Silent composite board for new energy vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a mute composite board for a new energy vehicle, the mute composite board is used for forming a structural component of the new energy vehicle, and the mute composite board comprises a first base material layer, a viscoelastic damping layer and a second base material layer which are stacked in sequence; the viscoelastic damping layer does not contain a conductive substance; when the viscoelastic damping layer is in the temperature range of 0-80 DEG C, the damping loss factor is larger than or equal to 0.1, the damping peak value is larger than 0.2, and the attenuation of the damping loss factor and the bonding strength of the mute composite board does not exceed 10%-20% of the initial value within 10 years. The mute composite board for the new energy vehicle has excellent damping performance, bonding strength and durability, noise of the new energy vehicle can be effectively reduced, riding comfort is improved, and the technical bottleneck that performance of different temperature regions cannot be considered at the same time through traditional materials is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite materials for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a silent composite panel for new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, requirements for vehicle lightweighting, quietness, and safety are constantly increasing. In new energy vehicles, lacking the noise masking of traditional internal combustion engines, structural vibration and noise during driving become more prominent, placing higher demands on the vibration and noise reduction performance of vehicle structural components.

[0003] At present, the common silent composite panels on the market mainly adopt a multi-layer structure design, usually including a base material layer and a damping layer. For example, CN106696381B discloses a raised damping vibration reduction silent floor, which includes a car body base plate, a viscoelastic damping layer I, a raised layer, a viscoelastic damping layer II, and a constrained layer arranged in sequence. The introduction of the raised layer changes the traditional constrained damping structure, expands the deformation of the damping layer, and improves the damping performance. CN203475628U discloses an anti-static damping sound insulation board, which is formed by gluing together a three-layer structure, including an outer anti-static layer, a middle damping layer, and an inner base material layer. This structure achieves efficient sound insulation and anti-static capabilities by introducing a high-performance new polymer damping material and combining it with an anti-static material to form a constrained damping structure.

[0004] In terms of damping materials, CN1321809C discloses a high-damping, wide-temperature-range composite damping rubber plate, which is made of a damping layer plate, a viscoelastic layer and a restraining layer plate, wherein the damping layer plate is composed of asphalt and inorganic fillers, the viscoelastic layer is composed of various viscoelastic materials such as polyvinyl acetate, and the restraining layer plate is composed of rubber, inorganic fillers, rubber vulcanizer, additives and resin. CN111746066A discloses a vibration damping plate suitable for a wider frequency band, comprising an upper substrate and a lower substrate, between which a damping layer is provided, which is formed by alternately laminating multiple layers of metal foil and multiple layers of polymer damping adhesive. In addition, CN115782328A discloses a damping composite plate, comprising a damping layer and a restraining layer located on both sides of the damping layer, wherein the damping layer comprises alternately laminated rubber layers and resin layers [5].

[0005] However, the existing silent composite panels have the following problems: 1. Existing silent composite panel designs are mostly based on the unified considerations of traditional vehicle structures and lack targeted designs for the various components of new energy vehicles. The operating environments of the structural components of new energy vehicles are complex and varied. Some components need to operate at room temperature, while others require high-temperature environments. Existing silent composite panels cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of these different working conditions.

[0006] 2. Existing viscoelastic damping layers typically lack the flexibility to adjust to the temperature requirements of different components. Under high-temperature conditions, commonly used viscoelastic materials may lose their effectiveness due to thermal decay, impacting the vehicle's overall quietness and durability. Conversely, using high-temperature-designed materials at room temperature can increase material weight and reduce sound insulation effectiveness.

[0007] 3. During long-term use, the damping performance and bonding strength of the silent composite panels in the existing technology tend to significantly decay over time, making it difficult to ensure long-term stable vibration reduction and noise reduction effects. This is a significant defect for new energy vehicles with a long service life.

[0008] 4. Some existing silent composite panels contain conductive materials, which may cause electrical safety issues in certain parts of new energy vehicles, especially in applications near high-voltage battery systems.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a silent composite panel that can be tailored to the working environment characteristics of different structural components of new energy vehicles, has good damping performance and long-term stability, and does not contain conductive materials, so as to meet the special needs of new energy vehicles for vibration reduction and noise reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In response to the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a silent composite panel for new energy vehicles, comprising a first substrate, a viscoelastic damping layer and a second substrate stacked in sequence to form a stable three-layer structure. Whether used in normal temperature components of the vehicle body or high-temperature components around the engine, the composite panel exhibits excellent noise reduction capabilities. By precisely adjusting the composition of the viscoelastic damping layer, it ensures the optimal silent effect under different temperature conditions, solving the technical bottleneck that traditional materials are difficult to simultaneously take into account the performance of different temperature zones.

[0011] The present invention provides a silent composite panel for new energy vehicles, the silent composite panel being used to form a structural component of the new energy vehicle. The silent composite panel comprises a first substrate layer, a viscoelastic damping layer, and a second substrate layer stacked in sequence; the viscoelastic damping layer does not contain a conductive material; The viscoelastic damping layer has a damping loss factor of ≥0.1 and a damping peak value of >0.2 in the temperature range of 0-80°C. Within 10 years, the damping loss factor and bonding strength of the silent composite panel will not decrease by more than 10%-20% of the initial value. The viscoelastic damping layer includes the following raw materials in mass fraction: 35wt.% to 40wt.% acrylate monomer, 0.5wt.% to 1wt.% initiator, 1wt.% adhesion promoter, and the balance is solvent, and / or, when the structural component is a high-temperature structural component, the viscoelastic damping layer includes the following raw materials in mass fraction: 20wt.% to 25wt.% functionalized synthetic rubber, 5wt.% to 10wt.% thermosetting resin, 1wt.% to 2wt.% additive, and the balance is solvent.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the structural component is a normal temperature structural component, the viscoelastic damping layer has a damping loss factor greater than 0.1 and a damping peak value greater than 0.2 in the temperature range of 0~60°C, the peel strength of the silent composite panel is greater than 3N / mm, the shear strength is greater than 2MPa, and it can withstand baking at 180°C for 1 hour, and the bonding strength attenuation of the silent composite panel does not exceed 20% of the initial value; the viscoelastic damping layer includes the following raw materials in mass fraction: 35wt.%~40wt.% acrylate monomer, 0.5wt.%~1wt.% initiator, 1wt.% adhesion promoter, and the balance is solvent.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the glass transition temperature Tg of the viscoelastic damping layer is 15°C.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the structural component is a high-temperature structural component, the viscoelastic damping layer has a damping loss factor greater than 0.1 and a damping peak greater than 0.2 in the temperature range of 30~80°C, the peel strength of the silent composite panel is greater than 5N / mm, the shear strength is greater than 3MPa, and it can withstand baking at 180°C for 1 hour, and the bonding strength attenuation of the silent composite panel does not exceed 20% of the initial value; the viscoelastic damping layer includes the following raw materials in mass fraction: 20wt.%~25wt.% functionalized synthetic rubber, 5wt.%~10wt.% thermosetting resin, 1wt.%~2wt.% additive, and the balance is solvent.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the glass transition temperature of the viscoelastic damping layer is 40°C.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the viscoelastic damping layer is 0.03 mm.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first substrate and the second substrate are made of the same material, both being steel plates or aluminum alloy plates.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, a corrosion-resistant coating is provided on a side of the first substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin and a side of the second substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping layer.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the corrosion-resistant coating is a zinc coating, a zinc-aluminum-magnesium coating, or an aluminum coating.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first substrate layer is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the viscoelastic damping layer is 0.03 mm, the thickness of the second substrate layer is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 6-7 μm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The sound-absorbing composite panel provided by this invention comprises a first substrate, a viscoelastic damping layer, and a second substrate, stacked in sequence to form a stable three-layer structure. Whether used in ambient-temperature vehicle body components or high-temperature components around the engine, the composite panel exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities. Compared to existing technologies, precise adjustment of the viscoelastic damping layer's composition ensures optimal noise reduction across various temperature conditions, addressing the issue of traditional sound-absorbing materials failing due to thermal decay at high temperatures.

[0022] 2. In the silent composite panel provided by the present invention, the thickness of the viscoelastic damping layer is only 0.03 mm. This design not only excels in effectively reducing weight, but also ensures that the damping performance is not sacrificed while reducing the overall mass of the vehicle, thereby providing support for improving the vehicle's energy efficiency. Compared with the traditional damping layer design with thicker thickness, the present invention significantly reduces the material weight while maintaining the same damping effect.

[0023] 3. In the silent composite panel provided by the present invention, the viscoelastic damping layer is not filled with conductive particles, which gives the silent composite panel excellent insulation properties, further improving its safety and applicability in applications near electronic control systems, and also meeting the demand for high-grade insulation materials in new energy vehicles, avoiding the interference that traditional damping materials containing conductive substances may cause to the electrical system.

[0024] 4. In the silent composite panel provided by the present invention, a coating, such as a galvanized layer, a galvanized aluminum-magnesium layer or an aluminum coating, can be provided on the first substrate and the second substrate to enhance its corrosion resistance, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the composite panel in harsh environments, extending its service life, and reducing the need for subsequent maintenance. Compared with untreated substrates, the corrosion-resistant coating design of the present invention significantly improves the durability of the product.

[0025] 5. The silent composite panels provided by this invention feature an adjustable viscoelastic damping layer formulation to meet the dual performance requirements of high and room temperatures. This overcomes the technical bottleneck of traditional materials, which struggle to simultaneously address performance across different temperature ranges, and offers excellent market application potential. By adjusting the glass transition temperature of the viscoelastic damping layer, designing a Tg of 15°C for room-temperature components and 40°C for high-temperature components, the optimal damping effect is achieved within each operating temperature range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the silent composite panel provided by the present invention; Among them, 1. a first substrate layer, 2. a viscoelastic damping layer, 3. a second substrate layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following examples will help those skilled in the art further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make several changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The relevant terms in the present invention are explained as follows: Damping Loss Factor: This is a measure of a material's ability to absorb and dissipate vibration energy. The higher the value, the better the material's damping effect, meaning it more effectively attenuates vibration and reduces noise. For viscoelastic damping materials, a high damping loss factor means the material is better at converting mechanical energy into heat, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration and sound.

[0029] Damping Peak: The damping peak is typically frequency- or temperature-dependent, representing the point at which a material exhibits maximum damping efficiency under specific conditions. For certain design applications, determining the damping peak can help understand the material's optimal performance under specific operating conditions, such as a certain frequency or temperature range. This is crucial for tailoring the material to a specific application.

[0030] Shear Strength: This is the maximum stress at which a material can withstand shear forces (applied forces perpendicular to the material) without breaking. Shear strength is a crucial mechanical property for viscoelastic damping materials, particularly in multi-layer structures involving composite panels, ensuring good bonding between layers and preventing delamination or tearing.

[0031] Peel Strength: This refers to the force per unit width required to separate two adhesive layers at a specific angle. It reflects the material's ability to resist delamination under peel force and is often used to assess bond stability at edges or corners of the adhesive interface.

[0032] Glass Transition Temperature (Tg): The glass transition temperature (Tg) is the temperature at which a material transitions from a glassy state to a rubbery state. In the glassy state, the material is relatively hard and brittle, while in the rubbery state, it is soft and elastic. For damping materials, the Tg influences their elastic and plastic behavior at different temperatures. By adjusting the Tg of a viscoelastic material, its performance can be optimized at both elevated and room temperatures.

[0033] In the present invention, normal temperature structural components refer to components in new energy vehicles that work under normal temperature conditions, such as floors, door inner panels, wheel covers and other parts in new energy vehicles.

[0034] The high-temperature structural components in the present invention refer to components in new energy vehicles that work in a relatively high temperature environment (30-80°C), such as the oil pan and timing cover of the automobile engine.

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0036] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a silent composite panel, which is used to form a normal temperature structural component of a new energy vehicle. The silent composite panel includes a first substrate layer 1, a viscoelastic damping layer 2, and a second substrate layer 3 stacked in sequence; the viscoelastic damping layer does not contain a conductive substance.

[0037] The viscoelastic damping layer has a glass transition temperature of 15°C, giving it excellent viscoelasticity at room temperature, effectively absorbing and dissipating vibration energy. The viscoelastic damping layer is 0.03mm thick, ensuring adequate damping without excessively increasing the thickness and weight of the composite panel.

[0038] The thickness of the viscoelastic damping resin in this embodiment is 0.03 mm.

[0039] In this embodiment, a corrosion-resistant coating is provided on the side of the first substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin and on the side of the second substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin.

[0040] The corrosion-resistant coating in this embodiment is a galvanized layer, and the thickness of the galvanized layer in this embodiment is 6.5 μm.

[0041] This embodiment is primarily targeted for use in room-temperature structural components. The viscoelastic damping layer in this embodiment comprises the following raw materials by weight: 40 wt.% acrylate monomer, 0.8 wt.% initiator, 1 wt.% adhesion promoter, and the remainder solvent. The acrylate monomer in this embodiment is composed of methyl methacrylate (Tg = 105°C) and epoxy acrylate (which provides crosslinking sites), with a mass ratio of methyl methacrylate to epoxy acrylate of 37:1. The initiator in this embodiment is azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), the adhesion promoter is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550), and the solvent is ethyl acetate. This formulation ensures that the viscoelastic damping layer has a damping loss factor greater than 0.1 and a damping peak greater than 0.2 within the temperature range of 0-60°C. The silent composite panel exhibits a peel strength of 3.5 N / mm and a shear strength of 2.5 MPa. It can withstand baking at 180°C for one hour, with no more than 20% of the initial bond strength loss.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first substrate and the second substrate are made of the same material, both steel plates, and both are 0.5 mm thick. The steel plates have good strength and rigidity, and can provide sufficient support for the entire composite structure. The side of the first substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin, and the side of the second substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping layer, are both provided with a corrosion-resistant coating. The corrosion-resistant coating is a zinc coating with a thickness of 6.5 μm. This coating design can effectively prevent the substrate from corrosion during use, extending the service life of the product.

[0043] The preparation process of the silent composite board in this embodiment includes the following steps: (1) preparing a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, both of which are steel plates coated with a corrosion-resistant coating on the surface, the thickness of the steel plate is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 6.5 μm; (2) preparing the corresponding viscoelastic damping layer material, and evenly coating the prepared viscoelastic damping layer material on the first substrate layer, controlling the coating thickness to be 0.03 mm; (3) covering the viscoelastic damping layer with the second substrate layer to form a three-layer structure; (4) The three-layer structure is tightly combined through hot pressing or cold pressing to form a silent composite board.

[0044] The prepared silent composite panels can be cut into the required shape and size as needed and used for different normal temperature structural components of new energy vehicles.

[0045] Example 2 This embodiment provides a silent composite board, which is used to form a high-temperature structural component of a new energy vehicle. Figure 1As shown, the silent composite panel includes a first substrate layer, a viscoelastic damping layer, and a second substrate layer stacked in sequence; the viscoelastic damping layer does not contain any conductive material.

[0046] The structural component in this embodiment is a high-temperature structural component. The damping loss factor of the viscoelastic damping layer in the temperature range of 30~80°C is ≥0.1, with a peak value of 0.2~0.25. The peel strength of the high-temperature structural component is above 5N / mm, and the shear strength is above 3MPa; and it can withstand baking at 180°C for 1 hour, and the above-mentioned bonding strength decay does not exceed 20% of the initial value.

[0047] The glass transition temperature of the viscoelastic damping layer is 40°C.

[0048] The thickness of the viscoelastic damping resin in this embodiment is 0.03 mm.

[0049] In one embodiment, a corrosion-resistant coating is provided on a side of the first substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin and a side of the second substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin.

[0050] This embodiment is primarily targeted for applications in high-temperature structural components. The viscoelastic damping layer in this embodiment comprises the following raw materials by weight: 22 wt.% functionalized synthetic rubber, 8 wt.% thermosetting resin, 1.5 wt.% additive, and 68.5 wt.% solvent. The functionalized synthetic rubber in this embodiment is epoxidized natural rubber (ENR, 25% epoxy content), the thermosetting resin in this embodiment is phenolic resin, the additive in this embodiment is a hindered phenolic antioxidant (Irganox 1010), and the solvent in this embodiment is an acetone / butanone mixture (benzene-free). The viscoelastic damping layer in this embodiment is prepared using a batch polymerization method. This formulation ensures a damping loss factor greater than 0.1 and a damping peak greater than 0.2 within the temperature range of 0-60°C. The silent composite panel exhibits a peel strength of 3.8 N / mm and a shear strength of 2.8 MPa. It can withstand baking at 180°C for one hour, with no decrease in adhesive strength exceeding 20% ​​of the initial value.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first substrate and the second substrate are made of the same material, both steel plates, and both are 0.5 mm thick. The steel plates have good strength and rigidity, and can provide sufficient support for the entire composite structure. The side of the first substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin, and the side of the second substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping layer, are both provided with a corrosion-resistant coating. The corrosion-resistant coating is a zinc coating with a thickness of 6.5 μm. This coating design can effectively prevent the substrate from corrosion during use, extending the service life of the product.

[0052] The preparation process of the silent composite board in this embodiment includes the following steps: (1) preparing a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, both of which are steel plates coated with a corrosion-resistant coating on the surface, the thickness of the steel plate is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 6.5 μm; (2) preparing the corresponding viscoelastic damping layer material, and evenly coating the prepared viscoelastic damping layer material on the first substrate layer, controlling the coating thickness to be 0.03 mm; (3) covering the viscoelastic damping layer with the second substrate layer to form a three-layer structure; (4) The three-layer structure is tightly combined through hot pressing or cold pressing to form a silent composite board.

[0053] The prepared silent composite panels can be cut into the required shape and size as needed and used for high-temperature structural components of new energy vehicles, such as the support structure around the battery pack and the heat insulation panel near the motor compartment.

[0054] Example 3 A silent composite panel is used as a structural component for new energy vehicles. The silent composite panel includes a first substrate layer, a viscoelastic damping layer, and a second substrate layer stacked in sequence. The viscoelastic damping layer does not contain conductive material.

[0055] The viscoelastic damping layer in this embodiment includes a mixture of two different formulations: Formula A (60wt.%): 36wt.% acrylate monomer, 0.6wt.% initiator, 1wt.% adhesion promoter, and the balance is solvent.

[0056] Formula B (40wt.%): 21wt.% functionalized synthetic rubber, 6wt.% thermosetting resin, 1.2wt.% additive, and the balance is solvent.

[0057] In this embodiment, the glass transition temperature of the viscoelastic damping layer is 25° C. This intermediate value enables the damping layer to maintain a good damping effect within a wide temperature range.

[0058] In this embodiment, the thickness of the viscoelastic damping layer is 0.03 mm.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first and second substrates are made of the same steel plate, each with a thickness of 0.5 mm. A corrosion-resistant coating is applied to the side of the first substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin, and to the side of the second substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping layer. The corrosion-resistant coating is a zinc-aluminum-magnesium coating with a thickness of 6.5 μm.

[0060] The preparation process of the silent composite board in this embodiment includes the following steps: (1) preparing a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, both of which are steel plates coated with a corrosion-resistant coating on the surface, the thickness of the steel plate is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 6.5 μm; (2) preparing the corresponding viscoelastic damping layer material, and evenly coating the prepared viscoelastic damping layer material on the first substrate layer, controlling the coating thickness to be 0.03 mm; (3) covering the viscoelastic damping layer with the second substrate layer to form a three-layer structure; (4) The three-layer structure is tightly combined through hot pressing or cold pressing to form a silent composite board.

[0061] The silent composite board prepared in this embodiment can be cut into required shapes and sizes as needed, and used for various structural components of new energy vehicles, especially for areas with large temperature changes.

[0062] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides an existing conventional silent composite panel, which has the same structure as that of Example 1, including a first substrate layer, a viscoelastic damping layer and a second substrate layer, wherein the side of the first substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin and the side of the second substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin are both provided with a corrosion-resistant coating.

[0063] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the composition and performance parameters of the viscoelastic damping layer are different from those of Example 1.

[0064] In this comparative example, the viscoelastic damping layer is prepared from the following raw materials in mass fractions: 30 wt.% general-purpose acrylic resin, 5 wt.% conductive carbon black (for enhancing thermal conductivity), 2 wt.% inorganic filler (calcium carbonate), and 63 wt.% mixed solvent (toluene / ethyl acetate).

[0065] The performance parameters of the viscoelastic damping layer in this comparative example are as follows: Damping loss factor: 0.08 at 0℃, 0.06 at 60℃, 0.03 at 80℃ (all < 0.1); Damping peak: 0.15 (<0.2); Peel strength: 2.5N / mm (<3N / mm); Shear strength: 1.5MPa (<2MPa); After baking at 180℃ for 1 hour, the bonding strength decayed by 35% (>20%); The glass transition temperature (Tg) is 10°C (inadequate performance at room temperature).

[0066] Experimental example In this experimental example, the performance of the silent composite panels obtained in Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1 was tested. The test method is as follows: (1) Damping performance test: Instrument: Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA); Conditions: frequency 1 Hz, temperature range -20°C~100°C, heating rate 3°C / min; Indicators: Damping loss factor (tanδ) and peak value.

[0067] (2) Mechanical properties test: Peel strength: According to ASTM D903 standard, using a universal material testing machine; Shear strength: Based on ASTM D1002 standard, using lap shear specimens; High temperature resistance: After being placed in a 180°C oven for 1 hour, the adhesive strength attenuation rate was immediately tested.

[0068] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0069] Table 1 To verify the long-term performance of the silent composite panel, this experimental example further employed a high-temperature accelerated aging test to simulate 10 years of use. Aging at 120°C for 2000 hours was equivalent to 10 years of actual use at 30°C. The damping loss factor, peel strength, and shear strength were compared before and after the aging test. The specific experimental conditions are as follows: Aging temperature: 120℃±2℃; Test frequency: Samples are taken every 500 hours to test the damping loss factor, peel strength and shear strength.

[0070] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0071] In summary, the silent composite panels of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention significantly outperform the conventional material of Comparative Example 1 in terms of damping performance, mechanical strength, and high-temperature stability. In particular, under high-temperature (80°C) and long-term use (10 years), the damping loss factor of the present invention decays by ≤15%, and the bonding strength decays by ≤20%, fully meeting the stringent requirements of new energy vehicles for lightweighting, weather resistance, and quiet performance.

[0072] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. The embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A silent composite panel for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The silent composite panel is used to form a structural component of a new energy vehicle. The silent composite panel includes a first substrate layer, a viscoelastic damping layer, and a second substrate layer stacked in sequence; the viscoelastic damping layer does not contain a conductive material; The viscoelastic damping layer has a damping loss factor of ≥0.1 and a damping peak value of >0.2 in the temperature range of 0-80°C. Within 10 years, the damping loss factor and bonding strength of the silent composite panel will not decrease by more than 10%-20% of the initial value. The viscoelastic damping layer includes the following raw materials in mass fraction: 35wt.% to 40wt.% acrylate monomer, 0.5wt.% to 1wt.% initiator, 1wt.% adhesion promoter, and the balance is solvent, and / or, when the structural component is a high-temperature structural component, the viscoelastic damping layer includes the following raw materials in mass fraction: 20wt.% to 25wt.% functionalized synthetic rubber, 5wt.% to 10wt.% thermosetting resin, 1wt.% to 2wt.% additive, and the balance is solvent.

2. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the structural component is a normal temperature structural component, the viscoelastic damping layer has a damping loss factor greater than 0.1 and a damping peak greater than 0.2 in the temperature range of 0~60℃, the peel strength of the silent composite panel is greater than 3N / mm, the shear strength is greater than 2MPa, and it can withstand baking at 180℃ for 1 hour, and the bonding strength attenuation of the silent composite panel does not exceed 20% of the initial value; the viscoelastic damping layer includes the following raw materials in mass fraction: 35wt.%~40wt.% acrylate monomer, 0.5wt.%~1wt.% initiator, 1wt.% adhesion promoter, and the balance is solvent.

3. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The glass transition temperature Tg of the viscoelastic damping layer is 15°C.

4. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the structural component is a high-temperature structural component, the viscoelastic damping layer has a damping loss factor greater than 0.1 and a damping peak greater than 0.2 in the temperature range of 30~80℃, the peel strength of the silent composite panel is greater than 5N / mm, the shear strength is greater than 3MPa, and it can withstand baking at 180℃ for 1 hour, and the bonding strength attenuation of the silent composite panel does not exceed 20% of the initial value; the viscoelastic damping layer includes the following raw materials in mass fraction: 20wt.%~25wt.% functionalized synthetic rubber, 5wt.%~10wt.% thermosetting resin, 1wt.%~2wt.% additive, and the balance is solvent.

5. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The glass transition temperature of the viscoelastic damping layer is 40°C.

6. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the viscoelastic damping layer is 0.03 mm.

7. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: The first substrate and the second substrate are made of the same material, both being steel plates or aluminum alloy plates.

8. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A corrosion-resistant coating is provided on a side of the first substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping resin and a side of the second substrate facing away from the viscoelastic damping layer.

9. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The corrosion-resistant coating is a zinc coating, a zinc-aluminum-magnesium coating, or an aluminum coating.

10. The silent composite panel for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first substrate layer is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the viscoelastic damping layer is 0.03 mm, the thickness of the second substrate layer is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 6-7 μm.

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