Low-pressure casting device and casting method for aluminum alloy hub

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy hub low-pressure casting, and particularly discloses an aluminum alloy hub low-pressure casting device and a casting method.The bottom of a base is movably connected with a crucible, the side face of the base is fixedly connected with a discharging component, and the bottom of a lower die component is fixedly connected with the top of the base; the upper die part comprises a connecting shaft, the bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting block, and the bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the top of the lower die part. According to the low-pressure casting device for the aluminum alloy hub, the lower die component is arranged, when the driving piece is started to enable the upper die plate to drive the male die block to vertically move downwards, the electric hydraulic cylinders on the two sides of the lower die plate are synchronously started, and the output ends of the electric hydraulic cylinders drive the pushing shafts to drive the stopping blocks to horizontally move towards the female die until the two stopping blocks tightly abut against each other; a wrapping protection structure for the periphery of the female die is formed, and molten aluminum is prevented from overflowing in the mold filling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheels, and specifically to a low-pressure casting device and casting method for aluminum alloy wheels. Background Technique

[0002] Under the background of the era of energy conservation, emission reduction, low-carbon and environmental protection, lightweight has become the main theme of the development of the global automotive industry. Aluminum alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, corrosion resistance, etc. "Replacing steel with aluminum" is one of the most effective methods to achieve automotive lightweight. This has led to an increasing proportion of various components represented by aluminum alloy being used in automobiles. As one of the key components of an automobile, automotive wheels have high requirements for lightweight, high strength, and good corrosion resistance. Low-pressure casting devices for aluminum alloy wheels have emerged to meet the needs of the automotive industry for high-quality aluminum alloy wheels.

[0003] In the traditional gravity casting method, the molten metal fills the cavity by gravity, and defects such as insufficient pouring and cold shut are likely to occur, and the internal structure of the casting is not dense enough, and the mechanical properties are difficult to meet the use requirements of automotive wheels. Although die casting can obtain castings with high dimensional accuracy and good surface quality, the equipment investment is large and the die life is short, which has certain limitations for the production of large and complex aluminum alloy wheels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A low-pressure casting device and casting method for aluminum alloy wheels, including:

[0005] A base, the bottom of the base is movably connected with a crucible, and the side of the base is fixedly connected with a feeding component;

[0006] A lower die component, which is used for the low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheels, and the bottom of the lower die component is fixedly connected to the top of the base;

[0007] An upper die component, which is used to cooperate with the lower die component for the low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheels, and the bottom of the upper die component is fixedly connected to the top of the lower die component;

[0008] The upper die component includes a connecting shaft, the bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the top of a connecting block, the bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the lower die component, the top of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to a top plate, the top of the top plate is fixedly connected to a driving member, and a positioning mechanism is slidably connected to the connecting shaft, and the top of the positioning mechanism is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving member;

[0009] The positioning mechanism includes an upper template, the inner side of the upper template is slidably connected to the side surface of a connecting shaft, the top of the upper template is fixedly connected to the output end of a driving member, a convex module is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper template, extrusion rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the upper template, and an inclined block is fixedly connected to the end of each extrusion rod away from the upper template;

[0010] The lower die component includes a lower template, the bottom of the lower template is fixedly connected to the top of a base, connecting blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the lower template, an electric hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the side surface of each connecting block, a push shaft is slidably connected to the side of each connecting block away from the electric hydraulic cylinder, the end of the push shaft close to the connecting block is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric hydraulic cylinder, a resisting block is fixedly connected to the other end of the push shaft, the bottom of the resisting block is slidably connected to the top of the lower template, support shafts are fixedly connected to the inner sides of both connecting blocks, a female die is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the lower template, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the female die, and cooling mechanisms are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower template;

[0011] The cooling mechanism includes a water tank and a cooling pipe, the side of the water tank is fixedly connected to the inner side of the lower template, baffles are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the water tank, a sliding rod is slidably connected to the inner side of each baffle, a triangular block is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod, a push plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the sliding rod, the side of the push plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the water tank, a first spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle, the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the side of the triangular block, a water pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the water tank, the end of the water pipe away from the water tank is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cooling pipe, and the side of the cooling pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the female die;

[0012] Preferably, the blanking component includes a blanking frame, the side of the blanking frame is fixedly connected to the side of the base, rollers are rotatably connected to the inner sides of the blanking frame, a support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the blanking frame, a control mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, the output end of the control mechanism is fixedly connected to a robotic arm, and a grasping mechanism is fixedly connected to the other end of the robotic arm;

[0013] Preferably, the grasping mechanism includes a connecting frame, the side of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the side of the robotic arm away from the output end of the control mechanism, a lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting frame, a motor is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting frame, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw, guide rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the connecting frame, a grasping rod is slidably connected to the side of the guide rod, the inner side of the grasping rod is threadedly connected to the side of the lead screw, a sliding shaft is slidably connected to the inner side of the grasping rod, the other end of the sliding shaft is fixedly connected to a buffer plate, the side of the buffer plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the grasping rod, a second spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the side of the buffer plate, the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the grasping rod, and a buffer block is fixedly connected to the other side of the buffer plate away from the sliding shaft.

[0014] Preferably, an aluminum alloy wheel hub low-pressure casting method includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: Start the driving member to drive the upper template to move downward to close the mold with the lower template, turn on the electric hydraulic cylinder, drive the low-block to extend, wrap the middle part of the lower template and the upper template to form a sealed structure to prevent metal liquid leakage, accurately dock the lifting pipe of the crucible with the connecting pipe at the bottom of the lower template to ensure good sealing and provide a channel for metal liquid filling;

[0016] S2: Through the air pressure system of the crucible, apply low-pressure gas to the sealed crucible. Under the action of pressure, the metal liquid in the crucible rises smoothly along the lifting pipe and enters the mold cavity until the cavity is completely filled. After the filling is completed, maintain the current air pressure to make the metal liquid fully compensate and solidify under pressure, reducing shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity defects;

[0017] S3: During the solidification process of the metal liquid, start the cooling mechanism in the lower template, and cool the periphery of the lower template in a directional manner by water cooling to control the cooling speed, realize the sequential solidification of the wheel hub, and improve the tissue density;

[0018] S4: When the wheel hub is completely solidified, release the pressure in the crucible to make the unfrozen metal liquid in the lifting pipe flow back to the furnace, and start the driving member to slowly separate the upper and lower molds to avoid scratching the surface of the casting;

[0019] S5: Through the blanking component, take out the formed aluminum alloy wheel hub from the mold to complete the blanking work, and then perform subsequent cleaning, heat treatment and inspection processes.

[0020] The present invention provides an aluminum alloy wheel hub low-pressure casting device and casting method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels is provided with a lower die component. When the driving part is started to drive the upper template to drive the convex module to move vertically downward, the electric hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the lower template are synchronously opened. The output end of the electric hydraulic cylinder drives the pushing shaft to drive the blocking block to translate towards the concave die until the two blocking blocks are tightly abutted, forming a wrapping and protecting structure around the concave die to prevent the aluminum liquid from overflowing during the filling process.

[0022] 2. The low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels is provided with a cooling mechanism. After the cooling water flows back to the water tank, it can be cooled by natural heat dissipation to provide low-temperature water flow for the next cooling cycle. Compared with the single cooling method, the circulating cooling can ensure that the cooling pipe always outputs low-temperature cooling water, enabling the concave die to obtain a stable and efficient cooling effect in each casting process, further improving the cooling speed and quality consistency of the casting, reducing defects such as casting deformation and shrinkage holes caused by uneven cooling, and extending the service life of the mold.

[0023] 3. The low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels is provided with a blanking component. When the grasping mechanism reaches the designated position, the robotic arm drives the grasping mechanism holding the wheel and moves it to the upper part of the blanking rack according to the planned path. The blanking rack is equipped with a roller conveying device. The surface of the roller is anti-slip treated and rotates flexibly. The robotic arm precisely adjusts the position of the wheel to place the wheel steadily on the roller. Then the grasping mechanism releases the clamping jaw to complete the blanking action. The roller conveying device can automatically convey the wheel to the subsequent process, realizing the continuity and automation of the production process, effectively improving the production efficiency and reducing manual intervention.

[0024] 4. The low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels is provided with a grasping mechanism. As the grasping rod approaches and contacts the side of the wheel, the buffer plate installed at the end of the grasping rod is squeezed. Under the squeezing force, the buffer plate retracts into the inner side of the grasping rod along the sliding shaft, and at the same time compresses the second spring, thereby absorbing the impact force at the moment of grasping, preventing damage to the surface of the wheel caused by rigid contact. At the same time, the buffer block configured on the side of the buffer plate provides sufficient clamping force while avoiding directly squeezing the surface of the wheel, thus preventing defects such as scratches and indentations on the surface of the wheel. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper die component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the lower die component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the lower template of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the temperature reduction mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the blanking component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the grasping mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic flow diagram of the low-pressure casting method for aluminum alloy wheels of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1, base; 3, upper die component; 31, connecting shaft; 32, top plate; 33, driving member; 34, positioning mechanism; 341, upper template; 342, convex module; 343, extrusion rod; 344, inclined block; 4, crucible; 5, blanking component; 51, blanking frame; 52, roller; 53, support frame; 54, control mechanism; 55, robotic arm; 56, grasping mechanism; 561, connecting frame; 562, lead screw; 563, motor; 564, grasping rod; 565, sliding shaft; 566, buffer plate; 567, second spring; 568, buffer block; 569, guide rod; 6, lower die component; 61, lower template; 62, connecting block; 63, electric hydraulic cylinder; 64, pushing shaft; 65, resisting block; 66, support shaft; 67, female die; 68, temperature reduction mechanism; 681, water tank; 682, baffle; 683, sliding rod; 684, first spring; 685, triangular block; 686, push plate; 687, water pipe; 688, temperature reduction pipe; 69, connecting pipe. Specific embodiments

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels, including:

[0038] A base 1, the bottom of the base 1 is movably connected to a crucible 4, and the side of the base 1 is fixedly connected to a blanking component 5;

[0039] The lower die component 6 is used for low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheels, and the bottom of the lower die component 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1;

[0040] The upper die component 3 is used to cooperate with the lower die component 6 for low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheels, and the bottom of the upper die component 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower die component 6;

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3 , the upper die component 3 includes a connecting shaft 31. The bottom of the connecting shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block 62, and the bottom of the connecting shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower die component 6. The top of the connecting shaft 31 is fixedly connected with a top plate 32, and the top of the top plate 32 is fixedly connected with a driving member 33. A positioning mechanism 34 is slidably connected to the connecting shaft 31, and the top of the positioning mechanism 34 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving member 33;

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 , the positioning mechanism 34 includes an upper template 341. The inner side of the upper template 341 is slidably connected to the side of the connecting shaft 31, the top of the upper template 341 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving member 33, a convex module 342 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper template 341, and extrusion rods 343 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the upper template 341. An inclined block 344 is fixedly connected to the end of the extrusion rod 343 away from the upper template 341;

[0043] Start the driving member 33, and its output end drives the upper template 341 to move vertically downward along the connecting shaft 31. During this process, the convex module 342 at the bottom of the upper template 341 enters the lower template 61 to complete mold closing. At the same time, the inclined block 344 of the upper template 341 makes extrusion contact with the cooling mechanism 68 in the lower template 61, and the cooling mechanism 68 starts to work. When the aluminum liquid is injected into the female die 67 of the lower template 61, the cooling mechanism 68 can cool the aluminum liquid to ensure that the aluminum liquid solidifies and forms quickly and evenly in the mold;

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 , the lower die component 6 includes a lower template 61. The bottom of the lower template 61 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. Connecting blocks 62 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the lower template 61. An electric hydraulic cylinder 63 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting block 62. A push shaft 64 is slidably connected to the side of the connecting block 62 away from the electric hydraulic cylinder 63. The end of the push shaft 64 close to the connecting block 62 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric hydraulic cylinder 63. The other end of the push shaft 64 is fixedly connected to a resisting block 65. The bottom of the resisting block 65 is slidably connected to the top of the lower template 61. Support shafts 66 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of both connecting blocks 62. A female die 67 is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the lower template 61. A connecting pipe 69 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the female die 67. Cooling mechanisms 68 are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower template 61;

[0045] When the driving member 33 is activated to drive the upper template 341 to drive the convex module 342 to move vertically downward, the electric hydraulic cylinders 63 on both sides of the lower template 61 are synchronously activated. The output end of the electric hydraulic cylinder 63 drives the push shaft 64, driving the blocking block 65 to translate towards the direction of the female mold 67 until the two blocking blocks 65 are tightly abutted against each other, forming a wrapping and protecting structure around the female mold 67 to prevent the aluminum liquid from overflowing during the filling process;

[0046] At the same time, as the upper template 341 continues to move downward, the extrusion rod 343 at its bottom pushes the inclined block 344, causing it to have an extrusion contact with the cooling mechanism 68. This extrusion action triggers the start of the cooling mechanism 68, which conducts directional cooling on the area around the female mold 67, accelerating the cooling and solidification process of the aluminum liquid, ensuring that the casting structure is uniform and dense, and reducing defects such as shrinkage cavities and deformation;

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 7 , the cooling mechanism 68 includes a water tank 681 and a cooling pipe 688. The side of the water tank 681 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the lower template 61. On both sides of the inner wall of the water tank 681, there are fixedly connected baffles 682. The inner side of the baffle 682 is slidably connected to a sliding rod 683. One end of the sliding rod 683 is fixedly connected to a triangular block 685, and the other end of the sliding rod 683 is fixedly connected to a push plate 686. The side of the push plate 686 is slidably connected to the inner side of the water tank 681. A first spring 684 is sleeved on the sliding rod 683. One end of the first spring 684 is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle 682, and the other end of the first spring 684 is fixedly connected to the side of the triangular block 685. A water pipe 687 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the water tank 681. The end of the water pipe 687 away from the water tank 681 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cooling pipe 688. The side of the cooling pipe 688 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the female mold 67;

[0048] When the upper template 341 moves downward under the action of the driving member 33, the extrusion rod 343 at its bottom drives the inclined block 344 to move downward synchronously, making an extrusion contact with the triangular block 685. As the upper template 341 continues to move downward, the inclined surface of the inclined block 344 extrudes the inclined surface of the triangular block 685. The continuous extrusion force causes the triangular block 685 to overcome the elastic force of the first spring 684 and move along the sliding rod 683 towards the direction of the water tank 681;

[0049] When the triangular block 685 moves, it drives the push plate 686 to slide in the inner cavity of the water tank 681 through the sliding rod 683. The push plate 686 acts like a piston, pressing the water flow in the water tank 681 into the cooling pipe 688 through the water pipe 687;

[0050] After the water flows into the cooling pipe 688, it flows around the die 67, takes away the heat of the mold through heat exchange, and cools the die 67. Compared with the traditional natural cooling method, this active cooling system can speed up the cooling speed of the aluminum liquid in the die 67, avoid the aluminum liquid from having defects such as shrinkage and looseness due to long-term high temperature retention, and improve the density and mechanical properties of the casting; at the same time, the uniform cooling effect can also reduce the deformation problem of the casting caused by thermal stress, improve the product qualification rate, and reduce the scrap rate;

[0051] When the upper template 341 completes the casting task and moves upward under the action of the driving member 33, the extrusion rod 343 connected thereto drives the tilting block 344 to rise synchronously, releasing the extrusion of the triangular block 685. The first spring 684 pulls the triangular block 685 to move away from the water tank 681 by virtue of its own reset elasticity. During the reset process, the triangular block 685 drives the push plate 686 to move in the opposite direction in the inner cavity of the water tank 681 through the slide bar 683, so that the water flow in the cooling pipe 688 flows back to the water tank 681 through the water pipe 687 under the action of the pressure difference, realizing the recycling of cooling water, avoiding the waste of water resources, and reducing the manual operation of frequently replenishing cooling water, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0052] After the cooling water flows back to the water tank 681, it can be cooled by natural heat dissipation to provide low-temperature water flow for the next cooling cycle. Compared with the single cooling method, the circulating cooling can ensure that the cooling pipe 688 always outputs low-temperature cooling water, so that the die 67 can obtain a stable and efficient cooling effect in each casting process, further improve the cooling speed and quality consistency of the casting, reduce the casting deformation, shrinkage holes and other defects caused by uneven cooling, and extend the service life of the mold;

[0053] See also Figure 1 - Figure 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: the unloading component 5 includes an unloading frame 51, the side of the unloading frame 51 is fixedly connected to the side of the base 1, the inner side of the unloading frame 51 is rotatably connected to a roller 52, the top of the unloading frame 51 is fixedly connected to a support frame 53, the top of the support frame 53 is fixedly connected to a control mechanism 54, the output end of the control mechanism 54 is fixedly connected to a mechanical arm 55, and the other end of the mechanical arm 55 is fixedly connected to a grabbing mechanism 56;

[0054] After the low-pressure casting of the aluminum alloy wheel hub is completed and the casting is confirmed to be completely solidified, the driving member 33 is started, and its output end drives the upper mold plate 341 to move upward, so that the male mold plate 342 is smoothly separated from the female mold 67 of the lower mold plate 61, and the mold separation is completed;

[0055] The control mechanism 54 is operated to issue a command to drive the mechanical arm 55 to move along a preset path. The mechanical arm 55 uses a high-precision servo motor 563 and an encoder to quickly and accurately drive the grasping mechanism 56 to move above the forming wheel hub;

[0056] When the gripping mechanism 56 reaches the designated position, the robotic arm 55 drives the gripping mechanism 56 holding the wheel hub and moves it above the blanking rack 51 along the planned path. The blanking rack 51 is equipped with a roller 52 conveying device. The surface of the roller 52 is anti-slip treated and rotates flexibly. The robotic arm 55 precisely adjusts the position of the wheel hub to place the wheel hub stably on the roller 52. Subsequently, the gripping mechanism 56 releases the jaws to complete the blanking operation. The roller 52 conveying device can automatically convey the wheel hub to the subsequent process, realizing the continuity and automation of the production process, effectively improving the production efficiency and reducing manual intervention;

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 9 , the gripping mechanism 56 includes a connecting frame 561. The side of the connecting frame 561 is fixedly connected to the side of the robotic arm 55 away from the output end of the control mechanism 54. A lead screw 562 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting frame 561. A motor 563 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting frame 561. The output end of the motor 563 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 562. Guide rods 569 are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the connecting frame 561. A gripping rod 564 is slidably connected to the side of the guide rod 569. The inner side of the gripping rod 564 is threadedly connected to the side of the lead screw 562. A sliding shaft 565 is slidably connected to the inner side of the gripping rod 564. The other end of the sliding shaft 565 is fixedly connected to a buffer plate 566. The side of the buffer plate 566 is slidably connected to the inner side of the gripping rod 564. A second spring 567 is sleeved on the sliding shaft 565. One end of the second spring 567 is fixedly connected to the side of the buffer plate 566, and the other end of the second spring 567 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gripping rod 564. A buffer block 568 is fixedly connected to the other side of the buffer plate 566 away from the sliding shaft 565;

[0058] When the robotic arm 55 drives the connecting frame 561 to move directly above the formed wheel hub, the motor 563 is started. The output end of the motor 563 drives the lead screw 562 to rotate on the connecting frame 561. Based on the nut drive principle of the lead screw 562, the two gripping rods 564 slide relative to each other along the guide rods 569 and gradually approach the wheel hub;

[0059] As the gripping rod 564 approaches and comes into contact with the side of the wheel hub, the buffer plate 566 installed at the end of the gripping rod 564 is squeezed. Under the squeezing force, the buffer plate 566 retracts into the inner side of the gripping rod 564 along the sliding shaft 565, and at the same time compresses the second spring 567, thereby absorbing the impact force at the moment of gripping and preventing damage to the surface of the wheel hub caused by rigid contact. At the same time, the buffer block 568 configured on the side of the buffer plate 566 provides sufficient clamping force while avoiding directly squeezing the surface of the wheel hub, preventing defects such as scratches and indentations on the surface of the wheel hub;

[0060] After the two gripping rods 564 complete the stable gripping of the wheel hub, the robotic arm 55 starts again, drives the connecting frame 561 to move smoothly downward to the blanking rack 51, and the robotic arm 55 places the wheel hub on the roller 52 to complete the blanking work;

[0061] Please refer to Figure 10 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a low-pressure casting method for aluminum alloy wheel hubs, including the following steps:

[0062] S1: Start the driving member 33, drive the upper template 341 to move downward, close the mold with the lower template 61, turn on the electric hydraulic cylinder 63, drive the blocking block 65 to extend, wrap the middle parts of the lower template 61 and the upper template 341 to form a sealing structure to prevent the leakage of molten metal, and accurately dock the riser pipe of the crucible 4 with the connecting pipe 69 at the bottom of the lower template 61 to ensure good sealing and provide a channel for the filling of molten metal;

[0063] S2: Through the pneumatic system of the crucible 4, apply low-pressure gas to the sealed crucible 4. Under the action of pressure, the molten metal in the crucible 4 rises smoothly along the riser pipe, enters the mold cavity until the cavity is completely filled. After the filling is completed, maintain the current air pressure to make the molten metal fully compensate and solidify under pressure, reducing shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity defects;

[0064] S3: During the solidification process of the molten metal, start the cooling mechanism 68 in the lower template 61, and through the water cooling method, directionally cool the periphery of the lower template 61, control the cooling speed, realize the sequential solidification of the wheel hub, and improve the tissue density;

[0065] S4: When the wheel hub is completely solidified, release the pressure in the crucible 4 to make the unfrozen molten metal in the riser pipe flow back to the furnace, and start the driving member 33 to slowly separate the upper and lower molds to avoid scratching the surface of the casting;

[0066] S6: Through the blanking component 5, take out the formed aluminum alloy wheel hub from the mold to complete the blanking work, and then carry out subsequent cleaning, heat treatment and inspection processes.

[0067] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art and related fields without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, are implemented according to the conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels, characterized in that, Comprising: A base (1), the bottom of the base (1) is movably connected to a crucible (4), and the side of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a blanking component (5); A lower die component (6), which is used for low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheels, and the bottom of the lower die component (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1); An upper die component (3), which is used to cooperate with the lower die component (6) for low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheels, and the bottom of the upper die component (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the lower die component (6); The upper die component (3) includes a connecting shaft (31), the bottom of the connecting shaft (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the lower die component (6), the top of the connecting shaft (31) is fixedly connected to a top plate (32), the top of the top plate (32) is fixedly connected to a driving part (33), a positioning mechanism (34) is slidably connected to the connecting shaft (31), and the top of the positioning mechanism (34) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving part (33); The lower die component (6) includes a lower template (61), the bottom of the lower template (61) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), both sides of the top of the lower template (61) are fixedly connected to connecting blocks (62), the side of the connecting block (62) is fixedly connected to an electric hydraulic cylinder (63), the side of the connecting block (62) away from the electric hydraulic cylinder (63) is slidably connected to a push shaft (64), one end of the push shaft (64) close to the connecting block (62) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric hydraulic cylinder (63), the other end of the push shaft (64) is fixedly connected to a resisting block (65), the bottom of the resisting block (65) is slidably connected to the top of the lower template (61), both sides of the inner side of the two connecting blocks (62) are fixedly connected to support shafts (66), the middle of the top of the lower template (61) is fixedly connected to a female die (67), the bottom of the female die (67) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (69), and cooling mechanisms (68) are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower template (61).

2. The low-pressure casting device for an aluminum alloy wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (34) includes an upper template (341), the bottom of the upper template (341) is fixedly connected to a convex module (342), and both sides of the bottom of the upper template (341) are fixedly connected to extrusion rods (343), and the end of the extrusion rod (343) away from the upper template (341) is fixedly connected to an inclined block (344).

3. The low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels according to claim 2, wherein: The inner side of the upper template (341) is slidably connected to the side of the connecting shaft (31), the top of the upper template (341) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving part (33), and the bottom of the connecting shaft (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block (62).

4. The low-pressure casting device for an aluminum alloy wheel hub according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling mechanism (68) includes a water tank (681) and a cooling pipe (688). On both sides of the inner wall of the water tank (681), baffles (682) are fixedly connected. A sliding rod (683) is slidably connected to the inner side of the baffle (682). One end of the sliding rod (683) is fixedly connected to a triangular block (685), and the other end of the sliding rod (683) is fixedly connected to a push plate (686). A first spring (684) is sleeved on the sliding rod (683). A water pipe (687) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the water tank (681). One end of the water pipe (687) away from the water tank (681) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cooling pipe (688). The side surface of the cooling pipe (688) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the female mold (67).

5. An aluminum alloy wheel low-pressure casting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side surface of the water tank (681) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the lower template (61). The side surface of the push plate (686) is slidably connected to the inner side of the water tank (681). One end of the first spring (684) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the baffle (682), and the other end of the first spring (684) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the triangular block (685).

6. The low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blanking component (5) includes a blanking frame (51). The side surface of the blanking frame (51) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the base (1). Rollers (52) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the blanking frame (51). A support frame (53) is fixedly connected to the top of the blanking frame (51). A control mechanism (54) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (53). The output end of the control mechanism (54) is fixedly connected to a robotic arm (55). The other end of the robotic arm (55) is fixedly connected to a grasping mechanism (56).

7. The low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy wheels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grasping mechanism (56) includes a connecting frame (561). A lead screw (562) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting frame (561). A motor (563) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the connecting frame (561). The output end of the motor (563) is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw (562). Guide rods (569) are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the connecting frame (561). A grasping rod (564) is slidably connected to the side surface of the guide rod (569). A sliding shaft (565) is slidably connected to the inner side of the grasping rod (564). The other end of the sliding shaft (565) is fixedly connected to a buffer plate (566). A second spring (567) is sleeved on the sliding shaft (565). A buffer block (568) is fixedly connected to the other side of the buffer plate (566) away from the sliding shaft (565).

8. An aluminum alloy wheel low-pressure casting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side surface of the connecting frame (561) is fixedly connected to the side of the robotic arm (55) away from the output end of the control mechanism (54). The inner side of the grasping rod (564) is threadedly connected to the side surface of the lead screw (562). The side surface of the buffer plate (566) is slidably connected to the inner side of the grasping rod (564). One end of the second spring (567) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the buffer plate (566), and the other end of the second spring (567) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the grasping rod (564).

9. A low-pressure casting method for an aluminum alloy wheel hub, according to the aluminum alloy wheel hub low-pressure casting device described in claim 1, characterized in that, including the following steps: S1: Start the driving part (33) to drive the upper template (341) to move downward and close the mold with the lower template (61). Then, start the electric hydraulic cylinder (63) to drive the blocking block (65) to extend, covering the middle parts of the lower template (61) and the upper template (341) to form a sealed structure, preventing the leakage of molten metal. Accurately dock the riser pipe of the crucible (4) with the connecting pipe (69) at the bottom of the lower template (61) to ensure good sealing and provide a channel for the filling of molten metal. S2: Apply low-pressure gas to the sealed crucible (4) through the pneumatic system of the crucible (4). Under the action of pressure, the molten metal in the crucible (4) rises smoothly along the riser pipe and enters the mold cavity until the cavity is completely filled. After the filling is completed, maintain the current air pressure to allow the molten metal to be fully compensated and solidified under pressure, reducing shrinkage cavity and porosity defects. S3: During the solidification of the molten metal, start the cooling mechanism (68) in the lower template (61) and conduct directional cooling around the lower template (61) by water cooling to control the cooling rate, achieve the sequential solidification of the wheel hub, and improve the tissue density. S4: When the wheel hub is completely solidified, release the pressure in the crucible (4) to make the unfrozen molten metal in the riser pipe flow back into the furnace. Start the driving part (33) to slowly separate the upper and lower molds to avoid scratching the surface of the casting. S6: Through the blanking component (5), take out the formed aluminum alloy wheel hub from the mold to complete the blanking work, and then perform subsequent cleaning, heat treatment, and inspection processes.

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