Device and method for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of light and heat performance detection of building envelope structures, and specifically is a device and method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions. The device for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions of the present invention comprises: an outdoor environment simulation heat chamber, including a solar radiation simulation system, a wind speed simulation system and a temperature and humidity simulation system; an environmental space; a heat metering box, arranged horizontally with the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber, and the heat metering box is located in the environmental space; the test piece is installed vertically at the interface between the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber and the heat metering box; the solar radiation simulation system adjusts the solar radiation intensity according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions, the wind speed simulation system adjusts the wind speed according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions, and the temperature and humidity simulation system adjusts the temperature and humidity according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions. The present invention can improve the detection accuracy of adjustable light-transmitting envelope structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of light and heat performance detection of building envelope structures, and specifically provides a device and method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions. Background Art

[0002] Transparent building envelopes are a weak link in heat transfer within the overall building envelope, accounting for 40% to 50% of total heat loss, resulting in significant energy consumption during building operation. The response of transparent building envelopes to solar radiation in summer directly impacts building cooling loads and comfort. As a core indicator of a transparent component's ability to absorb solar radiation, the solar heat gain coefficient (SGC) plays a crucial role in energy-saving design and product evaluation. Existing technologies primarily refer to GB / T 2680-2021, "Determination of Visible Light Transmittance, Direct Solar Transmittance, Total Solar Transmittance, Ultraviolet Transmittance, and Related Window Glazing Parameters of Architectural Glass," and GB / T 30592-2014, "Test Methods for Solar Heat Gain Coefficient of Transparent Building Enclosures." These methods are primarily based on steady-state conditions. However, with the rise of smart building materials and novel structural designs, transparent building envelopes are gradually evolving from passively accepting external conditions to possessing the ability to regulate light and heat transmission, such as thermochromic and photochromic glass. Furthermore, existing technologies ignore the actual heat gain effects caused by the dynamic changes in solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, and other parameters in the actual meteorological environment. Therefore, existing technologies are unable to accurately measure the solar heat gain coefficient of adjustable light-transmitting enclosures. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a device and method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions, which is used to solve the technical problem of inaccurate solar heat gain coefficient detection of adjustable light-transmitting enclosure structures in the prior art.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows, and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions, the device comprising:

[0005] Outdoor environment simulation hot chamber, including solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system and temperature and humidity simulation system;

[0006] The environmental space is set on one side of the outdoor environment simulation thermal chamber in the horizontal direction;

[0007] A heat metering box is arranged horizontally with the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber, and the heat metering box is located in the environmental space;

[0008] The test piece is installed vertically at the interface between the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber and the heat metering box;

[0009] The solar radiation simulation system adjusts the solar radiation intensity according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions, the wind speed simulation system adjusts the wind speed according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions, and the temperature and humidity simulation system adjusts the temperature and humidity according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions.

[0010] Preferably, the solar radiation simulation system includes an artificial light source array, a radiation intensity sensor, a data acquisition controller and a voltage regulating module. The data acquisition controller is electrically connected to the radiation intensity sensor and the voltage regulating module respectively, and the voltage regulating module is electrically connected to the artificial light source array.

[0011] Preferably, the data acquisition controller includes a first signal conditioning circuit, a first data acquisition system and a first control computer, the radiation intensity sensor is electrically connected to the first signal conditioning circuit, the first data acquisition system is electrically connected to the first signal conditioning circuit, and the first control computer is electrically connected to the data acquisition system.

[0012] Preferably, the artificial light source array includes a plurality of long arc xenon lamps.

[0013] Preferably, the wind speed simulation system includes a variable frequency axial flow fan, a wind speed sensor and a wind speed controller. The wind speed controller is electrically connected to the variable frequency axial flow fan, and the wind speed sensor is electrically connected to the wind speed controller.

[0014] Preferably, the variable frequency axial flow fan includes a frequency converter and a fan motor, the frequency converter is electrically connected to the fan, the wind speed controller includes a second control computer, a second data acquisition system and a second signal conditioning circuit, the wind speed sensor is electrically connected to the second signal conditioning circuit, the second signal conditioning circuit is electrically connected to the second data acquisition system, the second control computer is electrically connected to the second data acquisition system, and the second data acquisition system is electrically connected to the frequency converter.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature and humidity simulation system includes several surface coolers, several heaters, several humidifiers, a rotary dehumidifier, a temperature and humidity sensor and a temperature and humidity controller, and the temperature and humidity controller is electrically connected to the surface cooler, heater, humidifier, rotary dehumidifier and temperature and humidity sensor respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the surface cooler includes a first surface cooler and a second surface cooler, and the heater includes a first heater and a second heater. After the airflow passes through the first surface cooler, the first part of the airflow is heated by the first heater, and the second part of the airflow is treated by the second surface cooler and then treated by the rotary dehumidifier. Finally, the first part of the airflow and the second part of the airflow are treated by the second heater and then circulated to the first surface cooler.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows, and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions. The method utilizes the solar heat gain coefficient detection device for doors, windows, and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions described in the first aspect for detection. The method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1: Acquire dynamic meteorological parameters, wherein the dynamic meteorological parameters include preset solar radiation intensity, preset dry-bulb temperature, preset relative humidity, and preset wind speed at each moment;

[0019] S2: controlling the solar radiation simulation system, the wind speed simulation system, and the temperature and humidity simulation system to operate according to the dynamic meteorological parameters to simulate dynamic meteorological conditions;

[0020] S4: Obtain real-time thermal parameters under dynamic meteorological conditions;

[0021] S5: Calculating the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls according to the real-time thermal parameters.

[0022] Preferably, the step S5: calculating the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls according to the real-time thermal parameters includes:

[0023] S51: Calculate the total solar heat gain in the heat metering box through the test piece based on thermal parameters , the calculation formula is: ,in The total amount of solar heat entering the heat metering box through the specimen, in joules (J);

[0024] is the time-dependent heat gain of cooling water, in watts (W);

[0025] The time-related heat transfer through the outer wall of the heat metering box and the specimen frame, in watts (W);

[0026] It is the time-dependent heat dissipation of the fan in the measuring box, in watts (W).

[0027] S52: Calculate the total solar radiation heat incident on the side surface of the specimen in the outdoor environment simulation hot chamber based on thermal parameters ;

[0028] S53: Calculate the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of doors, windows and curtain walls based on the total solar heat gain of the specimen entering the heat metering box and the total solar radiation heat incident on the side surface of the specimen in the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber. .

[0029] Preferably, S1: obtaining dynamic meteorological parameters, wherein the dynamic meteorological parameters include preset solar radiation intensity, preset dry-bulb temperature, preset relative humidity and preset wind speed at each moment, including:

[0030] S11: Generate a standard curve based on historical dynamic meteorological data;

[0031] S12: Obtaining time compression factor;

[0032] S13: generating a time compression curve according to the time compression factor and the standard curve;

[0033] S14: generating dynamic meteorological parameters for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions according to the time compression curve;

[0034] The step S13 of determining the compressed time period corresponding to each standard curve segment according to the time compression factor and the standard curve segmentation includes:

[0035] Determine the solar radiation intensity of each compressed time period according to the total integrated solar radiation heat of each standard curve segment;

[0036] Determine the parameter scaling ratio according to the ratio of the solar radiation intensity of each compressed time period to the solar radiation intensity of the corresponding standard curve segment;

[0037] The time compression curve is determined based on the parameter scaling and the standard curve.

[0038] Beneficial Effects: The present invention's solar heat gain coefficient detection device and method for doors, windows, and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions utilizes a solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system, and temperature and humidity simulation system within an outdoor environment simulation chamber. This system synchronously adjusts irradiance, wind speed, and temperature and humidity according to preset or real-time meteorological curves, enabling multi-parameter dynamic simulation from sunrise to sunset, significantly outperforming traditional steady-state testing. The device's design for the installation and environmental space of the test piece is compatible with various dynamically adjustable enclosure components (such as electrochromic / photochromic glass and intelligent roller blinds). It can capture in real time differences in component thermal transmission performance in response to changing meteorological parameters, providing refined data support for optimizing the energy efficiency of new intelligent building materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the solar heat gain coefficient detection device for doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of the solar radiation simulation system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of the wind speed simulation system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a structural block diagram of the temperature and humidity simulation system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the flow of the solar heat gain coefficient detection method of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of a method for calculating solar heat gain coefficient according to the present invention;

[0046] Parts and their numbers in the picture:

[0047] Outdoor environment simulation hot chamber 30, environmental space 40, test piece 1, artificial light source array 2, radiation intensity sensor 3, data acquisition controller 4, variable frequency axial flow fan 5, wind speed sensor 6, temperature and humidity sensor 7, heater 8, humidifier 9, rotary dehumidifier 10, surface cooler 11, test piece frame 12, heat metering box 13, collector 14, cooling water circulation system 15, temperature sensor 16, flow meter 17, circulating water pump 18, refrigeration unit 19, fan 20, first surface cooler 101, second surface cooler 102, first heater 103, second heater 104. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the term "comprises", "includes" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further limitations, elements defined by the phrase "comprising..." do not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the elements. The embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other if there is no conflict, and all are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a solar heat gain coefficient detection device for doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions, including an outdoor environment simulation heat chamber 30, an environmental space 40, a heat metering box 13 and a test piece 1.

[0051] The outdoor environment simulation chamber 30 includes a solar radiation simulation system, a wind speed simulation system, and a temperature and humidity simulation system. In this embodiment, the outdoor environment simulation chamber 30 is an enclosed space used to reproduce the dynamic outdoor weather environment under laboratory conditions. It simulates solar radiation and can adjust wind speed, temperature, and humidity, effectively acting as a "programmable weather cabin."

[0052] The environmental space 40 of this embodiment includes the test piece 1, the heat metering box 13 and the cooling water circulation system 15. The wall of the heat metering box 13 is made of a homogeneous material, and its thermal resistance value should not be less than 10.0m 2 · K / W. The heat metering box 13 should be insulated.

[0053] The environmental space 40 is disposed horizontally to one side of the outdoor environment simulation chamber 30; the environmental space 40 is used to simulate the interior space of a building. In this embodiment, the environmental space 40 is disposed horizontally to one side of the outdoor environment simulation chamber 30, thereby accurately simulating the environmental positional relationship between the interior and exterior surfaces of a building's doors, windows, and curtain walls.

[0054] The heat metering box 13 and the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber 30 are arranged in a horizontal direction, and the heat metering box 13 is located in the environmental space 40; for example Figure 1 The medium heat meter box 13 is located to the right of the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber 30, which is consistent with the environmental position relationship between the inside and outside of the building's doors, windows and curtain walls. The heat meter box 13 is a box made of uniform thermal insulation material and is used to accurately measure the heat transferred through the specimen. A fan 20 is provided in the heat meter box 13 to ensure uniform air temperature distribution in the heat meter box 13, and the fan 20 is set to ensure that the wind speed on the specimen surface on the heat meter box 13 side is no more than 1m / s. The heat meter box 13 is also equipped with an air cooling device to ensure that the air temperature in the box is within the set range by controlling the cooling water parameters (inlet water temperature, flow rate) and the temperature fluctuation amplitude is no more than 0.5K. The heat meter box 13 is also equipped with a collector 14, which covers the top and bottom surfaces of the heat meter box 13 and the wall facing the specimen. The solar radiation absorption coefficient of the surface of the collector 14 should be greater than or equal to 0.95.

[0055] The test piece 1 is installed vertically at the interface between the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber 30 and the heat metering box 13. In a specific implementation, the test piece 1 can be placed in a test piece frame 12, and then the test piece frame 12 is installed at the interface between the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber 30 and the heat metering box 13. The test piece frame 12 can be a thermally insulated frame (thermal resistance ≥ 10 m²·K / W). After the test piece 1 is installed, the gap between the test piece and the test piece frame 12 should be filled and sealed with polystyrene foam strips, etc., and the open seam of the test piece should be sealed on both sides with aluminum foil tape. By fixing the test piece 1 to the frame and sealing it on both sides, it can be ensured that the heat flow is transmitted only through the test piece.

[0056] The cooling water circulation system 15 primarily consists of a temperature sensor 16, a flow meter 17, a circulating water pump 18, and a refrigeration unit 19. The temperature sensor 16, with an accuracy of ±0.1°C, is located at the water inlet and outlet, respectively, to monitor the temperatures of the inlet and outlet cooling water. The flow meter 17, with an accuracy of no less than 0.5°C, monitors the cooling water flow rate. The circulating water pump 18 and refrigeration unit 19 adjust the heat exchange rate between the air and cooling water within the heat metering box 13 based on feedback from the temperature sensor 16 and flow meter 17 to ensure temperature stability within the heat metering box 13.

[0057] In this embodiment, the solar radiation simulation system adjusts the solar radiation intensity according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions, the wind speed simulation system adjusts the wind speed according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions, and the temperature and humidity simulation system adjusts the temperature and humidity according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions.

[0058] This embodiment simulates dynamic meteorological conditions using the solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system, and temperature and humidity simulation system within the outdoor environment simulation chamber 30. This system can synchronously adjust irradiance, wind speed, temperature and humidity according to preset or real-time meteorological curves, achieving multi-parameter dynamic simulation from sunrise to sunset, significantly outperforming traditional steady-state testing. The device's design for the installation of the test piece 1 and the environmental space 40 is compatible with various dynamically adjustable enclosure components (such as electrochromic / photochromic glass and intelligent sunshade roller blinds). It can capture in real time the differences in thermal transmission performance of components in response to changing meteorological parameters, providing refined data support for optimizing the energy efficiency of new intelligent building materials.

[0059] In this embodiment, the solar radiation simulation system includes an artificial light source array 2, a radiation intensity sensor 3, a data acquisition controller 4, and a voltage regulation module. The data acquisition controller 4 is electrically connected to the radiation intensity sensor 3 and the voltage regulation module, respectively. The voltage regulation module is electrically connected to the artificial light source array 2. The artificial light source array 2 is configured to provide adjustable simulated solar irradiation. The artificial light source array 2 system can utilize long-arc xenon lamps with an irradiance spectral energy distribution close to that of real sunlight, and the lamp array arrangement is configured to meet irradiance uniformity requirements.

[0060] The radiation intensity sensor 3 is used to collect the radiation intensity of the artificial light array 2 in real time and feed it back to the data acquisition controller 4 for comparison with the set irradiance value. In this embodiment, the data acquisition controller 4 serves as the signal and execution hub, receiving sensor feedback and outputting control instructions. The voltage regulation module, based on the analysis results of the data acquisition controller 4, adjusts the voltage to achieve real-time correction of the irradiance, forming a closed-loop feedback control of the solar radiation illuminance.

[0061] like Figure 2The data acquisition controller 4 shown includes a first signal conditioning circuit, a first data acquisition system, and a first control computer. The radiation intensity sensor 3 is electrically connected to the first signal conditioning circuit, the first data acquisition system is electrically connected to the first signal conditioning circuit, and the first control computer is electrically connected to the data acquisition system. The first signal conditioning circuit is used to filter, amplify, and isolate the weak analog signal from the radiation intensity sensor 3 to ensure signal quality. The first data acquisition system converts the conditioned analog signal into measurement data suitable for digital processing through analog-to-digital conversion; the first control computer is used to execute a control algorithm (such as PID or adaptive control) on the collected data and issue a voltage regulation instruction. This embodiment improves signal acquisition accuracy and algorithm execution efficiency through the aforementioned layered and modular data processing and control architecture, ensuring real-time and precise control of the light array output.

[0062] In this embodiment, the wind speed simulation system includes a variable frequency axial flow fan 5, a wind speed sensor 6 and a wind speed controller. The wind speed controller is electrically connected to the variable frequency axial flow fan 5, and the wind speed sensor 6 is electrically connected to the wind speed controller. The frequency converter of the variable frequency axial flow fan 5 can adjust the wind speed, and the wind speed sensor 6 can measure the real-time wind speed. The wind speed controller controls the variable frequency axial flow fan 5 according to the real-time fan 20 detected by the wind speed sensor 6 and the input designated fan 20, thereby simulating the real-time wind speed under dynamic meteorological conditions. When the wind speed required by the test piece 1 changes with the dynamic meteorological conditions, the sensor continuously feeds back the current wind speed, the controller automatically adjusts the frequency converter output frequency, and the fan speed responds immediately to ensure that the output wind speed is highly consistent with the target curve;

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the variable-frequency axial flow fan 5 includes a frequency converter and a fan motor. The frequency converter is connected to the fan motor to generate a wind speed flow field that can be continuously adjusted over a wide range. The wind speed controller includes a second control computer, a second signal conditioning circuit of a second data acquisition system, and a second control computer. The fan motor is electrically connected to the second signal conditioning circuit, the second signal conditioning circuit is electrically connected to the second data acquisition system, the second control computer is electrically connected to the second data acquisition system, and the second data acquisition system is electrically connected to the frequency converter. The second control computer runs a wind speed control algorithm (such as PID or adaptive control) and generates speed control instructions based on the collected data and the target curve.

[0064] In specific implementation, a PID controller can be used to control the wind speed. The PID controller calculates the difference between the sensor and the set value and then adjusts the frequency converter to achieve real-time correction of the wind speed, forming a closed-loop feedback control of the wind speed. The digital signal output by the PID controller can also be converted into an analog signal through a digital-to-analog conversion module to control the speed of the fan.

[0065] In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity simulation system includes a plurality of surface coolers 11, a plurality of heaters 8, a plurality of humidifiers 9, a rotary dehumidifier 10, a temperature and humidity sensor 7, and a temperature and humidity controller. The temperature and humidity controller is electrically connected to the surface coolers 11, heaters 8, humidifiers 9, rotary dehumidifiers 10, and temperature and humidity sensor 7. The temperature and humidity controller can be a PID controller.

[0066] The surface cooler 11 and the heater 8 control the change of the ambient temperature, the humidifier 9 and the rotary dehumidifier 10 control the change of the ambient humidity, the temperature and humidity sensor 7 can measure the real-time temperature and humidity, and the PID controller adjusts the temperature and humidity after calculating the difference between the sensor and the set value to achieve real-time correction of the temperature and humidity, forming a closed-loop feedback control of the temperature and humidity.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, in a specific implementation, the surface cooler includes a first surface cooler 101 and a second surface cooler 102, and the heater includes a first heater 103 and a second heater 104. After the airflow passes through the first surface cooler 101, the first part of the airflow is heated by the first heater 103, and the second part of the airflow is processed by the second surface cooler 102 and then processed by the rotary dehumidifier. Finally, the first part of the airflow and the second part of the airflow are processed by the second heater 104 and then circulated to the first surface cooler 101.

[0068] After being drawn in by the fan, air first passes through the first surface cooler 101. Here, the refrigerant in the cooling coil rapidly lowers the air temperature, causing water vapor to condense on the coil surface, achieving primary dehumidification. This significantly lowers the dew point of the cooled air, laying the foundation for subsequent precise temperature control.

[0069] The air outflow from the first surface cooler 101 is divided into two parts, one of which flows through the first heater 103 to heat the air to the set supply temperature. This not only maintains the dehumidification effect, but also can be transported to the next link at a suitable temperature.

[0070] The other portion undergoes secondary dehumidification in the second surface cooler 102, and then in the rotary dehumidifier for tertiary dehumidification. The highly hydrophilic nature of the rotary dehumidifier absorbs residual moisture from the air, achieving a deeper tertiary dehumidification process and lowering the dew point to an extremely low level. The two treated air streams are then combined and passed through the second heater 104 for tertiary heating. After tertiary heating, the air is drawn back into the fan, completing the cycle.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions. The method uses the solar heat gain coefficient detection device for doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions described in Example 1 to perform detection. Figure 5As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0073] S1: Acquire dynamic meteorological parameters, wherein the dynamic meteorological parameters include preset solar radiation intensity, preset dry-bulb temperature, preset relative humidity, and preset wind speed at each moment;

[0074] During specific implementation, the meteorological parameters can be set based on the time period from sunrise to sunset on a typical summer meteorological day at the location of the test project. The parameters include solar radiation intensity, dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity and wind speed.

[0075] Taking the solar heat gain coefficient test of a specimen used in a building in Guangzhou as an example, the meteorological parameters are set according to JGJ286-2013 "Urban Residential Area Thermal Environment Design Standard" Supplementary Table A.0.1 Parameters for a typical summer meteorological day in Guangzhou from 6:00 to 18:00 Beijing Time.

[0076] S2: controlling the solar radiation simulation system, the wind speed simulation system, and the temperature and humidity simulation system to operate according to the dynamic meteorological parameters to simulate dynamic meteorological conditions;

[0077] The dynamic meteorological parameters of the outdoor environment simulation hot chamber are set according to the meteorological parameters from sunrise to sunset on a typical summer meteorological day in the location of the test project. The parameters include solar radiation intensity, dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and wind speed.

[0078] S4: Obtain real-time thermal parameters under dynamic meteorological conditions;

[0079] Real-time thermal parameters can be detected by various sensors set up in the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber, heat metering box and cooling water system.

[0080] S5: Calculating the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls according to the real-time thermal parameters.

[0081] The solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the total solar heat gain entering the heat metering box through the test piece to the total solar radiation heat incident on the side surface of the test piece in the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber.

[0082] like Figure 6 As shown, in a specific implementation, S5: calculating the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls according to the real-time thermal parameters includes:

[0083] S51: Calculate the total solar heat gain in the heat metering box through the test piece based on manual parameters , the calculation formula is: ,in The total amount of solar heat entering the heat metering box through the specimen, in joules (J); is the time-dependent heat gain of cooling water, in watts (W);

[0084] In this embodiment It can be calculated using the following formula: ;

[0085] ——Cooling water flow rate, in cubic meters per second (m 3 / s);

[0086] ——specific heat capacity of cooling water, in joules per kilogram Kelvin [J / (kg·K)];

[0087] ——Cooling water density, in kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m 3 );

[0088] ——cooling water outlet temperature, in Kelvin (K);

[0089] ——Cooling water inlet temperature, in Kelvin (K);

[0090] In this embodiment is related to the time through the heat metering box outer wall and the specimen frame heat transfer, the unit is watts (W); in the present embodiment It can be calculated using the following formula: ;

[0091] ——the average temperature of the inner surface of the heat metering box wall, in Kelvin (K);

[0092] ——the average temperature of the outer surface of the heat metering box wall, in Kelvin (K);

[0093] ——heat flow coefficient of the heat meter box, in watts per Kelvin (W / K);

[0094] ——the average surface temperature inside the test specimen frame, in Kelvin (K);

[0095] ——the average surface temperature inside the test specimen frame, in Kelvin (K);

[0096] ——The heat flow coefficient of the specimen frame, in watts per Kelvin (W / K).

[0097] This is the time-dependent heat dissipation measured by the fan in the enclosure, expressed in watts (W). It can be measured without irradiation.

[0098] S is the effective area of ​​the specimen, in square meters (m 2 ).

[0099] K is the heat transfer coefficient of the specimen, in watts per square meter Kelvin [W / (m2·K)].

[0100] The temperature difference of the air on both sides of the specimen is related to time, and the unit is Kelvin (K).

[0101] t is the time variable.

[0102] S52: Calculate the total solar radiation heat incident on the side surface of the specimen in the outdoor environment simulation hot chamber based on thermal parameters ;

[0103] in ;

[0104] In the previous formula —— The time-dependent solar radiation intensity per unit area, expressed in watts per square meter (W / m 2 );

[0105] ——Sunrise time;

[0106] ——Sunset time;

[0107] S is the effective area of ​​the specimen, in square meters (m 2 ).

[0108] S53: Calculate the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of doors, windows and curtain walls based on the total solar heat gain of the specimen entering the heat metering box and the total solar radiation heat incident on the side surface of the specimen in the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber. .

[0109] The solar heat gain coefficient detection method for doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions in this embodiment can reproduce a more accurate outdoor meteorological environment, taking into account the influencing factors of changes in solar radiation intensity, temperature and humidity, wind speed, etc., and more realistically simulate the thermal response process of the enclosing structure under natural conditions, thereby improving the actual representativeness and application value of the measurement results.

[0110] The method for calculating the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of doors, windows, and curtain walls in this embodiment utilizes real-time, time-varying thermal parameters. Therefore, it can effectively capture the time-varying thermal performance patterns of dynamically adjustable light-transmitting components such as roll-up film, photochromic glass, and intelligent shading systems. This method is suitable for evaluating the energy efficiency of new, high-performance enclosure systems. Furthermore, this method can generate dynamic SHGC data with high temporal resolution, providing more accurate data support for building energy-saving design.

[0111] The accuracy of solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) measurements for windows, doors, and curtain walls is susceptible to long-term equipment degradation, fluctuating environmental conditions, and human factors. Current testing methods, which rely solely on periodic equipment calibration, cannot eliminate the subtle variations that occur between single or short-term tests. These minor deviations can amplify the impact on measurement results, especially during precise dynamic testing.

[0112] In this regard, this embodiment further includes before S1:

[0113] Install the reference specimen in the specimen frame;

[0114] The reference specimen can be made of ordinary transparent or low-emissivity glass with a clear and stable SHGC that maintains stable performance over the long term. To ensure stability, it can be confirmed by a standardization agency. In this step, the SHGC is measured on the reference specimen before the test piece is measured.

[0115] Control the solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system and temperature and humidity simulation system to operate according to dynamic meteorological parameters to simulate dynamic meteorological conditions;

[0116] This step runs the solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system, and temperature and humidity simulation system according to the preset dynamic meteorological parameters to conduct a complete dynamic test; the dynamic meteorological parameters of this test are the same as the meteorological parameters used in the formal test using the test piece.

[0117] Obtain real-time thermal parameters under dynamic meteorological conditions and calculate the solar heat gain coefficient under the dynamic strip of the reference specimen as pre-test data;

[0118] In this step, the detection device in Example 1 measures the relevant thermal parameters after the reference specimen is installed, and uses the thermal parameters to calculate the solar heat gain coefficient of the reference specimen at each moment. The calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the aforementioned test specimen.

[0119] After obtaining the thermal coefficients related to the reference specimen, the reference specimen can be taken out of the specimen frame so that the formal specimen to be tested can be installed in the specimen frame later.

[0120] After S5, the method further includes:

[0121] Replace the specimen to be tested installed in the specimen frame with the reference specimen;

[0122] In this step, after obtaining the artificial parameters related to the test piece, the test piece is taken out and the same reference test piece is installed in the test piece frame.

[0123] Control the solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system and temperature and humidity simulation system to operate according to dynamic meteorological parameters to simulate dynamic meteorological conditions;

[0124] This step runs the solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system, and temperature and humidity simulation system according to the preset dynamic meteorological parameters to conduct a complete dynamic test; the dynamic meteorological parameters of this test are the same as the meteorological parameters used in the formal test using the test piece.

[0125] The real-time thermal parameters under dynamic meteorological conditions were obtained and the solar heat gain coefficient under the dynamic strip of the reference specimen was calculated as post-test data.

[0126] In this step, the detection device in Example 1 measures the relevant thermal parameters after the reference specimen is installed, and uses the thermal parameters to calculate the solar heat gain coefficient of the reference specimen at each moment. The calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the aforementioned test specimen.

[0127] Obtain the differential value corresponding to each moment based on the pre-measurement data and the post-measurement data;

[0128] ΔSHGCref(t)=SHGCrefa(t)−SHGCrefb(t);

[0129] ΔSHGCref(t) is the correction for environmental drift and equipment error, where SHGCrefb(t) is the pre-measurement data, and SHGCrefa(t) is the post-measurement data. These three quantities are time-varying, meaning that each measurement moment has a corresponding correction for environmental drift and equipment error. When calculating pre-measurement and post-measurement data using the aforementioned formula, each quantity corresponds to the same moment.

[0130] The solar heat gain coefficient of the test piece is corrected according to the difference value.

[0131] The correction formula is: SHGC u (t)=SHGC0(t)−ΔSHGCref(t).

[0132] SHGC u (t) where SHGC0(t) is the solar heat gain coefficient of the test piece after correction, and SHGC0(t) is the solar heat gain coefficient of the test piece before correction.

[0133] During implementation, this embodiment selects standard glass with reliable stability and long-term performance. The SHGC value is kept as close as possible to the typical value range of the test piece to ensure effective error elimination. To effectively offset errors, the time interval between pre- and post-tests should not be too long. Alternate tests are typically performed within the same day to avoid significant environmental changes over time. This embodiment requires consistent timing of recorded dynamic meteorological data, and linear interpolation is used to fill in missing data, ensuring accurate correspondence between pre- and post-test data during differential processing.

[0134] In this embodiment, under the same test conditions, the dynamic thermal parameters of a standard glass (reference specimen) and the DUT are measured before and after. The measurement error baseline of the standard glass is subtracted through point-by-point or periodic interpolation to eliminate the system's short-term environmental changes and aging drift errors. This embodiment uses the aforementioned method to eliminate the effects of equipment and environmental changes during this test, ensuring that the data obtained only reflects the performance of the DUT itself.

[0135] Currently, 1:1 all-weather tests, such as 24-hour dynamic simulations, are time-consuming and inefficient, limiting the need for large-scale testing or rapid evaluation.

[0136] In this regard, in this embodiment, S1: obtaining dynamic meteorological parameters, wherein the dynamic meteorological parameters include preset solar radiation intensity, preset dry-bulb temperature, preset relative humidity, and preset wind speed at each moment, includes:

[0137] Generate a standard curve based on historical dynamic meteorological data;

[0138] A standard curve refers to a mathematical or data description that uses time as the horizontal axis and a certain meteorological parameter (such as solar irradiance, wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity) as the vertical axis to reflect the dynamic changes of the parameter over time in a typical natural day or extreme climate day in a certain area.

[0139] The generation process is as follows: first, a typical meteorological day or an extreme meteorological day is selected as the basic day type; then, the hourly or minute-by-minute meteorological parameters such as solar irradiance, temperature, humidity, and wind speed of that day are extracted from authoritative data sources (such as the Meteorological Bureau or EPW files); then the data is interpolated and smoothed to remove outliers and improve the temporal resolution; finally, with time as the horizontal axis and the various meteorological parameters as the vertical axis, a high-resolution, continuously changing time series curve is formed to control the input of the dynamic simulation system.

[0140] Get the time compression factor;

[0141] Generate a time compression curve based on the time compression factor and the standard curve, including:

[0142] Divide the standard curve into several standard curve segments according to time periods;

[0143] Determine the compression time period corresponding to each standard curve segment according to the time compression factor and the standard curve segment;

[0144] Let the compression factor be , a certain moment of the standard curve is , the corresponding time compression curve is ,in Once the start and end times of the standard curve segments are determined, the start and end times of the corresponding time compression curve are determined according to the aforementioned formula. The time period between the start and end times of the corresponding time compression curve is then used as the corresponding compression time period.

[0145] The solar radiation intensity of each compressed time period is determined based on the total integrated solar radiation heat of each standard curve segment. The total integrated solar radiation heat of each standard curve segment can be calculated using the following formula: ;

[0146] in Wherein is the total integrated amount of solar radiation heat in 24 hours of a standard natural day, is the solar radiation intensity at each time of the standard natural day, is the starting time of the standard curve segment, The end time of the standard curve segment.

[0147] The parameter scaling ratio is determined according to the ratio of the solar radiation intensity in each compressed time period to the solar radiation intensity in the corresponding standard curve segment, including:

[0148] Determine the solar radiation intensity of the corresponding compressed time period according to the solar radiation intensity of each compressed time period;

[0149] The solar radiation intensity during the determined compressed time period satisfies the following formula: in For Solar radiation intensity for compressed time periods for the standard curve segments. is the starting time of the compressed time period, The end time of the compression period.

[0150] The parameter scaling ratio is determined based on the ratio of the solar radiation intensity during the compressed time period to the solar radiation intensity of the corresponding standard curve segment. .

[0151] , is the compression factor.

[0152] Determining a time compression curve according to the parameter scaling ratio and the standard curve includes:

[0153] Obtaining meteorological parameters of the standard curve corresponding to each moment of the compressed time curve;

[0154] For example, on the compression time curve The meteorological parameters of the standard curve corresponding to the time are Meteorological parameters at the time.

[0155] Compression time curve The meteorological parameters at the moment are equal to the standard curve Meteorological parameters and parameter scaling ratios at the time Then, a time compression curve is generated based on the meteorological parameters at each moment of the compressed time curve.

[0156] The time compression curve is generated as follows:

[0157] Get several coordinate points on the time compression curve, where the coordinates of the coordinate points are determined as follows: The horizontal coordinate on the compressed time curve is used as the vertical coordinate, and the value of the meteorological parameter at the corresponding moment calculated previously after scaling is used as the vertical coordinate.

[0158] Then, a time compression curve is formed by fitting the coordinate points using curve fitting. The meteorological parameters in this step are dry-bulb temperature, preset relative humidity, and preset wind speed. When multiple meteorological parameters are present, a corresponding time compression curve is generated for each meteorological parameter.

[0159] Dynamic meteorological parameters for measuring the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows, and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions are generated based on the time compression curve. This method ensures that the total heat integral is consistent with a natural day while avoiding excessive distortion during periods of high radiation intensity.

[0160] In order to ensure that the time compression curve generated in the aforementioned steps meets the capabilities of each simulation system and to avoid the time compression curve exceeding the carrying capacity of each simulation system device, resulting in the inability to accurately reproduce the time compression curve, this embodiment further includes the following steps after generating the time compression curve:

[0161] S01. Evaluate the regulation capability based on the device system parameters to obtain the dynamic output upper limit and change rate limit of each simulation system;

[0162] In this step, based on the rated capacities of the solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system, and temperature and humidity simulation system, the following control parameters can be extracted: maximum output value (such as maximum irradiation intensity, maximum wind speed, maximum temperature rise / fall rate, etc.), minimum adjustment time constant (such as PID response time, wind speed adjustment delay, refrigeration and dehumidification heat exchange time), and stable operation range, to obtain the maximum change amplitude and slope limit that can be achieved by each system in unit time.

[0163] S02. Perform a feasibility comparison analysis based on the time compression curve and the maximum change amplitude and slope limit to obtain the feasibility status and risk warning of each curve segment;

[0164] This step compares the previously generated time-compressed meteorological curve with the dynamic output upper limit and change rate limit obtained in S01, and determines whether the irradiance, wind speed, temperature and humidity in each time period exceed the dynamic output upper limit and / or change rate limit of the system capability, marks the exceeded sections, and determines whether there are unachievable fluctuation sections or control dead zones, and outputs the operability level of the time-compressed curve for each time period under the current system capability.

[0165] S03. Based on the feasibility comparison and analysis results, the time compression curve is modified and restricted to obtain an executable time compression curve, including:

[0166] Get the segments that do not meet the system capabilities;

[0167] The excess solar irradiance of the section where the irradiance peak exceeds the system capacity boundary value is compensated to the remaining sections, thereby performing smoothing treatment on the section or releasing the compressed energy with hysteresis;

[0168] Extend the operating time of the stage where the wind speed and temperature and humidity change slopes exceed the operating range, reduce the wind speed and temperature and humidity change slopes, thereby reducing the change speed and extending the transition time while retaining the original target value;

[0169] The uncontrollable interval is dynamically re-segmented, including re-planning the compression factor, until each parameter in the time series falls within the controllable range of the system, and finally an executable time compression curve that meets the equipment operating conditions is generated.

[0170] S04. Perform system loading and closed-loop verification based on the corrected compression curve to obtain a control instruction set for a formal dynamic simulation test.

[0171] In this step, the corrected executable compression curve is input as the control target value into the main control program of each subsystem, such as the light source array, fan, surface cooler, heater, humidifier, etc.; the system is preheated or a full-process no-load simulation is performed, and the feedback value is collected and compared with the set target value in real time to verify whether the system can stably operate in a closed loop following the control curve; if the feedback error meets the set threshold (e.g., within ±5%), the compression curve is confirmed to be stable, and finally the control instruction sequence officially used for dynamic thermal response testing is obtained.

[0172] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions, characterized in that: include: Outdoor environment simulation hot chamber, including solar radiation simulation system, wind speed simulation system and temperature and humidity simulation system; The environmental space is set on one side of the outdoor environment simulation thermal chamber in the horizontal direction; A heat metering box is arranged horizontally with the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber, and the heat metering box is located in the environmental space; The test piece is installed vertically at the interface between the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber and the heat metering box; The solar radiation simulation system adjusts the solar radiation intensity according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions, the wind speed simulation system adjusts the wind speed according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions, and the temperature and humidity simulation system adjusts the temperature and humidity according to the received dynamic meteorological conditions; the solar radiation simulation system includes an artificial light source lamp array, a radiation intensity sensor, a data acquisition controller and a voltage regulating module, the data acquisition controller is electrically connected to the radiation intensity sensor and the voltage regulating module respectively, and the voltage regulating module is electrically connected to the artificial light source lamp array; The data acquisition controller includes a first signal conditioning circuit, a first data acquisition system and a first control computer, the radiation intensity sensor is electrically connected to the first signal conditioning circuit, the first data acquisition system is electrically connected to the first signal conditioning circuit, and the first control computer is electrically connected to the first data acquisition system; The wind speed simulation system includes a variable frequency axial flow fan, a wind speed sensor and a wind speed controller, wherein the wind speed controller is electrically connected to the variable frequency axial flow fan, and the wind speed sensor is electrically connected to the wind speed controller; The temperature and humidity simulation system includes several surface coolers, several heaters, several humidifiers, a rotary dehumidifier, a temperature and humidity sensor and a temperature and humidity controller. The temperature and humidity controller is electrically connected to the surface cooler, heater, humidifier, rotary dehumidifier and temperature and humidity sensor respectively. The surface cooler includes a first surface cooler and a second surface cooler. The heater includes a first heater and a second heater. After the air flow passes through the first surface cooler, the first part of the air flow is heated by the first heater, and the second part of the air flow is heated by the second surface cooler and then by the rotary dehumidifier. Finally, the first part of the air flow and the second part of the air flow are processed by the second heater and then circulated to the first surface cooler.

2. The solar heat gain coefficient detection device for doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The artificial light source lamp array includes a plurality of long arc xenon lamps.

3. The solar heat gain coefficient detection device for doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable frequency axial flow fan includes a frequency converter and a fan motor, the frequency converter is connected to the fan motor, the wind speed controller includes a second control computer, a second data acquisition system and a second signal conditioning circuit, the wind speed sensor is electrically connected to the second signal conditioning circuit, the second signal conditioning circuit is electrically connected to the second data acquisition system, the second control computer is electrically connected to the second data acquisition system, and the second data acquisition system is electrically connected to the frequency converter.

4. A method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions, characterized in that: The solar heat gain coefficient detection device for doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used for detection, and the method comprises the following steps: S1: Acquire dynamic meteorological parameters, wherein the dynamic meteorological parameters include preset solar radiation intensity, preset dry-bulb temperature, preset relative humidity, and preset wind speed at each moment; S2: controlling the solar radiation simulation system, the wind speed simulation system, and the temperature and humidity simulation system to operate according to the dynamic meteorological parameters to simulate dynamic meteorological conditions; S3: Obtain real-time thermal parameters under dynamic meteorological conditions; S4: Calculating the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls according to the real-time thermal parameters.

5. The method for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S4: calculating the solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls according to the real-time thermal parameters includes: S41: Calculate the total solar heat gain entering the heat metering box through the test piece based on thermal parameters , the calculation formula is: ,in The total amount of solar heat entering the heat metering box through the specimen, in joules J; The heat gain of cooling water related to time, in watts W; The time-related heat transfer through the outer wall of the heat metering box and the specimen frame, in watts W; The heat dissipation of the fan in the heat meter box related to time, in watts W; S is the effective area of ​​the specimen, in square meters 2 ; K is the heat transfer coefficient of the specimen, in watts per square meter Kelvin W / (m 2 K); is the time-dependent air temperature difference on both sides of the specimen, in Kelvin (K); t is the time variable; S42: Calculate the total solar radiation heat incident on the side surface of the specimen in the outdoor environment simulation hot chamber based on thermal parameters ; S43: Calculate the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of doors, windows and curtain walls based on the total solar heat gain of the specimen entering the heat metering box and the total solar radiation heat incident on the side surface of the specimen in the outdoor environment simulation heat chamber, where .

6. The method for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: S1: Acquire dynamic meteorological parameters, which include preset solar radiation intensity, preset dry-bulb temperature, preset relative humidity, and preset wind speed at each moment: S11: Generate a standard curve based on historical dynamic meteorological data; S12: Obtaining time compression factor; S13: generating a time compression curve according to the time compression factor and the standard curve; S14: generating dynamic meteorological parameters for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of doors, windows and curtain walls under dynamic meteorological conditions according to the time compression curve; The step S13 of determining the compressed time period corresponding to each standard curve segment according to the time compression factor and the standard curve segmentation includes: Determine the solar radiation intensity of each compressed time period according to the total integrated solar radiation heat of each standard curve segment; Determine the parameter scaling ratio according to the ratio of the solar radiation intensity of each compressed time period to the solar radiation intensity of the corresponding standard curve segment; The time compression curve is determined based on the parameter scaling and the standard curve.

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