Power distribution network branch line fault line-side load transfer method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a power distribution network branch line fault line load transfer method and system, and relates to the technical field of load transfer, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the voltage and current data of a power distribution network in real time, locating a branch line fault point based on the voltage and current abrupt change characteristics, controlling the nearest upstream and downstream section switches to trip, and isolating a fault section; constructing a multi-layer topological structure by taking the first section switch at the downstream of the fault point as a starting point; on the basis of upstream available section switches, calculating an electrical distance path, screening candidate switches meeting topological connectivity constraints, and selecting the section switch with the shortest electrical distance and meeting the total load requirement as a main transfer supply source; when the capacity of the main transfer supply source is insufficient, a capacity gap is calculated, the suboptimal section switch is selected, and a parallel transfer path of the main transfer supply source and the suboptimal section switch is formed. The method has the advantages that by accurately positioning the fault point, constructing a multi-layer topological structure and intelligently selecting the load transfer source, the load is quickly and reliably transferred, and the emergency response capability of the power distribution network is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of load transfer, and particularly to a method and system for load transfer along a distribution network branch line fault. Background Art

[0002] The method for load transfer along a distribution network branch line fault is an important means to ensure power supply continuity when a distribution network fails. With the expansion of the scale of the power system and the increase in load demand, the reliability and stability of the distribution network become particularly important. A branch line fault will cause some users to lose power supply, affecting daily life and industrial production. Therefore, fast and effective load transfer has become an important technical means to improve the reliability of the distribution network.

[0003] Currently, the methods and systems for load transfer along a distribution network branch line fault on the market rely on simple fault detection and switch control, lacking precise fault location and intelligent load transfer decision-making for the fault point. Traditional methods rely more on fixed pattern recognition or only on local current and voltage changes when locating the fault point, and may not be able to achieve efficient and accurate fault isolation under complex topological structures. Secondly, existing solutions often cannot dynamically evaluate and adjust the load transfer path. When the remaining capacity of the main load transfer source is insufficient, there is a lack of an effective mechanism to select sub-optimal switches and dynamically adjust the load distribution. This leads to the situation that when there is load overload or load fluctuation, the system may not be able to respond in time, easily causing system instability or an expansion of the power outage range. In addition, traditional methods rely too much on manual configuration or preset paths in topological structure construction, lacking flexibility and intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the existing methods and systems, a method and system for load transfer along a distribution network branch line fault are provided. This method ensures fast and reliable load transfer, improves the emergency response ability and system stability of the distribution network by precisely locating the fault point, constructing a multi-layer topological structure, and intelligently selecting the load transfer source.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for load transfer along a distribution network branch line fault, comprising: Collecting real-time distribution network fault information data, locating the branch line fault point based on the voltage and current mutation characteristics, and controlling the upstream and downstream sectional switches closest to the fault point to trip, forming a fault isolation section; Based on the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, constructing a multi-layer topological structure downstream along the branch line, each layer including the sectional switch and the set of load nodes directly connected to it, until the end of the branch line; Based on all available sectional switches upstream of the current layer, obtain the electrical distance paths from each sectional switch to the sectional switch at the current level, and filter out the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints to form a candidate set; Based on the electrical distance paths of each sectional switch in the candidate set, select the sectional switch that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance as the main transfer power source; When the remaining capacity of the main transfer power source is insufficient, calculate the capacity gap, select the sub-optimal sectional switch in the candidate set, and generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal connection switch.

[0006] Preferably, the real-time acquisition of the distribution network fault information data, the location of the branch line fault point based on the voltage and current mutation characteristics, and the control of the upstream and downstream sectional switches closest to the fault point to trip to form a fault isolation section specifically includes: Based on the sensor devices at key positions of the distribution network, the voltage and current data on the distribution line are monitored in real time; Based on the obtained voltage and current data, by comparing and analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault and the topological structure of the distribution network, and using multi-point data for difference comparison, determine the specific location where the fault occurs; Based on the location of the fault point, according to single-phase faults and multi-phase faults, control the sectional switch closest to the fault point to trip to form a fault isolation section.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-layer topological structure is constructed downstream along the branch line with the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, and each layer includes the sectional switch and the set of load nodes directly connected to it until the end of the branch line specifically includes: Based on the location of the fault point, use the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node of the topological structure to construct a multi-layer topological structure; Based on the starting node, list the load nodes directly connected to it as the node set of the current layer; Based on the distribution network branch line, expand the topological structure downstream, obtain the sectional switch directly connected to the nodes of the previous layer as the starting point for each layer and continue to expand downstream, and list the load nodes directly connected to this sectional switch; Construct the topological structure for each layer until reaching the end of the branch line, construct the topological structure for each layer until reaching the end of the branch line; Based on the constructed multi-layer topological structure, confirm and correct it to ensure the accuracy of the multi-layer topological structure.

[0008] Preferably, the obtaining of the electrical distance paths from each sectional switch to the sectional switch at the current level based on all available sectional switches upstream of the current layer, and the filtering out of the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints to form a candidate set specifically includes: Obtain all sectional switches before the current layer through a multi-layer topology structure, and determine whether they are available based on the states of the sectional switches; Based on all available sectional switches, obtain their position data, and obtain the electrical distance paths from each available sectional switch to the sectional switch of the current layer through the Dijkstra algorithm; Filter out the sectional switches between each available sectional switch and the sectional switch of the current layer where there is an electrical path connection and current can propagate through these paths; Form a candidate set based on the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints.

[0009] Preferably, the selection of the sectional switch with the shortest electrical distance that meets the total load demand of the current layer as the main transfer power source based on the electrical distance paths of each sectional switch in the candidate set specifically includes: Obtain the load demand data of each node when the distribution network is not faulty; Based on the load demand data of each node, filter out the sectional switches in the candidate set that can meet the total load demand of the current layer; Based on each sectional switch in the candidate set, calculate its electrical distance path to each load node of the current layer through the topology of the distribution network; Based on the calculation results of the electrical distance, sort the sectional switches in the candidate set from short to long in terms of distance, and select the sectional switch with the shortest electrical distance and meeting the load demand as the main transfer power source.

[0010] Preferably, when the remaining capacity of the main transfer power source is insufficient, calculate the capacity gap, select the sub-optimal sectional switch in the candidate set, and generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal connection switch, which specifically includes: Real-time monitor the load status of the main transfer power source, and when the total load demand changes abnormally, calculate the capacity gap of the main transfer power source; Based on the size of the capacity gap, filter out the sectional switches in the candidate set, and obtain the candidate sectional switches whose available capacity can meet the gap requirements and the electrical distance from the candidate switch to the main transfer power source is short; Generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal sectional switch based on the obtained sub-optimal sectional switch as a supplementary source; Based on the capacity gap and the capacity of the parallel path, dynamically allocate the load of each path.

[0011] Furthermore, a load transfer system for the line along the branch line fault of the distribution network is proposed, including: Fault location module: The fault location module is used to collect the voltage and current data of the distribution network in real time, and accurately locate the fault occurrence point through voltage and current waveform analysis and multi-point difference comparison; Section switch control module: The section switch control module controls the upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point to trip according to the position of the fault point, forming a fault isolation section to ensure the safe isolation of the fault area; Topology structure construction module: The topology structure construction module constructs a multi-layer topology structure downstream along the branch line starting from the first section switch downstream of the fault point until the end of the branch line; Electrical path and screening module: The electrical path and screening module obtains the electrical distance path from the upstream section switch to the current layer section switch using the Dijkstra algorithm and performs screening; Main power transfer source selection module: The main power transfer source selection module selects the one with the shortest electrical distance and capable of meeting the total load demand as the main power transfer source based on the electrical distance paths and load demands of each section switch; Sub-optimal section switch module: The sub-optimal section switch module is used to calculate the capacity gap when the remaining capacity of the main power transfer source is insufficient, obtain the sub-optimal section switch, form a parallel power transfer path, and dynamically adjust the load distribution; Processor: The processor is used to process the calculation processes of various formulas and the construction and calculation processes of various models.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: By collecting voltage and current data in real time, combining voltage and current waveform analysis with the topology structure, the fault point can be accurately located, the fault can be quickly responded to, and the fault isolation and system security of the distribution network can be ensured. Secondly, based on the construction method of the multi-layer topology structure, the relationship between each section switch and its connected load nodes can be effectively identified, ensuring the feasibility and accuracy of the load transfer path. By calculating the electrical distance using the Dijkstra algorithm, the optimal power transfer source is selected, and when the capacity of the main power transfer source is insufficient, the sub-optimal switch is dynamically selected to form a parallel power transfer path, ensuring the balanced distribution of the load and the stability of the system. This method not only improves the efficiency and reliability of load transfer, but also enhances the fault tolerance of the distribution network by intelligently adjusting the load distribution, reduces the power outage time and scope caused by faults, and enhances the elasticity and emergency response ability of the system. In addition, this method optimizes the resource utilization rate, minimizes the equipment load pressure of the distribution network, and ensures the continuous and stable operation of the power grid. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is the flowchart of the method for transferring the load along the fault of the branch line of the distribution network proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 It is the flowchart of forming the fault isolation section proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 It is the flowchart of constructing the multi-layer topology structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 Flow chart of forming a candidate set proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 Flow chart of screening the main transfer power source proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 Flow chart of generating a parallel transfer power path proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 Architecture diagram of the electronic device in this solution; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the computer-readable storage medium in this solution. Specific implementation manners

[0014] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variants.

[0015] The load transfer system along the branch line fault of the distribution network includes: Fault location module: The fault location module is used to collect the voltage and current data of the distribution network in real time, and accurately locate the fault point through voltage and current waveform analysis and multi-point difference comparison; Section switch control module: The section switch control module controls the upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point to trip according to the position of the fault point, forms a fault isolation section, and ensures safe isolation of the fault area; Topology structure construction module: The topology structure construction module constructs a multi-layer topology structure downstream along the branch line starting from the first section switch downstream of the fault point until the end of the branch line; Electrical path and screening module: The electrical path and screening module obtains the electrical distance path from the upstream section switch to the current layer section switch using the Dijkstra algorithm and performs screening; Main transfer power source selection module: The main transfer power source selection module selects the one with the shortest electrical distance and capable of meeting the total load demand as the main transfer power source based on the electrical distance paths and load demands of each section switch; Sub-optimal section switch module: The sub-optimal section switch module is used to calculate the capacity gap when the remaining capacity of the main transfer power source is insufficient, obtain the sub-optimal section switch, form a parallel transfer power path, and dynamically adjust the load distribution; Processor: The processor is used to process the calculation processes of each formula and the construction and calculation processes of each model.

[0016] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the load transfer method along the branch line fault of the distribution network includes: Step 1: Collect the fault information data of the distribution network in real time, locate the fault point on the branch line based on the voltage and current mutation characteristics, and control the upstream and downstream sectional switches closest to the fault point to trip, forming a fault isolation section; Step 2: Taking the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, construct a multi-layer topology structure downstream along the branch line. Each layer includes the sectional switch and the set of load nodes directly connected to it until the end of the branch line; Step 3: Based on all available sectional switches upstream of the current layer, obtain the electrical distance paths from each sectional switch to the sectional switch of the current layer, and screen the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints to form a candidate set; Step 4: Based on the electrical distance paths of each sectional switch in the candidate set, select the sectional switch that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance as the main power transfer source; Step 5: When the remaining capacity of the main power transfer source is insufficient, calculate the capacity gap, select the sub-optimal sectional switch in the candidate set, and generate a parallel power transfer path between the main power transfer source and the sub-optimal connection switch.

[0017] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, collecting the fault information data of the distribution network in real time, locating the fault point on the branch line based on the voltage and current mutation characteristics, and controlling the upstream and downstream sectional switches closest to the fault point to trip to form a fault isolation section specifically includes: Based on the sensor devices at key positions of the distribution network, monitor the voltage and current data on the distribution line in real time; Based on the obtained voltage and current data, by comparing and analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault and the topological structure of the distribution network, and using multi-point data for difference comparison, determine the specific location where the fault occurs; Based on the location of the fault point, according to single-phase faults and multi-phase faults, control the sectional switch closest to the fault point to trip, forming a fault isolation section.

[0018] Specifically, collect the voltage and current data of the distribution line in real time, compare the differences in the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault. For the waveforms during normal operation, the amplitude of the instantaneous voltage and current and the shape of the waveform can be calculated. After a fault occurs, the waveform will change sharply; Usually, a single-phase fault only affects one power supply line. After detecting a single-phase fault, the line where the fault is located can be determined by calculating the differences in the data of each sensor, and the fault area can be isolated from the normal power supply area through the sectional switch closest to the fault point; According to the determined fault location, control the sectional switch to trip to isolate the fault section. At this time, the current path is controlled by tripping to protect other normally operating parts of the distribution network.

[0019] Refer to Figure 3As shown, starting from the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, a multi-layer topology structure is constructed downstream along the branch line. Each layer includes the sectional switch and the set of load nodes directly connected to it until the end of the branch line. Specifically: Based on the location of the fault point, use the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node of the topology structure to construct a multi-layer topology structure; Based on the starting node, list the load nodes directly connected to it as the node set of the current layer; Expand the topology structure downstream along the distribution network branch line. Obtain the sectional switch directly connected to the nodes of the previous layer as the starting point and continue to expand downstream, and list the load nodes directly connected to this sectional switch; Construct the topology structure for each layer until reaching the end of the branch line. Construct the topology structure for each layer until reaching the end of the branch line; Based on the completed multi-layer topology structure, perform confirmation and correction to ensure the accuracy of the multi-layer topology structure.

[0020] Specifically, once the first sectional switch is determined, the load nodes directly connected to this sectional switch need to be listed next. The load nodes are usually the loads in the distribution network, and the current and voltage of these nodes are affected by the downstream circuit; The first layer of the topology structure is the sub-network formed by the first sectional switch and the set of load nodes directly connected to it. The topology structure is constructed layer by layer through a recursive method. The topology structure of each layer consists of the sectional switch and load nodes directly connected to the nodes of the previous layer; The node set of the current layer is (node set of the i-th layer). For each node , determine whether there is a connection between this node and the downstream sectional switch . If there is a connection, enter the next layer of the topology structure. For each sectional switch , list the load nodes directly connected to it , and add these load nodes to the next layer . It is expressed by the formula: ; Among them, is the set of load nodes directly connected to the sectional switch ; Each time when expanding, it should be noted that the node set of each layer of the topology structure should be composed of the load nodes reached by the node set of the previous layer through the sectional switch. Through this recursive process, expand layer by layer until reaching the end of the branch line, that is, until there are no more sectional switches or load node connections; After the multi-layer topology structure is constructed, it is necessary to confirm and correct the final topology structure to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the structure.

[0021] Refer to Figure 4 As shown, based on all available sectional switches upstream of the current layer, obtain the electrical distance paths from each sectional switch to the sectional switch of the current level, and filter out the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints to form a candidate set. Specifically include: Obtain all sectional switches before the current layer through the multi-layer topology structure, and judge whether they are available based on the status of each sectional switch; Based on all available sectional switches, obtain their position data, and use the Dijkstra algorithm to obtain the electrical distance paths from each available sectional switch to the sectional switch of the current level; Filter out the sectional switches where there is an electrical path connection between each available sectional switch and the sectional switch of the current level and the current can propagate through these paths; Based on the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints, form a candidate set.

[0022] Specifically, obtain all sectional switches before the current layer through the constructed distribution network topology structure. Each sectional switch is in a different state, including normal, faulty, and tripped. Filter out the available sectional switches according to the state of the sectional switch; For each available sectional switch, calculate the electrical distance from this sectional switch to the current level through the Dijkstra algorithm, which is simplified to the cable length, load distribution, and transmission impedance in the network topology; The basic principle of the Dijkstra algorithm is to continuously select the node with the current shortest path and update the distance values of other nodes connected to it until all nodes are traversed. The formula is: ; Among them, is the i-th sectional switch, is the sectional switch of the current level, is the sectional switch connected to the current sectional switch, is the sectional switch to is the electrical distance; By checking the electrical path connectivity, that is, checking whether there is an effective path between two sectional switches and the current passability, that is, checking whether the current can propagate smoothly on this path, filter out the sectional switches; Through the above steps, filter out the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints and the current can pass through, and form a candidate set.

[0023] Refer to Figure 5As shown in the figure, based on the electrical distance paths of each sectional switch in the candidate set, selecting the sectional switch that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance as the main transfer power source specifically includes: Obtain the load demand data of each node when the distribution network is operating normally; Based on the load demand data of each node, screen out the sectional switches in the candidate set that can meet the total load demand of the current layer; Based on each sectional switch in the candidate set, calculate its electrical distance path to each load node in the current layer through the topological structure of the distribution network; Based on the calculation results of the electrical distance, sort the sectional switches in the candidate set from the shortest to the longest distance, and select the sectional switch with the shortest electrical distance and meeting the load demand as the main transfer power source.

[0024] Specifically, when the distribution network is operating normally, obtain the load demand data of each load node. The candidate set contains all available sectional switches, and these switches may be connected to different load nodes. At the current level, select the sectional switches that can meet the total load demand of the current layer; For each candidate sectional switch, calculate whether it can meet the load demand of the current layer. The load supply capacity of the sectional switch is obtained through the rated current or rated power of the system. For each candidate sectional switch, if its load supply capacity meets the total load demand of the current layer, it is considered that the sectional switch can meet the load demand and enters the screened set; Calculate the electrical distance from these sectional switches to the load nodes in the current layer through the topological structure of the distribution network, and sort the candidate sectional switches according to the size of the electrical distance, and select the sectional switch with the shortest electrical distance as the main transfer power source.

[0025] Refer to Figure 6 As shown in the figure, when the remaining capacity of the main transfer power source is insufficient, calculate the capacity gap, and select the sub-optimal sectional switch in the candidate set to generate the parallel transfer path between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal sectional switch, which specifically includes: Real-time monitor the load status of the main transfer power source. When the total load demand changes abnormally, calculate the capacity gap of the main transfer power source; Based on the size of the capacity gap, screen the sectional switches in the candidate set to obtain the candidate sectional switches whose available capacity can meet the gap requirements and: the electrical distance from the candidate switch to the main transfer power source is short; Based on the obtained sub-optimal sectional switch as a supplementary source, generate the parallel transfer path between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal sectional switch; Based on the capacity gap and the capacity of the parallel path, dynamically allocate the load of each path.

[0026] Specifically, when the load demand changes abnormally, obtain the current total load demand, the rated capacity of the main transfer power source, and the current load of the main transfer power source, and calculate the difference between the current capacity of the main transfer power source and the total load demand, that is, the capacity gap; Screen out sectional switches from the candidate set that can meet the gap demand. The available capacity of the sectional switch is greater than or equal to the gap demand and the electrical distance from the sectional switch to the main transfer power source is short, ensuring the efficiency of the power supply path; According to the selected sub-optimal sectional switch, generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal sectional switch. This parallel path can share the load simultaneously, enhancing the reliability and stability of the power supply; According to the capacity gap and the capacity of the parallel path, dynamically allocate the load between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal sectional switch. The dynamic allocation of the load needs to ensure that the load on both paths does not exceed their maximum carrying capacity and the total load demand is met.

[0027] Furthermore, the method according to the embodiment of the present application can also be implemented by means of Figure 7 the architecture of the electronic device shown. As Figure 7 shown, the electronic device 500 may include a bus 501, one or more CPUs 502, a read-only memory (ROM) 503, a random access memory (RAM) 504, a communication port 505 connected to the network, an input / output component 506, a hard disk 507, etc. The storage device in the electronic device 500, such as the ROM 503 or the hard disk 507, may store the method and system for load transfer along the branch line fault of the distribution network provided by the present application. The electronic device 500 may also include a terminal interface 508. Of course, Figure 7 the architecture shown is only exemplary. When implementing different devices, one or more components shown in the Figure 7 electronic device may be omitted according to actual needs.

[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer-readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 8 shown, it is a computer-readable storage medium 600 according to an embodiment of the present application. Computer-readable instructions are stored on the computer-readable storage medium 600. When the computer-readable instructions are run by a processor, the method and system for load transfer along the branch line fault of the distribution network according to the embodiment of the present application described with reference to the above drawings can be executed. The storage medium 600 includes, but is not limited to, for example, volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and cache memory, etc. Non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0029] It should be noted that: The above order of the embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. In addition, the specific embodiments of this specification have been described. Moreover, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0030] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments.

[0031] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for transferring loads along a distribution network branch line during a fault, characterized in that, Including: Real-time collect the fault information data of the distribution network, locate the fault point of the branch line based on the voltage and current mutation characteristics, control the upstream and downstream sectional switches closest to the fault point to trip, and form a fault isolation section; Taking the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, construct a multi-layer topology structure downstream along the branch line. Each layer includes the sectional switch and the set of load nodes directly connected to it until the end of the branch line; Based on all available sectional switches upstream of the current layer, obtain the electrical distance paths from each sectional switch to the sectional switch of the current layer, and screen the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints to form a candidate set; Based on the electrical distance paths of each sectional switch in the candidate set, select the sectional switch that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance as the main power transfer source; When the remaining capacity of the main power transfer source is insufficient, calculate the capacity gap, select the sub-optimal sectional switch in the candidate set, and generate a parallel power transfer path between the main power transfer source and the sub-optimal connection switch.

2. The method for transferring loads along the line for faults in the distribution network branch line according to claim 1, wherein The real-time collection of the distribution network fault information data, locating the fault point of the branch line based on the voltage and current mutation characteristics, and controlling the upstream and downstream sectional switches closest to the fault point to trip to form a fault isolation section specifically includes: Based on the sensor devices at key positions of the distribution network, real-time monitor the voltage and current data on the distribution line; Based on the obtained voltage and current data, through the comparative analysis of the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault and the topological structure of the distribution network, use multi-point data for differential comparison to determine the specific location where the fault occurs; Based on the location of the fault point, according to single-phase faults and multi-phase faults, control the sectional switch closest to the fault point to trip to form a fault isolation section.

3. The method for transferring loads along the line for a fault in a distribution network branch line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of a multi-layer topology structure downstream along the branch line with the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, where each layer includes the sectional switch and the set of load nodes directly connected to it until the end of the branch line specifically includes: Based on the location of the fault point, use the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node of the topology structure to construct a multi-layer topology structure; Based on the starting node, list the load nodes directly connected to it as the node set of the current layer; Based on the branch line of the distribution network, expand the topology structure downstream, obtain the sectional switch directly connected to the nodes of the previous layer as the starting point for each layer and continue to expand downstream, and list the load nodes directly connected to the sectional switch; Construct the topology structure for each layer until reaching the end of the branch line, construct the topology structure for each layer until reaching the end of the branch line; Based on the completed multi-layer topology structure for confirmation and correction to ensure the accuracy of the multi-layer topology structure.

4. The method for transferring loads along the line for faults in the branch lines of the distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The obtaining of the electrical distance paths from each sectional switch to the sectional switch of the current layer based on all available sectional switches upstream of the current layer, and screening the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints to form a candidate set specifically includes: Obtain all sectional switches before the current layer through the multi-layer topology structure, and judge whether they are available based on the status of each sectional switch; Based on all available sectional switches, obtain their location data, and use the Dijkstra algorithm to obtain the electrical distance paths from each available sectional switch to the sectional switch of the current layer; Select sectional switches where there is an electrical path connection between each available sectional switch and the sectional switch at the current level and current can propagate through these paths; Form a candidate set based on the sectional switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints.

5. The method for transferring loads along the line in case of faults in the branch line of the distribution network according to claim 1, wherein, The selection of the sectional switch with the shortest electrical distance that meets the total load demand of the current layer as the main transfer power source based on the electrical distance paths of the sectional switches in the candidate set specifically includes: Obtain the load demand data of each node when the distribution network is not faulty; Based on the load demand data of each node, screen out the sectional switches in the candidate set that can meet the total load demand of the current layer; Based on each sectional switch in the candidate set, calculate its electrical distance path to each load node in the current layer through the topological structure of the distribution network; Based on the calculation results of the electrical distance, sort the sectional switches in the candidate set from the shortest to the longest distance, and select the sectional switch with the shortest electrical distance and meeting the load demand as the main transfer power source.

6. The method for transferring loads along the line in case of faults in the branch lines of the distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the remaining capacity of the main transfer power source is insufficient, calculate the capacity gap, select the sub-optimal sectional switch in the candidate set, and generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal connection switch specifically includes: Real-time monitor the load status of the main transfer power source. When the total load demand changes abnormally, calculate the capacity gap of the main transfer power source; Based on the size of the capacity gap, screen the sectional switches in the candidate set to obtain candidate sectional switches whose available capacity can meet the gap requirements and: the electrical distance from the candidate switch to the main transfer power source is short; Based on the obtained sub-optimal sectional switch as a supplementary source, generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer power source and the sub-optimal sectional switch; Based on the capacity gap and the capacity of the parallel path, dynamically allocate the load of each path.

7. A load transfer system along a distribution network branch line fault is used to implement the load transfer method along a distribution network branch line fault as described in any one of claims 1-6, and is characterized in that Include: Fault location module: The fault location module is used to collect the voltage and current data of the distribution network in real time, and accurately locate the fault occurrence point through voltage and current waveform analysis and multi-point difference comparison; Sectional switch control module: The sectional switch control module controls the upstream and downstream sectional switches closest to the fault point to trip according to the position of the fault point, forming a fault isolation section to ensure safe isolation of the fault area; Topological structure construction module: The topological structure construction module constructs a multi-layer topological structure downstream along the branch line based on the first sectional switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node until the end of the branch line; Electrical path and screening module: The electrical path and screening module obtains the electrical distance path from the upstream sectional switch to the sectional switch at the current layer using the Dijkstra algorithm and performs screening; Main transfer power source selection module: The main transfer power source selection module selects the one with the shortest electrical distance and capable of meeting the total load demand as the main transfer power source based on the electrical distance path and load demand of each sectional switch; Sub-optimal sectional switch module: The sub-optimal sectional switch module is used to calculate the capacity gap when the remaining capacity of the main transfer power source is insufficient, obtain the sub-optimal sectional switch, form a parallel transfer path, and dynamically adjust the load distribution; Processor: The processor is used to process the calculation process of each formula and the construction calculation process of each model.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, Include: At least one processor; And a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the method for transferring loads along a distribution network branch line fault as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions, characterized in that, When the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, the method for transferring loads along a distribution network branch line fault as described in any one of claims 1-6 is implemented.

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