Mountain range and mountainous region characteristic lacquer wood stack wood house space construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mountain range and mountain land characteristic lacquer wood stack wood house space construction method. The method comprises the steps that S1, lacquer trees, stone plates and auxiliary materials suitable for constructing a stack wood house are selected; s2, a strip-shaped foundation is excavated, a rubble cushion layer is laid, and a foundation wall is built with glutinous rice mortar; s3, lacquer trees are processed into beam column structural parts, a floor bearing system is built, the bottoms of stand columns are embedded into foundation stone grooves, and cross beams are erected on the tops of the stand columns through mortise and tenon joints; s4, the stone slabs are machined, bamboo skin nets are laid on the cross beams, the stone slabs are embedded after the sticky rice mortar is poured, and the steps are repeated for 2-3 layers to form floor slabs; s5, the top layer is laid through imbricated stone slabs, the stone slabs are laid layer by layer from the cornice to the ridge, and the top is subjected to edge closing through special triangular stone slabs; and S6, finally, the surface of the mud wall is sequentially coated with raw lacquer priming paint, intermediate paint and finish paint, a wear-resisting paint film with the thickness being 0.5 mm is finally formed, and construction of the lacquer wood stack wood house space is completed. On the premise that cement is not used, floor adding and space optimizing of the wood stacking house are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to a method for constructing a space of a lacquered wood pile wooden house with mountain characteristics. Background Art

[0002] The slate houses in the Qinba Mountains are traditional dwellings with distinct regional characteristics. They use stone for walls and roofs, and lacquered wood for structural support, reflecting the wisdom of local residents in living in harmony with nature. However, traditional slate houses have the following problems: 1. Single-layer structure leads to low space utilization; 2. The stones are simply stacked together, resulting in poor structural stability; 3. The wood’s anti-corrosion ability is insufficient and it is prone to decay after long-term use; 4. Modern renovations often use materials such as cement, which destroy the original appearance.

[0003] Therefore, a method for constructing a mountain-style lacquered wood pile wooden house space is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for constructing the space of a lacquered wooden stack house with mountain characteristics. It can realize the addition of floors and space optimization of the stack house without using cement, and simultaneously restore the regional characteristics such as "well"-shaped stack wood and stone slab pressed tiles, providing a fully natural technical path for the ecological protection and functional upgrading of traditional dwellings.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the above purpose is: A method for constructing a mountain-featured lacquered wood pile wooden house space, comprising: Step S1, selecting lacquer trees, stone slabs and auxiliary materials suitable for building a wooden house; Step S2: digging a strip foundation, laying a rough stone cushion layer, and building a foundation wall with glutinous rice mortar to a depth of not less than 1.2 meters; Step S3: Processing the lacquer tree into beam and column structural members to build the floor load-bearing system, with the bottom of the column embedded in the foundation stone groove and the top of the column erected with a crossbeam through mortise and tenon joints; Step S4: Processing the stone slabs by laying bamboo strips on the beams, pouring glutinous rice mortar and then embedding the stone slabs, repeating 2-3 layers to form the floor slabs; Step S5: The top floor is paved with imbricated stone slabs, which are laid layer by layer from the eaves to the ridge, and the top is trimmed with special triangular stone slabs; Step S6, finally, apply raw lacquer primer, mid-coat and topcoat on the mud wall surface in sequence, and dry each layer for 72 hours, finally forming a 0.5mm thick wear-resistant paint film to complete the construction of the painted wood pile wooden house space.

[0006] Preferably, in step S1, Directionally select sumac trees on sunny slopes with a tree age of 40 - 60 years and a diameter at breast height of 25 - 35 cm; Cut into regular rectangular stone slabs through manual mining or mechanical cutting. The natural texture and chisel marks are retained on the surface of the stone slabs. The selected thickness of the stone slabs is 8 - 12 cm, and the hardness is 3 - 4 on the Mohs hardness scale; The auxiliary materials include glutinous rice mortar, bamboo strips, straw, and rock wool. Among them, the glutinous rice mortar is made by mixing glutinous rice juice, lime, and loess in proportion.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, double - layer stone slabs sandwiching glutinous rice mortar are used to build the inner and outer walls. The construction interval for each layer is 24 hours. For every three layers of double - layer stone slabs laid, a layer of bamboo strip woven net is embedded. At the corner, sumac wooden columns and stones are connected through a mortise - and - tenon structure to form an "L" - shaped reinforcement structure; Among them, the mortise - and - tenon structure is a double - dovetail nested tenon + bamboo nail reinforcement. The length of the two - way dovetail tenon head reaches 2 / 3 of the cross - section width, and it is cooperated with bamboo nails soaked in tung oil with a length of 15 mm for vertical locking. The mortise - and - tenon processing uses a CNC woodworking machine to precisely mill the dovetail groove, and the error of the bamboo nail hole position is ≤0.5 mm.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, aiming at the difference in mountain slopes, a stone grid cage with dimensions of 50 cm×50 cm×30 cm is designed, filled with a mixture of crushed stone and clay and tamped layer by layer. The height of the foundation is adjusted according to the terrain to form a stepped foundation.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the bark of the sumac tree is stripped off. After drying through the "three - season aging" standard process, the sumac wood is soaked by the raw lacquer and tung oil deep - soaking process to form a natural paint film anti - corrosion layer on the surface of the sumac wood, completing the processing of the sumac wood, and they are respectively used as columns and beams; the bottom of the column is embedded in the stone groove of the foundation, and the spacing does not exceed 3 meters.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, the splicing surface of the stone slab is roughened, and dovetail grooves or concave - convex grooves are processed at the edge of the stone slab for splicing between the stone slabs, completing the processing of the stone slabs.

[0011] Preferably, in step S4, the stone slabs and the bamboo strip net are alternately laid, and a clay - straw mud slab or a rock wool thermal insulation layer with a thickness of 8 - 10 cm is poured in the middle.

[0012] Preferably, in step S5, data of "narrow at the top and wide at the bottom with a 3° - 5° taper" of the traditional stacked - log house are extracted through 3D scanning. Combining parametric design, the "well" - shaped stacked - log structure is reproduced. Slate is cut into fish - scale - shaped units and laid at a slope of 35° - 40°. The joints between the stone slabs are caulked with glutinous rice mortar, and sumac wooden cantilevers are set at the eaves.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The whole process of the present invention uses natural materials such as lacquered wood, stone, bamboo and grass, with the carbon emissions reduced by 70% compared with the cement renovation plan, and the raw lacquer anti-corrosion process avoids chemical agent pollution; The present invention uses glutinous rice mortar instead of traditional cement, with the lateral displacement resistance and seismic performance meeting the requirements of modern building codes, and the number of floors can be increased from 1 to 3, with the space utilization rate increased by 60%-80%; The processes such as lacquer art finish and rammed earth inlaid with stones of the present invention have been recognized by the Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center, completely retaining the architectural philosophy of "wood structure as the bone and lacquer art as the soul" in the Qinba Mountain area, providing a replicable technical template for the protection of traditional villages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for constructing the space of a lacquered wood stack house with the characteristics of mountain ranges and mountains of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0015] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] As Figure 1 shown, a method for constructing the space of a lacquered wood stack house with the characteristics of mountain ranges and mountains includes: Step S1, select lacquer trees, stone slabs and auxiliary materials suitable for constructing the stack house.

[0017] In the embodiment, the lacquer trees on the sunny slope with a tree age of 40-60 years and a breast diameter of 25-35 cm are selected directionally. The lacquer trees have natural anti-corrosion characteristics and can extend the building life; The stone slabs are cut into regular rectangles by manual mining or mechanical cutting. The natural texture and chisel marks are reserved on the surface of the stone slabs. The selected thickness of the stone slabs is 8-12 cm and the hardness is Mohs hardness 3-4. The natural texture and chisel marks are reserved on the surface of the stone slabs to maintain the traditional texture; The auxiliary materials include glutinous rice mortar, bamboo strips, straw and rock wool. Among them, the glutinous rice mortar is made by mixing glutinous rice juice, lime and loess in proportion, replacing the traditional cement to ensure the ecological environment protection of the materials and meet the traditional process.

[0018] Step S2, excavate a strip foundation, lay a rubble cushion, and build a foundation wall with glutinous rice mortar, with the depth not less than 1.2 meters.

[0019] In the embodiment, double-layer stone slabs sandwiching glutinous rice mortar are used to build the inner and outer walls. The construction interval for each layer is 24 hours. For every three layers of double-layer stone slabs laid, one layer of bamboo woven mesh is embedded to enhance the shear resistance. At the corner, lacquered wood columns and stones are connected through a mortise and tenon structure to form an "L"-shaped reinforcement structure. Among them, the mortise and tenon structure is a double dovetail nested tenon + bamboo nail reinforcement. The length of the double dovetail tenon head reaches 2 / 3 of the cross-section width, and it is cooperated with 15mm tung oil-soaked bamboo nails for vertical locking. The mortise and tenon are processed by a CNC woodworking machine to precisely mill the dovetail groove, and the error of the bamboo nail hole position is ≤0.5mm. At the corner, lacquered wood columns and stones are connected through a mortise and tenon structure. After load tests, it is verified that the load-bearing capacity per square meter reaches 2.5kN, and the load-bearing capacity is increased by 50% compared with the traditional pure wood structure system.

[0020] In the embodiment, aiming at the differences in mountain slopes, stone grid cages with dimensions of 50cm×50cm×30cm are designed, filled with a mixture of crushed stones and clay and tamped layer by layer. The height of the foundation is adjusted according to the terrain to form a stepped foundation. Through finite element analysis, the anti-lateral displacement ability is increased by 40%, and it can resist a magnitude 6 earthquake.

[0021] Step S3: Process the lacquer tree into beam and column structural members, build the floor load-bearing system, embed the bottom of the column into the foundation stone groove, and install the cross beam on the top of the column through mortise and tenon.

[0022] In the embodiment, the bark of the lacquer tree is peeled off, dried through the standard process of "three-season aging" to remove the residual urushiol, and the lacquered wood is soaked by the deep soaking process of raw lacquer and tung oil to form a natural paint film anti-corrosion layer on the surface of the lacquered wood, isolating water vapor and pests, and used as columns and cross beams respectively; the bottom of the column is embedded in the foundation stone groove, and the spacing does not exceed 3 meters.

[0023] Step S4: Process the stone slabs, lay the bamboo woven mesh on the cross beam, pour glutinous rice mortar and then embed the stone slabs. Repeat 2 - 3 layers to form the floor slab. The stone slabs provide strength, and the bamboo woven mesh enhances toughness; the self-weight is only 1 / 3 of that of the traditional concrete floor slab, and it has both lightweight and fireproof properties.

[0024] In the embodiment, the splicing surface of the stone slab is roughened to enhance the adhesion of the glutinous rice mortar, and dovetail grooves or concave-convex grooves are processed on the edge of the stone slab for splicing between the stone slabs to improve the integrity of the wall.

[0025] In the embodiment, the stone slabs and the bamboo woven mesh are alternately laid, and an 8 - 10cm clay and straw mud board or rock wool insulation layer is poured in the middle. Through thermal performance testing, the thermal conductivity λ≤0.35W / (m·K), and the sound insulation reaches 30dB, having both heat insulation, sound insulation and the characteristics of local materials.

[0026] Step S5: The top layer is laid with overlapping stone slabs, and the stone slabs are laid layer by layer from the eaves to the ridge, and the top is trimmed with special triangular stone slabs.

[0027] In the embodiment, data of "narrow upper part and wide lower part with a 3° - 5° taper" of the traditional log cabin is extracted through three-dimensional scanning. The "well"-shaped log structure is reproduced by combining parametric design, and the traditional pitched roof form is retained. Slate is cut into fish-scale-shaped units and laid at a slope of 35° - 40°. The slates are jointed with glutinous rice mortar, and lacquered wooden cantilevers are set at the eaves to enhance the rain-proof effect. The wind resistance load is ≥ 0.5 kN / m² through wind tunnel tests, and the traditional pattern of "eaves tiles and drip tiles" is synchronously retained.

[0028] Step S6. Finally, raw lacquer primer, intermediate lacquer, and topcoat are successively applied to the mud wall surface, with each application dried at an interval of 72 hours, and finally a wear-resistant paint film with a thickness of 0.5 mm is formed to complete the spatial construction of the lacquered log cabin.

[0029] The present invention completely uses local stone materials, lacquered wood, and traditional techniques to restore the simple and primitive style of the slate houses in the Qinling - Bashan Mountains. The floor area is expanded through the beam - column structure, and the space utilization rate is increased by more than 50%. The materials are taken from nature, biodegradable, and there are no polluting building materials such as cement. The combination of mortise - tenon splicing and glutinous rice mortar significantly enhances the seismic performance, and the service life is extended by more than 30 years.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing the space of a characteristic lacquered log house in mountainous areas, characterized in that, include: Step S1, selecting lacquer trees, stone slabs and auxiliary materials suitable for building a wooden house; Step S2: digging a strip foundation, laying a rough stone cushion layer, and building a foundation wall with glutinous rice mortar to a depth of not less than 1.2 meters; Step S3: Processing the lacquer tree into beam and column structural members to build the floor load-bearing system, with the bottom of the column embedded in the foundation stone groove and the top of the column erected with a crossbeam through mortise and tenon joints; Step S4: Processing the stone slabs by laying bamboo strips on the beams, pouring glutinous rice mortar and then embedding the stone slabs, repeating 2-3 layers to form the floor slabs; Step S5: The top floor is paved with imbricated stone slabs, which are laid layer by layer from the eaves to the ridge, and the top is trimmed with special triangular stone slabs; Step S6, finally, apply raw lacquer primer, mid-coat and topcoat on the mud wall surface in sequence, and dry each layer for 72 hours, finally forming a 0.5mm thick wear-resistant paint film to complete the construction of the painted wood pile wooden house space.

2. The method for constructing the space of a characteristic lacquered log house in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S1, Directed selection of lacquer trees on sunny slopes with an age of 40-60 years and a diameter at breast height of 25-35 cm; The stone is mined manually or cut mechanically into regular rectangular slabs, with the natural texture and chisel marks on the surface retained. The thickness of the slabs is 8-12cm and the hardness is 3-4 on the Mohs hardness scale. Auxiliary materials include glutinous rice mortar, bamboo strips, straw and rock wool. Among them, glutinous rice mortar is made by mixing glutinous rice juice, lime and loess in proportion.

3. A method for constructing the space of a characteristic lacquered log house in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, double-layer stone slabs with glutinous rice mortar are used to build the inner and outer walls. The construction interval of each layer is 24 hours. After laying three layers of double-layer stone slabs, a layer of bamboo woven mesh is embedded. At the corners of the wall, lacquered wooden columns are connected to the stone through mortise and tenon structures to form an "L"-shaped reinforcement structure. Among them, the mortise and tenon structure is a double dovetail nested mortise + bamboo nail reinforcement. The length of the two-way dovetail tenon head is 2 / 3 of the cross-section width, and it is vertically locked with 15mm tung oil soaked bamboo nails. The mortise and tenon processing uses CNC woodworking machines to precisely mill the dovetail grooves, and the bamboo nail hole position error is ≤0.5mm.

4. A method for constructing a spatial structure of a characteristic lacquered log house in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, a 50 cm × 50 cm × 30 cm stone grid cage is designed to account for the difference in mountain slopes. The cage is filled with a crushed stone-clay mixture and compacted layer by layer. The foundation height is adjusted according to the terrain to form a stepped foundation.

5. A method for constructing the space of a characteristic lacquered log house in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the bark of the lacquer tree is peeled off, dried through the "three-season aging" standard process, and then soaked in lacquer wood using a deep soaking process of raw lacquer and tung oil to form a natural lacquer film anti-corrosion layer on the surface of the lacquer wood. The lacquer wood processing is completed and used as columns and beams respectively; the bottom of the columns are embedded in the foundation stone groove, and the spacing is not more than 3 meters.

6. A method for constructing the space of a characteristic lacquered log house in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the joint surfaces of the stone slabs are roughened, and dovetail grooves or concave-convex grooves are processed on the edges of the stone slabs for jointing between the stone slabs, thereby completing the stone slab processing.

7. A method for constructing the space of a characteristic lacquered log house in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, stone slabs and bamboo meshes are laid alternately, and an 8-10 cm clay straw slab or rock wool insulation layer is poured in between.

8. A method for constructing the space of a characteristic lacquered log house in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the data of the traditional stacked wooden house, which is "narrow at the top and wide at the bottom with a 3°-5° taper", is extracted through three-dimensional scanning, and the "well"-shaped stacked wooden structure is reproduced in combination with parametric design. Slate is cut into fish-scale units and laid at a slope of 35°-40°. The joints between the stone slabs are grouted with glutinous rice mortar, and lacquered wooden beams are set at the eaves.

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