Method and system for reinforcing and protecting surface mine slope

Abstract

The invention provides a surface mine slope reinforcement and protection method and system, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining geological parameters of a surface mine slope; constructing a finite element model of the surface mine slope according to the geological parameters of the surface mine slope; determining the safety coefficient of the surface mine slope through a finite element strength reduction method; judging whether the safety coefficient is greater than a safety threshold; if yes, determining that the surface mine slope is in a stable state without reinforcement; otherwise, determining that the surface mine slope is in a dangerous state and needs to be reinforced, and entering the next step; generating a plurality of reinforcement protection schemes; loading a reinforcement protection scheme into the finite element model of the surface mine slope; determining the safety coefficient and the potential sliding surface of the surface mine slope after the reinforcement protection scheme is loaded; and performing multi-objective optimization to determine an optimal reinforcement protection scheme by taking the improvement of the safety coefficient, the reduction of the potential sliding surface area and the reduction of the reinforcement cost as objectives.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to a method and system for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines. Background Art

[0002] The reinforcement and protection of open-pit mine slopes aims to prevent geological disasters such as landslides, ensure the safety of personnel and equipment, optimize the development efficiency of mineral resources, and extend the service life of the mine; by reducing environmental damage, controlling soil erosion, and implementing ecological restoration, it achieves a balance between economic benefits and ecological protection, meets the requirements of safety and environmental protection regulations, and promotes the sustainable development of the mine.

[0003] For the reinforcement and protection of open-pit mine slopes, there are mainly methods such as cable anchor reinforcement, shotcrete, retaining wall, and vegetation slope protection. Cable anchor reinforcement is a method of enhancing slope stability by installing high-strength steel cables (cable anchors) inside the slope, fixing one end of the cable anchor in the stable rock mass inside the slope, and the other end on the slope surface. Shotcrete is a method of directly spraying a concrete mixture onto the slope surface through high-pressure spraying equipment to form a protective layer to enhance slope stability and prevent weathering and erosion. A retaining wall is a method of building a wall at the bottom or specific positions of the slope to support unstable soil masses and prevent the soil from slipping. Vegetation slope protection is a method of planting plants on the slope surface and using the roots of the plants to fix the soil and improve slope stability.

[0004] However, regardless of the reinforcement and protection method adopted, the reinforcement and protection plan is often determined empirically based on expert experience, historical cases, and geological survey results through on-site investigation and slope stability analysis. It is time-consuming and laborious, and is easily affected by subjective factors such as expert experience and judgment criteria, resulting in an inaccurate reinforcement and protection plan and potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems that determining the reinforcement and protection plan based on expert experience is time-consuming and laborious, and is easily affected by subjective factors such as expert experience and judgment criteria, resulting in an inaccurate reinforcement and protection plan and potential safety hazards, the present invention provides a method and system for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines.

[0006] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] First aspect:

[0008] A method for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0009] S1: Obtain the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope;

[0010] S2: Construct a finite element model of the open-pit mine slope according to the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope;

[0011] S3: Determine the safety factor of the open-pit mine slope by the finite element strength reduction method;

[0012] S4: Judge whether the safety factor is greater than the safety threshold; if so, determine that the open-pit mine slope is in a stable state and no reinforcement is required; otherwise, determine that the open-pit mine slope is in a dangerous state and needs reinforcement, and proceed to the next step;

[0013] S5: Generate multiple reinforcement and protection plans;

[0014] S6: Load the reinforcement and protection plan into the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope;

[0015] S7: Determine the safety factor and the potential slip surface of the open-pit mine slope after loading the reinforcement and protection plan;

[0016] S8: Perform multi-objective optimization with the goals of improving the safety factor, reducing the area of the potential slip surface, and reducing the reinforcement cost, and determine the optimal reinforcement and protection plan.

[0017] Second aspect:

[0018] An open-pit mine slope reinforcement and protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0019] A processor;

[0020] A memory, on which computer-readable instructions are stored, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method for open-pit mine slope reinforcement and protection as described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0021] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention at least include:

[0022] In the present invention, multiple reinforcement and protection plans are automatically generated. With the help of finite element analysis technology, the safety factor and the potential slip surface of the open-pit mine slope after loading the reinforcement and protection plan are determined. Furthermore, with the goals of improving the safety factor, reducing the area of the potential slip surface, and reducing the reinforcement cost, multi-objective optimization is performed to automatically determine the optimal reinforcement and protection plan, without the need to manually determine it based on expert experience, which saves time and effort. At the same time, it avoids the influence of subjective factors, improves the accuracy of the reinforcement and protection plan, and improves the safety of the open-pit mine slope. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a system for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The following describes the technical solutions in the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "example" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Exactly speaking, the use of the word "example" aims to present concepts in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one of the two.

[0028] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Refer to the attached Figure 1 , which shows a schematic flow chart of a method for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines. This method can be implemented by equipment for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines, and the equipment for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines can be a terminal or a server. The processing flow of the method for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines can include the following steps:

[0031] S1: Obtain the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope.

[0032] Optionally, the geological parameters include rock mass physical and mechanical parameters (such as density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, shear strength parameters, etc.), joint and structural plane parameters (such as joint distribution, joint mechanical parameters, structural plane characteristics, etc.), hydrogeological parameters (such as groundwater level, permeability coefficient, pore water pressure), and terrain parameters (such as slope geometric shape), etc.

[0033] S2: Construct a finite element model of the open-pit mine slope according to the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope.

[0034] Specifically, a geometric model of the open-pit mine slope can be constructed according to the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope. Then, the geometric model of the open-pit mine slope is divided into elements, and boundary conditions are set. After that, geotechnical mechanical parameters are assigned to each element, and initial stresses are set to form a finite element model.

[0035] S3: Determine the safety factor of the open-pit mine slope by the finite element strength reduction method.

[0036] Among them, the finite element strength reduction method (FSRM) is a numerical analysis method used to evaluate slope stability. This method calculates the safety factor of the slope by gradually reducing the shear strength parameters of geotechnical materials until the slope reaches the critical stable state. The finite element strength reduction method combines the accuracy of finite element analysis and the intuitiveness of the strength reduction method, and is widely used in slope engineering, geotechnical engineering and other fields.

[0037] Specifically, finite element analysis is performed on the finite element model to calculate the stress and displacement distributions of the slope in the natural state. Through the strength reduction factor, the shear strength parameters of geotechnical materials are gradually reduced, usually the cohesion and the internal friction angle. After each reduction of the strength parameters, finite element analysis is performed again to calculate the new stress and displacement distributions. The strength reduction factor is gradually increased until the slope reaches the critical stable state, that is, obvious plastic deformation or sudden increase in displacement occurs in the slope. The reduction factor when the slope reaches the critical stable state is used as the safety factor of the slope. The larger the safety factor, the more stable the slope.

[0038] S4: Judge whether the safety factor is greater than the safety threshold. If so, determine that the open-pit mine slope is in a stable state and no reinforcement is required. Otherwise, determine that the open-pit mine slope is in a dangerous state and needs to be reinforced, and proceed to the next step.

[0039] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the size of the safety threshold according to the actual situation, and the present invention does not make a limitation.

[0040] S5: Generate multiple reinforcement and protection schemes.

[0041] Optionally, the reinforcement and protection scheme specifically adopts the cable anchor reinforcement technology, and different reinforcement and protection schemes have different anchor point positions and cable anchor lengths.

[0042] S6: Load the reinforcement and protection scheme into the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope.

[0043] S7: Determine the safety factor and potential slip surface of the open-pit mine slope after loading the reinforcement protection plan.

[0044] In a possible implementation, S7 specifically includes sub-steps S701 to S708:

[0045] S701: Divide the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope after loading the reinforcement protection plan into multiple nodal elements.

[0046] S702: Determine the relationship between the stress and displacement of the nodal elements:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, σ represents the normal stress of the element, τ represents the shear stress of the element, k n represents the normal stiffness of the element, k s represents the shear stiffness of the element, μ represents the normal displacement of the element, and v represents the shear displacement of the element.

[0049] S703: Apply the self-weight stress of the slope to initialize the in-situ stress field.

[0050] S704: Apply the nonlinear rock mass yield criterion to simulate the dislocation and opening behavior of the discontinuity surface.

[0051] The yield function based on shear strength is specifically:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, f s represents the shear strength yield function, σ1 represents the maximum principal stress, σ3 represents the minimum principal stress, represents the friction angle of the rock mass, and c represents the cohesion of the rock mass.

[0054] When f s = 0, the material is in the critical yield state, that is, it just reaches the failure condition.

[0055] When f s < 0, the material has not reached the failure condition and is still in the elastic state.

[0056] When f s > 0, the material has yielded and failure occurs.

[0057] In the present invention, through the nonlinear yield criterion based on shear strength, the mechanical behavior of the rock mass and the discontinuous characteristics of the joints can be truly simulated, providing a scientific and accurate basis for the stability analysis, slip surface identification, and instability risk assessment of the slope.

[0058] S705: Determine the distribution of the plastic zone based on the non-linear rock mass yield criterion.

[0059] Specifically, the region where f s > 0 is determined as the plastic zone.

[0060] In the present invention, based on the non-linear rock mass yield criterion, the potentially unstable regions in the slope can be accurately located, their development trends can be dynamically tracked, and a scientific basis can be provided for slope stability assessment, safety factor calculation, and support design.

[0061] S706: Determine the displacement settlement based on the displacements of each node in the finite element model.

[0062] In the present invention, through the settlement analysis based on the node displacements in the finite element model, the deformation characteristics of the slope can be accurately captured, the slope stability can be dynamically evaluated, and a scientific basis can be provided for the identification of potential slip surfaces, the optimization of support design, and risk early warning.

[0063] S707: Calculate the safety factor based on the finite element strength reduction method.

[0064] It should be noted that the specific calculation method has been described above. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated in the present invention.

[0065] S708: Determine the potential slip surface based on the distribution of the plastic zone and the displacement settlement.

[0066] Optionally, S708 specifically includes:

[0067] S7081: Determine the potential slip surface based on the distribution of the plastic zone.

[0068] Optionally, S7081 specifically includes:

[0069] Calculate the connectivity of the plastic zone according to the distribution of the plastic zone:

[0070]

[0071] where α represents the connectivity, V pl represents the volume of the plastic zone, and V total represents the volume of the sliding zone.

[0072] When the connectivity of the plastic zone satisfies α = 1, it indicates that a continuous plastic zone is formed, and the plastic zone is determined as the potential slip surface.

[0073] In the present invention, determining the potential slip surface through the connectivity of the plastic zone can scientifically quantify the formation conditions of the slip surface, improve the accuracy and dynamic adaptability of identification, and provide a solid scientific basis for slope instability early warning, support design optimization, and dynamic risk management.

[0074] S7082: Determine the potential slip surface based on displacement settlement.

[0075] Optionally, S7082 specifically includes:

[0076] Draw vertical lines from the slope surface and record the displacement increments along each line segment:

[0077]

[0078] where β ij represents the displacement increment of the i-th element on the j-th vertical line, x i+1,j represents the displacement of the (i + 1)-th element on the j-th vertical line, x i,j represents the displacement of the i-th element on the j-th vertical line, l i+1,j represents the distance from the (i + 1)-th element to the slope surface on the j-th vertical line, l i,j represents the distance from the i-th element to the slope surface on the j-th vertical line.

[0079] When the displacement increment β ij of a certain element along the line segment is 0, it indicates that the displacement along the j-th vertical line has not changed. Determine the i-th element as the intersection point of the j-th vertical line and the displacement settlement interface, and determine the potential slip surface by connecting the intersection points of each vertical line.

[0080] In the present invention, by drawing vertical lines from the slope surface and recording displacement increments to determine the potential slip surface, not only can the position and range of the slip surface be scientifically and accurately identified, but also its evolution process can be dynamically tracked, providing important support for slope instability warning, stability assessment, and support design.

[0081] S7083: Summarize the potential slip surface determined according to the plastic zone distribution and the potential slip surface determined according to the displacement settlement.

[0082] S8: With the goals of improving the safety factor, reducing the area of the potential slip surface, and reducing the reinforcement cost, conduct multi-objective optimization to determine the optimal reinforcement and protection plan.

[0083] In a possible implementation manner, S8 specifically includes:

[0084] S801: With the goals of improving the safety factor, reducing the area of the potential slip surface, and reducing the reinforcement cost, construct a multi-objective optimization function.

[0085] Optionally, the multi-objective optimization function is specifically:

[0086] f(X) = λ1FS - λ2S - λ3L

[0087] Among them, f represents the multi-objective optimization function, X represents the reinforcement protection scheme, FS represents the safety factor, S represents the total area of the potential sliding surface, L represents the total length of the anchor cable, the smaller the total length of the anchor cable, the lower the reinforcement cost, λ1 represents the weight coefficient of the safety factor, λ2 represents the weight coefficient of the total sliding surface area, and λ3 represents the weight coefficient of the total length of the anchor cable.

[0088] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the weight coefficient of the safety factor, the weight coefficient of the total sliding surface area and the weight coefficient of the total length of the anchor cable according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0089] S802: Using a multi-objective optimization function as the fitness function of the flower pollination assisted genetic optimization algorithm.

[0090] Among them, the flower pollination assisted genetic optimization algorithm combines the flower pollination algorithm (FPA) and the genetic algorithm. The flower pollination algorithm is an intelligent optimization algorithm based on the flower pollination behavior in nature. It simulates the different mechanisms in the pollination process of plant flowers, especially the long-distance and short-distance pollination methods, and realizes the global and local optimization of the problem through mathematical models. The genetic algorithm (GA) is a global optimization method based on natural selection and genetic mechanisms. It simulates the process of biological evolution and continuously optimizes the population through genetic operations (selection, crossover, mutation) to find the approximate optimal solution to the problem. The genetic algorithm is good at global search, but lacks local search capabilities. After the introduction of the flower pollination algorithm, the algorithm can flexibly adjust the search strategy according to the complexity of the problem and the optimization stage.

[0091] S803: Determine the optimal reinforcement and protection scheme through flower pollination-assisted genetic optimization algorithm.

[0092] Specifically, a population is initialized, which includes multiple individuals. Each individual represents a feasible reinforcement and protection scheme, and the reinforcement and protection scheme includes parameters such as anchor point location and anchor cable length.

[0093] An elite selection strategy is adopted to remove the 30% of individuals with the lowest fitness values to form the first population.

[0094] It should be noted that removing the 30% individuals with the lowest fitness values helps retain individuals with higher fitness, while eliminating individuals with poor fitness to avoid a decline in population quality.

[0095] Perform a crossover operation on the individuals in the first population to form a second population:

[0096] Y1=rand×X1+(1-rand)×X2

[0097] Y2 = rand × X2 + (1 - rand) × X1

[0098] Among them, Y1 and Y2 represent new individuals, X1 represents the first parent, X2 represents the second parent, and rand represents a random number between 0 and 1.

[0099] In the present invention, new individuals with different gene combinations are generated through the crossover operation, enhancing the diversity of the population and preventing the population from falling into a local optimal solution. In addition, the crossover combination controlled by the random number can produce various changes in the genes, avoiding excessive individual similarity.

[0100] Perform a mutation operation on the individuals in the second population to form the third population:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, Y3 represents the new individual, X3 represents the parent, X max represents the individual with the maximum fitness value, X min represents the individual with the minimum fitness value, and rand represents a random number between 0 and 1.

[0103] It should be noted that based on the second population, a mutation operation is performed to randomly offset the individuals in the solution space, thereby generating new solutions. This random offset not only helps the individuals jump out of the current local optimum but also increases the possibility of exploring new regions.

[0104] Update the positions of the individuals in the third population according to the flower pollination optimization algorithm to form the fourth population. Randomly generate a random number and determine whether the conversion probability is greater than the random number. If so, perform cross-pollination. Otherwise, perform self-pollination.

[0105] When performing cross-pollination, update the positions of the flower individuals according to the Lévy flight mechanism:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, represents the position of the i-th flower individual at the (t + 1)-th iteration, represents the position of the i-th flower individual at the t-th iteration, θ represents the step size influence factor, L represents the step size, represents the global optimal solution at the t-th iteration.

[0108]

[0109] Among them, Γ represents the standard Gamma function, λ represents the exponential parameter, and s represents the scale parameter.

[0110]

[0111] Among them, θ t represents the step size influence factor at the t-th iteration, q represents the scaling coefficient, and T represents the maximum number of iterations.

[0112] In the present invention, the Lévy flight mechanism simulates the random long jump behavior in nature. By generating a distribution step size with heavy-tailed characteristics, the flower individuals can cover a wider solution space, thereby improving the global search ability.

[0113] When self-pollination is performed, according to the golden sine mechanism, the position of the flower individual is updated as follows:

[0114]

[0115] x1 = -π + 2π(1 - τ)

[0116] x2 = -π + 2πτ

[0117] Among them, represents the position of the randomly selected j-th flower individual at the t-th iteration, represents the position of the randomly selected k-th flower individual at the t-th iteration, r1 and r2 represent random numbers between 0 and 2π, x1 and x2 represent the self-pollination coefficients, and τ represents the golden ratio number.

[0118] In the present invention, the golden sine mechanism provides a scientific and dynamic update strategy for self-pollination. By combining random fluctuations, the golden ratio number ratio, and local search ability, it can effectively improve the local optimization effect, convergence speed, and solution diversity. This mechanism is particularly suitable for fine optimization after global search, providing strong support for the overall performance of the flower pollination algorithm.

[0119] The third population and the fourth population are merged to form the fifth population.

[0120] Judge whether the current iteration number reaches the maximum iteration number; if so, output the set of model parameters represented by the firefly individual with the highest fitness in the fifth population; otherwise, return to continue the iteration.

[0121] In the present invention, it can not only take into account the three aspects of safety, sliding risk, and reinforcement cost, but also generate the optimal reinforcement plan efficiently and scientifically, providing strong guarantee for the long-term stability and economy of the slope.

[0122] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention at least include:

[0123] In the present invention, multiple reinforcement and protection schemes are automatically generated. By means of finite element analysis technology, the safety factor and potential slip surface of the open-pit mine slope after loading the reinforcement and protection scheme are determined. Then, with the goals of improving the safety factor, reducing the area of the potential slip surface, and reducing the reinforcement cost, multi-objective optimization is carried out to automatically determine the optimal reinforcement and protection scheme, without manually determining it based on expert experience, saving time and effort. At the same time, the influence of subjective factors is avoided, the accuracy of the reinforcement and protection scheme is improved, and the safety of the open-pit mine slope is enhanced.

[0124] Refer to the attached Figure 2 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a system for reinforcing and protecting an open-pit mine slope provided by the present invention.

[0125] The present invention also provides a system 20 for reinforcing and protecting an open-pit mine slope, including:

[0126] a processor 201;

[0127] a memory 202, on which computer-readable instructions are stored. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor 201, the method for reinforcing and protecting an open-pit mine slope as described in the method embodiment is implemented.

[0128] The system 20 for reinforcing and protecting an open-pit mine slope provided by the present invention can execute the above-mentioned method for reinforcing and protecting an open-pit mine slope and achieve the same or similar technical effects. To avoid repetition, the present invention will not be elaborated further.

[0129] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention at least include:

[0130] In the present invention, multiple reinforcement and protection schemes are automatically generated. By means of finite element analysis technology, the safety factor and potential slip surface of the open-pit mine slope after loading the reinforcement and protection scheme are determined. Then, with the goals of improving the safety factor, reducing the area of the potential slip surface, and reducing the reinforcement cost, multi-objective optimization is carried out to automatically determine the optimal reinforcement and protection scheme, without manually determining it based on expert experience, saving time and effort. At the same time, the influence of subjective factors is avoided, the accuracy of the reinforcement and protection scheme is improved, and the safety of the open-pit mine slope is enhanced.

[0131] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0132] The following points need to be explained:

[0133] (1) The attached drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only relate to the structures involved in the embodiments of the present invention, and other structures can refer to the general design.

[0134] (2) For clarity, in the attached drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of lines, layers, regions, or substrates is enlarged or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn to actual scale. It can be understood that when an element such as a line, a film, a region, or a substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element can be "directly" on or under the other element or there can be intervening elements.

[0135] (3) Without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0136] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for slope reinforcement and protection in open-pit mines, characterized in that, Including: S1: Obtain the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope; S2: Construct a finite element model of the open-pit mine slope according to the geological parameters of the open-pit mine slope; S3: Determine the safety factor of the open-pit mine slope by the finite element strength reduction method; S4: Judge whether the safety factor is greater than the safety threshold; if so, determine that the open-pit mine slope is in a stable state and does not need to be reinforced; otherwise, determine that the open-pit mine slope is in a dangerous state and needs to be reinforced, and enter the next step; S5: Generate multiple reinforcement and protection schemes; S6: Load the reinforcement and protection scheme into the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope; S7: Determine the safety factor and the potential slip surface of the open-pit mine slope after loading the reinforcement and protection scheme; S8: Conduct multi-objective optimization with the goals of improving the safety factor, reducing the area of the potential slip surface, and reducing the reinforcement cost, and determine the optimal reinforcement and protection scheme.

2. The method for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geological parameters include: physical and mechanical parameters of rock mass, joint and structural plane parameters, hydrogeological parameters, and topographic parameters.

3. The method for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcement and protection scheme specifically adopts the cable bolt reinforcement technology, and different reinforcement and protection schemes have different anchor point positions and cable bolt lengths.

4. The method for slope reinforcement and protection in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S7 specifically includes: S701: Divide the finite element model of the open-pit mine slope after loading the reinforcement and protection scheme into multiple joint elements; S702: Determine the relationship between the stress and displacement of the joint elements; S703: Apply the self-weight stress of the slope and initialize the in-situ stress field; S704: Apply the non-linear rock mass yield criterion to simulate the shearing and opening behavior of the discontinuity surface; S705: Determine the distribution of the plastic zone based on the non-linear rock mass yield criterion; S706: Determine the displacement settlement based on the displacements of each node in the finite element model; S707: Calculate the safety factor based on the finite element strength reduction method; S708: Determine the potential slip surface according to the distribution of the plastic zone and the displacement settlement.

5. The method for slope reinforcement and protection of open-pit mines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The S708 specifically includes: S7081: Determine the potential slip surface according to the distribution of the plastic zone; S7082: Determine the potential slip surface according to the displacement settlement; S7083: Summarize the potential slip surface determined according to the distribution of the plastic zone and the potential slip surface determined according to the displacement settlement.

6. The safety operation area optimization method for open-pit mine slopes according to claim 5, wherein, The S7081 specifically includes: Calculate the penetrability of the plastic zone according to the distribution of the plastic zone: Among them, α represents the penetrability, V pl represents the volume of the plastic zone, V total represents the volume of the sliding zone; When the penetrability of the plastic zone satisfies α = 1, it means that a continuous plastic zone is formed, and the plastic zone is determined as the potential slip surface.

7. The safety operation area optimization method for open-pit mine slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that The S7082 specifically includes: Draw vertical lines from the slope surface and record the displacement increment of each unit along the line; where β ij represents the displacement increment of the i-th unit on the j-th vertical line, x i+1,j represents the displacement of the (i + 1)-th unit on the j-th vertical line, x i,j represents the displacement of the i-th unit on the j-th vertical line, l i+1,j represents the distance from the (i + 1)-th unit to the slope surface on the j-th vertical line, l i,j represents the distance from the i-th unit to the slope surface on the j-th vertical line; When the displacement increment β along a certain unit ij = 0, it indicates that the displacement along the j-th vertical line has not changed. The i-th unit is determined as the intersection point of the j-th vertical line and the displacement settlement interface. By connecting the intersection points of each vertical line, the potential slip surface is determined.

8. The safety operation area optimization method for open-pit mine slopes according to claim 1, wherein The S8 specifically includes: S801: Construct a multi-objective optimization function with the goals of improving the safety factor, reducing the area of the potential slip surface, and reducing the reinforcement cost; S802: Use the multi-objective optimization function as the fitness function of the flower pollination assisted genetic optimization algorithm; S803: Determine the optimal reinforcement and protection scheme through the flower pollination assisted genetic optimization algorithm.

9. The safety operation area optimization method for the open-pit mine slope according to claim 8, characterized in that The multi-objective optimization function is specifically: f(X) = λ1FS - λ2S - λ3L Among them, f represents the multi-objective optimization function, X represents the reinforcement and protection plan, FS represents the safety factor, S represents the total area of potential sliding surfaces, L represents the total length of anchor cables. The smaller the total length of anchor cables, the lower the reinforcement cost. λ1 represents the weight coefficient of the safety factor, λ2 represents the weight coefficient of the total area of sliding surfaces, and λ3 represents the weight coefficient of the total length of anchor cables.

10. An open-pit mine slope reinforcement and protection system, characterized in that, Including: A processor; A memory, on which computer-readable instructions are stored. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method for open-pit mine slope reinforcement and protection as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

Images