Pressure sensing ureter guiding sheath

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical apparatus and instruments, in particular to a pressure sensing ureter guiding sheath which comprises a flexible sheath tube body provided with a near-end operation section and a far-end intervention section. The annular pressure sensing array is formed by equidistantly arranging a plurality of piezoresistive sensors along the circumferential direction of the far-end intervention section, and is used for monitoring the ureter wall contact pressure in real time; the signal processing module is integrated on the near-end operation section and is used for carrying out dynamic noise filtering and baseline calibration on the pressure signals from the annular pressure sensing array; and the display screen is connected to the signal processing module and is used for displaying the pressure distribution of the annular pressure sensing array in real time. The scheme is used for solving the problem of mechanical trauma caused by inappropriate size selection, pathological or physiological stenosis and the like in the sheathing canal implantation process in the prior art, and real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the ureter wall contact pressure are realized, so that the surgical risk is reduced, and the surgical success rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to a pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath. Background Art

[0002] In minimally invasive surgery for upper urinary tract calculi, the ureteral access sheath (UAS) is a key instrument. Its core functions include establishing a continuous perfusion channel to maintain a low renal pelvic pressure during the operation, reducing the risk of mechanical injury to the urothelium caused by repeated insertion and removal of the ureteroscope, and promoting the discharge of lithotripsy particles to shorten the operation time.

[0003] However, despite its indispensable role in the operation, clinical practice shows that approximately 15% - 22% of the complications related to ureteroscope surgery are due to mechanical trauma during the sheath insertion process. These complications include mucosal avulsion and false passage formation, etc., which are particularly significant in certain high-risk situations.

[0004] For example, improper selection of the sheath size, where the diameter of the sheath does not match the anatomical structure of the patient's ureteral lumen (such as using a Fr12 sheath for a congenitally stenotic ureter); pathological lumen stenosis, commonly seen in ureteral polyps, post-radiation fibrosis or inflammatory scar contracture; and difficulty in breaking through the physiological stenosis segment, especially at the ureterovesical junction (UVJ) and the pelvic segment of the ureter, which is difficult to insert smoothly due to the inherent elastic resistance. The above problems reflect the limitations of the current technology in adapting to the anatomical structure differences of different patients. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath to solve the problem of mechanical trauma caused by improper size selection, pathological or physiological stenosis, etc. during the sheath insertion process in the prior art, and to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the contact pressure on the ureteral wall, thereby reducing the surgical risk and improving the surgical success rate.

[0006] The present invention provides a pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath, including: a flexible sheath body provided with a proximal operation section and a distal intervention section; an annular pressure sensing array composed of a plurality of piezoresistive sensors arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction of the distal intervention section for real-time monitoring of the contact pressure on the ureteral wall; a signal processing module integrated in the proximal operation section for dynamically filtering noise and calibrating the baseline of the pressure signals from the annular pressure sensing array; and a display screen connected to the signal processing module for real-time display of the pressure distribution of the annular pressure sensing array.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the piezoresistive sensor is covered with a medical-grade silicone encapsulation layer.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing module includes a temperature compensation unit for eliminating signal drift of the sensor caused by body temperature.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic noise filtering adopts a sliding window mean filtering algorithm, and the window length is adaptively adjusted according to the advancing speed of the guiding sheath.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing module further includes a wireless transmission unit for transmitting the pressure information to an external terminal through a wireless protocol.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the flexible sheath body is made of a biocompatible material; the distal intervention section includes a plurality of serpentine joints, and the bending angle is controlled by connecting between joints through nitinol wires.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the distal intervention section is adjustable; the proximal operation section is provided with a knob mechanism for controlling the radial expansion amplitude of the sheath wall of the distal intervention section.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring data of the annular pressure sensing array is used to generate a stenosis segment positioning model of the ureter; the output result of the stenosis segment positioning model is used for fusion display with DICOM image data.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the proximal operation section is internally provided with a storage unit for recording the pressure waveform data of the whole surgical process.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the display screen is integrated with an alarm module for triggering an audible and visual alarm when the pressure signal of any one of the piezoresistive sensors exceeds a preset threshold; and / or, the display screen dynamically displays the pressure distribution of the annular pressure sensing array in the form of a heat map, and different pressure intervals respectively correspond to differentiated color gradient identifications.

[0016] The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath provided by the present invention realizes real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the contact pressure on the ureteral wall through a signal processing module integrated in the proximal operating section and a display screen connected thereto. Specifically, the guiding sheath includes a flexible sheath body provided with a proximal operating section and a distal intervening section, and a circular pressure sensing array composed of a number of piezoresistive sensors is arranged at equal circumferential intervals in the distal intervening section for real-time monitoring of the contact pressure on the ureteral wall. When the sheath encounters situations such as improper size selection, pathological or physiological stenosis during the insertion process, these sensors can immediately capture abnormal pressure changes, and perform dynamic noise filtering and baseline calibration through the signal processing module to ensure the accuracy of the data. Subsequently, the processed pressure distribution information will be displayed in real time on the display screen, enabling the doctor to intuitively understand the contact situation between the sheath and the ureteral wall, timely adjust the operation strategy, and avoid complications such as mucosal avulsion and false passage formation caused by mechanical trauma. This design not only solves the problem of the risk of sheath insertion in the prior art, but also greatly improves the safety and success rate of the operation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible sheath body of the pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath provided by the present invention.

[0019] Reference Signs: 110, proximal operating section; 120, distal intervening section; 121, piezoresistive sensor. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present invention with reference to the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0022] The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath provided by the present invention realizes the dynamic perception of the contact stress distribution and magnitude on the ureteral wall by circumferentially and equidistantly arranging a number of piezoresistive sensors on the distal interventional segment of the traditional ureteral guiding sheath to form a ring-shaped pressure sensing array. When the sheath travels in the ureteral lumen, these sensors can capture in real time the radial stress changes generated by the contact between the ureteral wall and the surface of the sheath tube, solving the technical problem of the lack of effective tools for detecting the contact stress between the sheath tube and the ureteral wall during catheter placement. The signal processing module integrated in the proximal operating segment performs dynamic noise filtering and baseline calibration on the collected pressure signals, and transmits the processed digital electrical signals to the display screen, enabling the operator to monitor the contact pressure between the sheath tube and the ureteral wall in real time. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath not only overcomes the mechanical trauma problems caused by inappropriate selection of the sheath tube size, pathological or physiological stenosis, but also helps the doctor adjust the operation strategy in a timely manner by providing intuitive pressure distribution information, thus significantly reducing the surgical risk and improving the surgical success rate.

[0023] The following is combined with Figure 1 to describe the specific implementation manners of the pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath of the present invention.

[0024] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath, comprising: a flexible sheath body provided with a proximal operation section 110 and a distal intervention section 120; an annular pressure-sensing array composed of a plurality of piezoresistive sensors 121 arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction of the distal intervention section 120 for real-time monitoring of the contact pressure of the ureteral wall; a signal processing module integrated in the proximal operation section 110 for dynamically filtering noise and calibrating the baseline of the pressure signals from the annular pressure-sensing array; and a display screen connected to the signal processing module for real-time display of the pressure distribution of the annular pressure-sensing array. In an actual application scenario, when a doctor inserts the guiding sheath into a patient's ureter, the piezoresistive sensors 121 distributed on the distal intervention section 120 can sense the pressure changes generated by contact with the ureteral wall in real time and convert these physical pressures into electrical signals. These signals are precisely processed by the signal processing module to remove possible noise interference and calibrate the baseline to ensure accurate data. Finally, the processed pressure distribution information is clearly displayed to the doctor through the display screen, enabling the doctor to intuitively understand the contact state between the sheath and the ureteral wall during the operation, so as to timely adjust the operation method to avoid injuries caused by excessive pressure or mispositioning.

[0025] Furthermore, the above-mentioned pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath can increase the number of sensors or optimize their layout according to requirements to improve the accuracy and coverage of pressure detection. In addition, artificial intelligence algorithms can be introduced to analyze the collected data, automatically identify potential risk areas and give warnings or suggestions. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath can also adopt a wireless transmission function, enabling the operator to monitor the pressure situation without relying on direct wiring, enhancing the flexibility and convenience of the operation. In addition, the technology can also be considered for application in other endoscopic examination or treatment fields, such as the gastrointestinal tract and the cardiovascular system, to expand its application scope.

[0026] According to a pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath of the present invention, the surface of the piezoresistive sensor 121 is preferably covered with a medical-grade silicone encapsulation layer. Specifically, the encapsulation layer can not only protect the piezoresistive sensor 121 from body fluid erosion and mechanical damage, extend the service life of the sensor, but also ensure the softness and biocompatibility when the sensor contacts the ureteral wall, reducing the irritation and potential damage to the tissues in the patient's body. The medical-grade silicone encapsulation layer has good elasticity and flexibility and can deform with the natural curvature of the ureter, thus not affecting the accurate perception of the contact pressure of the sensor on the ureteral wall. In addition, the encapsulation material also has excellent chemical stability and biological inertness, avoiding allergic reactions or other adverse biological effects caused by the material, and further improving the safety of the operation and the comfort of the patient.

[0027] A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to the present invention, the signal processing module includes a temperature compensation unit for eliminating signal drift caused by body temperature in the sensor. Specifically, the ambient temperature in the human body is relatively stable and close to body temperature (about 37 °C). Such temperature conditions may cause changes in the electrical characteristics of the piezoresistive sensor 121, thereby causing drift in the measurement signal and affecting the accuracy of pressure monitoring. To solve this problem, the temperature compensation unit can monitor the operating temperature of the sensor in real time and make corresponding adjustments and corrections to the pressure signal according to the measured temperature data. The unit obtains the current ambient temperature information through a built-in temperature sensor, and then uses a preset algorithm model to calculate the signal offset caused by temperature changes, and automatically compensates the original pressure signal to ensure accurate and stable contact pressure readings even under body temperature conditions. In view of this, the pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath of the present invention can maintain a highly accurate pressure monitoring ability in different patient body environments, improving the reliability and safety during the operation.

[0028] A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to the present invention, the dynamic noise filtering of the signal processing module preferably adopts a sliding window mean filtering algorithm, and the window length is adaptively adjusted according to the advancing speed of the guiding sheath. Specifically, when the doctor advances or withdraws the guiding sheath during the operation, the change in its speed will affect the stability of the pressure data collected by the sensor. Rapid advancement may result in more transient noise and data fluctuations, while slow movement may produce less but more persistent signal interference. To effectively address these situations, the sliding window mean filtering algorithm smooths the signal by calculating the average value of the data within a specific time window, reducing the impact of noise.

[0029] The key to the sliding window mean filtering algorithm lies in the selection of the window length: the window length is not fixed, but is adaptively adjusted according to the actual advancing speed of the guiding sheath. For example, during the high-speed advancement stage, the system will select a shorter window length to more quickly respond to pressure changes and filter out transient high-frequency noise; while under low-speed or static conditions, the system will automatically extend the window length to enhance the smoothing effect of the signal, ensuring that the true pressure change trend can be accurately captured without being affected by accidental low-frequency interference. Through this intelligent adjustment mechanism, stable and reliable contact pressure readings can be provided regardless of the operating speed, thereby improving the safety and success rate of the operation.

[0030] A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to the present invention, the signal processing module further includes a wireless transmission unit for transmitting the pressure information to an external terminal through a wireless protocol. Specifically, the wireless transmission unit enables the surgeon to monitor the ureteral wall contact pressure without being restricted by physical wiring. First, the pressure signals from the annular pressure sensing array are preprocessed, including dynamic noise filtering and baseline calibration, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. Then, the processed pressure data is converted into a format suitable for wireless transmission and sent to an external terminal, such as a tablet computer, a smart phone, or a specially designed workstation, using technologies such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or a dedicated medical device wireless communication protocol (such as IEEE 802.15.4).

[0031] The wireless transmission mechanism not only simplifies the wiring problem in the operating room environment, reduces the operational inconvenience that may be caused by wire entanglement or pulling, but also supports multi-device synchronous data reception, facilitating team collaboration and remote monitoring. In addition, by combining with the application software of the external terminal, more complex data analysis functions can be realized, such as real-time display of the pressure distribution map, recording of historical data, and provision of warning information, etc., further assisting the doctor to make more accurate judgments and decisions.

[0032] A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to the present invention, the flexible sheath body is made of biocompatible materials; the distal intervention section 120 includes a plurality of serpentine joints, and the joints are connected by nitinol wires to control the bending angle. Specifically, the flexible sheath body is made of biocompatible materials, such as medical-grade polyurethane or silicone. These materials not only have good flexibility and durability, but also can reduce the irritation and damage to the surrounding tissues, ensuring the safety of the patient. The serpentine joint structure of the distal intervention section 120 (not shown in the figure) is used to improve the operation flexibility and accuracy. Each serpentine joint is carefully designed to allow a certain degree of independent movement, while adjacent joints are connected by nitinol wires (a material with shape memory function and superelastic characteristics). The application of nitinol wires enables the guiding sheath to make fine angle adjustments when needed and to return to its original shape, which is crucial for passing through complex urinary system paths.

[0033] In practical applications, the doctor can adjust the tension of the nitinol wires by manipulating the proximal operating device, thereby controlling the bending angle of the distal intervention section 120 to more accurately reach the target position and avoid obstacles. This not only improves the accuracy of the surgery, reduces the potential harm to the surrounding tissues, but also enhances the safety and effectiveness of the whole process.

[0034] A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to the present invention has an adjustable diameter for the distal intervention section 120; the proximal operation section 110 is provided with a knob mechanism for controlling the radial expansion amplitude of the sheath wall of the distal intervention section 120. Specifically, this adjustable mechanism allows the doctor to flexibly adjust the diameter of the guiding sheath according to the specific anatomical structure of the patient and the surgical requirements, so as to adapt to ureteral lumens of different sizes and reduce the risk of damage to the ureteral wall. The distal intervention section 120 preferably adopts a dilatable sheath wall structure, which can achieve dynamic adjustment of the diameter while maintaining sufficient strength and flexibility.

[0035] In practical applications, the doctor can precisely control the radial expansion amplitude of the distal intervention section 120 by rotating the knob mechanism on the proximal operation section 110. The knob mechanism is connected to the distal intervention section 120 through a mechanical transmission structure. When the knob is rotated, it will drive a series of internal components (such as steel wires or elastic elements), thereby causing the sheath wall to expand outward or contract inward, enabling the doctor to finely adjust the diameter of the distal intervention section 120. When encountering a narrow site, the doctor can appropriately reduce the diameter of the distal intervention section 120 to more easily pass through the narrow area and avoid unnecessary pressure or damage to the ureteral wall; while in the case where increased support force or space is required, the diameter can be increased to provide better channel stability and working space.

[0036] A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to the present invention, the monitoring data of the annular pressure sensing array is used to generate a stenosis segment positioning model of the ureter; the output result of the stenosis segment positioning model is used for fusion display with DICOM image data. When the guiding sheath travels in the ureter, the piezoresistive sensors 121 distributed circumferentially on the distal intervention section 120 collect contact pressure data in real time, which not only reflects the contact situation between the sheath tube and the ureteral wall, but also can identify possible stenosis segments by analyzing the pressure changes at different positions.

[0037] Specifically, by processing and analyzing the data from the annular pressure sensing array, a detailed stenosis segment positioning model can be constructed. This model uses algorithms to identify abnormal high-pressure regions, which often indicate stenosis points or obstruction positions in the ureter. The algorithm can accurately locate the position and relative length of the stenosis segment by comparing the differences between the readings of each sensor, detecting suddenly increased pressure values, etc. Next, in order to further enhance the value of diagnostic information, the output result of the stenosis segment positioning model can be fused and displayed with the DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) image data of the patient. For example, high-resolution anatomical images obtained from CT scans, MRI or other imaging techniques will be combined with real-time pressure monitoring data and presented on the same display screen. The doctor can intuitively see the pressure distribution map marked with the specific position of the potential stenosis segment while viewing the traditional medical images.

[0038] A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to the present invention has a storage unit built into the proximal operating section 110 for recording the pressure waveform data throughout the operation. In practical applications, when a doctor performs a surgical operation, the piezoresistive sensor 121 captures the changes in the contact pressure of the ureteral wall in real time and converts these physical signals into electrical signals. After the signal processing module performs preprocessing steps such as dynamic noise filtering and baseline calibration on the original pressure signal, the processed data is sent to the built-in storage unit for storage, which can not only monitor the pressure situation in real time through the display screen during the operation, but also retrospectively analyze the pressure waveforms during the entire process after the operation.

[0039] For example, when encountering complications or needing to evaluate the surgical effect, the doctor can refer to the stored waveform data to understand in detail the pressure change trend during the operation and identify any abnormal high-pressure areas or sudden pressure fluctuations. This helps the doctor better understand the problems that may occur during the operation and their causes, thereby improving future surgical strategies.

[0040] A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to the present invention has an alarm module integrated into the display screen for triggering an audible and visual alarm when the pressure signal of any piezoresistive sensor 121 exceeds a preset threshold. The alarm module monitors the real-time data of all piezoresistive sensors 121 through the set pressure threshold. Once the pressure value detected by a certain sensor exceeds the preset safe range, the alarm module will immediately trigger an alarm, notifying the doctor through sound (such as a beeping sound) and visual cues (such as flashing lights or warning signs on the screen). This immediate feedback mechanism can help the doctor quickly identify potential risks, such as tissue damage caused by excessive contact pressure, and take timely measures to make adjustments, thus avoiding the occurrence of complications.

[0041] On the other hand, the display screen preferably dynamically displays the pressure distribution of the annular pressure sensing array in the form of a heat map, with different pressure ranges corresponding to different color gradient identifications. Different pressure ranges are given different color gradient identifications, enabling the doctor to clearly see the pressure conditions on the entire contact surface between the sheath and the ureteral wall at a glance. For example, lower pressures may be represented by blue, and as the pressure value increases, the color gradually changes to green, yellow, and finally red, representing the highest pressure areas. This method not only improves the efficiency of information transmission but also enables even subtle pressure changes to be clearly observed, helping the doctor to more precisely control the operation technique.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "way", "specific way", or "some ways", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or way are included in at least one embodiment or way of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or way. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or ways. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or ways described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or ways.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath, characterized in that, include: A flexible sheath body is provided with a proximal operation section (110) and a distal intervention section (120); An annular pressure sensing array, composed of a plurality of piezoresistive sensors (121) arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the distal intervention section (120), for real-time monitoring of ureter wall contact pressure; A signal processing module, integrated in the proximal operating section (110), for performing dynamic noise filtering and baseline calibration on the pressure signal from the annular pressure sensing array; A display screen is connected to the signal processing module and is used to display the pressure distribution of the annular pressure sensor array in real time.

2. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to claim 1, wherein The surface of the piezoresistive sensor (121) is covered with a medical-grade silicone packaging layer.

3. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to claim 1, wherein The signal processing module includes a temperature compensation unit for eliminating the signal drift of the sensor caused by body temperature.

4. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to claim 1, wherein The dynamic noise filtering adopts a sliding window mean filtering algorithm, and the window length is adaptively adjusted according to the advancement speed of the guide sheath.

5. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal processing module also includes a wireless transmission unit for transmitting the pressure information to an external terminal via a wireless protocol.

6. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to claim 1, wherein The flexible sheath body is made of biocompatible material; The distal intervention segment (120) comprises a plurality of serpentine joints, and each joint is connected by a nickel-titanium alloy wire to achieve bending angle control.

7. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to claim 1, wherein The diameter of the distal intervention section (120) is adjustable; The proximal operating section (110) is provided with a knob mechanism for controlling the radial expansion amplitude of the sheath wall of the distal intervention section (120).

8. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The monitoring data of the annular pressure sensing array is used to generate a ureteral stricture segment positioning model; The output result of the stenosis segment positioning model is used for fusion display with DICOM image data.

9. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The proximal operating section (110) has a built-in storage unit for recording pressure waveform data throughout the entire surgical procedure.

10. The pressure-sensing ureteral guiding sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The display screen is integrated with an alarm module, which is used to trigger an audible and visual alarm when the pressure signal of any of the piezoresistive sensors (121) exceeds a preset threshold; And / or, the display screen dynamically displays the pressure distribution of the annular pressure sensor array in the form of a heat map, and different pressure intervals correspond to differentiated color gradient labels.

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