Wheat and corn two-season-in-one-year shallow-burying drip-irrigation water and fertilizer integrated planting method and equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a wheat and corn two-season-in-one-year shallow-buried drip-irrigation water and fertilizer integrated planting method and equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: after corn is harvested, corn straws are crushed and returned to a field, and then rotary tillage and compaction are performed to crush soil; wheat is evenly sown in a wide range, drip irrigation belts are laid in the middles of wheat sowing widths, the width of the wheat sowing widths is 30-50 cm, and the width distance between the wheat sowing widths is 15-30 cm; performing field management on the wheat until the wheat is mature and then harvesting; after the wheat is harvested, the corn is sown at intervals, the corn is sown on the two sides of the sowing width of the sown wheat, and wide and narrow rows are formed between the corn; performing field management on the corn until the corn is mature and then harvesting; the method can shorten the distance between the wheat seeds and the drip irrigation zone and between the corn seeds and the drip irrigation zone, is short in watering time after sowing, is beneficial to seedling emergence, seedling alignment and seedling strengthening of the seeds, and is beneficial to improving the crop yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and in particular relates to a shallow buried drip irrigation water and fertilizer integrated planting method and equipment for wheat and corn twice a year. Background Art

[0002] The piedmont plains of Hebei Province are a major wheat and corn producing region in my country, with an annual sown area of 14 million mu (approximately 1.5 million hectares), playing a vital role in regional food security. However, the region suffers from severe water shortages, with per capita water resources accounting for only one-seventh of the national average. Winter wheat and summer corn double cropping consumes over 800 mm of water annually, while the region's average annual precipitation is less than 500 mm, and annual irrigation water usage exceeds 300 mm. High yields have long been maintained through groundwater extraction, a major driver of regional groundwater overdraft. In recent years, the national government has launched pilot programs to "save water and limit extraction" in areas of severe groundwater overdraft. Since double cropping, winter wheat and summer corn, consumes the most groundwater, reducing water consumption during the growing season of both crops is crucial for achieving groundwater reduction targets. However, given the importance of winter wheat and summer corn to regional food security in the Hebei piedmont plains, maintaining regional food production capacity through the application of water-saving technologies while reducing irrigation water usage is crucial.

[0003] Drip irrigation is one of the water-saving and efficient irrigation technologies. At present, there are still problems between the wheat strip sowing (15cm equal row spacing or four dense and one sparse) and corn 60cm equal row spacing planting methods and the laying of shallow buried drip irrigation pipes. The corn sowing position is about 30cm away from the drip irrigation tape, which takes a long time to obtain water and slows the emergence of seedlings, which is not conducive to uniform and strong seedlings. In addition, when sowing corn after wheat harvest, the drip irrigation tape position is difficult for the operator to confirm, and there is widespread damage to the drip irrigation tape. After maintenance, the drip irrigation tape is inconsistently close to the corn seeds, the seed watering time is inconsistent, and the seedlings emerge unevenly.

[0004] Specialized wheat ridgeless and equal-depth uniform sowing seeders can achieve wide-width uniform sowing and complete sowing and pressing in one go. The specific operation is that a rotary tillage shaft is provided at the front end of the soil transition plate, and the seed drop tube of the seeding device passes upward through the soil transition plate and connects to the seed bin. The rotary tillage shaft tills the land and throws the soil backwards, and the seeding device sows evenly. Part of the thrown-up soil falls onto the soil transition plate and slides along the soil drop end of the soil transition plate and covers the seeds sown evenly by the seeding device, achieving equal-depth uniform sowing. The pressing shaft presses the soil to complete the sowing. The laying of the drip irrigation tape often requires trenching after sowing and pressing. If the drip irrigation tape is laid within the width of the wheat, it will undoubtedly have an adverse effect on the sown area. If it is laid before the rotary tillage of the wheat ridgeless and equal-depth uniform sowing seeder, the drip irrigation tape will be damaged during the rotary tillage process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a shallow buried drip irrigation and water-fertilizer integrated planting method and equipment for wheat and corn in two seasons a year, which can shorten the distance between wheat seeds, corn seeds and drip irrigation belts, and quickly water the seeds after sowing, which is conducive to seed germination and uniform and strong seedlings, and helps to increase crop yields.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0007] A method for planting wheat and corn twice a year using shallow buried drip irrigation and integrated water and fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Land preparation: After harvesting corn, crush the corn stalks and return them to the field, then till the soil and compact the soil;

[0009] S2. Sowing wheat: Sow wheat evenly over a wide area and lay a drip irrigation tape in the middle of the wheat sowing area. The width of the wheat sowing area is 30-50 cm, and the distance between the wheat sowing areas is 15-30 cm.

[0010] S3. Perform field management on wheat until it matures and is then harvested;

[0011] S4. Sowing corn: After wheat is harvested, corn is sown every other width. Corn is sown on both sides of the sown wheat width, forming wide and narrow rows between the corn;

[0012] S5. Perform field management on corn until it matures and is harvested;

[0013] S6. Recycle the drip irrigation tape.

[0014] In step S2, the width of the wheat sowing width is 40 cm, and the distance between the wheat sowing widths is 20 cm.

[0015] In the step S2, wheat is sown in sufficient moisture;

[0016] In step S3, during the wheat emergence stage, irrigation is performed when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40 cm is less than 55%; during the jointing stage, irrigation is performed when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40 cm is less than 65%; from the heading stage to the flowering stage, irrigation is performed when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-60 cm is less than 70%; the irrigation amount is 30-40 m 3 / mu;

[0017] In step S5, after corn is sown, irrigation is performed when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-20 cm is less than 70%, and the irrigation amount is 15 m 3 / mu; During the jointing stage, irrigation is carried out when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40cm is less than 65%, and the irrigation amount is 20-30m 3 / mu; irrigation is carried out when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-60cm is less than 70% from the large bell mouth stage to the filling stage, and the irrigation amount is 20-30m 3 / mu.

[0018] In step S2, the laying depth of the drip irrigation tape is 3 cm to 6 cm.

[0019] When the distance between the two ends of the farmland plot is ≤150m, a branch pipe is laid perpendicular to the direction of the drip irrigation belt at the end close to the machine well; when the distance between the two ends of the farmland plot is 150m<≤300m, branch pipes are laid at both ends of the drip irrigation belt; a horizontal main pipe is arranged parallel to the outside of the branch pipe, the water inlet end of the horizontal main pipe is connected to the vertical main pipe, the horizontal main pipe is connected to the branch pipe at multiple points with the help of joints, and the drip irrigation belts are connected to the branch pipes respectively.

[0020] A sowing and laying belt equipment is used to implement the above-mentioned shallow buried drip irrigation and water-fertilizer integrated planting method for wheat and corn twice a year. The equipment includes a belt laying assembly and a belt pressing assembly arranged on a frame. The belt laying assembly is located between the soil connecting end of the soil transition plate and the seed dropping end of the uniform seeder. The belt laying assembly includes a guide tube and a trenching shovel arranged at the lower end of the guide tube. The soil transition plate is provided with a belt passing tube. The drip irrigation belt is laid in the plot after passing through the belt passing tube and the guide tube in sequence. The guide tubes are respectively arranged on the center lines of each sowing width located at the seed dropping end.

[0021] The belt pressing assembly includes a pry plate and a hammer part. The pry plate is located directly behind the guide tube. The horizontal rear part of the pry plate is connected to the frame by means of a connecting rod mechanism and has the freedom to rise and fall on the frame. The hammer part hammers the horizontal front part of the pry plate, and a pry head is provided at the end of the horizontal front part.

[0022] The connecting rod mechanism includes a first rod, a second rod and a third rod. The second rod, the third rod, the frame and the mounting rod of the skid are hinged to form a parallelogram mechanism. The two ends of the first rod are hinged to the second rod and the frame respectively. The first rod is a telescopic rod.

[0023] The hammering part is an eccentric wheel, which has the freedom to rotate on the mounting frame. The upper end of the mounting frame is connected to the frame by means of a fourth rod, and the lower end of the mounting frame is hinged to the second rod. The fourth rod is a telescopic rod.

[0024] A soil leveler is also provided between the belt pressing assembly and the seed dropping end. The soil leveler comprises any one of a comb-toothed rake, a soil leveling plate and a soil leveling roller.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The present invention sows wheat evenly over a wide width and lays a drip irrigation tape in the middle of the wheat sowing width. The width of the wheat sowing width is 30-50 cm, and the spacing between the wheat sowing widths is 15-30 cm. Corn is sown alternately and on both sides of the sown wheat sowing width, forming wide and narrow rows between the corns. The wheat sowing width and spacing are obvious, serving as a reference for sowing during the corn season, making it easy to find the sowing position of the corn. The requirements for the corn planter are relatively low, and the planter can be operated with or without navigation. The corn planter will not hook the drip irrigation tape, and the drip irrigation tape can be smoothly laid for dual purposes.

[0027] Corn seeds are sown on both sides of the wheat sowing width, that is, the distance between the corn seeds and the drip irrigation tape is 15-25 cm. Watering after sowing is done quickly, which is conducive to seed germination and uniform and strong seedlings, laying the foundation for high yield;

[0028] When the distance between the two ends of a farmland plot is greater than 150m and less than or equal to 300m, branch pipes connected to the drip irrigation belt are set at both ends of the plot. The branch pipes are connected to the longitudinal main pipe with the help of the horizontal main pipe. The branch pipes supply water to both ends of the drip irrigation belt to form a two-way counter-hedge pipe network, realizing the pressure difference compensation at both ends of the drip irrigation belt, improving the uniformity of irrigation, saving labor and materials in production, improving installation efficiency, and improving mechanical operation efficiency;

[0029] The seeding tape laying equipment can lay the drip tape in the middle of the wheat sowing width behind the rotary tillage shaft and before sowing, effectively avoiding the disturbance of wheat seed position caused by laying the tape after sowing and reducing the impact of laying the drip tape on the sowing area.

[0030] The drip irrigation belt is covered with soil in layers. Before sowing, the drip irrigation belt is covered with soil and the soil around it is evenly loosened by patting. This ensures that the soil fits the drip irrigation belt and prevents it from hanging in the air. This reduces the formation of a hard crust caused by traditional pressing methods and facilitates water penetration. After sowing, the soil is covered and pressed. The surface soil forms a hard crust through traditional pressing, which can effectively reduce water evaporation. The soil below the drip irrigation belt is compacted after patting, providing a solid support for the drip irrigation belt, fixing the drip irrigation belt, and preventing the soil below the drip irrigation belt from collapsing during drip irrigation. The soil between the drip irrigation belt and the hard crust layer is relatively loose, which is conducive to water diffusion to the surrounding areas and improves the water utilization rate of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wheat and corn planting pattern of Example 1;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the seeding belt laying equipment;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged view of a part A;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the belt pressing assembly;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional counter-hedge pipe network according to Example 1;

[0036] In the attached drawings, 1. drip irrigation belt, 2. branch pipe, 3. horizontal main pipe, 4. longitudinal main pipe, 5. soil transition plate, 6. seeding end, 7. guide pipe, 8. pulley, 9. pry plate, 901. horizontal rear part, 902. horizontal front part, 903. pry head, 10. hammer part, 11. first rod, 12. second rod, 13. mounting frame, 14. fourth rod, 15. soil leveler, 16. belt pipe, 17. trenching shovel, 18. third rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0038] Example 1, as Figure 1 The present invention relates to a method for planting wheat and corn twice a year with shallow buried drip irrigation and integrated water and fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1. Land preparation: After harvesting corn, use a straw crusher to crush the corn stalks twice. After the corn stalks are crushed into shreds ≤ 5 cm in length, they are evenly spread on the ground, leaving no crop stubble or weeds in the field.

[0040] Use 60% of the phosphorus fertilizer and nitrogen and potassium fertilizer required during the entire growth period as base fertilizer, and apply the remaining nitrogen and potassium fertilizers in 2-3 topdressings; wheat base fertilizer should be spread before rotary tillage;

[0041] For plots with many underground pests, in order to prevent pests from damaging the drip irrigation belt 1, low-toxic and high-efficiency pesticides can be used to treat the topsoil. Generally, 20 catties / mu of the finished product of dibenzothiazolin granules is used, and it is spread together with the base fertilizer before land preparation and sowing for soil treatment;

[0042] Then rotary tillage is carried out. Generally, mechanical rotary tillage is performed twice to a depth of 15 cm. Then the ground is harrowed and compacted to level the ground, crush clods, and compact the soil so that the top of the tillage layer is loose and the bottom is solid, and the soil surface is fine and flat.

[0043] S2. Sowing wheat: When the soil is moist, the wheat is sown evenly over a wide area, and a drip irrigation tape 1 is laid in the middle of the wheat sowing area. The width of the wheat sowing area is 30-50 cm, and the spacing between the wheat sowing areas is 15-30 cm. Preferably, the width of the wheat sowing area is 40 cm, and the spacing between the wheat sowing areas is 20 cm. The laying depth of the drip irrigation tape 1 is 3-6 cm, wherein the drip irrigation tape 1 is buried at a depth of 3-4 cm in clay or loam soil and at a depth of 4-5 cm in sandy loam soil.

[0044] S3. Carry out field management for wheat until it matures and is harvested. Field management includes: during the wheat emergence period, irrigation is carried out when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40cm is lower than 55%, and the irrigation amount is 30-35m 3 / mu; During the jointing stage, when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40cm is less than 65%, irrigation should be carried out, and the irrigation amount should be 30-35m 3 / mu; from heading to flowering, irrigation should be carried out when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-60cm is less than 70%, with an irrigation volume of 30-35m 3 Wheat on loam soil is generally irrigated 2-3 times during its entire growth period.

[0045] In a normal hydrological year, i.e. a year with a rainfall greater than 80 mm during the wheat growing period, the irrigation quota is 90 m 3 -130m 3 , irrigate 2-3 times, and combine irrigation with integrated water and fertilizer application.

[0046] S4. Sowing corn: After wheat is harvested, corn is sown in alternate widths. Corn is sown on both sides of the wheat sowing width, forming wide and narrow rows between the corn, with narrow rows being 40 cm and wide rows being 80 cm. The wheat sowing width and width are obvious, which serve as a reference for sowing during the corn season, making it easy to find the sowing position for corn. The requirements for the corn planter are relatively low, and it can be operated with or without navigation. The corn planter will not hook the drip irrigation belt 1, and the drip irrigation belt 1 can be used for two purposes. Corn seeds are sown on both sides of the wheat sowing width, that is, the distance between the corn seeds and the drip irrigation belt 1 is 20 cm. Watering after sowing takes place quickly, which is conducive to seed germination, uniform seedlings, and strong seedlings, laying the foundation for high yield.

[0047] S5. Carry out field management of corn until it is harvested after it matures. Field management of corn includes drip irrigation with 15m water for seedling emergence if the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-20cm is less than 70%. 3 / mu; when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40cm in the jointing stage is less than 65% and the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-60cm in the flaring-filling stage is less than 70%, irrigate for 20-30m 3 / mu; in a normal hydrological year, the irrigation quota is 50m 3 -70m 3 .

[0048] S6. After corn harvest, use a tape take-up machine to recycle the drip irrigation tape 1.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to prevent the drip irrigation belt 1 from being bitten by insects, in the spring, a protective drug is applied after each watering. The drug can be 40-50% chlorpyrifos agent 0.3-0.5 kg / mu, or 40-45% phoxim agent 0.3-0.5 kg / mu, or 40-50% chlorpyrifos agent and 40-45% phoxim agent mixed for a total of 0.3-0.5 kg / mu. The chlorpyrifos agent and the phoxim agent are mixed in a ratio of 1:1.

[0050] In this embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, 150m<the distance between the two ends of the farmland plot≤300m, branch pipes 2 are arranged at both ends of the drip irrigation belt 1, that is, the branch pipes 2 are distributed at both ends of the farmland plot, and a horizontal main pipe 3 is arranged in parallel on the outside of the branch pipe 2. The water inlet end of the horizontal main pipe 3 is connected to the longitudinal main pipe 4. The horizontal main pipe 3 is connected to the branch pipe 2 at multiple points with the help of a joint, and the drip irrigation belt 1 is connected to the branch pipe 2 respectively. During irrigation, the longitudinal main pipe 4 supplies water to the horizontal main pipe 3 at both ends of the drip irrigation belt 1, forming a two-way hedge pipe network, realizing the distributed pressure difference compensation at both ends of the drip irrigation belt 1, improving the uniformity of irrigation, saving labor and materials in production, improving installation efficiency, and improving mechanical operation efficiency.

[0051] The laying method for branch pipe 2 is as follows: Use a mechanical trenching machine to create a 10-12cm wide trench and a 35-40cm deep trench. Check the trenching results in sections to ensure consistent depth. Circular holes are drilled every 60cm on the planned buried branch pipe 2 (rigid PE pipe, 63mm diameter). Use a gauge to measure and mark the hole locations, then use a dedicated punch to create the holes. Then, install a gasket and a reverse-thread bypass pipe in the circular holes. Install a vertical pipe (rigid PE pipe, 16mm diameter) perpendicular to branch pipe 2 on the reverse-thread bypass pipe. Install a tee (or elbow) and a clip on the top of the vertical pipe, and tighten with a pipe clamp to seal and secure. Gently place all the branch pipes with holes punched and vertical pipes installed into the dug trench, adjust the position of the vertical pipes and tees (or elbows) so that each tee or elbow is exposed and close to the ground, and corresponds to the position of each drip irrigation belt 1 one by one, then backfill the trench section by section, and connect and install the drip irrigation belt 1 close to the ground; since the branch pipe 2 is laid 35-40 cm underground, it does not affect the mechanical operation during wheat harvesting and corn sowing, and there is no need to dismantle and re-lay it.

[0052] A large-scale demonstration was carried out in Zhoucun, Jinzhou from 2023 to 2024, with a demonstration area of 2,300 mu. On June 9, 2024, experts were invited to conduct actual harvesting and yield measurement. The 40cm wide uniform sowing planting mode of wheat harvested an area of 3.44 mu, with a total harvest weight of 2,394 kg, and an acreage yield of 694.0 kg after converting to 13% standard moisture. The traditional planting mode harvested an area of 3.35 mu, with a total harvest weight of 2,090 kg, and an acreage yield of 630.6 kg after converting to 13% standard moisture. The new planting mode increased the yield by 10.1% compared with the traditional planting mode.

[0053] A seeding belt laying device is used to implement the shallow buried drip irrigation and water-fertilizer integrated planting method of wheat and corn in one year, such as Figure 2 As shown, the equipment includes a belt laying assembly and a belt pressing assembly arranged on a frame. The belt laying assembly is located between the soil receiving end of the soil transition plate 5 and the seed drop end 6 of the uniform seed drill. The belt laying assembly includes a guide tube 7 and a trenching shovel 17 arranged at the lower end of the guide tube 7. The soil transition plate 5 is provided with a belt passing tube 16. The drip irrigation belt 1 passes through the belt passing tube 16 and the guide tube 7 in sequence and is laid in the plot. The guide tubes 7 are respectively arranged on the center line of each sowing width at the seed drop end 6.

[0054] Preferably, the belt-passing tube 16 is arranged between the two seed-dropping tubes, and the gap between the belt-passing tube 16 and the seed-dropping tubes serves as a sliding channel for the soil.

[0055] The present invention arranges the guide tube 7 of the drip irrigation belt 1 between the soil receiving end of the soil transition plate 5 and the seeding end 6 of the uniform seeding device. After the rotary tillage shaft tills the soil, part of the soil is thrown onto the soil transition plate 5, the height of the rotary tillage layer is reduced, and the furrowing depth required by the furrowing shovel 17 is reduced, thereby reducing the resistance of the furrowing shovel 17. After the furrowing shovel 17 has dug a trench, the drip irrigation belt 1 is output from the lower end of the guide tube 7 to the trench opened by the furrowing shovel 17; the tail of the furrowing shovel 17 extends backward from the guide tube 7 and narrows. After the furrowing shovel 17 passes, the soil naturally collapses and falls above the drip irrigation belt 1; then the pressure belt assembly presses down the drip irrigation belt 1 to increase the compactness of the soil below the drip irrigation belt 1, and prevent the soil below the drip irrigation belt 1 from collapsing during drip irrigation, while increasing the density of the soil above the drip irrigation belt 1, and preventing the soil above the drip irrigation belt 1 from being washed away or the soil below the drip irrigation belt 1 from collapsing during drip irrigation, thereby exposing the drip irrigation belt 1.

[0056] Then the seed drop end 6 of the seeding device evenly spreads the seeds on the soil, and the thrown soil falls along the soil transition plate 5 and covers the seeds. The pressing shaft uniformly presses the soil to complete the uniform sowing of wheat and the laying of the drip irrigation belt.

[0057] The equipment enables the laying of drip tape in the middle of the wheat sowing width behind the rotary tillage shaft and before sowing, effectively avoiding the disturbance of the wheat seed position caused by laying the tape after sowing and reducing the impact of laying the drip tape on the sowing area.

[0058] Further, such as Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown, the tape pressing assembly includes a skid plate 9 and a hammering unit 10. The skid plate 9 is wider than the trench width and is located directly behind the guide tube 7. A horizontal rear portion 901 of the skid plate 9 is connected to the frame via a linkage mechanism and can be raised and lowered on the frame. The hammering unit 10 hammers the horizontal front portion 902 of the skid plate 9, which is terminated by a prying head 903. The linkage mechanism allows the skid plate 9 to be adjusted in height to suit the soil thickness above the drip irrigation tape 1. The prying head 903 of the skid plate 9 is curved. When the hammering unit 10 hammers the skid plate 9, the prying head 903 does not penetrate the soil, but instead pushes it forward. The horizontal front portion 902 pats the soil around the drip irrigation tape 1, evenly loosening the soil around it and ensuring a consistent fit between the soil and the tape, preventing it from hanging loose. This reduces the formation of a crust caused by traditional pressing methods and facilitates water penetration. Combined with the continued covering and compaction after sowing in the later stage, the soil above the drip irrigation belt 1 is compacted in layers to form compaction layers with different densities. The surface soil forms a hard shell through traditional compaction, which can effectively reduce the evaporation of water. The soil below the drip irrigation belt 1 is compacted after patting, providing a stable support for the drip irrigation belt 1, fixing the drip irrigation belt 1, and preventing the soil below the drip irrigation belt 1 from collapsing during drip irrigation. The soil between the top of the drip irrigation belt 1 and the hard shell layer is relatively loose, which is conducive to the diffusion of water to the surroundings and improves the utilization rate of water by crops.

[0059] Preferably, the connecting rod mechanism includes a first rod 11, a second rod 12 and a third rod 18. The second rod 12, the third rod 18, the frame and the mounting rods of the pry plate 9 are respectively hinged to form a parallelogram mechanism. The two ends of the first rod 11 are respectively hinged to the second rod 12 and the frame. The first rod 11 is a telescopic rod. Since the second rod 12, the third rod 18, the frame and the mounting rods of the pry plate 9 are respectively hinged to form a parallelogram mechanism, the telescopic first rod 11 forms a lifting and pushing-pull on the end of the second rod 12, which can realize the vertical lifting of the pry plate 9 and prevent the front end of the pry plate 9 from warping up and the rear end from falling, which is beneficial for the front end of the pry plate 9 to be hammered by the hammering part 10 to form a uniform beating of the soil.

[0060] Furthermore, the hammering part 10 is an eccentric wheel, which has the freedom to rotate on the mounting frame 13. The upper end of the mounting frame 13 is connected to the frame by means of a fourth rod 14, and the lower end of the mounting frame 13 is hinged to the second rod 12. The fourth rod 14 is a telescopic rod. Preferably, the first rod 11 and the fourth rod 14 are basket bolts. The pry plate 9 is always in contact with the hammering part 10. During the rotation of the hammering part 10, the horizontal front part 902 of the pry plate 9 is pressed down reciprocally, causing the horizontal front part 902 to move up and down to achieve the beating of the soil; when the first rod 11 is telescopic to form a push and pull on the second rod 12, the hammering part 10 and the mounting frame 13, the fourth rod 14 and the end of the second rod 12 are lifted up synchronously. By adjusting the length of the fourth rod 14, the relative height of the hammering part 10 and the pry plate 9 is achieved, thereby achieving the adjustment of the beating force of the pry plate 9.

[0061] A transmission sprocket is mounted on the hammering part 10, which is connected to the driving wheel via a chain. The driving wheel drives the transmission sprocket to rotate, and the transmission sprocket drives the hammering part 10 to rotate. A tensioning wheel is also provided between the hammering part 10 and the driving wheel. The tensioning wheel is mounted on the mounting rod of the pry plate 9. When the relative height of the hammering part 10 and the pry plate 9 changes, the extension distance of the tensioning wheel on the mounting rod is adjusted so that the tensioning wheel always tensions the chain, ensuring that the driving wheel transmits the hammering part 10. The frame is connected to the tractor and is towed by the tractor to move in the field. The driving wheel is in transmission connection with the power output end of the tractor.

[0062] Preferably, a soil leveler 15 is further provided between the belt pressing assembly and the seed drop end 6. The soil leveler 15 includes any one of a comb-toothed rake, a soil leveling plate, and a soil leveling roller. In this embodiment, the soil leveler 15 is a comb-toothed rake. After the belt pressing assembly pats the soil, the soil above the drip irrigation belt 1 becomes concave. The comb-toothed rake performs a leveling operation, raking the soil surface flat, which is conducive to the equal-depth sowing of wheat seeds.

[0063] Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the distance between the two ends of the farmland plot is ≤150m, and a branch pipe 2 is arranged perpendicular to the drip irrigation belt 1 at the end close to the well.

Claims

1. A wheat and corn planting method with shallow buried drip irrigation and integrated water and fertilizer in two seasons a year, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Land preparation: After harvesting corn, crush the corn stalks and return them to the field, then till the soil and compact the soil; S2. Sowing wheat: Sow wheat evenly over a wide area and lay a drip irrigation tape (1) in the middle of the wheat sowing area. The width of the wheat sowing area is 30-50 cm, and the distance between the wheat sowing areas is 15-30 cm. S3. Perform field management on wheat until it matures and is then harvested; S4. Sowing corn: After wheat is harvested, corn is sown every other width. Corn is sown on both sides of the sown wheat width, forming wide and narrow rows between the corn; S5. Perform field management on corn until it matures and is harvested; S6. Recover the drip irrigation tape (1).

2. The wheat and corn planting method according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, the width of the wheat sowing width is 40 cm, and the distance between the wheat sowing widths is 20 cm.

3. The wheat and corn planting method of claim 1, wherein: In the step S2, wheat is sown in sufficient moisture; In step S3, during the wheat emergence stage, irrigation is performed when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40 cm is less than 55%; during the jointing stage, irrigation is performed when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40 cm is less than 65%; from the heading stage to the flowering stage, irrigation is performed when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-60 cm is less than 70%; the irrigation amount is 30-40 m 3 / mu; In step S5, after corn is sown, irrigation is performed when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-20 cm is less than 70%, and the irrigation amount is 15 m 3 / mu; During the jointing stage, irrigation is carried out when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-40cm is less than 65%, and the irrigation amount is 20-30m 3 / mu; irrigation is carried out when the relative moisture content of the soil at 0-60cm is less than 70% from the large bell mouth stage to the filling stage, and the irrigation amount is 20-30m 3 / mu.

4. The wheat and corn planting method of claim 1, wherein: In the step S2, the laying depth of the drip irrigation tape (1) is 3 cm to 6 cm.

5. The wheat and corn planting method of claim 1, wherein: When the distance between the two ends of a farmland plot is less than or equal to 150m, a branch pipe (2) is arranged perpendicular to the direction of the drip irrigation belt (1) at the end close to the machine well; when the distance between the two ends of a farmland plot is less than or equal to 150m and less than or equal to 300m, a branch pipe (2) is arranged at both ends of the drip irrigation belt (1); a transverse main pipe (3) is arranged parallel to the outer side of the branch pipe (2), the water inlet end of the transverse main pipe (3) is connected to the longitudinal main pipe (4), the transverse main pipe (3) is connected to the branch pipe (2) at multiple points by means of a joint, and the drip irrigation belt (1) is connected to the branch pipe (2) respectively.

6. A seeding belt laying device for implementing the wheat and corn two-season planting method of shallow buried drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device comprises a belt laying assembly and a belt pressing assembly arranged on a frame, wherein the belt laying assembly is located between the soil receiving end of a soil transition plate (5) and the seed dropping end (6) of a uniform sower, and the belt laying assembly comprises a guide tube (7) and a furrowing shovel (17) arranged at the lower end of the guide tube (7). A belt passing tube (16) is provided on the soil transition plate (5), and the drip irrigation belt (1) is laid in the plot after passing through the belt passing tube (16) and the guide tube (7) in sequence, and the guide tube (7) is respectively arranged on the center line of each sowing width at the seed dropping end (6).

7. A sowing tape laying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The belt pressing assembly includes a pry plate (9) and a hammering part (10), wherein the pry plate (9) is located directly behind the guide tube (7), and the horizontal rear part (901) of the pry plate (9) is connected to the frame by means of a connecting rod mechanism and has the freedom to rise and fall on the frame, and the hammering part (10) hammers the horizontal front part (902) of the pry plate (9), and a prying head (903) is provided at the end of the horizontal front part (902).

8. The sowing tape laying equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism includes a first rod (11), a second rod (12) and a third rod (18). The second rod (12), the third rod (18), the frame and the mounting rod of the pry plate (9) are respectively hinged to form a parallelogram mechanism. The two ends of the first rod (11) are respectively hinged to the second rod (12) and the frame. The first rod (11) is a telescopic rod.

9. The sowing tape laying equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hammering part (10) is an eccentric wheel, which has the freedom to rotate on the mounting frame (13). The upper end of the mounting frame (13) is connected to the frame by means of a fourth rod (14), and the lower end of the mounting frame (13) is hinged to the second rod (12). The fourth rod (14) is a telescopic rod.

10. The sowing tape laying equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A soil leveler (15) is further provided between the belt pressing assembly and the seed dropping end (6), and the soil leveler (15) comprises any one of a comb-toothed rake, a soil leveler plate, and a soil leveler roller.

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