A moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to a moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable, comprising a moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer; the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer is composed of a matrix resin and a core-shell type moisture-sensitive color-developing agent; the core-shell type moisture-sensitive color-developing agent is composed of crystal violet lactone microcapsules and a polyionic liquid coating the outer layer of the crystal violet lactone microcapsules. The moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer can effectively prevent power grid failures caused by internal water ingress after the cable is laid and the cable joint is sealed, and also improves the fire resistance of the cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to a moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the damp and dark environment in mines, water vapor can easily seep in when laying cables. If workers fail to notice this and simply seal the cable joints, it can lead to subsequent power grid malfunctions. Once a mine power grid malfunctions, it not only creates safety hazards but also requires a lot of manpower and resources to troubleshoot and replace cables, which greatly affects production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable.

[0004] The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] A moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable includes a moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer;

[0006] The humidity-sensitive color-developing functional layer is composed of a matrix resin and a core-shell type humidity-sensitive color-developing agent;

[0007] The core-shell type humidity-sensitive colorimetric agent consists of crystal violet lactone microcapsules and a polyionic liquid coating the outer layer of the crystal violet lactone microcapsules.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the crystal violet lactone microcapsules is as follows:

[0009] Crystal violet lactone was mixed with hexadecyl alcohol, heated to melt, and then mixed with gum arabic. The mixture was dispersed by high-speed shearing to obtain the core material. Urea and formaldehyde were heated to dissolve, and the pH was adjusted to 7-8 with triethanolamine. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 70-75°C to obtain the wall material prepolymer. The wall material prepolymer was added to the core material, and the pH was adjusted to 2-3 with acetic acid to continue the reaction to obtain crystal violet lactone microcapsules.

[0010] Furthermore, the polyionic liquid is obtained by free radical polymerization of vinylimidazolium-based ionic liquids.

[0011] Furthermore, the anion of the vinylimidazole ionic liquid is hydrogen sulfate, hydrogen phosphate, or dihydrogen phosphate.

[0012] Further, the vinylimidazolium ionic liquid is 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen phosphate, or 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the core-shell type humidity-sensitive colorimetric reagent is as follows:

[0014] Crystal violet lactone microcapsules were added to tetrahydrofuran, followed by vinylimidazolium ionic liquid and free radical initiator. The mixture was reacted at 40-60°C for 12-36 hours, then cooled to room temperature and filtered. The resulting solid was washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried.

[0015] Furthermore, the matrix resin is a polyimide resin.

[0016] Furthermore, the humidity-sensitive color-developing functional layer is wrapped around the conductor.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a rubber insulation layer and a metal shielding layer.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a chlorinated polyethylene rubber outer sheath.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] This invention provides a moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable, addressing the issue of moisture penetration during cable laying in the damp and dark environment of mines. The invention incorporates a moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer within the cable. When moisture penetrates this layer, the anionic units of the polyionic liquid undergo hydrolysis, releasing H+. + The crystal violet lactone enters the microcapsule and reacts with crystal violet lactone. The lactone undergoes ring-opening to form a quinone structure, resulting in a color change. This process is rapid and visually detectable, effectively preventing moisture infiltration during cable laying from going unnoticed by workers. Existing research has found that ionic liquids can lower the activation energy of the crystal violet lactone ring-opening reaction, allowing the color development process to be triggered at a lower temperature. To avoid interference caused by heat-induced color development, this invention isolates the crystal violet lactone from the polyionic liquid through a microcapsule structure, thereby achieving precise moisture-sensitive color development. Furthermore, the acidic groups in the ionic liquid can catalyze the polymer to crosslink into carbon, forming a dense and continuous carbon layer, improving the cable's fire resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moisture-sensitive color-developing medium-voltage mining cable of the present invention. The numbers in the diagram represent:

[0022] 1-Conductor, 2-Humidity-sensitive colorimetric functional layer, 3-Rubber insulation layer, 4-Metallic shielding layer, 5-Chlorinated polyethylene rubber outer sheath;

[0023] Figure 2 The image shows the microstructure of the core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric reagent prepared in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Unless otherwise specified in the examples, the conditions were performed under standard conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products. Techniques not mentioned in this invention refer to existing technologies. Unless otherwise specified, the following examples and comparative examples are parallel experiments, using the same processing steps and parameters.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] A moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable is composed of a conductor 1, a moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer 2, a rubber insulation layer 3, a metal shielding layer 4, and a chlorinated polyethylene rubber outer sheath 5.

[0027] Among them, the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer 2 is composed of polyimide resin and core-shell type moisture-sensitive color-developing agent;

[0028] The core-shell type humidity-sensitive colorimetric reagent consists of crystal violet lactone microcapsules and a polyionic liquid coating the outer layer of the crystal violet lactone microcapsules.

[0029] The preparation method of the humidity-sensitive colorimetric functional layer is as follows:

[0030] Crystal violet lactone and hexadecyl alcohol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:50 and heated to melt to obtain a mixture. This mixture was then mixed with gum arabic at a mass ratio of 10:1 and dispersed under high-speed shear at 16000 r / min for 30 min in a 65°C water bath to obtain the core material. Urea and formaldehyde at a mass ratio of 1:2.2 were dissolved in a 45°C water bath and the pH was adjusted to 7-8 with triethanolamine. The mixture was then stirred at a constant temperature of 70-75°C for 60 min to obtain the wall material prepolymer. The core material was then added dropwise with an equal mass of the wall material prepolymer while the core material was stirred in a 35°C water bath. After the addition was complete, the pH was adjusted to 2-3 with acetic acid in a 65°C water bath, and the reaction continued for 1 h. The mixture was then dried using a spray dryer to obtain crystal violet lactone microcapsules. The crystal violet lactone microcapsules were then added to a four-layer... In tetrahydrofuran, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and the free radical initiator AIBN are added. The mass ratio of crystal violet lactone microcapsules, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, AIBN and tetrahydrofuran is 1:0.1:0.001:10. The mixture is then reacted at 50°C for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is filtered. The resulting solid is washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried to obtain a core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent. Soluble polyimide resin is dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone and then the core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent is added. The mass ratio of soluble polyimide resin, core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent and N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:0.1:10. After thorough mixing, the mixture is cast onto a glass plate to form a film. The solvent is then evaporated on a hot plate at 100°C to obtain the moisture-sensitive colorimetric functional layer. Water was sprayed onto the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer using a spray bottle. The color-developing functional layer changed from pale yellow to blue-purple by visual inspection, with a development time of 6 seconds.

[0031] Specific production examples of moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cables:

[0032] Conductor 1 is obtained by first stranding and second re-stretching of 925 / 0.485 tin-plated soft round copper single wire. The stranding direction is right-handed with a stranding pitch ratio of 28-30. The re-stretching direction is left-handed with a stranding pitch ratio of 12-14. The outer diameter of the conductor is controlled at 18.5±0.3mm. A moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer 2 is wrapped around conductor 1. The strip width is 30mm and the thickness is 0.14mm. The wrapping direction is right-handed with a wrapping overlap rate of 15-20%. A 5.5mm thick rubber insulation layer 3 is extruded onto the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer 2. The material is EPDM rubber. A metal shielding layer 4 is further braided onto the rubber insulation layer 3 to obtain the wire core. The braiding shielding process uses a mixture of tin-plated copper wire and polyester wire. There are 18 braiding spindles, with 12 wires per spindle. The diameter of the single wire is 0.3mm, the braiding pitch is 145-155mm, and the braiding coverage reaches 80%. The wire cores are then twisted right-hand into a cable core according to a 0+3 structure, with a cable section diameter ratio of 10-12. Finally, a 5.5mm chlorinated polyethylene rubber outer sheath is extruded onto the cable core to form the final product.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium phosphate is used instead of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate.

[0035] The preparation method of the humidity-sensitive colorimetric functional layer is as follows:

[0036] Crystal violet lactone and hexadecyl alcohol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:50 and heated to melt to obtain a mixture. This mixture was then mixed with gum arabic at a mass ratio of 10:1 and dispersed under high-speed shear at 16000 r / min for 30 min in a 65°C water bath to obtain the core material. Urea and formaldehyde at a mass ratio of 1:2.2 were dissolved in a 45°C water bath and the pH was adjusted to 7-8 with triethanolamine. The mixture was then stirred at a constant temperature of 70-75°C for 60 min to obtain the wall material prepolymer. The core material was then added dropwise with an equal mass of the wall material prepolymer while the core material was stirred in a 35°C water bath. After the addition was complete, the pH was adjusted to 2-3 with acetic acid in a 65°C water bath, and the reaction continued for 1 h. The mixture was then dried using a spray dryer to obtain crystal violet lactone microcapsules. The crystal violet lactone microcapsules were then added to a four-layer... In tetrahydrofuran, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and the free radical initiator AIBN are added. The mass ratio of crystal violet lactone microcapsules, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium dihydrogen phosphate, AIBN and tetrahydrofuran is 1:0.1:0.001:10. The mixture is then reacted at 50°C for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is filtered. The resulting solid is washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried to obtain a core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent. Soluble polyimide resin is dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone and then the core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent is added. The mass ratio of soluble polyimide resin, core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent and N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:0.1:10. After thorough mixing, the mixture is cast onto a glass plate to form a film. The solvent is then evaporated on a hot plate at 100°C to obtain the moisture-sensitive colorimetric functional layer. Water was sprayed onto the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer using a spray bottle. The color-developing functional layer changed from pale yellow to blue-purple by visual inspection, with a development time of 4 seconds.

[0037] Example 3:

[0038] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen phosphate is used instead of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate.

[0039] The preparation method of the humidity-sensitive colorimetric functional layer is as follows:

[0040] Crystal violet lactone and hexadecyl alcohol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:50 and heated to melt to obtain a mixture. This mixture was then mixed with gum arabic at a mass ratio of 10:1 and dispersed under high-speed shear at 16000 r / min for 30 min in a 65°C water bath to obtain the core material. Urea and formaldehyde at a mass ratio of 1:2.2 were dissolved in a 45°C water bath and the pH was adjusted to 7-8 with triethanolamine. The mixture was then stirred at a constant temperature of 70-75°C for 60 min to obtain the wall material prepolymer. The core material was then added dropwise with an equal mass of the wall material prepolymer while the core material was stirred in a 35°C water bath. After the addition was complete, the pH was adjusted to 2-3 with acetic acid in a 65°C water bath, and the reaction continued for 1 h. The mixture was then dried using a spray dryer to obtain crystal violet lactone microcapsules. The crystal violet lactone microcapsules were then added to a four-layer... In tetrahydrofuran, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and the free radical initiator AIBN are added. The mass ratio of crystal violet lactone microcapsules, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen phosphate, AIBN and tetrahydrofuran is 1:0.1:0.001:10. The mixture is then reacted at 50°C for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is filtered. The resulting solid is washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried to obtain a core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent. Soluble polyimide resin is dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone and then the core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent is added. The mass ratio of soluble polyimide resin, core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent and N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:0.1:10. After thorough mixing, the mixture is cast onto a glass plate to form a film. The solvent is then evaporated on a hot plate at 100°C to obtain the moisture-sensitive colorimetric functional layer. Water was sprayed onto the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer using a spray bottle. The color-developing functional layer changed from pale yellow to blue-purple by visual inspection, with a development time of 6 seconds.

[0041] Example 4:

[0042] The experiment was essentially the same as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of crystal violet lactone microcapsules to 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate was changed to 1:0.2.

[0043] The preparation method of the humidity-sensitive colorimetric functional layer is as follows:

[0044] Crystal violet lactone and hexadecyl alcohol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:50 and heated to melt to obtain a mixture. This mixture was then mixed with gum arabic at a mass ratio of 10:1 and dispersed under high-speed shear at 16000 r / min for 30 min in a 65°C water bath to obtain the core material. Urea and formaldehyde at a mass ratio of 1:2.2 were dissolved in a 45°C water bath and the pH was adjusted to 7-8 with triethanolamine. The mixture was then stirred at a constant temperature of 70-75°C for 60 min to obtain the wall material prepolymer. The core material was then added dropwise with an equal mass of the wall material prepolymer while the core material was stirred in a 35°C water bath. After the addition was complete, the pH was adjusted to 2-3 with acetic acid in a 65°C water bath, and the reaction continued for 1 h. The mixture was then dried using a spray dryer to obtain crystal violet lactone microcapsules. The crystal violet lactone microcapsules were then added to a four-layer... In tetrahydrofuran, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and the free radical initiator AIBN are added. The mass ratio of crystal violet lactone microcapsules, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, AIBN and tetrahydrofuran is 1:0.2:0.001:10. The mixture is then reacted at 50°C for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is filtered. The resulting solid is washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried to obtain a core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent. Soluble polyimide resin is dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone and then the core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent is added. The mass ratio of soluble polyimide resin, core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent and N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:0.1:10. After thorough mixing, the mixture is cast onto a glass plate to form a film. The glass plate is then heated to 100°C to evaporate the solvent, thus obtaining the moisture-sensitive colorimetric functional layer. Spray water onto the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer with a spray bottle, and observe visually that the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer changes from pale yellow to blue-purple, with a color development time of 5 seconds.

[0045] Example 5:

[0046] The experiment was essentially the same as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of crystal violet lactone microcapsules to 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate was changed to 1:0.3.

[0047] The preparation method of the humidity-sensitive colorimetric functional layer is as follows:

[0048] Crystal violet lactone and hexadecyl alcohol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:50 and heated to melt to obtain a mixture. This mixture was then mixed with gum arabic at a mass ratio of 10:1 and dispersed under high-speed shear at 16000 r / min for 30 min in a 65°C water bath to obtain the core material. Urea and formaldehyde at a mass ratio of 1:2.2 were dissolved in a 45°C water bath and the pH was adjusted to 7-8 with triethanolamine. The mixture was then stirred at a constant temperature of 70-75°C for 60 min to obtain the wall material prepolymer. The core material was then added dropwise with an equal mass of the wall material prepolymer while the core material was stirred in a 35°C water bath. After the addition was complete, the pH was adjusted to 2-3 with acetic acid in a 65°C water bath, and the reaction continued for 1 h. The mixture was then dried using a spray dryer to obtain crystal violet lactone microcapsules. The crystal violet lactone microcapsules were then added to a four-layer... In tetrahydrofuran, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and the free radical initiator AIBN are added. The mass ratio of crystal violet lactone microcapsules, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, AIBN and tetrahydrofuran is 1:0.3:0.001:10. The mixture is then reacted at 50°C for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is filtered. The resulting solid is washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried to obtain a core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent. Soluble polyimide resin is dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone and then the core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent is added. The mass ratio of soluble polyimide resin, core-shell type moisture-sensitive colorimetric agent and N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:0.1:10. After thorough mixing, the mixture is cast onto a glass plate to form a film. The glass plate is then heated to 100°C to evaporate the solvent, thus obtaining the moisture-sensitive colorimetric functional layer. Spray water onto the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer with a spray bottle, and observe visually that the moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer changes from pale yellow to blue-purple, with a color development time of 5 seconds.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable, characterized in that, Including a moisture-sensitive color-developing functional layer; The humidity-sensitive color-developing functional layer is composed of a matrix resin and a core-shell type humidity-sensitive color-developing agent; The core-shell type humidity-sensitive colorimetric agent is composed of crystal violet lactone microcapsules and a polyionic liquid coating the outer layer of the crystal violet lactone microcapsules. The polyionic liquid is obtained by free radical polymerization of vinylimidazolium-based ionic liquids.

2. The moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crystal violet lactone microcapsules are prepared as follows: Crystal violet lactone was mixed with hexadecyl alcohol, heated to melt, and then mixed with gum arabic. The mixture was dispersed by high-speed shearing to obtain the core material. Urea and formaldehyde were heated to dissolve, and the pH was adjusted to 7-8 with triethanolamine. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 70-75°C to obtain the wall material prepolymer. The wall material prepolymer was added to the core material, and the pH was adjusted to 2-3 with acetic acid to continue the reaction to obtain crystal violet lactone microcapsules.

3. The moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anions of the vinylimidazolium-based ionic liquids are hydrogen sulfate, hydrogen phosphate, or dihydrogen phosphate.

4. The moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The vinylimidazolium ionic liquid is 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hydrogen phosphate, or 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium dihydrogen phosphate.

5. The moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The preparation method of the core-shell type humidity-sensitive colorimetric reagent is as follows: Crystal violet lactone microcapsules were added to tetrahydrofuran, followed by vinylimidazolium ionic liquid and free radical initiator. The mixture was reacted at 40-60°C for 12-36 hours, then cooled to room temperature and filtered. The resulting solid was washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried.

6. The moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The matrix resin is a polyimide resin.

7. The moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The humidity-sensitive colorimetric functional layer is wrapped around the conductor.

8. The moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a rubber insulation layer and a metal shielding layer.

9. The moisture-sensitive color-developing mining cable as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a chlorinated polyethylene rubber outer sheath.

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