Agricultural protective farming soil preparation equipment and soil preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses agricultural protective farming soil preparation equipment, and relates to the technical field of straw treatment, the agricultural protective farming soil preparation equipment comprises a bottom plate, four moving wheels are arranged below the bottom plate, and second rotating shafts fixedly connected with the four moving wheels are arranged on the four moving wheels in a penetrating mode; four second rotating shafts are arranged on the bottom plate, fixing blocks fixedly mounted on the bottom plate are rotationally connected to the two ends of each second rotating shaft, a hanging ring is arranged at the top of the bottom plate, a guide rod is fixedly mounted at the top of the bottom plate, and a top block is fixedly mounted at the top of the guide rod. According to the device, soil can be wetted in the soil breaking process, quantitative urea and soil can be mixed, straw decay is facilitated, straw covering and straw deep burying can be completed, use is convenient, the automation degree is high, and the device is suitable for popularization and application. Straw resources in agricultural production can be effectively utilized through straw covering and deep burying, and the soil temperature and moisture are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of land preparation equipment, and in particular to agricultural conservation tillage land preparation equipment and a land preparation method. Background Art

[0002] At present, land preparation mainly adopts deep loosening and shallow rotation methods, which greatly reduce soil disturbance, reduce soil moisture evaporation and nutrient loss, but have little effect on water retention and ground temperature maintenance.

[0003] At the same time, the existing land preparation equipment has a low degree of automation. During the land preparation process, it is difficult to moisten the soil, which makes breaking the soil difficult. At the same time, it is difficult to mix urea more evenly in the backfill soil. After the straw is deeply buried, the straw is not easy to rot, which affects the effect of returning the straw to the field. At the same time, the existing equipment only buries the straw deeply, and the soil is not covered. It is difficult to prevent rainwater from eroding the land surface and reduce soil erosion, which is inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an agricultural conservation tillage land preparation equipment and a land preparation method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An agricultural protective tillage land preparation equipment comprises a base plate, four moving wheels are provided under the base plate, a second rotating shaft fixedly connected to the four moving wheels is passed through, both ends of the four second rotating shafts are rotatably connected to a fixed block fixedly installed on the base plate, a hanging ring is provided on the top of the base plate, a guide rod is fixedly installed on the top of the guide rod, a top block is fixedly installed on the top of the guide rod, a threaded rod is rotatably connected between the top block and the base plate, a lifting block threadedly connected to the threaded rod is provided on the threaded rod, the lifting block is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, an outer cover is fixedly installed on the bottom of the lifting block, and a hole is provided on the base plate. The slot hole is just below the outer cover, and the bottom plate is provided with a mixing box and a crushing box fixedly connected thereto. The outer cover is located between the mixing box and the crushing box, and a soil-breaking mechanism is provided between the mixing box and the crushing box. A box body is provided on the top of the bottom plate, and a partition is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box body. A water outlet mechanism is provided below the bottom plate, and a discharging mechanism is provided on the box body. The mixing box is provided with a mixing mechanism connected to the soil-breaking mechanism, and the crushing box is provided with a crushing mechanism connected to the soil-breaking mechanism. A first control mechanism connected to the soil-breaking mechanism is provided on the top block, and a second control mechanism is provided below the bottom plate.

[0007] Preferably, the soil-breaking mechanism includes a sixth rotating shaft rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting block, the outer wall of the sixth rotating shaft is provided with a spiral blade located inside the outer cover, the outer cover is provided with a soil feeding pipe connected to the interior thereof, the end of the soil feeding pipe away from the outer cover is directed toward the mixing box, the bottom of the sixth rotating shaft is fixedly installed with a soil-breaking cone, the top of the lifting block is fixedly installed with a second servo motor, the top of the sixth rotating shaft passes through the lifting block and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second servo motor, the top of the top block is fixedly installed with a shell, the top of the shell is fixedly installed with a first servo motor, the output shaft of the first servo motor passes through the top block and the shell in sequence and is fixedly connected to the top of the threaded rod, and the output shaft of the first servo motor is rotatably connected to the top block and the shell.

[0008] Preferably, the water outlet mechanism includes a cylinder fixedly mounted on the top of the base plate, a connecting rod fixedly mounted on the bottom of the lifting block, a sliding plug fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting rod which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe connected to the interior of the cylinder are provided on the cylinder, one end of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe connected to the cylinder are both located below the sliding plug, a one-way valve is provided in the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, one end of the water inlet pipe away from the cylinder is connected to the box, and one end of the water inlet pipe connected to the box is located below the partition.

[0009] Preferably, the discharging mechanism includes an upper block fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the box body on one side close to the mixing box, two telescopic rods are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the upper block, the same discharging block is fixedly mounted on the telescopic ends of the two telescopic rods, a matching groove located above the mixing box is provided on the discharging block, a discharging hole is provided on the side wall of the box body close to the mixing box, a first rotating shaft is provided through the mixing box and is rotatably connected to it, and a cam that is abutted against the bottom of the discharging block is fixedly mounted on one end of the first rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the mixing mechanism includes a plurality of mixing rods fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft and located in the mixing box, the first rotating shaft is located at the other end of the mixing box and is fixedly mounted with a first gear, a seventh rotating shaft rotatably connected to it is provided on one side wall of the shell, the second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the seventh rotating shaft located in the shell, the first bevel gear located in the shell and meshing with the second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the first servo motor output shaft, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed and connected, the second gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the seventh rotating shaft located outside the shell, a first transmission belt is provided between the first gear and the second gear, the bottom of the mixing box is provided with a first feeding pipe located below the bottom plate and connected to the mixing box, and the first feeding pipe is provided with a first solenoid valve.

[0011] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes a third rotating shaft that is arranged through the crushing box and is rotatably connected to the crushing box, a plurality of first crushing bars located in the crushing box are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft, a plurality of second crushing bars are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the crushing box, a fifth gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the third rotating shaft located outside the crushing box, a third gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the seventh rotating shaft located outside the shell, and a second transmission belt is arranged between the third gear and the fifth gear.

[0012] Preferably, the first control mechanism includes a fourth rotating shaft rotatably connected to a side wall of the top block, the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating shaft, the outer ring of the one-way bearing is fixedly mounted on a fourth gear, a mounting block is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting block, a rack is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting block, an extension rod is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating shaft, a first conductive rod and a second conductive rod are provided on a side wall of the extension rod close to the top block, a first conductive block and a second conductive block are provided on one side wall of the top block, and the first conductive rod and the first conductive block are both located in the circuit of the first solenoid valve.

[0013] Preferably, the second control mechanism includes a block fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base plate, a fifth rotating shaft is rotatably connected to one side wall of the block, a worm gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the fifth rotating shaft, one end of the second rotating shaft passes through a fixed block and is fixedly mounted with a worm, the worm gear is meshed with the worm gear, a third conductive block is provided on one side wall of the block close to the worm gear, a third conductive rod is provided on one side wall of the worm gear close to the block, and the second conductive rod, the second conductive block, the third conductive rod and the third conductive block are all located in the circuit of the second solenoid valve.

[0014] The present invention also provides an agricultural conservation tillage land preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0015] In the first step, the bottom plate is kept stationary, and the first servo motor and the second servo motor are started to wet and break the soil through the soil breaking mechanism and the water discharge mechanism, and the soil after breaking is transferred to the mixing box;

[0016] In the second step, the urea and the soil after breaking are mixed through the crushing mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the mixing mechanism to pre-crush the straw;

[0017] In the third step, the crushed straw is allowed to enter deep into the soil through the first feeding pipe through the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism, and then the mixed urea and soil are backfilled through the second feeding pipe.

[0018] The fourth step is to move the bottom plate, and again use the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism to make the crushed straw fall to the soil surface through the first feeding pipe to achieve covering.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] By setting up a soil-breaking mechanism and a water-discharging mechanism, the soil can be sprayed with water to moisten it while breaking the soil, which is convenient for breaking the soil. The soil-breaking cone can also be cooled to reduce the flying of dust during the soil-breaking process. At the same time, it is also convenient for the fermentation and decay of straw after deep burial.

[0021] By setting up the discharging mechanism, mixing mechanism and crushing mechanism, a certain amount of urea and soil can be automatically mixed during the soil breaking process to accelerate the decay of straw. The first crushing rod can also be rotated to crush the straw. It is easy to use and further accelerates the decay of straw.

[0022] By setting the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism, the crushed straw can first fall into the broken soil pit and then be backfilled with soil and urea, so as to achieve deep burial of the straw, increase water absorption, and increase effective water during the crop growth period. During the subsequent movement of the equipment, the straw can also automatically cover the surface soil, effectively blocking the erosion of the land surface by rainwater, reducing soil and water loss, effectively blocking wind erosion, avoiding surface organic matter loss and sandstorm formation, and effectively reducing surface water evaporation.

[0023] The present invention can not only moisten the soil during the soil breaking process, but also mix a certain amount of urea with the soil to facilitate the decomposition of straw, and can also complete the covering of the straw and the deep burial of the straw. It is easy to use and has a high degree of automation. The covering and deep burial of the straw can effectively utilize the straw resources in agricultural production and ensure the soil temperature and moisture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one side of an agricultural conservation tillage and land preparation equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the other side of the agricultural conservation tillage and land preparation equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the agricultural conservation tillage and land preparation equipment proposed by the present invention when viewed from above;

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the outer cover, mixing box and crushing box of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure inside the cylinder of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the discharging mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure inside the shell of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1 bottom plate, 2 hanging ring, 3 box body, 4 moving wheel, 5 mixing box, 6 first rotating shaft, 7 first gear, 8 first transmission belt, 9 second transmission belt, 10 second gear, 11 third gear, 12 first servo motor, 13 housing, 14 fourth gear, 15 rack, 16 top block, 17 lifting block, 18 cylinder, 19 water inlet pipe, 20 connecting rod, 21 discharge block, 22 mounting block, 23 second servo motor, 24 outer cover, 25 guide rod, 26 crushing box, 27 fixed block, 28 second rotating shaft, 29 third rotating shaft, 30 fifth gear, 31 threaded rod, 32 first feeding pipe, 33 second feeding pipe, 34 outlet pipe, 35 crushing Soil cone, 36 soil delivery pipe, 37 extension rod, 38 first conductive rod, 39 first conductive block, 40 second conductive block, 41 second conductive rod, 42 fourth rotating shaft, 43 third conductive block, 44 third conductive rod, 45 fifth rotating shaft, 46 worm, 47 mixing rod, 48 sixth rotating shaft, 49 spiral blade, 50 first breaking rod, 51 second breaking rod, 52 first solenoid valve, 53 second solenoid valve, 54 slot, 55 slide, 56 cam, 57 partition, 58 discharge hole, 59 matching groove, 60 spring, 61 telescopic rod, 62 upper block, 63 first bevel gear, 64 second bevel gear, 65 seventh rotating shaft, 66 worm gear, 67 block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figures 1-9, an agricultural protective tillage and land preparation equipment, four moving wheels 4 are provided under the bottom plate 1, and the four moving wheels 4 are all provided with a second rotating shaft 28 fixedly connected thereto, and both ends of the four second rotating shafts 28 are rotatably connected to a fixed block 27 fixedly installed on the bottom plate 1, and a hanging ring 2 is provided on the top of the bottom plate 1, and a guide rod 25 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide rod 25, and a top block 16 is fixedly installed on the top block 16 and the bottom plate 1 is rotatably connected, and a threaded rod 31 is provided on the threaded rod 31. A lifting block 17 threadedly connected thereto is provided, and the lifting block 17 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 25, and an outer cover 24 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the lifting block 17, and a slot 54 is provided on the bottom plate 1 directly below the outer cover 24, and a mixing box 5 and a crushing box 26 fixedly connected thereto are provided on the bottom plate 1, and the outer cover 24 is located between the mixing box 5 and the crushing box 26, and the mixing box 5 and the crushing box 26 A soil-breaking mechanism is provided in between, and the soil-breaking mechanism includes a sixth rotating shaft 48 rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting block 17, and a spiral blade 49 located inside the outer cover 24 is provided on the outer wall of the sixth rotating shaft 48, and a soil feeding pipe 36 connected to the interior thereof is provided on the outer cover 24, and the end of the soil feeding pipe 36 away from the outer cover 24 faces the mixing box 5, and a soil-breaking cone 35 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sixth rotating shaft 48, and a second servo motor 23 is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting block 17, and the top of the sixth rotating shaft 48 passes through the lifting block 17 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second servo motor 23, and a shell 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the top block 16, and a first servo motor 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the shell 13, and the output shaft of the first servo motor 12 passes through the top block 16 and the shell 13 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the top of the threaded rod 31, and the output shaft of the first servo motor 12 is rotatably connected to the top block 16 and the shell 13;

[0036] A box body 3 is provided on the top of the bottom plate 1, and a partition 57 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box body 3. A water outlet mechanism is provided below the bottom plate 1, and the water outlet mechanism includes a cylinder body 18 fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate 1, a connecting rod 20 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the lifting block 17, and a sliding plug 55 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting rod 20 to be slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder body 18. The cylinder body 18 is provided with a water inlet pipe 19 and a water outlet pipe 34 connected to the interior thereof, and one end of the water inlet pipe 19 and the water outlet pipe 34 communicating with the cylinder body 18 are both located below the sliding plug 55. A one-way valve is provided in the water inlet pipe 19 and the water outlet pipe 34. The end of the water inlet pipe 19 away from the cylinder body 18 is communicated with the box body 3, and the end of the water inlet pipe 19 communicating with the box body 3 is located below the partition 57;

[0037] The box body 3 is provided with a discharging mechanism, which includes an upper block 62 fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the box body 3 on the side close to the mixing box 5. Two telescopic rods 61 are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the upper block 62. The telescopic ends of the two telescopic rods 61 are fixedly mounted with the same discharging block 21. The discharging block 21 is provided with a matching groove 59 located above the mixing box 5. A discharging hole 58 is provided on the side wall of the box body 3 close to the mixing box 5. A first rotating shaft 6 rotatably connected to the mixing box 5 is provided through the mixing box 5. A cam 56 is fixedly mounted on one end of the first rotating shaft 6 to abut against the bottom of the discharging block 21.

[0038] The mixing box 5 is provided with a mixing mechanism connected to the earth-breaking mechanism, and the mixing mechanism includes a plurality of mixing rods 47 fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 6 and located in the mixing box 5, and the first rotating shaft 6 is located at the other end of the mixing box 5 and is fixedly mounted with a first gear 7, and a seventh rotating shaft 65 rotatably connected thereto is penetrated through one side wall of the housing 13, and a second bevel gear 64 is fixedly mounted on one end of the seventh rotating shaft 65 located in the housing 13, and a first bevel gear 63 located in the housing 13 and meshed with the second bevel gear 64 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the output shaft of the first servo motor 12, and the first bevel gear 63 and the second bevel gear 64 are meshed and connected, and a second gear 10 is fixedly mounted on one end of the seventh rotating shaft 65 located outside the housing 13, and a first transmission belt 8 is provided between the first gear 7 and the second gear 10, and a first feeding pipe 32 is provided at the bottom of the mixing box 5 and is located below the bottom plate 1 and communicated with the mixing box 5, and a first solenoid valve 52 is provided on the first feeding pipe 32;

[0039] The crushing box 26 is provided with a crushing mechanism connected to the earth-breaking mechanism. The crushing mechanism includes a third rotating shaft 29 that is arranged through the crushing box 26 and is rotatably connected to the crushing box 26. A plurality of first crushing bars 50 located inside the crushing box 26 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft 29. A plurality of second crushing bars 51 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the crushing box 26. A fifth gear 30 is fixedly mounted on one end of the third rotating shaft 29 located outside the crushing box 26. A third gear 11 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the seventh rotating shaft 65 located outside the housing 13. A second transmission belt 9 is provided between the third gear 11 and the fifth gear 30.

[0040] A first control mechanism connected to the earth-breaking mechanism is provided on the top block 16, and the first control mechanism includes a fourth rotating shaft 42 rotatably connected to a side wall of the top block 16, the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating shaft 42, the outer ring of the one-way bearing is fixedly mounted on the fourth gear 14, a mounting block 22 is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting block 17, a rack 15 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting block 22, an extension rod 37 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating shaft 42, a first conductive rod 38 and a second conductive rod 41 are provided on a side wall of the extension rod 37 close to the top block 16, a first conductive block 39 and a second conductive block 40 are provided on one side wall of the top block 16, and the first conductive rod 38 and the first conductive block 39 are both located in the circuit of the first solenoid valve 52;

[0041] A second control mechanism is provided below the base plate 1, and the second control mechanism includes a block 67 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base plate 1. A fifth rotating shaft 45 is rotatably connected to one side wall of the block 67, and a worm gear 66 is fixedly mounted on one end of the fifth rotating shaft 45. One end of a second rotating shaft 28 passes through a fixed block 27 and is fixedly mounted with a worm 46. The worm gear 66 is meshed with the worm gear 46. A third conductive block 43 is provided on a side wall of the block 67 close to the worm gear 66, and a third conductive rod 44 is provided on a side wall of the worm gear 66 close to the block 67. The second conductive rod 41, the second conductive block 40, the third conductive rod 44 and the third conductive block 43 are all located in the circuit of the second solenoid valve 53.

[0042] A conservation tillage land preparation method based on straw treatment comprises the following steps:

[0043] In the first step, the equipment is kept stationary, and the first servo motor 12 and the second servo motor 23 are started to wet and break the soil through the soil breaking mechanism and the water discharge mechanism, and the soil after breaking is transferred to the mixing box 5;

[0044] In the second step, the urea and the soil after breaking are mixed through the crushing mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the mixing mechanism to pre-crush the straw;

[0045] In the third step, the crushed straw is allowed to enter the deep soil through the first feeding pipe 32 through the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism, and then the mixed urea and soil are backfilled through the second feeding pipe 33.

[0046] The fourth step is to move the equipment and again use the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism to make the crushed straw fall to the soil surface through the first feeding pipe 32 to achieve covering.

[0047] When the present invention is in use, water is stored below the partition 57 in the box body 3, and urea is stored above the partition 57 in the box body 3. The device can be moved by an external power source through the hanging ring 2. In the initial state, the device does not move, the second rotating shaft 28 does not rotate, that is, the worm 46 does not rotate, the third conductive rod 44 and the third conductive block 43 are in contact with each other, the lifting block 17 is at the highest position, the rack 15 is meshed with the fourth gear 14, the second conductive rod 41 and the second conductive block 40 are in contact with each other, and the first conductive rod 38 and the first conductive block 39 are not in contact with each other. Since the third conductive rod 44 and the third conductive block 43 are in contact with each other and the second conductive rod 41 and the second conductive block 40 are in contact with each other, the circuit of the first solenoid valve 52 (normally open type) is in a connected state, and the valve of the first solenoid valve 52 is in a closed state. Since the first conductive rod 38 and the first conductive block 39 are not in contact with each other, the circuit of the second solenoid valve 53 is in a disconnected state, and the circuit of the second solenoid valve 53 (normally closed type) is in a closed state.

[0048] The first servo motor 12 and the second servo motor 23 are started. The output shaft of the first servo motor 12 drives the threaded rod 31 to rotate. By setting the guide rod 25, the lifting block 17, the earth-breaking cone 35 and the outer cover 24 first move downward and then move upward to return to the initial position. The output shaft of the second servo motor 23 drives the sixth rotating shaft 48, the spiral blade 49 and the earth-breaking cone 35 to rotate. The rotating earth-breaking cone 35 moves downward to drill a hole. During the downward and then upward movement of the lifting block 17, the connecting rod 20 and the sliding plug 55 are also moved downward and then upward. It moves upward, so that the water in the cylinder 18 is first sprayed out through the water outlet pipe 34 to moisten the soil, which is convenient for breaking the soil. It can also cool the breaking cone 35 to reduce the flying of dust during the breaking process, and at the same time facilitate the fermentation and decomposition of the straw after deep burial. The water in the box 3 is then sucked into the cylinder 18 through the water inlet pipe 19 for the next water spraying and moistening. During the breaking process, the rotating spiral blades 49 can make the soil after breaking the soil rise in the outer cover 24 and finally be introduced into the mixing box 5 through the soil feeding pipe 36;

[0049] The output shaft of the first servo motor 12 rotates and also drives the first bevel gear 63 to rotate. Through the meshing of the first bevel gear 63 and the second bevel gear 64, the seventh rotating shaft 65, the second gear 10 and the third gear 11 can be rotated. By providing the first transmission belt 8 and the second transmission belt 9, the first gear 7 and the fifth gear 30 can be rotated, thereby rotating the first rotating shaft 6, the third rotating shaft 29 and the cam 56. By alternately arranging the first crushing rod 50 and the second crushing rod 51, the straw put into the crushing box 26 can be crushed. By arranging the discharge block 21, the telescopic rod 61, the spring 60, the inclined matching groove 59, the discharge hole 58 and the inclined partition 57, the discharge block 21 can be reciprocated up and down, so that the matching groove 59 reciprocates and cooperates with the discharge hole 58, so that the urea stored in the box body 3 intermittently slides into the mixing box 5 through the discharge hole 58 and the matching groove 59. By providing the mixing rod 47, the urea and the soil feeding pipe 36 can be evenly mixed.

[0050] The lifting block 17 also causes the mounting block 22 and the rack 15 to move downwards during the downward movement. During the downward movement of the rack 15, it first engages with the fourth gear 14 and causes the fourth gear 14 to rotate counterclockwise (see FIG. Figure 414 and the fourth gear 14 rotates one circle, and the lifting block 17 moves the mounting block 22 and the rack 15 upwards. The fourth gear 14 is meshed and connected, and then meshed and connected with the fourth gear 14 and causes the fourth gear 14 to rotate one circle clockwise. At this time, the inner ring and the outer ring of the one-way bearing are locked, and the fourth rotating shaft 42 rotates one circle clockwise accordingly. By setting the extension rod 37, the first conductive rod 38 and the second conductive rod 41 can be made to rotate one circle clockwise. During this rotation process, the second conductive rod 41 does not contact the second conductive block 40 at first. At this time, although the third conductive rod 44 contacts the third conductive block 43, the circuit of the first solenoid valve 52 cannot be connected, and the valve of the first solenoid valve 52 is in an open state. The crushed straw falls into the drilled pit through the first feeding pipe 32, and then the second conductive rod 41 is connected again. The two conductive blocks 40 are in contact with each other, the circuit of the first solenoid valve 52 is connected, and the valve of the first solenoid valve 52 is in a closed state. At the same time, the first conductive rod 38 and the first conductive block 39 are in contact with each other, the circuit of the second solenoid valve 53 is in a connected state, and the valve of the second solenoid valve 53 is in an open state, so that the mixed soil and urea are backfilled into the pit through the second feeding pipe 33, and the straw is deeply buried. After the first conductive rod 38 and the second conductive rod 41 rotate clockwise for one circle, the first conductive rod 38 and the first conductive block 39 are no longer in contact with each other, and the second conductive rod 41 and the second conductive block 40 are in contact with each other. After the deep burial of the straw is completed, the equipment is moved by an external power source, and the second rotating shaft 28 rotates , the rotation of the second rotating shaft 28 drives the worm 46 to rotate, and the meshing connection between the worm 46 and the worm wheel 66 can make the third conductive rod 44 rotate around the axis of the fifth rotating shaft 45, so that the third conductive rod 44 does not contact the third conductive block 43. At this time, although the second conductive rod 41 is in contact with the second conductive block 40, the circuit of the first solenoid valve 52 is still unable to be connected, and the valve of the first solenoid valve 52 is in an open state, so that the broken straw falls to the surface of the soil through the first feeding pipe 32. When the third conductive rod 44 contacts the third conductive block 43 again, the circuit of the first solenoid valve 52 is connected, and the valve of the first solenoid valve 52 is in a closed state, and the above process is repeated.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural conservation tillage soil preparation device, comprising a bottom plate (1), characterized in that: Four moving wheels (4) are provided below the base plate (1), and a second rotating shaft (28) fixedly connected to the four moving wheels (4) is provided through each of the four moving wheels (4), and both ends of the four second rotating shafts (28) are rotatably connected to a fixed block (27) fixedly installed on the base plate (1). A hanging ring (2) is provided on the top of the base plate (1), and a guide rod (25) is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (1). A top block (16) is fixedly installed on the top of the guide rod (25), and a threaded rod (31) is rotatably connected between the top block (16) and the base plate (1). A lifting block (17) threadedly connected to the threaded rod (31) is provided on the threaded rod (31), and the lifting block (17) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (25). An outer cover (24) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the lifting block (17), and a cover located on the outer cover is provided on the base plate (1). (24) is provided with a slot hole (54) directly below the bottom plate (1), a mixing box (5) and a crushing box (26) fixedly connected thereto are provided on the bottom plate (1), the outer cover (24) is located between the mixing box (5) and the crushing box (26), a soil breaking mechanism is provided between the mixing box (5) and the crushing box (26), a box body (3) is provided on the top of the bottom plate (1), a partition (57) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box body (3), a water outlet mechanism is provided below the bottom plate (1), a material discharging mechanism is provided on the box body (3), a mixing mechanism connected to the soil breaking mechanism is provided on the mixing box (5), a crushing mechanism connected to the soil breaking mechanism is provided on the crushing box (26), a first control mechanism connected to the soil breaking mechanism is provided on the top block (16), and a second control mechanism is provided below the bottom plate (1).

2. The agricultural conservation tillage land preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-breaking mechanism includes a sixth rotating shaft (48) rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting block (17), a spiral blade (49) located inside the outer cover (24) is provided on the outer wall of the sixth rotating shaft (48), and the outer cover (24) is provided with a soil feeding pipe (36) connected to the interior thereof, and the end of the soil feeding pipe (36) away from the outer cover (24) is directed toward the mixing box (5), a soil-breaking cone (35) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sixth rotating shaft (48), and a second servo motor (23) is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting block (17). The top end of the sixth rotating shaft (48) passes through the lifting block (17) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second servo motor (23); the top end of the top block (16) is fixedly mounted with a housing (13); the top end of the housing (13) is fixedly mounted with a first servo motor (12); the output shaft of the first servo motor (12) passes through the top block (16) and the housing (13) in sequence and is fixedly connected to the top end of the threaded rod (31); the output shaft of the first servo motor (12) is rotatably connected to the top block (16) and the housing (13).

3. The agricultural conservation tillage soil preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet mechanism comprises a cylinder (18) fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate (1); a connecting rod (20) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the lifting block (17); a sliding plug (55) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting rod (20) and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (18); a water inlet pipe (19) and a water outlet pipe (34) are provided on the cylinder (18) and are communicated with the interior thereof; one end of the water inlet pipe (19) and the water outlet pipe (34) communicating with the cylinder (18) are both located below the sliding plug (55); a one-way valve is provided in each of the water inlet pipe (19) and the water outlet pipe (34); one end of the water inlet pipe (19) away from the cylinder (18) is communicated with the box (3); and one end of the water inlet pipe (19) communicating with the box (3) is located below the partition (57).

4. The agricultural conservation tillage land preparation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharging mechanism comprises an upper block (62) fixedly mounted on an outer wall of a box body (3) close to a mixing box (5), two telescopic rods (61) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the upper block (62), and a same discharging block (21) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic ends of the two telescopic rods (61), a matching groove (59) located above the mixing box (5) is provided on the discharging block (21), a discharging hole (58) is provided on a side wall of the box body (3) close to the mixing box (5), a first rotating shaft (6) rotatably connected to the mixing box (5) is provided through the mixing box (5), and a cam (56) is fixedly mounted on one end of the first rotating shaft (6) and abuts against the bottom of the discharging block (21).

5. The agricultural conservation tillage soil preparation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing mechanism comprises a plurality of mixing rods (47) fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of a first rotating shaft (6) and located in a mixing box (5); a first gear (7) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the first rotating shaft (6) located in the mixing box (5); a seventh rotating shaft (65) rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (65) is provided through one side wall of the housing (13); a second bevel gear (64) is fixedly mounted on one end of the seventh rotating shaft (65) located in the housing (13); a first gear (7) is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the output shaft of the first servo motor (12) and is located in the housing (13) and is connected to the first gear (7); The second bevel gear (64) is meshed with the first bevel gear (63), the first bevel gear (63) and the second bevel gear (64) are meshed with each other, the second gear (10) is fixedly mounted on one end of the seventh rotating shaft (65) located outside the housing (13), a first transmission belt (8) is provided between the first gear (7) and the second gear (10), and the bottom of the mixing box (5) is provided with a first feeding pipe (32) located below the bottom plate (1) and connected to the mixing box (5), and a first solenoid valve (52) is provided on the first feeding pipe (32).

6. The agricultural conservation tillage soil preparation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism comprises a third rotating shaft (29) which is arranged on the crushing box (26) and is rotatably connected to the crushing box (26); a plurality of first crushing rods (50) located in the crushing box (26) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft (29); a plurality of second crushing rods (51) are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the crushing box (26); a fifth gear (30) is fixedly mounted on one end of the third rotating shaft (29) located outside the crushing box (26); a third gear (11) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the seventh rotating shaft (65) located outside the housing (13); and a second transmission belt (9) is arranged between the third gear (11) and the fifth gear (30).

7. The agricultural conservation tillage soil preparation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first control mechanism includes a fourth rotating shaft (42) rotatably connected to a side wall of the top block (16), an inner ring of a one-way bearing is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating shaft (42), an outer ring of the one-way bearing is fixedly mounted on a fourth gear (14), a mounting block (22) is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting block (17), a rack (15) is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting block (22), an extension rod (37) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating shaft (42), a first conductive rod (38) and a second conductive rod (41) are provided on a side wall of the extension rod (37) close to the top block (16), a first conductive block (39) and a second conductive block (40) are provided on a side wall of the top block (16), and the first conductive rod (38) and the first conductive block (39) are both located in the circuit of the first solenoid valve (52).

8. The agricultural conservation tillage soil preparation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second control mechanism includes a block (67) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base plate (1); a fifth rotating shaft (45) is rotatably connected to a side wall of the block (67); a worm gear (66) is fixedly mounted on one end of the fifth rotating shaft (45); one end of the second rotating shaft (28) passes through a fixed block (27) and is fixedly mounted with a worm (46); the worm gear (66) is meshedly connected with the worm gear (46); a third conductive block (43) is provided on a side wall of the block (67) close to the worm gear (66); a third conductive rod (44) is provided on a side wall of the worm gear (66) close to the block (67); the second conductive rod (41), the second conductive block (40), the third conductive rod (44) and the third conductive block (43) are all located in the circuit of the second solenoid valve (53).

9. A method for agricultural conservation tillage and land preparation, characterized in that: Using the agricultural conservation tillage soil preparation equipment according to claim 8 comprises the following steps: The first step is to prevent the device from moving, start the first servo motor (12) and the second servo motor (23), and wet and break the soil through the soil breaking mechanism and the water discharge mechanism, and then transfer the soil after breaking into the mixing box (5); In the second step, the urea and the soil after breaking are mixed through the crushing mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the mixing mechanism to pre-crush the straw; In the third step, the crushed straw is fed into the deep soil through the first feeding pipe (32) by means of the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism, and then the mixed urea and soil are refilled through the second feeding pipe (33). The fourth step is to move the device and again use the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism to make the crushed straw fall to the soil surface through the first feeding pipe (32) to achieve covering.

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