Frost-inhibiting coating composition as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a frost-inhibiting coating composition as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The frost-inhibiting coating composition is prepared from the following raw material components: nanoparticles, a solvent, an organic silicon precursor, siloxane containing carbon-carbon double bonds, an accelerant, hydrogen-containing silicone oil and a catalyst. The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition comprises the following steps: a, mixing the nanoparticles, the solvent, the organic silicon precursor, siloxane containing carbon-carbon double bonds and the accelerant to obtain a mixture; b, hydrogen-containing silicone oil and a catalyst are added into the mixture for a reaction, and the frost-inhibiting coating composition is obtained. A water-draining and water-skiing heat exchanger frost restraining system with a low sliding angle is established, and quick discharge of condensed water drops and prolonging of frosting time during air conditioner heating are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coating materials, and in particular relates to a frost-inhibiting coating composition, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The heat exchanger is a key component in air conditioning systems, primarily responsible for heat exchange. In cooling mode, the heat exchanger transfers indoor heat to the outdoors. In heating mode, it absorbs outdoor heat into the indoor space. Through the heat exchanger in the outdoor unit, the air conditioning system maintains the set indoor temperature. During heating, outdoor heat is absorbed and transferred indoors. An efficient heat exchanger improves the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system, meaning it consumes less electricity to provide the same cooling or heating capacity. Good heat exchange performance helps reduce the operating costs of the air conditioning system because more efficient heat exchange reduces the operating time of the compressor and other components. However, at low heating temperatures (e.g., 2°C / 1°C), moisture from the outdoor environment easily condenses on the fins of the outdoor unit's heat exchanger due to the temperature difference. The gaps between these fins are often very narrow, providing an ideal surface for condensation. Over time, these water droplets can connect with each other in the tiny gaps between the fins, forming a phenomenon known as "bridging." As the outside temperature continues to drop, these bridging water droplets gradually freeze, eventually forming ice, which accumulates layer by layer to form a thick layer of frost. This ice accumulation not only increases the air resistance of the heat exchanger but also seriously affects its thermal conductivity and overall efficiency. The presence of ice significantly restricts the exchange of heat between indoor and outdoor spaces. As a result, the air conditioning system struggles to maintain normal operation, unable to effectively regulate the indoor temperature, resulting in large fluctuations in indoor temperature.

[0003] Of the many anti-frost and defrost methods explored at home and abroad, only a very small number of anti-frost and defrost technologies can be used for defrosting heat exchangers. For example, the more widely used thermal defrost and mechanical defrost are mostly used in air source heat pumps, but the coating anti-frost and defrost methods still have many technical defects and have not been put into practical use. Currently, both the engineering and academic communities are eager to find more energy-efficient anti-frost and defrost methods. Existing anti-frost technologies include super-hydrophilic technology and super-hydrophobic technology. Among them, super-hydrophilic technology promotes the removal of condensed water by forming a water film, but has poor anti-frost effect and is prone to failure. However, super-hydrophobic coatings have poor mechanical strength, are not wear-resistant, and have a fragile structure, and their strength is difficult to meet application requirements.

[0004] Furthermore, many existing hydrophobic, anti-icing, and defrosting coatings contain fluorine, such as fluorocarbon resins and fluoropolymers like polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). These fluorine compounds can accumulate in the environment and the human body, and are associated with disease and immune system damage. Furthermore, these compounds are persistent organic pollutants (POPs), posing a risk of persistent pollutants.

[0005] The existing anti-icing and defrosting issues for equipment such as air conditioner heat pumps remain largely unresolved. Most existing methods achieve defrosting at the expense of significant energy consumption and are environmentally unfriendly. Coating technologies, however, have numerous limitations due to their inherent structure and chemical composition, hindering their practical application. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an improved anti-icing and defrosting material for heat exchangers that is fluorine-free, energy-efficient, and frost-resistant, while maintaining long-term effectiveness and meeting application requirements, enabling industrial-scale production and deployment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which establishes a hydrophobic and water-slip heat exchanger anti-frost system with a low sliding angle, thereby achieving rapid discharge of condensed water droplets and extending the frosting time during air conditioning heating.

[0008] The present invention also provides a hydrophobic and water-slip coating.

[0009] The present invention also provides a fin.

[0010] The invention also provides a temperature regulating device.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition.

[0012] The first aspect of the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which includes the following raw material components: nanoparticles, a solvent, an organosilicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, an accelerator, a hydrogenated silicone oil, and a catalyst.

[0013] The present invention synthesizes and controls the anti-frost coating composition to produce a hydrophobic and hydroslip anti-frost coating for application to heat exchanger fins. The coating exhibits a smooth surface, adhesion of up to level 0, a contact angle of approximately 110°, a low water droplet sliding angle (approximately ≤5° or ≤2°), and can more than double the frost formation time, eliminating the formation of water bridges during the defrosting process.

[0014] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0015]

[0016] The anti-frost coating composition of the present invention has a specific weight ratio, can achieve fluorine-free pollution, achieve the purpose of energy saving and anti-frost, while maintaining long-term effectiveness, and has strength that meets application requirements, thereby realizing industrial-scale production and application.

[0017] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the nanoparticles include at least one of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, and zirconium oxide.

[0018] The nanoparticles of the present invention have an extremely small volume and an extremely high specific surface area, and exert a volume effect in the anti-frost coating composition to enhance the hardness of the coating, thereby further preventing damage to the coating during assembly, processing, and use of the heat exchanger.

[0019] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the nanoparticles is 10 nm to 100 nm.

[0020] As an example, when the particle size of the nanoparticles is 10 nm, the specific surface area is about 600 m 2 / g, which can exert a volume effect in the anti-frost coating composition, enhance the hardness of the coating, and further avoid coating damage during the assembly, processing, and use of the heat exchanger.

[0021] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the solvent includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, isobutanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, and toluene.

[0022] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the solvent can disperse the nanoparticles so that they are fully dispersed in the anti-frost coating composition, thereby obtaining a coating with uniform thickness distribution, high strength and uniform stress, further extending the use effect and service life of the heat exchanger.

[0023] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the organosilicon precursor includes at least one of tetraethyl silicate (or ethyl orthosilicate), methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0024] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the organosilicon precursor provides reaction sites and adhesion, and the carbon-carbon double bonds provide reaction sites for subsequent reactions.

[0025] For purposes of illustration and not limitation, the organosilicon precursor undergoes hydrolysis and condensation with a carbon-carbon double-bond siloxane using an accelerator (acid or base), reacting with the hydroxyl groups on the substrate surface to enhance the coating's adhesion. Furthermore, the hydrolysis and condensation reaction with the carbon-carbon double-bond siloxane creates carbon-carbon double bonds, providing reaction sites for subsequent reactions.

[0026] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the siloxane containing carbon-carbon double bonds includes at least one of vinyltrimethylsiloxane, tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane, vinyltriethoxysilane, methacrylsiloxane, epoxypropylenesiloxane, and amidopropylenesiloxane.

[0027] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the siloxane containing carbon-carbon double bonds is connected to the network formed by the organosilicon precursor through hydrolysis and condensation, and its double bonds react with the silicon-hydrogen bonds in the hydrogen-containing silicone oil to graft the hydrogen-containing silicone oil into the coating system.

[0028] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the accelerator comprises an acid or a base.

[0029] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the accelerator promotes the hydrolysis and condensation of the organosilicon precursor and the siloxane containing carbon-carbon double bonds.

[0030] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the accelerator includes at least one of formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, ammonia water, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.

[0031] For purposes of illustration and not limitation, the accelerator is cost-effective and can be easily produced and used on an industrial scale.

[0032] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the accelerator is 0.01 mol / L to 1 mol / L.

[0033] For purposes of illustration and not limitation, the promoters are readily available.

[0034] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen content of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is 0.5% to 1.6% (mass percentage, m / m).

[0035] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the hydrogen-containing silicone oil includes polymethylhydrogensiloxane, for example, polymethylhydrogensiloxane with different hydrogen contents, with the hydrogen content ranging from 0.5% to 1.6% (mass percentage, m / m).

[0036] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the hydrogenated silicone oil reacts with the carbon-carbon double bonds in the siloxane containing carbon-carbon double bonds and is grafted into the coating system in the form of covalent bonds to form a hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane flexible liquid-like molecular chain. When there is water on the surface, a smooth surface similar to an oil-water interface is formed, and water droplets can slide more easily on its surface.

[0037] For the purpose of explanation rather than limitation, the hydrogenated silicone oil is not present in the anti-frost coating composition or coating in a physically mixed manner, but is grafted into the anti-frost coating composition or coating system in the form of a chemical covalent bond, and will not lose its anti-frost performance due to the volatilization of the active ingredients over time.

[0038] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the catalyst includes at least one of a platinum catalyst, a palladium catalyst, and a Custer catalyst.

[0039] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, Kast catalyst is a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst, which is usually in the form of nanoparticles or supported structures to improve catalytic activity and selectivity.

[0040] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the anti-frost coating composition does not contain fluorine.

[0041] For purposes of illustration and not limitation, fluorine-containing coatings, such as those containing fluorocarbon resins and fluoropolymers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), can accumulate in the environment and in the human body, leading to illness and immune system damage. Furthermore, these coatings are considered persistent organic pollutants (POPs), posing a risk of persistent pollutant contamination. The frost-inhibiting coating composition of the present invention is fluorine-free, eliminating fluorine pollution and hazards.

[0042] An embodiment of the technical solution of the frost-inhibiting coating composition of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] The anti-frost coating composition of the present invention does not contain fluorine and will not cause fluorine pollution, can achieve the purpose of energy saving and anti-frost, and at the same time maintains long-term effectiveness and has strength that meets application requirements, thereby realizing industrial-scale production and application.

[0044] A second aspect of the present invention provides a hydrophobic and water-slip coating, comprising the anti-frost coating composition.

[0045] For purposes of illustration and not limitation, the present invention constructs a hydrophobic and water-slipping system that is fluorine-free, does not utilize a super-hydrophobic surface, and does not require silicone lubrication. This fluorine-free invention is the first to propose the concept of hydrophobic and water-slipping as a beneficial method for frost prevention in heat exchangers. Furthermore, the silicone oil is covalently grafted into the coating, preventing the loss of frost prevention properties over time due to volatilization of the active ingredients.

[0046] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the hydrophobic water-slip coating does not contain fluorine.

[0047] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogenated silicone oil or silicone oil in the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is grafted into the coating in the form of a covalent bond, rather than being physically mixed into the anti-frost coating composition or the coating.

[0048] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the coating has a thickness of 1 μm to 20 μm, for example, 1 μm to 15 μm, 1 μm to 10 μm, 1 μm to 5 μm, 5 μm to 20 μm, 5 μm to 15 μm, 5 μm to 10 μm, and so on.

[0049] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the coating has a uniform thickness distribution, high strength and uniform stress, which can extend the use effect and service life of the heat exchanger.

[0050] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the coating comprises the following steps:

[0051] The anti-frost coating composition is dip-coated, roller-coated, or sprayed on a substrate surface and cured to obtain a coating. Optionally, the curing can be carried out in an oven.

[0052] Optionally, the substrate is a fin or a heat exchanger fin. Optionally, the fin is an aluminum foil fin.

[0053] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the curing temperature is 60°C to 200°C.

[0054] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the curing time is 10 min to 60 min.

[0055] An embodiment of the technical solution for the hydrophobic and water-slip coating of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0056] The hydrophobic and water-slipping coating of the present invention is fluorine-free and does not cause fluorine pollution. It has a smooth surface, adhesion reaching level 0, a contact angle of approximately 110°, a small water droplet sliding angle (approximately ≤5° or ≤2°), and can more than double the frost formation time, eliminating the formation of water bridges during the defrost process. This coating achieves energy conservation and frost suppression while maintaining long-term effectiveness and meeting application requirements, enabling industrial-scale production and application.

[0057] A third aspect of the present invention provides a fin, comprising the coating.

[0058] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the coating is applied to the fin surface by dipping, rolling, or spraying, and the coating has a uniform thickness distribution on the fin surface, which can extend the use effect and service life of the heat exchanger.

[0059] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the spacing distance between adjacent fins is ≤ 2 mm.

[0060] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, there are a plurality of fins in the heat exchanger, and the spacing distance between two adjacent fins is ≤ 2 mm.

[0061] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the fins are fluorine-free.

[0062] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the fin is an aluminum foil fin.

[0063] An embodiment of the technical solution of the fin of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0064] The fin coating of the present invention does not contain fluorine, thus preventing fluorine pollution. The fin surface is relatively smooth, with adhesion reaching level 0, a contact angle of approximately 110°, a small water droplet sliding angle (approximately ≤5° or ≤2°), and the frost formation time can be more than doubled, with no water bridges forming during the defrost process. This achieves energy conservation and frost suppression while maintaining long-term effectiveness and meeting application requirements, enabling industrial-scale production and application.

[0065] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a temperature regulating device, which includes the fin.

[0066] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the temperature regulating device includes at least one of an evaporator, a condenser, an outdoor heat exchanger (air conditioner outdoor unit), an air cooler, a radiator, an intercooler, a vacuum tube collector, and an oil-immersed transformer heat sink.

[0067] For the purpose of explanation and not limitation, the temperature regulating device is an air conditioner, a cold storage, or a refrigerator.

[0068] An embodiment of the technical solution of the temperature regulating device of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0069] The coating of the temperature control device of the present invention does not contain fluorine, thus preventing fluorine pollution. The coating surface of the temperature control device is relatively smooth, with adhesion reaching level 0, a contact angle of approximately 110°, a small water droplet sliding angle (approximately ≤5° or ≤2°), and can more than double the frost formation time, without the formation of water bridges during the defrost process. This achieves energy conservation and frost suppression while maintaining long-term effectiveness and meeting application requirements, enabling industrial-scale production and application.

[0070] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition, the method comprising the following steps:

[0071] a. mixing the nanoparticles, a solvent, an organosilicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and a accelerator to obtain a mixture;

[0072] b. adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil and a catalyst to the mixture to react to obtain the anti-frost coating composition.

[0073] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition, the method comprising the following steps:

[0074] a. The nanoparticles are dispersed in a solvent, and an organosilicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and an accelerator are added and mixed, and stirred at 30°C to 100°C for 30min to 120min to obtain a mixture;

[0075] b. adding hydrogenated silicone oil and a catalyst to the mixture and reacting at 30°C to 60°C for 10 to 120 minutes to obtain the anti-frost coating composition.

[0076] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition, the method comprising the following steps:

[0077] a. Ultrasonic dispersion of the nanoparticles in a solvent, addition of an organosilicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and a accelerator are performed, followed by mixing and stirring at 30 to 100 ° C (optionally in a water bath) for 30 to 120 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0078] b. Add hydrogenated silicone oil and a catalyst to the mixture, react at 30°C to 60°C for 10 to 120 minutes, and age for 1 to 48 hours to obtain the anti-frost coating composition.

[0079] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the ultrasonic dispersion time is 10 min to 60 min.

[0080] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the method of preparing the anti-frost coating composition does not use fluorine-containing substances.

[0081] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an application of the anti-frost coating composition, wherein the anti-frost coating composition is applied to a coating, a fin, or a temperature regulating device.

[0082] According to some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a use of the frost-inhibiting coating composition, or the coating, or the fin in a heat exchanger of a temperature regulating device.

[0083] An embodiment of the technical solution of the method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0084] The method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition of the present invention does not use fluorine and does not cause fluorine pollution. The resulting coating has a relatively smooth surface, adhesion reaching level 0, a contact angle of approximately 110°, a small water droplet sliding angle (approximately ≤5° or ≤2°), and can more than double the frosting time, with no water bridges formed during the defrosting process. This achieves energy conservation and frost suppression while maintaining long-term effectiveness and strength that meets application requirements, enabling industrial-scale production and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0085] Figure 1 Shown is a contact angle test graph of the coating of Example 1;

[0086] Figure 2 The figure shows the sliding angle test of the coating of Example 1. The left part shows a horizontally placed water droplet, and the right part shows the water droplet starting to slide when the rotation angle is 2°.

[0087] Figure 3 A test diagram of the defrosting effect of the coating of Example 1 is shown;

[0088] Figure 4 Shows the air conditioner anti-frost test diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0090] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "plurality" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0091] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It is further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, are interpreted in accordance with their meanings in the context of the relevant art and are not idealized or overly formalized unless expressly defined herein.

[0092] All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.

[0093] Unless otherwise indicated, the use of any and all examples or exemplary language (such as "for example") provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not limit the scope of the invention. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any element as essential to the practice of the invention unless expressly stated otherwise.

[0094] If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, the experiments were carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0095] In the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which includes the following raw material components, or is composed of the following raw material components: nanoparticles, solvents, organosilicon precursors, siloxanes containing carbon-carbon double bonds, accelerators, hydrogen-containing silicone oils, and catalysts.

[0096] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises, or consists of, the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] In combination with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the weight proportion of the nanoparticles in the raw materials of the anti-frost coating composition is 0.1 part, 0.2 part, 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part, 1 part, 1.1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts, 2 parts, 2.1 parts, 2.2 parts, 2.3 parts, 2.4 parts, 2.5 parts, 2.6 parts, 2.7 parts, 2.8 parts, 2.9 parts, 3 parts, 3.1 parts, 3.2 parts, 3.3 parts, 3.4 parts, 3.5 parts, 3.6 parts, 3.7 parts, 3.8 parts, 3.9 parts, 4 parts, 4.1 parts, 4.2 parts, 4.3 parts, 4.4 parts, 4.5 parts, 4.6 parts, 4.7 parts, 4.8 parts, 4.9 parts, or 5 parts.

[0100] In combination with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the weight proportion of the solvent in the raw materials of the anti-frost coating composition is 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts, 24 parts, 25 parts, 26 parts, 27 parts, 28 parts, 29 parts, 30 parts, 31 parts, 32 parts, 33 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts, 37 parts, 38 parts, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, or 80 portions.

[0101] In combination with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the weight ratio of the organosilicon precursor in the raw materials of the anti-frost coating composition is 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts, 24 parts, 25 parts, 26 parts, 27 parts, 28 parts, 29 parts, 30 parts, 31 parts, 32 parts, 33 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts, 37 parts, 38 parts, 39 parts, 40 parts, 41 parts, 42 parts, 43 parts, 44 parts, 45 parts, 46 parts, 47 parts, 48 ​​parts, 49 parts, or 50 parts.

[0102] In combination with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the weight ratio of the siloxane containing carbon-carbon double bonds in the raw materials of the anti-frost coating composition is 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts, 24 parts, 25 parts, 26 parts, 27 parts, 28 parts, 29 parts, or 30 parts.

[0103] In combination with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the weight proportion of the accelerator in the raw materials of the anti-frost coating composition is 0.1 part, 0.2 part, 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part, 1 part, 1.1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts, 2 , 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, or 5 parts.

[0104] In combination with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the weight proportion of hydrogen silicone oil in the raw materials of the anti-frost coating composition is 0.1 part, 0.2 part, 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part, 1 part, 1.1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts, 2 parts, 2.1 parts, 2.2 parts, 2.3 parts, 2.4 parts, 2.5 parts, 2.6 parts, 2.7 parts, 2.8 parts, 2.9 parts, 3 parts, 3.1 parts, 3.2 parts, 3.3 parts, 3.4 parts, 3.5 parts, 3.6 parts, 3.7 parts, 3.8 parts, 3.9 parts, 4 parts, 4.1 parts, 4.2 parts, 4.3 parts, 4.4 parts, 4.5 parts, 4.6 parts, 4.7 parts, 4.8 parts, 4.9 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, or 10 parts.

[0105] In combination with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the weight proportion of the catalyst in the raw materials of the anti-frost coating composition is 0.01 part, 0.02 part, 0.03 part, 0.04 part, 0.05 part, 0.06 part, 0.07 part, 0.08 part, 0.09 part, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part, 1 part, 1.1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts , 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts, 2 parts, 2.1 parts, 2.2 parts, 2.3 parts, 2.4 parts, 2.5 parts, 2.6 parts, 2.7 parts, 2.8 parts, 2.9 parts, 3 parts, 3.1 parts, 3.2 parts, 3.3 parts, 3.4 parts, 3.5 parts, 3.6 parts, 3.7 parts, 3.8 parts, 3.9 parts, 4 parts, 4.1 parts, 4.2 parts, 4.3 parts, 4.4 parts, 4.5 parts, 4.6 parts, 4.7 parts, 4.8 parts, 4.9 parts, or 5 parts.

[0106] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0107]

[0108] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0112]

[0113] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0114]

[0115] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0119]

[0120] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, as an example, the present invention provides an anti-frost coating composition, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0121]

[0122] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the nanoparticles include at least one of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, and zirconium oxide. As an alternative embodiment, the nanoparticles are nano-oxides. As an example, the nano-oxides include at least one of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, and zirconium oxide.

[0123] For example, the nanoparticles are silicon oxide. For example, the nanoparticles are titanium oxide. For example, the nanoparticles are aluminum oxide. For example, the nanoparticles are iron oxide. For example, the nanoparticles are silicon nitride. For example, the nanoparticles are magnesium oxide. For example, the nanoparticles are zirconium oxide.

[0124] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the nanoparticles is 10nm to 100nm. As an example, the particle size of the nanoparticles is 10nm, 11nm, 12nm, 13nm, 14nm, 15nm, 16nm, 17nm, 18nm, 19nm, 20nm, 21nm, 22nm, 23nm, 24nm, 25nm, 26nm, 27nm, 28nm, 29nm, 30nm, 31nm, 32nm, 33nm, 34nm, 35nm, 36nm, 37nm, 38nm, 39nm, 40nm, 41nm, 42nm, 43nm, 44nm, 45nm, 46nm, 47nm, 48nm, 49nm, 50nm, 51nm, 52nm, 53nm, 54nm 4nm, 55nm, 56nm, 57nm, 58nm, 59nm, 60nm, 61nm, 62nm, 63nm, 64nm, 65nm, 66nm, 67nm, 68nm, 69nm, 70nm, 71nm, 72nm, 73nm, 74nm, 75nm, 76nm, 77nm ,78nm,79nm,80nm,81nm,82nm,83nm,84nm,85nm,86nm,87nm,88nm,89n m, 90nm, 91nm, 92nm, 93nm, 94nm, 95nm, 96nm, 97nm, 98nm, 99nm, or 100nm.

[0125] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the solvent includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, isobutanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, and toluene. As an example, the solvent is isopropanol. As an example, the solvent is ethyl acetate. As an example, the solvent is ethanol. As an example, the solvent is n-hexane.

[0126] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the organosilicon precursor includes at least one of tetraethyl silicate (or tetraethyl orthosilicate), methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. As an example, the organosilicon precursor is methyltrimethoxysilane. As an example, the organosilicon precursor is methyltriethoxysilane. As an example, the organosilicon precursor is tetraethyl orthosilicate. As an example, the organosilicon precursor is 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0127] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond includes at least one of vinyl trimethyl siloxane, tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane, vinyl triethoxy silane, methacryl siloxane, epoxy propylene siloxane, and amido propylene siloxane. As an example, the siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond is vinyl trimethyl siloxane. As an example, the siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond is tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane. As an example, the siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond is vinyl triethoxy silane. As an example, the siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond is methacryl siloxane.

[0128] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the accelerator comprises an acid or a base. As an alternative embodiment, the accelerator is an acid or a base.

[0129] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the accelerator includes at least one of formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, ammonia water, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide. For example, the accelerator is hydrochloric acid. For example, the accelerator is ammonia water. For example, the accelerator is acetic acid. For example, the accelerator is sodium hydroxide.

[0130] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the accelerator is 0.01 mol / L to 1 mol / L. As an example, the concentration of the accelerator is 0.01 mol / L, 0.02 mol / L, 0.03 mol / L, 0.04 mol / L, 0.05 mol / L, 0.06 mol / L, 0.07 mol / L, 0.08 mol / L, 0.09 mol / L, 0.1 mol / L, 0.2 mol / L, 0.3 mol / L, 0.4 mol / L, 0.5 mol / L, 0.6 mol / L, 0.7 mol / L, 0.8 mol / L, 0.9 mol / L, or 1 mol / L.

[0131] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen content of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is 0.5% to 1.6% (mass percentage, m / m). As an example, the hydrogen content of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is one or more of 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, and 1.6%.

[0132] As an example, the hydrogen-containing silicone oil includes polymethylhydrogensiloxane, for example, the hydrogen-containing silicone oil includes polymethylhydrogensiloxane with different hydrogen contents, the hydrogen contents being 0.5% to 1.6%, 1.5% to 1.6%, 1.15% to 1.25%, 1.15% to 1.25%, and 0.53% to 0.57% (mass percentage, m / m).

[0133] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the anti-frost coating composition does not contain silicone oil physically mixed therein.

[0134] In combination with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the catalyst includes at least one of a platinum catalyst (or a platinum catalyst), a palladium catalyst, and a Custer catalyst.

[0135] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the anti-frost coating composition does not contain fluorine.

[0136] In a second aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a hydrophobic and water-slip coating, comprising the frost-inhibiting coating composition provided in the first aspect.

[0137] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the coating has a thickness of 1 μm to 20 μm. Specifically, the coating has a thickness of, for example, 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, or 20 μm.

[0138] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the coating is fluorine-free.

[0139] In a third aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a fin comprising the coating provided in the second aspect.

[0140] As used herein, the term "fin" refers to an extended surface used to enhance heat transfer. Fins are typically attached to substrates (such as pipes and electronic components) to increase heat dissipation or heat exchange efficiency by increasing surface area. They are widely used in heat exchangers, electronic cooling, air conditioning systems, and other fields.

[0141] In combination with the third aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the fins generally include a plurality of fins, and the spacing distance between two adjacent fins is ≤2mm, ≤1.5mm, ≤1.4mm, ≤1.3mm, ≤1.2mm, for example, about 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm.

[0142] In combination with the third aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the fin is an aluminum foil fin.

[0143] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, a heat exchanger includes the fins. Alternatively, an air conditioner heat exchanger includes the fins. Alternatively, an air conditioner includes the fins.

[0144] In some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, when an air conditioner is operating in low-temperature heating mode (e.g., operating conditions of 2°C / 1°C, with a dry-bulb temperature of 2°C / wet-bulb temperature of 1°C), moisture from the outdoor environment, upon encountering the heat exchanger of the air conditioner's outdoor unit, can easily condense into water droplets on the fins due to the temperature difference effect. However, surprisingly, an air conditioner using the fins described in the present invention can extend the frosting time by more than double during operation, especially in low-temperature heating mode. No water bridges are formed during the defrosting process, achieving rapid discharge of condensed water droplets and extending the frosting time during heating mode.

[0145] In combination with the third aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, a method for preparing the fin is further provided, specifically comprising: applying the coating to the surface of the fin by dipping, roller coating, or spraying, and curing.

[0146] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the curing temperature is 60°C to 200°C (for example, 60°C, 61°C, 62°C, 63°C, 64°C, 65°C, 66°C, 67°C, 68°C, 69°C, 70°C, 71°C, 72°C, 73°C, 74°C, 75°C, 76°C, 77°C, 78°C, 79°C, 80°C, 81°C, 82°C, 83°C, 84°C, 85°C, 86°C, 87°C, 88°C, 89°C, 90°C, 91°C, 92°C, 93°C, 94°C, 95°C, 96°C, 97°C, 98°C, 99°C, 100°C, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, 140°C, 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 200°C, or any range therebetween).

[0147] In combination with the third aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the curing time is 10 min to 60 min (for example, 10 min, 11 min, 12 min, 13 min, 14 min, 15 min, 16 min, 17 min, 18 min, 19 min, 20 min, 21 min, 22 min, 23 min, 24 min, 25 min, 26 min, 27 min, 28 min, 29 min, 30 min, 31 min, 32 min, 33 min, 34 min, 35 min, 36 min, 37 min, 38 min, 39 min, 40 min, 41 min, 42 min, 43 min, 44 min, 45 min, 46 min, 47 min, 48 min, 49 min, 50 min, 51 min, 52 min, 53 min, 54 min, 55 min, 56 min, 57 min, 58 min, 59 min, 60 min).

[0148] In a fourth aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a temperature regulating device, comprising the fin provided in the third aspect.

[0149] In combination with the fourth aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the temperature regulating device includes at least one of an evaporator, a condenser, an outdoor heat exchanger (air conditioner outdoor unit), an air cooler, a radiator, an intercooler, a vacuum tube collector, and an oil-immersed transformer heat sink.

[0150] In combination with the fourth aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the temperature regulating device is an air conditioner, a cold storage, or a refrigerator.

[0151] In a fifth aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition, the method comprising the steps of:

[0152] a. mixing the nanoparticles, a solvent, an organosilicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and a accelerator to obtain a mixture;

[0153] b. adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil and a catalyst to the mixture to react to obtain the anti-frost coating composition.

[0154] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition, the method comprising the following steps:

[0155] a. Dispersing the nanoparticles in a solvent, adding an organosilicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and an accelerator, and mixing them, and heating at 30°C to 100°C (e.g., 30°C, 31°C, 32°C, 33°C, 34°C, 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C, 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, 45°C, 46°C, 47°C, 48°C, 49°C, 50°C, 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 58°C, 59°C, 60°C, 61°C, 62°C, 63°C, 64°C, 65°C, 66°C, 67°C, 68°C, 69°C, 70°C, 71°C, 72°C, 73°C, 74°C, 75°C, 76°C, 77°C, 78°C, 79°C, The mixture is stirred at 7°C, 68°C, 69°C, 70°C, 71°C, 72°C, 73°C, 74°C, 75°C, 76°C, 77°C, 78°C, 79°C, 80°C, 81°C, 82°C, 83°C, 84°C, 85°C, 86°C, 87°C, 88°C, 89°C, 90°C, 91°C, 92°C, 93°C, 94°C, 95°C, 96°C, 97°C, 98°C, 99°C, 100°C, or any range therebetween for 30 min to 120 min (e.g., 30 min, 31 min, 32 min, 33 min, 34 min, 35 min, 36 min n, 37min, 38min, 39min, 40min, 41min, 42min, 43min, 44min, 45min, 46min, 47min, 48min, 49min, 50min, 51min, 52min, 53mi n, 54min, 55min, 56min, 57min, 58min, 59min, 60min, 61min, 62min, 63min, 64min, 65min, 66min, 67min, 68min, 69min, 70mi n, 71min, 72min, 73min, 74min, 75min, 76min, 77min, 78min, 79min, 80min, 81min, 82min, 83min, 84min, 85min, 86min, 87mi n, 88min, 89min, 90min, 91min, 92min, 93min, 94min, 95min, 96min, 97min, 98min, 99min, 100min, 110min, 120min) to obtain a mixture;

[0156] b. adding hydrogenated silicone oil and a catalyst to the mixture, and reacting for 10 min to 120 min (e.g., 10 min to 25 min) at 30° C. to 60° C. (e.g., 30° C., 31° C., 32° C., 33° C., 34° C., 35° C., 36° C., 37° C., 38° C., 39° C., 40° C., 41° C., 42° C., 43° C., 44° C., 45° C., 46° C., 47° C., 48° C., 49° C., 50° C., 51° C., 52° C., 53° C., 54° C., 55° C., 56° C., 57° C., 58° C., 59° C., 60° C., or any range therebetween). ,11min,12min,13min,14min,15min,16min,17min,18min,19min,20min,21min,22min,23min,24min,25min,26mi n, 27min, 28min, 29min, 30min, 31min, 32min, 33min, 34min, 35min, 36min, 37min, 38min, 39min, 40min, 41min, 42m in, 43min, 44min, 45min, 46min, 47min, 48min, 49min, 50min, 51min, 52min, 53min, 54min, 55min, 56min, 57min, 5 8min, 59min, 60min, 61min, 62min, 63min, 64min, 65min, 66min, 67min, 68min, 69min, 70min, 71min, 72min, 73min, min, 98min, 99min, 100min, 110min, 120min) to obtain the anti-frost coating composition.

[0157] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition, the method comprising the following steps:

[0158] a. Ultrasonic dispersion of the nanoparticles in a solvent, adding an organosilicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and an accelerator, and mixing the mixture, and heating the mixture at 30°C to 100°C (e.g., 30°C, 31°C, 32°C, 33°C, 34°C, 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C, 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, 45°C, 46°C, 47°C, 48°C, 49°C, 50°C, 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 58°C, 59°C, 60°C, 61°C, 62°C, 63°C, 64°C, 65°C, 66°C, 67°C, 68°C, 69°C, 70°C, 71°C, 72°C, 73°C, 74°C, 75°C, 76°C, 77°C, 78°C, 79°C, ℃, 70 ℃, 71 ℃, 72 ℃, 73 ℃, 74 ℃, 75 ℃, 76 ℃, 77 ℃, 78 ℃, 79 ℃, 80 ℃, 81 ℃, 82 ℃, 83 ℃, 84 ℃, 85 ℃, 86 ℃, 87 ℃, 88 ℃, 89 ℃, 90 ℃, 91 ℃, 92 ℃, 93 ℃, 94 ℃, 95 ℃, 96 ℃, 97 ℃, 98 ℃, 99 ℃, 100 ℃, or any range therebetween) (optionally in a water bath) and stirred for 30 min to 120 min (e.g., 30 min, 31 min, 32 min, 33 min, 34 min, 35 min) at 7 ℃, 68 ℃, 69 ℃, 70 ℃, 71 ℃, 72 ℃, 73 ℃, 74 ℃, 75 ℃, 76 ℃, 77 ℃, 78 ℃, 79 ℃, 80 ℃, 81 ℃, 82 ℃, 83 ℃, 84 ℃, 85 ℃, 86 ℃, 87 ℃, 88 ℃, 89 ℃, 90 ℃, 91 ℃, 92 ℃, 93 ℃, 94 ℃, 95 ℃, 96 ℃, 97 ℃, 98 ℃, 99 ℃, 100 ℃, or any range therebetween) ,36min,37min,38min,39min,40min,41min,42min,43min,44min,45min,46min,47min,48min,49min,50min,51min,52min, 53min, 54min, 55min, 56min, 57min, 58min, 59min, 60min, 61min, 62min, 63min, 64min, 65min, 66min, 67min, 68min, 69min, 7 min, 98 min, 99 min, 100 min, 110 min, 120 min) to obtain a mixture;

[0159] b. adding hydrogenated silicone oil and a catalyst to the mixture, and reacting at 30°C to 60°C (e.g., 30°C, 31°C, 32°C, 33°C, 34°C, 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C, 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, 45°C, 46°C, 47°C, 48°C, 49°C, 50°C, 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 58°C, 59°C, 60°C, or any range therebetween) for 10 min to 120 min (e.g., 10 min, 11 min, 12 min, 13 min, 14 min, 15 min, 16 min, 17 min, 18 min, 19 min, 20 min, 21min, 22min, 23min, 24min, 25min, 26min, 27min, 28min, 29min, 30min, 31min, 32min, 33min, 34min, 35min, 36min, 37min, 38min, 39min, 40min, 41min , 42min, 43min, 44min, 45min, 46min, 47min, 48min, 49min, 50min, 51min, 52min, 53min, 54min, 55min, 56min, 57min, 58min, 59min, 60min, 61min, 62mi n, 63min, 64min, 65min, 66min, 67min, 68min, 69min, 70min, 71min, 72min, 73min, 74min, 75min, 76min, 77min, 78min, 79min, 80min, 81min, 82min, 83m in, 84min, 85min, 86min, 87min, 88min, 89min, 90min, 91min, 92min, 93min, 94min, 95min, 96min, 97min, 98min, 99min, 100min, 110min, 120min), aging for 1h to 48 hours (e.g., 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours, 10 hours, 11 hours, 12 hours, 13 hours, 14 hours, 15 hours, 16 hours, 17 hours, 18 hours, 19 hours, 20 hours, 21 hours, 22 hours, 23 hours, 24 hours, 25 hours, 26 hours, 27 hours, 28 hours, 29 hours, 30 hours, 31 hours, 32 hours, 33 hours, 34 hours, 35 hours, 36 hours, 37 hours, 38 hours, 39 hours, 40 hours, 41 hours, 42 hours, 43 hours, 44 hours, 45 hours, 46 hours, 47 hours, 48 ​​hours) to obtain the anti-frost coating composition.

[0160] In combination with the fifth aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the time of ultrasonic dispersion is 10min to 60min (for example, 10min, 11min, 12min, 13min, 14min, 15min, 16min, 17min, 18min, 19min, 20min, 21min, 22min, 23min, 24min, 25min, 26min, 27min, 28min, 29min, 30min, 31min, 32min, 33min, 34min, 35min, 36min, 37min, 38min, 39min, 40min, 41min, 42min, 43min, 44min, 45min, 46min, 47min, 48min, 49min, 50min, 51min, 52min, 53min, 54min, 55min, 56min, 57min, 58min, 59min, 60min, 61min).

[0161] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition does not use fluorine-containing substances.

[0162] In another aspect, the present invention provides a use of the frost-inhibiting coating composition, or the coating, or the fin in a heat exchanger of a temperature regulating device.

[0163] It can be understood that the present invention uses a frost-inhibiting coating composition with a specific ratio, does not use fluorine, and does not cause fluorine pollution. The prepared coating surface is relatively smooth, the adhesion can reach level 0, the contact angle is about 110°, the water droplet sliding angle is small (about ≤5°, ≤4°, ≤3°, ≤2°, ≤1.9°, ≤1.8°, ≤1.7°, ≤1.6°, ≤1.5°, ≤1.4°, ≤1.3°, ≤1.2°, ≤1.1°, ≤1.0°), and the frosting time can be extended by more than double, and no water bridge is generated during the defrosting process. It can achieve the purpose of energy saving and frost suppression while maintaining long-term effectiveness and strength meeting application requirements, realizing industrial-scale production and application.

[0164] The technical solution of the present invention will be better understood with reference to specific embodiments below.

[0165] Example 1

[0166] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0167] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0168] a. 0.1 g of nano-silica (particle size of about 30 nm) was mixed with 55 g of isopropanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min. 25 g of methyltrimethoxysilane, 5 g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 0.8 g of hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol / L) were added and stirred in a water bath at 70 ° C for 45 min to obtain a mixture;

[0169] b. To the mixture were added 1.8 g of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane having a hydrogen content of 1.5% to 1.6% and 0.4 g of a platinum catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 30° C. for 120 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 24 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0170] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: the anti-frost coating composition is dip-coated on the surface of the heat exchanger fin, and cured in an oven at 150° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 2 μm.

[0171] Example 2

[0172] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0173] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0174] a. 1.75 g of nano-titanium oxide (particle size of about 15 nm) was mixed with 62 g of ethyl acetate and ultrasonically dispersed for 10 min. 18 g of methyltriethoxysilane, 8 g of tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane, and 1.3 g of aqueous ammonia (0.05 mol / L) were added and stirred in a water bath at 40 ° C for 120 min to obtain a mixture;

[0175] b. To the mixture were added 1.5 g of polymethylhydrogensiloxane having a hydrogen content of 1.15% to 1.25% and 0.8 g of Custer's catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 50 ° C for 10 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 24 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0176] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: spraying the anti-frost coating composition on the surface of the heat exchanger fin and curing it in an oven at 60° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 5 μm.

[0177] Example 3

[0178] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0179] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0180] a. 1.3 g of nano-alumina (particle size of about 20 nm) was mixed with 48 g of ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. 32 g of ethyl orthosilicate, 13 g of vinyl triethoxysilane, and 0.8 g of acetic acid (0.2 mol / L) were added and stirred in a water bath at 50 ° C for 60 min to obtain a mixture;

[0181] b. To the mixture were added 6 g of polymethylhydrogensiloxane having a hydrogen content of 0.75% to 0.79% and 1.2 g of Custer's catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 60 ° C for 60 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 24 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0182] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: the anti-frost coating composition is roller-coated on the surface of the heat exchanger fin and cured in an oven at 100° C. for 15 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 7 μm.

[0183] Example 4

[0184] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0185] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0186] a. 2 g of nano-iron oxide (particle size of about 50 nm) was mixed with 40 g of n-hexane and ultrasonically dispersed for 60 min. 32 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 16 g of methylacryloylsiloxane, and 0.6 g of sodium hydroxide (0.4 mol / L) were added and stirred in a water bath at 30 ° C for 75 min to obtain a mixture;

[0187] b. To the mixture were added 3 g of polymethylhydrogensiloxane having a hydrogen content of 0.53% to 0.57% and 0.7 g of a palladium catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 30 ° C for 60 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 24 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0188] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: the anti-frost coating composition is dip-coated on the surface of the heat exchanger fin, and cured in an oven at 200° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 15 μm.

[0189] Example 5

[0190] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0191] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0192] a. 0.8 g of nano-silicon nitride (particle size of about 30 nm) was mixed with 50 g of toluene and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min. 25 g of γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 5 g of epoxypropylene siloxane, and 0.8 g of hydrochloric acid (0.5 mol / L) were added and stirred in a 70 ° C water bath for 45 min to obtain a mixture;

[0193] b. To the mixture was added 1.6 g of a polymethylhydrogensiloxane having a hydrogen content of 1.5% to 1.6% and 1 g of a platinum catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 40° C. for 110 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 48 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0194] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: spraying the anti-frost coating composition on the surface of the heat exchanger fin and curing it in an oven at 130° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 1 μm.

[0195] Example 6

[0196] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0197] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0198] a. 1.5 g of nano-magnesium oxide (particle size of about 30 nm) was mixed with 60 g of methanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min. 20 g of methyltrimethoxysilane, 6 g of amidoacrylsiloxane, and 1.8 g of hydrochloric acid (0.2 mol / L) were added and stirred in a water bath at 80 ° C for 40 min to obtain a mixture;

[0199] b. To the mixture were added 2.5 g of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane having a hydrogen content of 1.5% to 1.6% and 1 g of a platinum catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 50° C. for 100 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 48 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0200] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: spraying the anti-frost coating composition on the surface of the heat exchanger fin and curing it in an oven at 160° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 6 μm.

[0201] Example 7

[0202] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0203] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0204] a. 1 g of nano-zirconium oxide (particle size of about 30 nm) was mixed with 65 g of 1-pentanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. 15 g of methyltrimethoxysilane, 8 g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 0.8 g of hydrochloric acid (0.8 mol / L) were added and stirred in a water bath at 90 ° C for 30 min to obtain a mixture;

[0205] b. To the mixture were added 2 g of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane having a hydrogen content of 0.8% to 1.0% and 0.08 g of a platinum catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 30° C. for 120 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 18 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0206] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: the anti-frost coating composition is dip-coated on the surface of the heat exchanger fin, and cured in an oven at 150° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 15 μm.

[0207] Example 8

[0208] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0209] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0210] a. 0.5 g of nano-silicon oxide and 0.5 g of nano-titanium oxide (particle size of about 10-50 nm) were mixed with 70 g of butyl acetate and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min. 20 g of methyltrimethoxysilane, 9 g of vinyltrimethoxysilane and 1 g of methylacrylsiloxane and 0.8 g of hydrochloric acid (0.4 mol / L) were added and the mixture was stirred in a water bath at 70 ° C for 45 min to obtain a mixture;

[0211] b. To the mixture was added 1.8 g of a polymethylhydrogensiloxane having a hydrogen content of 1.0% to 1.3% and 1 g of a palladium catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 30° C. for 120 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 5 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0212] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: the anti-frost coating composition is dip-coated on the surface of the heat exchanger fin, and cured in an oven at 150° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 20 μm.

[0213] Example 9

[0214] In this example, an anti-frost coating composition and a hydrophobic and water-slip coating were prepared.

[0215] The preparation method of the frost-inhibiting coating composition is as follows:

[0216] a. 0.5 g of nano-silica (particle size of about 20 nm) was mixed with 60 g of n-propanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min. 16 g of methyltrimethoxysilane, 12 g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 0.6 g of hydrochloric acid (0.5 mol / L) were added and the mixture was stirred in a water bath at 70 ° C for 45 min to obtain a mixture;

[0217] b. To the mixture was added 1.8 g of a polymethylhydrogensiloxane having a hydrogen content of 1.5% to 1.6% and 1 g of a platinum catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 30° C. for 120 min, and finally aged at room temperature for 10 h to obtain an anti-frost coating composition.

[0218] The preparation method of the hydrophobic and water-slip coating is as follows: the anti-frost coating composition is roller-coated on the surface of the heat exchanger fin, and cured in an oven at 150° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a hydrophobic and water-slip coating with a coating thickness of 10 μm.

[0219] Comparative Example 1

[0220] The preparation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that polymethyl hydrogen siloxane with a hydrogen content of 0.17%-0.19% is used to replace the polymethyl hydrogen siloxane with a hydrogen content of 1.5%-1.6% in Example 1.

[0221] Comparative Example 2

[0222] The preparation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that methyltrimethoxysilane is not added.

[0223] Comparative Example 3

[0224] The preparation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that vinyltrimethoxysilane is not added.

[0225] Comparative Example 4

[0226] The preparation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that the amount of 25 g of methyltrimethoxysilane in Example 1 is increased to 60 g.

[0227] Comparative Example 5

[0228] The preparation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that no nano-silicon oxide is added.

[0229] Comparative Example 6

[0230] The preparation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that hydrochloric acid is not added.

[0231] Experimental testing

[0232] Contact angle test method of coating: refer to GB / T 30447-2013 to test the water contact angle of the coating.

[0233] Coating sliding angle test method: drop 10μL of water on the coating surface, slowly rotate the dynamic and static contact angle tester platform, and record the rotation angle when the water drop starts to slide.

[0234] The defrosting effect of the coating was tested by attaching the coating to a semiconductor cooling table and performing a frosting and defrosting test at room temperature with a humidity of 70-80%. When the surface was fully frosted, the power to the semiconductor cooling table was disconnected to allow defrosting to proceed. The defrosting time was recorded. When the defrosting time reached 2 minutes, a photo was taken to record the amount of water droplets remaining on the surface.

[0235] Coating adhesion test: The test method refers to GB / T 9286-2021.

[0236] After the coating is assembled into a complete machine, an anti-frost test is carried out. The test method refers to GB / T 7725-2022.

[0237] The contact angle of the coating prepared in Example 1 was tested according to the above method. Figure 1 The figure shows the contact angle test of the coating of Example 1. The results show that the water contact angle of the coating of Example 1 is 110°.

[0238] The coating prepared in Example 1 was tested for sliding angle according to the above method. 10 μL of water was dropped on the coating surface, and the platform of the dynamic and static contact angle tester was slowly rotated. When the rotation angle reached 2°, the water droplet began to slide. Figure 2 The sliding angle test diagram of the coating of Example 1 is shown. The left part is a horizontally placed water droplet, and the right part is the water droplet starting to slide when the rotation angle is 2°. Figure 2 It is proved that the sliding angle of water droplets on the surface of the coating of the present application is 2°, indicating that it has good hydrophobic and water-sliding properties, which promotes the merger, growth and rapid sliding of two adjacent condensed water droplets during the frosting process, thereby extending the frosting time; in addition, the water formed by defrosting on the surface of the air-conditioning heat exchanger can be quickly removed to maintain the stability of the defrosting performance.

[0239] The coating prepared in Example 1 was tested for defrosting effect according to the above method. Figure 3 The defrosting effect test diagram of the coating of Example 1 is shown, which shows the residual water droplets on the coating surface when the defrosting time is 2 minutes. Figure 3 This shows that the coating surface of the present application has less residual water after defrosting, which proves that the surface remains almost dry before the next frost, which is conducive to maintaining a longer frost time next time (conventional fins are hydrophilic fins, and a water film is formed on the surface after defrosting, shortening the next frost time).

[0240] After the coating of Example 1 was assembled into a complete machine, an anti-frost test was performed according to the above method. Under the standard working conditions of 2°C / 1°C, the frosting time could be extended by about 100 minutes, and the anti-frost effect was relatively good. Figure 4 The figure shows an air conditioner anti-frost test, wherein the coating of Example 1 is applied to an air conditioner as a frost-suppressing air conditioner, and an anti-frost test is performed under the same test conditions as a commercial air conditioner.

[0241] Under the same test conditions, Examples 2-9 also showed test results similar to those of Example 1.

[0242] The test performance of the products prepared in various embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1 below.

[0243] Table 1: Performance test results

[0244]

[0245]

[0246] Compared to Comparative Example 1, Example 1 utilizes a higher concentration of hydrogenated silicone oil and more polydimethylsiloxane grafted into the system, resulting in superior hydrophobic and hydroplaning properties, significantly longer frosting time, and less residual surface water during the defrosting process. Compared to Comparative Example 2, Example 1 utilizes an organosilicon precursor to construct the coating network, significantly improving adhesion to the substrate and increasing carbon-carbon double bond reaction sites, resulting in superior hydroplaning and frost suppression performance. Comparative Example 3 lacks reaction sites for the hydrogenated silicone oil, resulting in poor hydrophobic and hydroplaning properties. The coating of Comparative Example 4 also exhibits poor hydroplaning and frost suppression performance. The coating of Comparative Example 5 struggles to maintain integrity during assembly into the heat exchanger and the complete unit, and is easily damaged. The coating of Comparative Example 6 fails to form a film, making relevant testing impossible.

[0247] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0248] Industrial Applicability

[0249] The anti-frost coating composition and coating of the present invention can be widely used in heat exchanger fins of refrigerators and air conditioners, can achieve the purpose of energy saving and anti-frost, and at the same time maintain long-term effectiveness, and the strength meets the application requirements, and has industrial applicability.

Claims

1. A frost-inhibiting coating composition, characterized in that: The anti-frost coating composition comprises the following raw material components: nanoparticles, a solvent, an organic silicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, an accelerator, a hydrogenated silicone oil, and a catalyst.

2. The anti-frost coating composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The anti-frost coating composition comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

3. The anti-frost coating composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The nanoparticles include at least one of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, and zirconium oxide; and / or The solvent includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, isobutanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, and toluene.

4. The anti-frost coating composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The organosilicon precursor includes at least one of tetraethyl silicate, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; and / or The siloxane containing carbon-carbon double bonds includes at least one of vinyl trimethylsiloxane, tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane, vinyl triethoxysilane, methacryl siloxane, epoxy propylene siloxane, and amido propylene siloxane.

5. The anti-frost coating composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The accelerator comprises an acid or a base; and / or The hydrogen content of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is 0.5% to 1.6%; and / or The catalyst includes at least one of a platinum catalyst, a palladium catalyst, and a Custer catalyst.

6. A hydrophobic water-slip coating, characterized in that: The coating comprises the frost-inhibiting coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A fin, characterized in that: The fin comprises the coating of claim 6.

8. A temperature regulating device, characterized in that: The temperature regulating device comprises the fin according to claim 7.

9. A method for preparing the anti-frost coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a. mixing the nanoparticles, a solvent, an organosilicon precursor, a siloxane containing a carbon-carbon double bond, and a accelerator to obtain a mixture; b. adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil and a catalyst to the mixture to react to obtain the anti-frost coating composition.

10. Use of the frost-inhibiting coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or the coating according to claim 6, or the fin according to claim 7 in a heat exchanger of a temperature control device.

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