Full-automatic heat treatment process of spindle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of spindle processing, and discloses a spindle full-automatic heat treatment process, which comprises a spindle and comprises the following specific operation steps: 1, carrying out heat treatment on the spindle; preparing a picking spindle; the picking spindle comprises a picking spindle head, a picking spindle rod and a picking spindle gear, the picking spindle rod is connected with the picking spindle gear and the picking spindle head to form a whole, picking spindle teeth are arranged outside the picking spindle head, the picking spindle moves to the full-automatic heat treatment production line through the clamp, the clamp is arranged on the production line track, and the production line track drives the clamp to move into the heating device. The heating device is used for heating the picking spindle to 920 DEG C; the picking ingots are conveyed through a rail, the heating device, the carburizing device, the oil quenching equipment and the induction quenching device are arranged on the same rail, full automation during structure production is ensured, meanwhile, in the carburizing process, a gear is rotated, a gear sleeve is controlled to rotate, and it is ensured that the picking ingots are kept uniform during overall heating and carburizing; and defective products caused by uneven carburization are effectively avoided, and the production effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ingot picking processing, in particular to a full-automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking. Background Art

[0002] The spindle is a key component in a cotton picker, primarily used for picking cotton. It separates cotton from bolls through its own rotational and revolving motions. The spindle is typically mounted on a spindle base tube and receives its rotational power through a bevel gear transmission. During operation, the spindle undergoes both orbital and autorotational motions. The orbital motion refers to the spindle base tube rotating with the drum, while the autorotational motion is characterized by high-speed rotation within the base tube, typically at speeds of 2000 to 2500 rpm. To enhance its strength, the spindle undergoes heat treatment after production.

[0003] In existing heat treatment equipment, heating, quenching, tempering and other processes are required to improve the overall strength of the ingots. However, when the equipment is processed to different shapes in the process, the processed ingots need to be transported. Transportation will cause wear of the structure due to collision, resulting in defective products. Therefore, manual transportation results in a 3% to 5% scrap rate of damage. So far, we have proposed a fully automatic heat treatment process for ingots. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing heat treatment process for picking ingots, the present invention provides a fully automatic heat treatment process for picking ingots, which has the advantages that the picking ingots are installed inside the clamp, and the clamp drives the equipment to move, thereby reducing collisions caused by manual handling. At the same time, the clamp drives the picking ingots to rotate during the heat treatment process, thereby improving the uniformity of carburizing the picking ingots, thereby solving the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] A fully automatic heat treatment process for picking ingots includes picking ingots, and the specific operation steps are as follows; S1: Preparation of spindles; the spindles include a spindle head, a spindle rod, and a spindle gear. The spindle rod connects the spindle gear and the spindle head to form a whole. The spindle head is provided with spindle teeth on the outside. S2: The ingots are moved to the fully automatic heat treatment production line through a fixture. The fixture is set on the production line track. The production line track drives the fixture to move into the heating device. The heating device heats the ingots to 920℃. S3: placing the heated ingot inside the carburizing device; S4: The ingots after the carburizing device are transported to the inside of the oil quenching equipment through the production line track, and the ingots are quenched at the same time; S5: The quenched spindles are moved to the inside of the induction quenching device through the production line track, the spindle teeth opened on the outside of the spindle head are controlled to move to the inside of the magnetic induction heating device, and the spindle teeth are heated separately. The heat-treated spindle teeth are moved for tempering treatment, and the treated spindles are moved to the inside of the cooling device.

[0006] Preferably, the core part of the picking head is a conical structure, and picking teeth are provided on the outside. The picking teeth are spiral teeth facing the narrow end of the conical picking head. The spiral teeth and the conical picking head form a spiral bevel and a spiral groove, and the inclination angle is generally between 15° and 45°.

[0007] Preferably, the spindle picking gear is arranged at one end of the spindle picking rod, and a plurality of arc-shaped teeth are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the spindle picking gear, and the arc-shaped teeth are arranged along the axial direction of the spindle picking gear.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature inside the carburizing device is controlled at 920° C. and kept warm for 6 hours, while the clamp drives the spindle to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, the spindles need to be preheated when they are moved into the heating device, the spindles are preheated to 60°C, and the heating device is heated to 920°C at 25°C per minute.

[0010] Preferably, the heating device, carburizing device, oil quenching equipment and induction quenching device are all arranged on the production line track, and a sealing device is provided between the devices. The internal temperature of the sealing device is controlled at 100°C, and the positive and negative deviation does not exceed 10°C.

[0011] Preferably, the travel speed and temperature of the production line track are controlled by a computer or PLC system, wherein the production line track and the fixture are both made of high temperature resistant materials.

[0012] Preferably, the clamp includes a splint, gears are installed at both ends of the splint, auxiliary gears are installed at equal intervals inside the splint, rack chains are sleeved on the outside of the gears and auxiliary gears, and a driving device is installed at the lower end of the gear.

[0013] Preferably, a mounting seat is installed inside the splint and between the two sets of auxiliary gears, a gear sleeve is movably sleeved inside the mounting seat, the rack chain is sleeved on the outside of the gear sleeve, a clamping block is installed on the inner side of the gear sleeve through an elastic component, and the inner side of the clamping block clamps the picking spindle.

[0014] Preferably, the ingot picking clamp is used in a fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The ingots are transported by rail, and the heating device, carburizing device, oil quenching equipment and induction quenching device are arranged on the same rail to ensure full automation during structural production. At the same time, during the carburizing process, the gear is rotated to control the rotation of the gear sleeve to ensure that the overall heating and carburizing of the ingots are uniform, effectively avoiding the occurrence of defective products caused by uneven carburizing and improving production efficiency. At the same time, the ingots are installed inside the splint fixture, and the transportation and heat treatment of the ingots are guided by rail to reduce manual handling, effectively avoiding the wear of the ingots due to touch during processing and transportation, and further reducing the occurrence of defective products during the heat treatment of the ingots. In the ingot production process, computers or PLC systems are used to control the equipment to ensure that the track travel speed remains stable and accurate. At the same time, the internal temperature of the equipment is controlled by computers or PLC systems, that is, when temperature abnormalities occur during the heating or carburizing process of the ingots, the temperature can be adjusted in time to improve the efficiency of the ingots and reduce the number of defective products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the clamping state of the clamp of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fixture structure of the present invention.

[0017] Description of reference numerals: 101. Clamp; 102. Gear; 103. Auxiliary gear; 104. Rack chain; 105. Mounting seat; 106. Gear sleeve; 107. Elastic component; 108. Clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 A fully automatic heat treatment process for picking ingots includes picking ingots, and the specific operation steps are as follows: S1: Preparation of the picking spindle; the picking spindle includes a picking spindle head, a picking spindle rod and a picking spindle gear, the picking spindle rod connects the picking spindle gear and the picking spindle head to form a whole, and the outside of the picking spindle head is provided with picking spindle teeth; by designing the picking spindle structure into a picking spindle head, a picking spindle rod and a picking spindle gear as a whole, after overall heat treatment, the problem resistance between structures is improved, and it is avoided that the candidate individual components are heat treated and then spliced ​​again, resulting in different stability between structures.

[0020] S2: The ingots are moved to the fully automatic heat treatment production line through a fixture. The fixture is set on the production line track. The production line track drives the fixture to move to the inside of the heating device. The heating device heats the ingots to 920℃; the heating device drives the ingots to be heated to ensure improved efficiency during subsequent carburizing.

[0021] The heating device can be high-frequency current induction heating, which generates eddy currents on the surface of the workpiece through a high-frequency electromagnetic field to achieve rapid heating.

[0022] S3: The heated ingot is placed inside the carburizing device; by infiltrating carbon atoms into the surface of the workpiece, a high-carbon tempered martensite structure is formed after quenching, and the surface hardness can reach HRC58-64, which significantly improves wear resistance.

[0023] In the martensite formed by quenching high-carbon steel, supersaturated carbon atoms are concentrated near dislocation lines. The higher the carbon content, the denser the nanohardened layer formed during friction, which inhibits wear. Tempering promotes the precipitation of ε-FexC carbides, forming a coherent dual-phase structure (tempered martensite) with the matrix, enhancing wear resistance. The ingots carburized in step S3 are subjected to multiple low-temperature tempering cycles at temperatures between 150°C and 200°C to reduce the retained austenite content and further improve wear resistance.

[0024] S4: The ingots after the carburizing device are transported to the interior of the oil quenching equipment through the production line track, and the ingots are quenched at the same time; quenching improves the hardness, wear resistance and rigidity of the steel, which is particularly suitable for parts that require high wear resistance, such as tools and bearings.

[0025] S5: The quenched spindles are moved to the inside of the induction quenching device through the production line track, the spindle teeth opened on the outside of the spindle head are controlled to move to the inside of the magnetic induction heating device, and the spindle teeth are heated separately. The heat-treated spindle teeth are moved for tempering treatment, and the treated spindles are moved to the inside of the cooling device.

[0026] The core part of the picking spindle is a conical structure with picking teeth on the outside. The picking teeth are spiral teeth facing the narrow end of the conical picking spindle. The spiral teeth and the conical picking spindle form a spiral slope and a spiral groove. The inclination angle is generally between 15° and 45°. This design can effectively improve the cotton picking rate. In addition, during the transmission process, there are many teeth bearing force, which can adapt to large loads, the single tooth has high force strength, and the operation is stable and the noise is low.

[0027] The spindle picking gear is arranged at one end of the spindle picking rod. A number of arc-shaped teeth are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the spindle picking gear. The arc-shaped teeth are arranged along the axial direction of the spindle picking gear. By arranging the arc-shaped teeth along the axial direction of the spindle picking gear, the meshing area between the teeth is increased, thereby ensuring the stability of the force in the process of driving the spindle picking to rotate.

[0028] The internal temperature of the carburizing device is controlled at 920℃ and kept warm for 6 hours. At the same time, the clamp drives the ingot to rotate. The internal temperature of the carburizing device is controlled at 920℃ and kept warm for 6 hours to improve the carburizing efficiency. At the same time, intelligent temperature control is adopted in the fully automatic production equipment to avoid insufficient carburizing due to temperature changes during ingot carburizing, thereby improving the carburizing effect of the equipment.

[0029] The ingot needs to be preheated when it moves into the heating device. The ingot is preheated to 60°C, and the heating device heats it to 920°C at 25°C per minute. When the ingot is heat treated, it is preheated in advance to effectively avoid direct heating of the metal parts, which will cause excessive temperature differences and damage and deformation of the structure. At the same time, the ingot is heated at a uniform speed to avoid excessive changes in acceleration speed, which will cause changes in the internal stress of the ingot.

[0030] The heating device, carburizing device, oil quenching equipment and induction quenching device are all arranged on the production line track, and a sealing device is installed between the devices. The internal temperature of the sealing device is controlled at 100°C, and the positive and negative deviation does not exceed 10°C. By installing a protective cover between the devices and heating the inside of the protective cover, during the ingot picking process and transportation, the temperature change caused by transportation is avoided, thereby causing the structural temperature to change, thereby affecting the ingot picking heat treatment effect.

[0031] The travel speed and temperature of the production line track are controlled by a computer or PLC system. The production line track and fixtures are made of high-temperature resistant materials. During the production process, a computer or PLC system is used to control the travel speed and stability of the equipment to improve the stability of the structural preparation. At the same time, the production line track and fixtures are made of high-temperature resistant materials to avoid damage to the fixtures due to high temperatures when the fixtures clamp the materials and perform heat treatment.

[0032] The clamp includes a splint 101, with gears 102 installed at both ends of the splint 101, and auxiliary gears 103 installed at equal intervals inside the splint 101. The outer parts of the gears 102 and the auxiliary gears 103 are sleeved with rack chains 104, and the lower end of the gear 102 is installed with a driving device. By rotating the gear 102, under the auxiliary action of the rack chain 104, the rack chain 104 is ensured to drive the gear sleeve 106 to rotate synchronously, and the auxiliary gear 103 limits the activity trajectory of the rack chain 104, thereby increasing the wrap angle between the rack chain 104 and the gear sleeve 106 and improving the rotation efficiency of the rack chain 104.

[0033] A mounting base 105 is installed inside the splint 101 and between the two sets of auxiliary gears 103. A gear sleeve 106 is movably sleeved inside the mounting base 105. The rack chain 104 is sleeved on the outside of the gear sleeve 106. A clamping block 108 is installed on the inner side of the gear sleeve 106 through an elastic component 107. The inner side of the clamping block 108 clamps a picking spindle, which is installed inside the mounting base 105 through the gear sleeve 106. After the picking spindle is placed inside the gear sleeve 106, the clamping block 108 improves the stability of the picking spindle during positioning under the elastic action of the elastic component 107.

[0034] Example: The spindle rod is connected to the spindle gear and the spindle head to form a whole. The spindle is preheated to 60℃. At the same time, the spindle is placed inside the clamping block 108. The elastic component 107 applies pressure to the clamping block 108 to ensure that the spindle is stable when positioned. At the same time, the clamping plate 101 is placed on the track. The track drives the clamping plate 101 to move. When the clamping plate 101 moves to the inside of the heating device, it is heated to 920℃ at 25℃ per minute. At the same time, the heated spindle is moved to the carburizing device. The carburizing time is controlled at 6 hours to improve Carburizing effect, and during the carburizing process, the gear 102 rotates, and with the assistance of the auxiliary gear 103, it drives the picking spindle to rotate, ensuring the temperature uniformity during carburizing, and at the same time the carburized picking spindle is moved to the inside of the oil quenching equipment, and the oil temperature is controlled at 160 ° C. After the oil quenching is completed, it is transferred to the inside of the induction quenching device, and the electromagnetic induction quenching method is used to heat and quench the picking spindle head again to improve the strength of the picking spindle head. After the quenching is completed, it is transferred to the inside of the cooling device to ensure that the picking spindle is cooled and formed. The production process ends here.

[0035] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking, comprising ingot picking, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows; S1: Preparation of spindles; the spindles include a spindle head, a spindle rod, and a spindle gear. The spindle rod connects the spindle gear and the spindle head to form a whole. The spindle head is provided with spindle teeth on the outside. S2: The ingots are moved to the fully automatic heat treatment production line through a fixture. The fixture is set on the production line track. The production line track drives the fixture to move into the heating device. The heating device heats the ingots to 920℃. S3: placing the heated ingot inside the carburizing device; S4: The ingots after the carburizing device are transported to the inside of the oil quenching equipment through the production line track, and the ingots are quenched at the same time; S5: The quenched spindles are moved to the inside of the induction quenching device through the production line track, the spindle teeth opened on the outside of the spindle head are controlled to move to the inside of the magnetic induction heating device, and the spindle teeth are heated separately. The heat-treated spindle teeth are moved for tempering treatment, and the treated spindles are moved to the inside of the cooling device.

2. The fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core part of the picking head is a conical structure with picking teeth on the outside. The picking teeth are spiral teeth facing the narrow end of the conical picking head. The spiral teeth and the conical picking head form a spiral bevel and spiral groove, and the inclination angle is generally between 15° and 45°.

3. The fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle picking gear is arranged at one end of the spindle picking rod. A plurality of arc-shaped teeth are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the spindle picking gear, and the arc-shaped teeth are arranged along the axial direction of the spindle picking gear.

4. The fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal temperature of the carburizing device is controlled at 920℃ and kept warm for 6 hours. At the same time, the clamp drives the ingot to rotate.

5. The fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindles need to be preheated when they move into the heating device. The spindles are preheated to 60°C, and the heating device heats them to 920°C at 25°C per minute.

6. The fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device, carburizing device, oil quenching equipment and induction quenching device are all arranged on the production line track, and a sealing device is provided between the devices. The internal temperature of the sealing device is controlled at 100°C, and the positive and negative deviation does not exceed 10°C.

7. The fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The travel speed and temperature of the production line track are controlled by a computer or PLC system, and the production line track and fixtures are made of high-temperature resistant materials.

8. A clamp for picking ingots, characterized by: The clamp comprises a clamping plate (101), gears (102) are installed at both ends of the clamping plate (101), auxiliary gears (103) are installed at equal intervals inside the clamping plate (101), a rack chain (104) is sleeved on the outside of the gear (102) and the auxiliary gear (103), and a driving device is installed at the lower end of the gear (102).

9. The ingot picking clamp according to claim 8, characterized in that: A mounting seat (105) is installed inside the splint (101) and between the two sets of auxiliary gears (103). A gear sleeve (106) is movably sleeved inside the mounting seat (105). The rack chain (104) is sleeved on the outside of the gear sleeve (106). A clamping block (108) is installed on the inner side of the gear sleeve (106) via an elastic component (107). The inner side of the clamping block (108) clamps the picking spindle.

10. The ingot picking clamp according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ingot picking fixture is used in the fully automatic heat treatment process for ingot picking described in claim 1.

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