Battery detection method and device based on x-ray nondestructive analysis, equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The application relates to a battery detection method, device and equipment based on X-ray nondestructive analysis, a storage medium and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining process characteristic information of a target battery to be detected, and determining a target X-ray nondestructive detection strategy for the target battery according to the process characteristic information; performing feature point identification on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain feature point information of the reference battery, and determining detection parameters according to the feature point information; performing X-ray nondestructive detection on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive detection strategy and the detection parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determining a detection result of the target battery according to the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, wherein the detection result is used for representing whether the target battery is a genuine battery. The method can improve the efficiency of battery authenticity detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery detection method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product based on X-ray non-destructive analysis. Background Art

[0002] As a mainstream energy storage component, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, consumer electronics, energy storage systems, and other fields due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. However, with the increasing popularity of lithium-ion batteries, counterfeit and refurbished batteries have appeared on the market. Due to the lack of guaranteed performance and safety, they are prone to safety accidents.

[0003] In the existing technology, most of the methods use appearance analysis to identify the authenticity of batteries, that is, to determine whether the battery is genuine by identifying the battery's outer packaging, product code, and product QR code.

[0004] However, the accuracy of identifying the authenticity of batteries using this appearance analysis method is poor, which leads to poor efficiency in battery authenticity detection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a battery detection method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product based on X-ray non-destructive analysis that can improve the efficiency of battery authenticity detection in order to address the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis, comprising:

[0007] Obtaining process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determining a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information;

[0008] Performing feature point recognition on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain feature point information of the reference battery, and determining detection parameters based on the feature point information;

[0009] Based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters, X-ray nondestructive testing is performed on the target battery and the reference battery to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and a test result of the target battery is determined based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and the test result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

[0010] In one embodiment, the feature point identification of the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery includes: performing feature point identification on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery; and determining at least one of the tab welding method, the tab welding position, the number of tabs, the core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method as the feature point information.

[0011] In one embodiment, the detection parameters are determined based on the feature point information, including: determining at least one of the X-ray power, resolution, resolution range and characterization size based on the feature point information; and determining at least one of the X-ray power, the resolution, the resolution range and the characterization size as the detection parameters.

[0012] In one embodiment, the performing X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery includes: determining testing conditions based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters; and performing X-ray nondestructive testing on the same parts of the target battery and the reference battery based on the testing conditions to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0013] In one embodiment, determining the detection result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image includes: performing image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image; and determining the detection result of the target battery based on the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter.

[0014] In one embodiment, determining the detection result of the target battery based on the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter includes: comparing the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain a characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery; and determining the detection result of the target battery based on the characteristic difference.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a battery detection device based on X-ray non-destructive analysis, comprising:

[0016] An acquisition module is used to obtain process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determine a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information;

[0017] a determination module, configured to perform feature point recognition on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain feature point information of the reference battery, and determine detection parameters based on the feature point information;

[0018] an execution module, configured to perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determine a test result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, wherein the test result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect are implemented.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect above.

[0021] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect above.

[0022] The above-mentioned battery detection method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product based on X-ray non-destructive analysis first obtains the process feature information of the target battery to be tested, and determines the target X-ray non-destructive detection strategy for the target battery based on the process feature information, then performs feature point identification on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery, and determines the detection parameters based on the feature point information, and then performs X-ray non-destructive detection on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray non-destructive detection strategy and the detection parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determines the detection result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and the detection result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery. The battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis provided in the present application adopts an X-ray non-destructive detection strategy to perform X-ray non-destructive detection on the target battery to be tested, and can determine the internal structural differences between the target battery and the reference battery without damaging the target battery, so as to achieve accurate authenticity detection of the target battery, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of battery authenticity detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a battery testing method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining characteristic point information of a reference battery in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for determining detection parameters based on feature point information in one embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 1 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining a first X-ray image of a target battery and a second X-ray image of a reference battery in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a detection result of a target battery based on a first X-ray image and a second X-ray image in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a detection result of a target battery according to a first characteristic parameter and a second characteristic parameter in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 7 1 is a flow chart of a battery testing method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis in another embodiment;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a first X-ray image in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a second X-ray image in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 10 is a structural block diagram of a battery detection device based on X-ray non-destructive analysis in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 11 is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 12 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0037] As a mainstream energy storage component, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, consumer electronics, energy storage systems, and other fields due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. However, with the increasing popularity of lithium-ion batteries, counterfeit and refurbished batteries have appeared on the market. Due to the lack of guaranteed performance and safety, they are prone to safety accidents.

[0038] In the existing technology, most of the methods used are appearance analysis and electrical testing to identify the authenticity of batteries.

[0039] The appearance analysis method is to identify the outer packaging, product code, and product QR code of the battery to be tested to determine whether the battery to be tested is a genuine battery.

[0040] The electrical testing method is to measure the capacity and internal resistance parameters of the battery to be tested and compare them with the genuine battery to determine whether the battery to be tested is a genuine battery.

[0041] However, whether the appearance analysis method or the electrical testing method is used to identify the authenticity of the battery, there is a problem of poor accuracy, which leads to poor efficiency in battery authenticity detection.

[0042] In view of this, the present application provides a battery testing method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis, which first obtains the process feature information of the target battery to be tested, and determines the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process feature information, then performs feature point identification on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery, and determines the detection parameters based on the feature point information, and then performs X-ray non-destructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy and the detection parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determines the detection result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and the detection result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery. The battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis provided in the present application can determine the internal structure difference between the target battery and the reference battery without damaging the target battery by effectively identifying the unique internal structure and process details of the battery, thereby achieving accurate authenticity detection of the target battery, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of battery authenticity detection.

[0043] The battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis provided in the present application can be executed by a computer device, which can be a terminal or a server.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 101: Acquire process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determine a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information.

[0046] Optionally, the target battery may be a lithium-ion battery, for example, a cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

[0047] Process characteristic information can be used to characterize the internal structure design, manufacturing process parameters and material composition characteristics of the target battery.

[0048] Exemplarily, the internal structure design may include both the outer shape and packaging, and the internal structure. The outer shape and packaging may include the battery type, such as cylindrical, prismatic, or pouch cells. The outer shape and packaging may also include dimensional parameters, such as diameter, height, number of tabs, and explosion-proof valve location. The internal structure may include the winding core structure, such as the number of winding layers, electrode alignment, and separator thickness. The internal structure may also include electrode design, such as the positive electrode material type and the negative electrode silicon content.

[0049] The manufacturing process parameters may include welding process and assembly process. The welding process may be a tab welding method, such as laser welding or ultrasonic welding. The welding process may also include welding quality parameters, such as uniformity of weld spacing and post-weld burr length. The assembly process parameters may include winding tension and packaging pressure.

[0050] The material composition characteristics may include core material composition and foreign matter detection characteristics. The core material composition may be the positive electrode active material, such as the cobalt content and the lithium-nickel ratio. The core material composition may also be the electrolyte composition, such as the lithium salt concentration and the type of additives. The foreign matter detection characteristics may be internal impurities, such as metal particles and non-metallic foreign matter. The foreign matter detection characteristics may also be material defects, such as uneven electrode coating thickness and aluminum foil / copper foil thickness deviation.

[0051] Optionally, the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy may include X-ray non-destructive testing technology and testing equipment.

[0052] In some example embodiments, when it is needed to determine whether the target battery is a genuine battery, the computer device can first acquire process feature information of the target battery to be detected, and select an appropriate X-ray non-destructive testing technology according to the process feature information. The X-ray non-destructive testing technology refers to using X-ray to penetrate an object to form an image, so as to detect the internal structure of the object without damaging the appearance and performance of the object. The X-ray non-destructive testing technology can include 2D X-ray detection technology and computer tomography detection technology.

[0053] Further, the computer device can also select appropriate detection equipment and parameter settings for different models of batteries. For example, for a 18650 model battery with a special design of explosion-proof valve, a high-resolution computer tomography device can be selected, and the scanning area can be concentrated in the 18650 positive electrode area to ensure that the fine structure inside the battery can be clearly observed.

[0054] For example, for a 18650 model battery with a special design of explosion-proof valve, a high-resolution computer tomography device can be selected, and the scanning area can be concentrated in the 18650 positive electrode area to ensure that the fine structure inside the battery can be clearly observed.

[0055] Step 102, feature point recognition is performed on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain feature point information of the reference battery, and detection parameters are determined according to the feature point information.

[0056] Optionally, the reference battery refers to the target battery determined as a genuine battery.

[0057] The feature point information refers to information for characterizing the key structure position, process parameter standard, and material distribution characteristics of the reference battery.

[0058] In some example embodiments, the X-ray imaging technology can be used to perform feature point recognition on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery.

[0059] Specifically, the 2D X-ray detection technology or the computer tomography detection technology can be used to perform feature point recognition on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery.

[0060] In other example embodiments, the pre-trained feature point information determination model can also be used to perform feature point recognition on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery.

[0061] In an optional embodiment of the present application, before performing feature point recognition on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery, it can be determined whether the reference battery of the target battery has been subjected to feature point recognition in the historical stage, and if so, the feature point information of the reference battery can be directly obtained from the database.

[0062] Step 103: Perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determine a test result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image.

[0063] The test result is used to indicate whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

[0064] In some exemplary embodiments, after determining the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and testing parameters, the computer device may perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0065] Specifically, the computer device can determine the X-ray non-destructive testing technology and testing equipment according to the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy, and enable the testing equipment to use the X-ray non-destructive testing technology to perform X-ray non-destructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery in sequence according to the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0066] Furthermore, after obtaining the first X-ray image of the target battery and the second X-ray image of the reference battery, the computer device may determine the detection result of the target battery according to the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image.

[0067] Specifically, the computer device can input the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image into a pre-trained image detection model to obtain the detection result of the first X-ray image output by the image detection model, and determine the detection result of the first X-ray image as the detection result of the target battery.

[0068] The computer device may also compare and analyze the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and determine a detection result of the target battery according to the comparison and analysis result.

[0069] The above-mentioned battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis first obtains the process feature information of the target battery to be tested, and determines the target X-ray non-destructive detection strategy for the target battery based on the process feature information, then performs feature point identification on the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery, and determines the detection parameters based on the feature point information, and then performs X-ray non-destructive detection on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray non-destructive detection strategy and the detection parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determines the detection result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and the detection result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery. The battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis provided in the present application adopts an X-ray non-destructive detection strategy to perform X-ray non-destructive detection on the target battery to be tested, and can determine the internal structural differences between the target battery and the reference battery without damaging the target battery, so as to achieve accurate authenticity detection of the target battery, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of battery authenticity detection.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the feature point recognition of the reference battery of the target battery to obtain the feature point information of the reference battery includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 201: performing feature point recognition on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of a tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers, and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery;

[0072] Step 202: Determine at least one of the tab welding method, the tab welding position, the number of tabs, the core winding method, the number of core winding layers, and the explosion-proof valve connection method as the feature point information.

[0073] Exemplarily, the tab welding method includes the welding method and the overall shape, overall size, and overall arrangement of the welding points. The welding method includes laser welding and ultrasonic welding. The tab welding positions include conventional welding positions and special welding positions. Conventional welding positions may include both end positions and middle positions.

[0074] The winding method of the core can include the positive electrode sheet inside, the negative electrode sheet inside, the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side. The connection method of the explosion-proof valve includes welding and crimping.

[0075] In some exemplary embodiments, the computer device can perform feature point identification on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery.

[0076] Furthermore, after obtaining the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery, the computer equipment can determine the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method as feature point information.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, determining the detection parameters based on the feature point information includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 301: Determine at least one of X-ray power, resolution, resolution range, and characterization size based on the feature point information;

[0079] Step 302: Determine at least one of the X-ray power, the resolution, the resolution range, and the characterization size as the detection parameter.

[0080] In some exemplary embodiments, after acquiring the feature point information, the computer device may determine the X-ray power, resolution, resolution range, and characterization size based on the feature point information.

[0081] Specifically, the computer device can determine the X-ray power based on the material and thickness information in the feature point information to ensure the clarity of the obtained X-ray image. The tube voltage can usually be set at 100kV-140kV, and the tube current can usually be set at 70mA-260mA.

[0082] The computer equipment can also determine the resolution based on the feature point information to ensure that the fine structure inside the battery can be captured. The resolution can usually be set at 5μm~50μm.

[0083] The computer device can also determine the resolution range based on the size and feature point distribution information in the feature point information to ensure the maximum resolution of the detection area.

[0084] The computer device can also determine the characterization size based on the external dimension information in the feature point information to ensure the accuracy of the detection results.

[0085] Furthermore, after determining the X-ray power, resolution, resolution range and characterization size, the computer device may also determine the X-ray power, resolution, resolution range and characterization size as detection parameters.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the method performs X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, including the following steps:

[0087] Step 401: Determine a detection condition based on a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the detection parameters.

[0088] In some exemplary embodiments, after obtaining the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and testing parameters, the computer device may determine the testing conditions according to the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters.

[0089] Specifically, the X-ray nondestructive testing technology and testing equipment are first determined according to the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy, and then the X-ray nondestructive testing technology, testing equipment and testing parameters are determined as testing conditions.

[0090] Step 402: Perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the same portion of the target battery and the reference battery based on the testing conditions to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0091] In some exemplary embodiments, after determining the detection conditions based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the detection parameters, the computer device can perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the same parts of the target battery and the reference battery based on the detection conditions to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0092] Specifically, the computer device can use the detection equipment to perform X-ray non-destructive testing on the same parts of the target battery and the reference battery according to the detection parameters based on X-ray non-destructive testing technology to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0093] For example, a computer device can use a detection device to perform X-ray nondestructive testing on portion A of a target battery according to detection parameters based on X-ray nondestructive testing technology. Then, a computer device can use a detection device to perform X-ray nondestructive testing on portion A' on a reference battery corresponding to portion A of the target battery according to detection parameters based on X-ray nondestructive testing technology.

[0094] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, determining the detection result of the target battery according to the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image includes the following steps:

[0095] Step 501: Perform image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image.

[0096] In some exemplary embodiments, after obtaining the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, the computer device may perform image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image.

[0097] Specifically, the computer device may use an image processing algorithm to perform image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image.

[0098] For example, the computer device may use an edge detection algorithm to perform image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image. The edge detection algorithm may be a Canny algorithm, a Sobel algorithm, or the like.

[0099] For another example, the computer device may also use a threshold segmentation algorithm to perform image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image.

[0100] The computer device can also use a pre-trained image processing model to perform image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image.

[0101] For example, the computer device can input the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image into a pre-trained image processing model to obtain the first characteristic parameters of the first X-ray image and the second characteristic parameters of the second X-ray image output by the image processing model.

[0102] Step 502: Determine a detection result of the target battery according to the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter.

[0103] In some exemplary embodiments, after acquiring the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter, the computer device may determine the detection result of the target battery according to the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter.

[0104] Specifically, the computer device can input the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter into a pre-trained characteristic parameter analysis model to obtain the analysis result output by the characteristic parameter analysis model, and determine the analysis result as the detection result of the target battery, that is, whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, determining the detection result of the target battery according to the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter includes the following steps:

[0106] Step 601: Compare the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain a characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery.

[0107] In some exemplary embodiments, after obtaining the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter, the computer device can compare the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain the characteristic difference between the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter, and determine the characteristic difference between the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter as the characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery.

[0108] Step 602: Determine the detection result of the target battery according to the characteristic difference.

[0109] In some exemplary embodiments, after obtaining the characteristic difference, the computer device may determine whether the characteristic difference is greater than a preset difference threshold. If so, the test result of the target battery may be determined to be non-authentic. If less than, the test result of the target battery may be determined to be authentic. The preset difference threshold may be pre-set by a technician, and may be 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, etc.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, another battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0111] Step 701: Acquire process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determine a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information;

[0112] Step 702: Perform feature point identification on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers, and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery; determine at least one of the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers, and explosion-proof valve connection method as feature point information;

[0113] Step 703: Determine at least one of X-ray power, resolution, resolution range, and characterization size based on the feature point information; and determine at least one of X-ray power, resolution, resolution range, and characterization size as a detection parameter.

[0114] Step 704: Determine a testing condition based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters; perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the same portion of the target battery and the reference battery based on the testing condition to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery;

[0115] Step 705: Perform image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image; perform comparison processing on the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain a characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery; and determine a detection result of the target battery based on the characteristic difference.

[0116] It should be noted that relevant experiments were conducted using the battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis provided in this application. In the relevant experiments, the battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis provided in this application was used to detect the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery to determine whether the battery is a genuine battery. The computer device can first obtain the process characteristic information of the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery, which is the core and winding method. The computer device then determines the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy based on the process characteristic information. The X-ray non-destructive testing technology in the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy is computed tomography detection technology, and the detection equipment is industrial-grade computed tomography detection equipment.

[0117] Furthermore, the computer can identify the characteristic points of a reference 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery, that is, the characteristic points of an authentic 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery. The characteristic point information obtained includes: ① The number of winding layers is 17; ② The innermost layer of the winding core is the negative electrode. The computer then determines the detection parameters based on this characteristic point information. The determined detection parameters include: ① X-ray power: X-ray tube voltage is set to 1200kV, tube current is set to 250mA, and power is set to 300kW; ② Resolution: The minimum resolution is set to 10μm to ensure that subtle defects can be detected; ③ Resolution range: 180*180mm, which can cover the entire 18650 battery; ④ Scan time is set to: 60 minutes.

[0118] Furthermore, the computer device can perform nondestructive X-ray testing on the features of the genuine 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery and the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery at the same location based on the determined testing technology, testing equipment and testing parameters, so as to obtain a first X-ray image of the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery and a second X-ray image of the genuine 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery. The first X-ray image of the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery can be as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the second X-ray image of the genuine 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery can be Figure 9 During the testing process, ensure that the testing conditions are consistent to ensure the comparability of the data.

[0119] The computer device may perform image analysis and processing on the first X-ray image of the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery and the second X-ray image of the authentic 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery to determine a test result for the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery. Specifically, the computer device may first perform feature extraction on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and then perform comparison and identification based on the feature-extracted data to determine a feature difference between the two images. The feature difference is 70%, which is greater than a preset difference threshold. Therefore, the test result for the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery is that the battery is not authentic.

[0120] Furthermore, after performing image analysis processing on the first X-ray image of the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery and the second X-ray image of the authentic 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery, the computer device can also output specific analysis results. For example, from the first X-ray image of the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery, it can be seen that the 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery has 16 winding layers, and the innermost layer of the winding core is the positive electrode. From the second X-ray image of the authentic 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery, it can be seen that the authentic 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery has 17 winding layers, and the innermost layer of the winding core is the negative electrode.

[0121] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0122] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application also provide an X-ray non-destructive analysis-based battery testing device for implementing the aforementioned X-ray non-destructive analysis-based battery testing method. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the aforementioned method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more of the following embodiments of the X-ray non-destructive analysis-based battery testing device can be found in the above-mentioned limitations of the X-ray non-destructive analysis-based battery testing method and are not further elaborated here.

[0123] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 10 As shown, a battery detection device 1000 based on X-ray non-destructive analysis is provided, including: an acquisition module 1001, a determination module 1002 and an execution module 1003, wherein:

[0124] An acquisition module 1001 is configured to acquire process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determine a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information;

[0125] A determination module 1002 is configured to perform feature point recognition on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain feature point information of the reference battery, and determine detection parameters based on the feature point information;

[0126] An execution module 1003 is configured to perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determine a test result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, where the test result is used to indicate whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

[0127] In one embodiment, the determination module 1002 is specifically used to identify feature points of a reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery; and at least one of the tab welding method, the tab welding position, the number of tabs, the core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method is determined as the feature point information.

[0128] In one embodiment, the determination module 1002 is specifically used to determine at least one of the X-ray power, resolution, resolution range and characterization size based on the feature point information; and determine at least one of the X-ray power, the resolution, the resolution range and the characterization size as the detection parameter.

[0129] In one embodiment, the execution module 1003 is specifically used to determine the detection conditions based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the detection parameters; based on the detection conditions, perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the same parts of the target battery and the reference battery to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0130] In one embodiment, the execution module 1003 is specifically used to perform image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image; and determine the detection result of the target battery based on the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter.

[0131] In one embodiment, the execution module 1003 is specifically configured to compare the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain a characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery; and determine a detection result of the target battery according to the characteristic difference.

[0132] Each module in the battery testing device described above can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in a computer device memory in software form, allowing the processor to call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 11 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, abbreviated as I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, memory and input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store data. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a battery detection method is implemented.

[0134] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 12As shown. The computer device includes a processor, memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit, and an input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals via wired or wireless means, and the wireless means can be implemented via Wi-Fi, a mobile cellular network, near-field communication (NFC), or other technologies. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a battery detection method. The display unit of the computer device is used to form a visually visible image, and can be a display screen, a projection device, or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0135] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 11 or Figure 12 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0136] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0137] Obtaining process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determining a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information;

[0138] Performing feature point recognition on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain feature point information of the reference battery, and determining detection parameters based on the feature point information;

[0139] Based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters, X-ray nondestructive testing is performed on the target battery and the reference battery to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and a test result of the target battery is determined based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and the test result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

[0140] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are also implemented: characteristic point identification is performed on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery; and at least one of the tab welding method, the tab welding position, the number of tabs, the core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method is determined as the characteristic point information.

[0141] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also implements the following steps: determining at least one of the X-ray power, resolution, resolution range and characterization size based on the feature point information; and determining at least one of the X-ray power, the resolution, the resolution range and the characterization size as the detection parameter.

[0142] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are further implemented: determining the detection conditions based on the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy and the detection parameters; performing X-ray non-destructive testing on the same parts of the target battery and the reference battery based on the detection conditions to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0143] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also implements the following steps: performing image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image; and determining the detection result of the target battery based on the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter.

[0144] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are further implemented: comparing the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain a characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery; and determining a detection result of the target battery according to the characteristic difference.

[0145] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0146] Obtaining process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determining a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information;

[0147] Performing feature point recognition on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain feature point information of the reference battery, and determining detection parameters based on the feature point information;

[0148] Based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters, X-ray nondestructive testing is performed on the target battery and the reference battery to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and a test result of the target battery is determined based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and the test result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

[0149] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are also implemented: characteristic point identification is performed on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery; and at least one of the tab welding method, the tab welding position, the number of tabs, the core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method is determined as the characteristic point information.

[0150] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are also implemented: determining at least one of the X-ray power, resolution, resolution range and characterization size based on the feature point information; and determining at least one of the X-ray power, the resolution, the resolution range and the characterization size as the detection parameter.

[0151] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: determining the detection conditions based on the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy and the detection parameters; performing X-ray non-destructive testing on the same parts of the target battery and the reference battery based on the detection conditions to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0152] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are also implemented: performing image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image; and determining the detection result of the target battery based on the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter.

[0153] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: comparing the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain a characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery; and determining a detection result of the target battery based on the characteristic difference.

[0154] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0155] Obtaining process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determining a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information;

[0156] Performing feature point recognition on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain feature point information of the reference battery, and determining detection parameters based on the feature point information;

[0157] Based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters, X-ray nondestructive testing is performed on the target battery and the reference battery to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and a test result of the target battery is determined based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, and the test result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

[0158] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are also implemented: characteristic point identification is performed on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of the tab welding method, tab welding position, number of tabs, core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery; and at least one of the tab welding method, the tab welding position, the number of tabs, the core winding method, number of core winding layers and explosion-proof valve connection method is determined as the characteristic point information.

[0159] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are also implemented: determining at least one of the X-ray power, resolution, resolution range and characterization size based on the feature point information; and determining at least one of the X-ray power, the resolution, the resolution range and the characterization size as the detection parameter.

[0160] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: determining the detection conditions based on the target X-ray non-destructive testing strategy and the detection parameters; performing X-ray non-destructive testing on the same parts of the target battery and the reference battery based on the detection conditions to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

[0161] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are also implemented: performing image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image; and determining the detection result of the target battery based on the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter.

[0162] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: comparing the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain a characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery; and determining a detection result of the target battery based on the characteristic difference.

[0163] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. In particular, any reference to memory, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, and the like.

[0164] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0165] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery detection method based on X-ray non-destructive analysis, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determining a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery based on the process characteristic information, wherein the target battery is a cylindrical lithium-ion battery, and the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy includes X-ray nondestructive testing technology and testing equipment; Performing feature point identification on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of a tab welding method, a tab welding position, the number of tabs, a core winding method, the number of core winding layers, and an explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery; determining at least one of the tab welding method, the tab welding position, the number of tabs, the core winding method, the number of core winding layers, and the explosion-proof valve connection method as feature point information; determining at least one of an X-ray power, a resolution, a resolution range, and a characterization size based on the feature point information; and determining at least one of the X-ray power, the resolution, the resolution range, and the characterization size as a detection parameter; Performing X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determining a test result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, wherein the test result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery includes: Determining a testing condition based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters; Performing X-ray nondestructive testing on the same portion of the target battery and the reference battery based on the testing conditions to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a detection result of the target battery according to the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image includes: performing image analysis processing on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image to obtain a first characteristic parameter of the first X-ray image and a second characteristic parameter of the second X-ray image; A detection result of the target battery is determined according to the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The determining the detection result of the target battery according to the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter includes: Comparing the first characteristic parameter and the second characteristic parameter to obtain a characteristic difference between the target battery and the reference battery; A detection result of the target battery is determined according to the characteristic difference.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Determining the detection result of the target battery according to the characteristic difference includes: Determining whether the feature difference is greater than a preset difference threshold; If so, it is determined that the detection result of the target battery is that the target battery is not a genuine battery.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The identifying feature points of a reference battery of the target battery includes: X-ray imaging technology is used to identify characteristic points of a reference battery of the target battery.

7. A battery detection device based on X-ray non-destructive analysis, characterized in that: The device comprises: an acquisition module, configured to acquire process characteristic information of a target battery to be tested, and determine a target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy for the target battery according to the process characteristic information, wherein the target battery is a cylindrical lithium-ion battery; a determination module for performing feature point identification on a reference battery of the target battery to obtain at least one of a tab welding method, a tab welding position, the number of tabs, a core winding method, the number of core winding layers, and an explosion-proof valve connection method of the reference battery; determining at least one of the tab welding method, the tab welding position, the number of tabs, the core winding method, the number of core winding layers, and the explosion-proof valve connection method as feature point information; determining at least one of an X-ray power, a resolution, a resolution range, and a characterization size based on the feature point information; and determining at least one of the X-ray power, the resolution, the resolution range, and the characterization size as a detection parameter; an execution module, configured to perform X-ray nondestructive testing on the target battery and the reference battery based on the target X-ray nondestructive testing strategy and the testing parameters to obtain a first X-ray image of the target battery and a second X-ray image of the reference battery, and determine a test result of the target battery based on the first X-ray image and the second X-ray image, wherein the test result is used to characterize whether the target battery is a genuine battery.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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