flows upward through the air holes on the air permeable plate 141 and the sieve holes on the tower plate 12, and forms reverse contact with the rich oil flowing downward, wherein the steam releases heat and partially condenses, while the rich oil absorbs heat and partially vaporizes, and finally forms a new liquid phase that continues to flow downward, while a new vapor phase continues to flow upward, and this process is repeated on multiple layers of tower plates 12, and the light component benzene product in the new vapor phase is concentrated, and the heavy component benzene product in the new liquid phase is concentrated.

[0072] When the new vapor phase flows through the reflux pipe 152 and enters the top of the partition 151 and contacts the top wall of the tower body 11, it condenses under the action of the condensate in the condensation tank and flows downward to the partition 151 until the liquid level above the partition 151 reaches the position of the connecting hole on the reflux pipe 152. Then it flows back to the bottom of the partition 151 through the reflux pipe 152, and then merges with the rich oil flowing in from the feed pipe 111 through the oil-water mixture channel to form a cycle, and repeats the distillation inside the tower body 11.

[0073] Initially, the liquid level above the partition 151 is low. Under the weight of the float 31, the first stopper 32, and the movable end of the guide telescopic rod 33, the first stopper 32 is located at the connection point between the drain pipe 21 and the interior of the tower body 11, isolating the drain pipe 21 from the interior of the tower body 11. As the liquid level above the partition 151 gradually rises, the float 31 drives the first stopper 32 to slide upward, causing the guide telescopic rod 33 to gradually retract. When the float 31 rises to the point where the first stopper 32 is away from the connection point between the drain pipe 21 and the interior of the tower body 11, the drain pipe 21 is connected. At this point, the benzene product and water in the liquid above the partition 151 gradually separate into layers, and the water level rises above the height of the drain pipe 21, causing the water above the partition 151 to flow out through the drain pipe 21.

[0074] At the beginning of crude (light) benzene production, the amount of rich oil inside tower body 11 is relatively low, resulting in less steam generated by heating the bottom of tower body 11. Consequently, the liquid level at the top of partition 151 is low, the height of float 31 and first stopper 32 is relatively low, the flow rate through drain pipe 21 is relatively low, and less water is discharged. As the amount of rich oil injected into tower body 11 gradually increases, the steam generated at the bottom of tower body 11 gradually increases, the liquid level at the top of partition 151 gradually rises, the height of float 31 and first stopper 32 gradually rises, the flow rate through the drain port gradually increases, and the amount of water discharged gradually increases until the amount of rich oil inside tower body 11 reaches a certain value. At this point, first stopper 32 is completely removed from drain pipe 21, drain pipe 21 is fully opened, and the discharge volume stabilizes.

[0075] As the amount of rich oil injected into the tower body 11 gradually increases, the water output in the drain pipe 21 gradually increases. At this time, the extension length of the guide telescopic rod 33 gradually decreases, and the liquid in the first rodless cavity 332 is pressurized and enters the second rod cavity 411 through the first connecting tube 43, so that the telescopic rod 41 is controlled to contract, and the movable end of the telescopic rod 41 is controlled to slide in the direction away from the feed pipe 111. The connecting tube between the feed pipe 111 and the inside of the tower body 11 increases, the flow rate in the feed pipe 111 increases, and the amount of rich oil injected into the tower body 11 increases.

[0076] As the liquid level above the partition 151 gradually rises, the guide telescopic rod 33 contracts, causing the volume in the first rod chamber 331 to increase. Under the action of the second spring 53, the delayed telescopic rod 52 contracts, driving the second stopper 51 to slide away from the second discharge pipe 113. When the floating block 31 drives the first stopper 32 to slide upward so that the drain pipe 21 is connected, the second discharge pipe 113 is connected. At this time, the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower body 11 has undergone several cycles to form a recombinant benzene product, and after standing still, it floats above and flows out through the second discharge pipe 113.

[0077] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower, characterized in that: The invention comprises a distillation tower (1) and a drainage assembly (2) arranged on the distillation tower (1); the distillation tower (1) comprises a tower body (11), a tower plate (12), an overflow plate (13), a reboiling assembly and a condensing assembly; the tower body (11) is arranged vertically; a plurality of the tower plates (12) and the overflow plates (13) are provided, the tower plates (12) are fixedly arranged horizontally in the tower body (11), and sieve holes are opened on the tower plates (12); the overflow plates (13) are fixedly arranged on the tower plates (12), and the tower plates (12) and the overflow plates (13) together constitute an oil-water mixture channel; the tower body (11) is connected with a feed pipe (111), a first discharge pipe (112) and a second discharge pipe (113). 13); the reboiling assembly is arranged at the bottom of the tower body (11) and is used to heat the oil-water mixture flowing to the bottom of the tower body (11) into steam; the condensing assembly is arranged at the top of the tower body (11) and is used to condense the steam flowing to the top of the tower body (11); the drainage assembly (2) is arranged on the tower body (11) and is used to continuously discharge the water in the distillation tower (1); the condensing assembly includes a partition (151), a reflux pipe (152) and a condenser (153); the partition (151) is fixedly arranged horizontally on the top of the tower body (11) and divides the tower body (11) into two parts, the upper and lower parts; the reflux pipe (152) is fixedly arranged on the partition (151), and the reflux pipe (152) is fixedly arranged on the partition (151). The flow pipe (152) enables the upper and lower parts of the tower body (11) to be connected; a condensation chamber (114) is provided inside the top wall of the tower body (11); the condenser (153) is connected to the condensation chamber (114) through a pipe, and the condenser (153) is used to provide condensate to the inside of the condensation chamber (114); the connection point between the first discharge pipe (112) and the tower body (11) is located at the top of the partition (151); the drainage assembly (2) includes a drainage pipe (21) and a first valve (22); the drainage pipe (21) is arranged horizontally, and one end of the drainage pipe (21) extends downward and is connected to the inside of the tower body (11), and the connection point is located at the top of the partition (151). The drainage pipe (21) The other end extends downward to below the partition (151); the first valve (22) is installed at one end of the drain pipe (21) located below the partition (151); water is preset in the drain pipe (21); an adjustment component (3) is provided inside the tower body (11), and the adjustment component (3) is used to adjust the communication state between the drain pipe (21) and the inside of the tower body (11); the adjustment component (3) includes a float (31), a first stopper (32), and a guide telescopic rod (33); the float (31) is provided inside the tower body (11) and is located at the communication point between the drain pipe (21) and the inside of the tower body (11); the first stopper (32) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the float (31);The guide telescopic rod (33) is vertically arranged in the tower body (11), the fixed end of the guide telescopic rod (33) is fixedly connected to the tower body (11), and the movable end of the guide telescopic rod (33) is fixedly connected to the floating block (31); the movable end of the guide telescopic rod (33) divides the interior of the fixed end of the guide telescopic rod (33) into a first rod-containing cavity (331) and a first rodless cavity (332); a control component (4) is arranged on the tower body (11), and the control component (4) includes a control telescopic rod (41), a first spring (42) and a first connecting pipe (43); the fixed end of the control telescopic rod (41) is fixedly arranged on the tower body (11), and the movable end of the guide telescopic rod (33) is fixedly connected to the floating block (31); the movable end of the guide telescopic rod (33) divides the interior of the fixed end of the guide telescopic rod (33) into a first rod-containing cavity (331) and a first rodless cavity (332); a control component (4) is arranged on the tower body (11), and the control component (4) includes a control telescopic rod (41), a first spring (42) and a first connecting pipe (43); The movable end of the control telescopic rod (41) is inserted into the feed pipe (111), and the movable end of the control telescopic rod (41) is slidably connected to the feed pipe (111). The movable end of the control telescopic rod (41) divides the interior of the fixed end of the control telescopic rod (41) into a second rod-containing cavity (411) and a second rodless cavity (412); the first spring (42) is fixedly arranged in the second rodless cavity (412); the two ends of the first connecting tube (43) are respectively connected to the first rodless cavity (332) and the second rod-containing cavity (411); and liquid is preset in the first connecting tube (43), the first rodless cavity (332), and the second rod-containing cavity (411).

2. The oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reboiler assembly comprises a breathable plate (141) and an electric heating plate (142); the breathable plate (141) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower body (11), and breathable holes are provided on the breathable plate (141); the connection point between the second discharge pipe (113) and the interior of the tower body (11) is located at the bottom of the breathable plate (141); the electric heating plate (142) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower body (11), and the electric heating plate (142) is used to heat the bottom of the tower body (11).

3. The oil-water separation device integrated in the distillation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tower body (11) is provided with a hysteresis assembly (5), and the hysteresis assembly (5) includes a second stopper (51), a hysteresis telescopic rod (52), a second spring (53) and a second connecting pipe (54); the second stopper (51) is provided at the connection between the second discharge pipe (113) and the interior of the tower body (11); the fixed end of the hysteresis telescopic rod (52) is fixedly connected to the air permeable plate (141), and the movable end of the hysteresis telescopic rod (52) is fixedly connected to the second stopper (51). The movable end of the delayed telescopic rod (52) divides the interior of the fixed end of the delayed telescopic rod (52) into a third rod-carrying cavity (521) and a third rodless cavity (522); the second spring (53) is fixedly arranged in the third rod-carrying cavity (521); the two ends of the second connecting tube (54) are respectively connected to the first rod-carrying cavity (331) and the third rodless cavity (522); and liquid is preset in the second connecting tube (54), the first rod-carrying cavity (331) and the third rodless cavity (522).

4. The oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage assembly (2) further comprises a water injection pipe (23) and a second valve (24); the water injection pipe (23) is in communication with the drainage pipe (21); and the second valve (24) is mounted on the water injection pipe (23).

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