A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice and its application method

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice and an application method thereof, relating to the technical field of agriculture. The composite foliar conditioner comprises: NaHS at a concentration of 20-30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide at a concentration of 2-4 mmol / L; aspartic acid at a concentration of 10-15 mg / L; and Tween 80 at a concentration of 0.1-0.3 g / L; and the remainder being water. Starting from the heading stage of rice, the composite foliar conditioner is sprayed at a rate of 20-30 kg per mu; sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed continuously for 3-5 times. The invention utilizes the synergistic effect of NaHS, sodium sulfide, and aspartic acid, adopts a surfactant to increase the spreading area, and thereby significantly improves the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice, with the cadmium reduction efficiency being able to reach over 80%. The foliar conditioner has simple ingredients, is easy to operate, and has outstanding effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a composite foliage conditioner for reducing cadmium enrichment in brown rice and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cadmium in the soil is absorbed by rice roots and then transferred to the aboveground part of the rice plant through a complex physiological transport pathway, ultimately accumulating in large quantities in the brown rice. When people consume cadmium-contaminated brown rice over a long period of time, cadmium gradually accumulates in organs such as the kidneys and bones, leading to serious health problems such as chronic kidney disease, osteomalacia, and even cancer, posing a serious threat to human health and quality of life.

[0003] Traditional methods for controlling soil cadmium pollution, such as soil replacement and chemical leaching, can theoretically reduce cadmium levels in the soil, but face numerous insurmountable obstacles in practical application. Soil replacement projects are large and costly, requiring significant manpower, material, and financial resources. They also cause significant damage to the original soil ecosystem, affecting soil fertility, microbial community structure, and other aspects, hindering the subsequent normal growth of rice. Chemical leaching also presents challenges such as difficulty in selecting reagents, the leaching process causing secondary contamination, and significant changes in soil texture, making it difficult to promote on a large scale.

[0004] In this predicament, foliar regulation technology has gradually come into people's view as a relatively economical, efficient and environmentally friendly method. Early foliar regulation research focused on the spraying application of single substances, such as the use of certain compounds with certain chelating abilities or simple nutrient supplements, but these methods can often only achieve limited cadmium reduction effects and cannot meet increasingly stringent food safety standards. Although there have been some subsequent explorations of composite foliar preparations, most of them have defects such as complex ingredients, poor synergistic effects, and unclear methods of use. Due to the poor compatibility of the ingredients of some composite preparations, not only do they fail to effectively inhibit the absorption of cadmium by rice, but they may also interfere with the normal physiological metabolism of rice, leading to negative consequences such as stunted rice growth and reduced yields.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a composite foliar conditioner that has simple ingredients, synergistic efficiency, is easy to use, and can significantly reduce cadmium accumulation in brown rice. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice and an application method thereof. The composite foliar conditioner comprises: NaHS at a concentration of 20-30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide at a concentration of 2-4 mmol / L; aspartic acid at a concentration of 10-15 mg / L; Tween 80 at a concentration of 0.1-0.3 g / L; and the remainder being water. Starting from the heading stage of rice, the composite foliar conditioner is sprayed at a rate of 20-30 kg per mu, once every 7-10 days, and continuously sprayed 3-5 times. The present invention utilizes the synergistic effect of NaHS, sodium sulfide, and aspartic acid and adopts a surfactant to increase the spreading area, thereby significantly improving the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice and achieving a cadmium reduction efficiency of more than 80%. The foliar conditioner of the present invention has simple ingredients, is easy to operate, and has outstanding effects.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0008] A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice, comprising the following components:

[0009] NaHS; sodium sulfide; aspartic acid; surfactant; water.

[0010] Furthermore, the composition of the composite foliar conditioner is as follows:

[0011] NaHS: 20-30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 2-4 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10-15 mg / L; surfactant: 0.1-0.3 g / L; the balance is water.

[0012] Furthermore, in the composite foliar conditioner, the surfactant is Tween 80 or OP-10.

[0013] Furthermore, the composition of the composite foliar conditioner is as follows:

[0014] NaHS: 20 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 3 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10 mg / L; surfactant: 0.2 g / L; the balance is water.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation method of the composite foliar conditioner is:

[0016] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amount; directly put NaHS into water to dissolve, stir evenly, then add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain the compound foliar conditioner, which should be prepared before use and should not be stored for more than 6 hours.

[0017] Furthermore, the method of applying the composite foliar conditioner is:

[0018] Starting from the heading stage of rice, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray continuously 3-5 times.

[0019] Furthermore, the application amount of the composite foliar conditioner is 20-30 kg / mu.

[0020] Furthermore, the spraying parts are the rice leaf surfaces and backs.

[0021] Furthermore, the composite foliar barrier agent is sprayed before 10 a.m. and after 4 p.m. on sunny or cloudy days.

[0022] Furthermore, the suitable temperature range for spraying the composite foliar barrier agent is 15-30°C.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The invention discloses a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice and an application method thereof. The composite foliar conditioner comprises: NaHS at a concentration of 20-30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide at a concentration of 2-4 mmol / L; aspartic acid at a concentration of 10-15 mg / L; Tween 80 at a concentration of 0.1-0.3 g / L; and water as the remainder. Starting from the heading stage of rice, the composite foliar conditioner is sprayed at a rate of 20-30 kg per mu; sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed continuously for 3-5 times. The invention utilizes the synergistic effect of NaHS, sodium sulfide and aspartic acid, adopts a surfactant to increase the spreading area, and thus significantly improves the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice, with the cadmium reduction efficiency being able to reach over 80%. The foliar conditioner of the invention has simple ingredients, is easy to operate, and has outstanding effects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] NaHS: 20 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 3 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10 mg / L; surfactant Tween 80: 0.2 g / L; the balance is water;

[0030] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.112g; sodium sulfide: 23.4g; aspartic acid: 1g; surfactant Tween 80: 20g; the balance is water.

[0031] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, a surfactant, and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve NaHS in water and stir evenly, then sequentially add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, and a surfactant and stir until evenly dissolved to obtain a composite foliar conditioner 1.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] NaHS: 30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 2 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 15 mg / L; surfactant OP-10: 0.1 g / L; the balance is water.

[0034] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.168g; sodium sulfide: 15.6g; aspartic acid: 1.5g; surfactant Tween 80: 10g; the balance is water.

[0035] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, a surfactant, and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amount; directly dissolve NaHS in water and stir evenly, then sequentially add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, and a surfactant and stir until evenly dissolved to obtain compound foliar conditioner 2.

[0036] Example 3:

[0037] NaHS: 25 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 4 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 15 mg / L; surfactant Tween 80: 0.3 g / L; the balance is water.

[0038] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.14g; sodium sulfide: 31.2g; aspartic acid: 1.5g; surfactant Tween 80: 30g; the balance is water.

[0039] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, a surfactant, and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amounts; directly dissolve NaHS in water and stir evenly, then sequentially add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, and a surfactant and stir until evenly dissolved to obtain composite foliar conditioner 3.

[0040] All comparative examples are based on Example 1.

[0041] Comparative Example 1:

[0042] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, sodium sulfide: 23.4g + 0.112g; aspartic acid: 1g; surfactant Tween 80: 20g; the rest is water.

[0043] Weigh sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the above concentration and required preparation amount; directly put sodium sulfide into water to dissolve, stir evenly, then add aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar conditioner 4.

[0044] Comparative Example 2:

[0045] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.112g; aspartic acid: 23.4g+1g; surfactant Tween 80: 20g; the rest is water.

[0046] Weigh NaHS, aspartic acid, a surfactant, and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amount; directly dissolve NaHS in water and stir evenly, then add aspartic acid and a surfactant in sequence and stir until evenly dissolved to obtain a composite foliar conditioner 5.

[0047] Comparative Example 3:

[0048] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 0.112g; sodium sulfide: 23.4g+1g; surfactant Tween 80: 20g; the rest is water.

[0049] Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, surfactant, and water according to the above concentrations and the required preparation amount; directly dissolve NaHS in water and stir evenly, then add sodium sulfide and surfactant in sequence, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain composite foliar conditioner 6.

[0050] Comparative Example 4:

[0051] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, aspartic acid: 23.4g+0.112g+1g; surfactant Tween 80: 20g; the rest is water.

[0052] Weigh aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the above concentration and required preparation amount; directly put aspartic acid into water to dissolve, stir evenly, then add surfactant in sequence, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain composite foliar conditioner 7.

[0053] Comparative Example 5:

[0054] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, sodium sulfide: 23.4g + 0.112g + 1g; surfactant Tween 80: 20g; the rest is water.

[0055] Sodium sulfide, surfactant and water were weighed according to the above concentration and the required preparation amount; sodium sulfide was directly put into water to dissolve, and after stirring evenly, surfactant was added and stirred to dissolve evenly to obtain composite foliar conditioner 8.

[0056] Comparative Example 6:

[0057] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, NaHS: 23.4g+1g+0.112g; surfactant Tween 80: 20g; the rest is water.

[0058] Weigh NaHS, surfactant, and water according to the above concentration and required preparation amount; directly dissolve NaHS in water and stir to dissolve evenly to obtain composite foliar conditioner 9.

[0059] Comparative Example 7:

[0060] Taking 100L of foliar conditioner as an example, the surfactant Tween 80:20g; the rest is water.

[0061] Weigh the surfactant and water according to the above concentration and the required preparation amount; directly put the surfactant into the water to dissolve, and stir to dissolve evenly to obtain the composite foliar conditioner 10.

[0062] The composite foliar conditioners in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 are evaluated below:

[0063] Spraying effect verification test: Field plot tests were conducted on the composite foliar conditioners in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7. The test process was as follows:

[0064] Specifically:

[0065] Test location: Lijia Village, Luofang Town, Yushui District, Xinyu City

[0066] Experimental fields: total cadmium content in the soil was 0.67 mg / kg; pH was 5.4, available cadmium content was 0.39 mg / kg, and the rice varieties were uniform, which was the main local variety (Geliangyou 5128).

[0067] Trial time: 2024 mid-season rice season

[0068] Experimental setup: The above examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-7 were treated in a single treatment area, and the entire field was divided into 44 plots, each with an area of ​​20m 2, leaving 25cm of space between plots, and no ridges. All plots were in the same field, with identical growth environment, soil fertility, and other conditions. Every 4 plots constituted a treatment area (4 replicates), for a total of 11 treatment areas. Treatment area 1 was the blank control group CK (sprayed with an equal amount of water), and treatment areas 2-11 were treated with the composite foliar conditioners of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7, respectively.

[0069] The application rate of each composite foliar conditioner is 20 kg / mu; the spraying site is the rice leaves and the back of the leaves. The composite foliar control agent should be sprayed before 10 am and after 4 pm on sunny or cloudy days. The optimal spraying temperature range is 25°C.

[0070] Starting from the heading stage of rice, use a backpack sprayer to spray the rice in each treatment area once every 10 days, and spray continuously for 4 times.

[0071] Other field water and fertilizer management methods and pest and disease control methods remain consistent with traditional methods. After the rice matures (early November), it is harvested and the yield of each plot is measured. The rice grains are collected and threshed; and the cadmium content in the rice is measured.

[0072] The cadmium content of brown rice was determined by adding 5 mL of nitric acid and 3.0 mL of hydrogen peroxide solution to a 0.1 g sample of brown rice powder. The sample was covered and then digested overnight. The sample was digested in a graphite digester for 2 hours and the volume was adjusted to 25 mL. The cadmium concentration in the digestate was analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0073] Table 1 Differences in rice yield and cadmium content in brown rice among treatments

[0074]

[0075] Note 1: Except for the different treatment methods, the other conventional cultivation methods of each group in the table are the same.

[0076] Note 2: According to the requirements of "GB 2762-2022 National Food Safety Standard Limits of Contaminants in Food", the cadmium content of qualified rice is less than or equal to 0.2 mg / kg.

[0077] According to the experimental results of the above examples, the present invention utilizes the synergistic effect between NaHS, sodium sulfide and aspartic acid, and adopts surfactants to increase the spreading area, thereby significantly improving the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice. Compared with the blank group and comparative example group 7, the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 90%.

[0078] In summary, the present invention discloses a composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice and an application method thereof. The composite foliar conditioner comprises: NaHS at a concentration of 20-30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide at a concentration of 2-4 mmol / L; aspartic acid at a concentration of 10-15 mg / L; Tween 80 at a concentration of 0.1-0.3 g / L; and water as the remainder. Starting from the heading stage of rice, the composite foliar conditioner is sprayed at a rate of 20-30 kg per mu; sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed continuously for 3-5 times. The present invention utilizes the synergistic effect of NaHS, sodium sulfide, and aspartic acid, adopts a surfactant to increase the spreading area, and thereby significantly improves the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice, with the cadmium reduction efficiency being able to reach over 80%. The foliar conditioner of the present invention has simple ingredients, is easy to operate, and has outstanding effects.

[0079] At this point, those skilled in the art will recognize that, although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the present invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice, characterized in that: The composite foliage conditioner comprises the following components: NaHS; sodium sulfide; aspartic acid; surfactant; water; The composite foliar conditioner component formula is: NaHS: 20-30 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 2-4 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10-15 mg / L; surfactant: 0.1-0.3 g / L; the balance is water.

2. A composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the composite foliage conditioner, the surfactant is Tween 80 or OP-10.

3. The composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The composite foliar conditioner component formula is: NaHS: 20 μmol / L; sodium sulfide: 3 mmol / L; aspartic acid: 10 mg / L; surfactant: 0.2 g / L; the balance is water.

4. The composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite foliage conditioner is as follows: Weigh NaHS, sodium sulfide, aspartic acid, surfactant and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amount; directly put NaHS into water to dissolve, stir evenly, then add sodium sulfide, aspartic acid and surfactant in sequence, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain the compound foliar conditioner, which should be prepared before use and should not be stored for more than 6 hours.

5. The method for applying the composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The application method is: Starting from the heading stage of rice, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray continuously 3-5 times.

6. The method for applying the composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The application amount of the composite foliar conditioner is 20-30 kg / mu.

7. The method for applying the composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The spraying parts are the rice leaf surface and the back of the leaf.

8. The method for applying the composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The composite foliar barrier agent is sprayed before 10 a.m. and after 4 p.m. on sunny or cloudy days.

9. The method for applying the composite foliar conditioner for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The suitable temperature range for spraying the composite foliar barrier agent is 15-30°C.

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