High-gloss light glazed brick and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramics, and particularly discloses a high-gloss light-weight glazed brick and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that 1, composite high-aluminum mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene are mixed and subjected to ball milling, and green body powder is obtained; step 2, carrying out compression molding on the green body powder to form a green body, applying ground glaze on the green body, carrying out ink-jet printing, and carrying out shower coating of transition glaze and high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze to obtain a green brick; and step 3, drying the green brick prepared in the step 2, sintering, and carrying out composite polishing to obtain the high-gloss light glazed brick. The prepared high-gloss light-weight glazed brick not only has higher Moh's hardness, but also has the characteristic of remarkable light weight, so that the weight of the brick body is greatly reduced, the brick body also has higher wear-resistant grade and glossiness, scratches and wear in daily use can be effectively resisted, and the completeness and attractiveness of the surface can still be kept after the brick is used for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building ceramic preparation, and more specifically, to a high-gloss lightweight glazed tile and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the booming development of the modern architectural decoration industry, consumers are increasingly demanding performance requirements for architectural ceramics. Glazed tiles, a key category in the architectural ceramics field, are becoming a focus of industry attention. High gloss and lightweighting are the two core areas of performance optimization for glazed tiles.

[0003] However, the existing technology still has the following key problems: (1) The glossiness of conventional polished glazed tiles is usually low, the glaze surface glossiness is insufficient, and microscopic pinholes, orange peel patterns and other defects are prone to appear on the surface of the glaze layer, resulting in an excessively high proportion of diffuse reflection of light and a rough visual texture; (2) Traditional glazes are mainly composed of zirconium silicate, feldspar, etc., the glaze formula is limited, the melting temperature is high, and the low-temperature fluidity is poor, making it difficult to form a dense and smooth glaze surface; (3) The glaze layer is insufficiently hard, and the glaze layer has poor wear resistance and durability. After long-term use, it is easily scratched by gravel, and the glossiness is significantly reduced; (4) The difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the glaze layer and the body causes internal stress during firing and cooling, causing microcracks and reducing frost resistance and corrosion resistance; (5) Traditional polished glazed tiles have a high density, which has many disadvantages in scenes such as the exterior walls of high-rise buildings and prefabricated buildings. Although lightweight ceramic tiles have appeared, while achieving lightweight, they often face problems such as reduced strength and glaze defects. Based on the above statements, the present application provides a high-gloss lightweight glazed tile and a preparation method to achieve a synergistic improvement in glossiness, wear resistance and lightweight. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology, the present application provides a high-gloss lightweight glazed tile and a preparation method.

[0005] A method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Mix the composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene and ball-mill until D 50 The particle size is 2-3 μm, and the green body powder is obtained;

[0007] Step 2: Pressing the green body powder into a green body, applying a base glaze, inkjet printing, pouring a transition glaze and a high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick;

[0008] Step 3: Drying, firing, and composite polishing the bricks prepared in step 2 to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0009] Preferably, in step 1, the mass ratio of the composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene is 60-75:22-38:1-3:0.5-2.

[0010] Preferably, the composite high-alumina mud in step 1 is composed of high-alumina mud and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 8-10:1-3.

[0011] Preferably, the A2O3 content in the high alumina mud in step 1 is 60-80wt%.

[0012] Preferably, the pressing pressure in step 1 is 30-80 MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 8-15 seconds.

[0013] Preferably, the base glaze raw materials in step 2 include: potassium feldspar 25-35%, nano zirconium oxide 1-3%, SnO2 2-4%, kaolin 5-10%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.85-1.95 g / cm 3 , glaze application amount is 120-180g / m 2 .

[0014] Preferably, the inkjet printing in step 2 adopts any one or a combination of oil-based inkjet, water-based inkjet, roller printing and sunken inkjet.

[0015] Preferably, the ink layer thickness in step 2 is 10-30 μm. After inkjet printing, the ink is dried at 80-120° C. for 10-15 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is ≥0.3 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the transition glaze raw materials in step 2 include: feldspar 15-18%, quartz 18-22%, kaolin 12-18%, zinc oxide 6-9%, aluminum oxide 4-7%, borax 8-11%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of the transition glaze is 1.25-1.52 g / cm 3 , glaze application amount is 80-150g / m 2 .

[0017] Preferably, the raw materials of the high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze in step 2 include: 20-28% frit, 5-12% potassium feldspar, 10-12% burned talc, 10-12% quartz, 15-18% borosilicate glass powder, 0.8-1.2% lanthanum oxide, 4-6% zinc oxide, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of the high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.35-1.58 g / cm 3 , glaze application amount is 280-350g / m 2 .

[0018] Preferably, the mineral composition of the frit is: potassium feldspar 25-35%, quartz 20-25%, barium carbonate 10-18%, raw talc 8-15%, and crude alumina 15-20%;

[0019] Preferably, the frit in step 2 is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc and crude alumina, heating at 800-1000°C for 20-30 minutes, heating to 1300-1500°C, heating for 2-4 hours, fully melting and quenching.

[0020] Preferably, the firing in step 3 adopts gradient temperature control: heating to 300-600°C at a heating rate of 5-8°C / min, keeping warm for 10-15min, heating to 700-1000°C at a heating rate of 10-12°C / min, keeping warm for 20-25min, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 8-12%, heating to 1000-1150°C at a heating rate of 10-12°C / min, and keeping warm for 20-30min.

[0021] Preferably, the composite polishing process in step 3 is: first, rough polishing is performed with a resin-based elastic grinding block, with a polishing amount of 0.05-0.1mm, and a diamond grinding wheel, with a polishing amount of 0.03-0.05mm, and finally, polishing is performed with a ceramic polishing liquid, with a polishing pressure of 0.1-0.2MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 50-80mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.05-0.1mm.

[0022] A high-gloss lightweight glazed tile is prepared by the method.

[0023] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present application utilizes high-alumina mud and metakaolin to form a composite high-alumina mud. The high-alumina mud has a high alumina content and has high hardness and rigidity. It can build a strong skeleton structure for the green body, greatly enhancing the compressive strength and deformation resistance of the green body. However, when used alone, due to its coarse particles and high porosity, it needs to rely on a large amount of binder filling, which may increase the density of the green body. By compounding with metakaolin, the nano-scale particles of metakaolin can fill the gaps between the high-alumina mud particles, reduce the invalid pores inside the green body, and maintain the integrity of the skeleton structure while reducing the amount of aggregate per unit volume, thereby achieving lightweighting. The volcanic ash activity of metakaolin causes it to react with the glass phase on the surface of the expanded perlite during the firing process, forming a silicate gel transition layer, which enhances the bonding strength between the lightweight aggregate and the rigid skeleton and avoids the loose structure caused by excessive pores. The high melting point characteristics of high-alumina mud can limit the excessive expansion of the expanded perlite in the high temperature stage, prevent the density of the green body from fluctuating due to rupture or merging of pores, and ensure the stability of the structure.

[0025] In the process of preparing the melt, the present application first uses a low temperature to promote the complete decomposition and release of barium carbonate, completely discharge the structural water in the talc, reduce the gaps in the glaze surface, and then ensure complete melting through a high temperature section to promote partial vitrification of the surface of the aluminum oxide particles, enhance the bonding strength with the matrix, quench the melt, inhibit crystal precipitation, form a uniform amorphous glass phase, and ensure high transparency of the glaze layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0027] The high-alumina mud used in the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples was purchased from the Changhui Building Materials Supply Station in the Economic Development Zone; the expanded perlite was purchased from the Lingshou County Likun Mineral Products Processing Plant; the metakaolin (mesh size: 800 mesh) was purchased from Lingshou County Dexu Mining Co., Ltd.; the kaolin was purchased from Lingshou County Bohan Mineral Products Co., Ltd.; and the ordinary frit (model: YS633 powder) was purchased from Zibo Yishun Ceramic Color Glaze Co., Ltd.

[0028] Examples 1-3 provide a high-gloss lightweight glazed tile and a preparation method.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Mix composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene in a mass ratio of 60:22:1:0.5 and ball-mill until D 50 The particle size is 2 μm, and the green body powder is obtained, wherein the composite high-alumina mud is composed of high-alumina mud and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 8:1, and the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 60wt%;

[0032] Step 2: Press the green body powder into shape at a pressing pressure of 30 MPa and hold the pressure for 8 seconds to form a green body. Apply base glaze, inkjet printing, flow coating transition glaze and high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick. The base glaze raw materials include: potassium feldspar 25%, nano zirconium oxide 1%, SnO22%, kaolin 5%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.85 g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 120g / m 2 The inkjet printing adopts water-based infiltration inkjet printing, and the ink layer thickness is 10μm. After inkjet printing, it is dried at 80℃ for 10 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is 0.3mm. The raw materials of transition glaze include: feldspar 15%, quartz 18%, kaolin 12%, zinc oxide 6%, aluminum oxide 4%, borax 8%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of transition glaze is 1.25g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 80g / m 2The raw materials of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze include: frit 20%, potassium feldspar 5%, burned talc 10%, quartz 10%, borosilicate glass powder 15%, lanthanum oxide 0.8%, zinc oxide 4%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.35g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 280g / m 2 The mineral composition of the frit is: 35% potassium feldspar, 25% quartz, 10% barium carbonate, 10% raw talc, and 20% crude alumina. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, heating at 800°C for 20 minutes, raising the temperature to 1300°C, and heating for 2 hours. After fully melting, the mixture is quenched.

[0033] Step 3: Dry the bricks prepared in step 2 at 40°C for 6h, heat them up to 300°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, keep them warm for 10min, heat them up to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 8%, heat them up to 1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, first use a resin-based elastic grinding block for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.05mm, and a diamond grinding wheel for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.03mm, and finally use ceramic polishing liquid for polishing with a polishing pressure of 0.1MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 50mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.05mm to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Step 1: Mix composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene in a mass ratio of 68:30:2:1 and ball-mill until D 50 The particle size is 2.5 μm, and the green body powder is obtained. The composite high-alumina mud is composed of high-alumina mud and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 9:2, and the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 70wt%;

[0036] Step 2: Press the green body powder into shape at a pressing pressure of 50 MPa and hold the pressure for 12 seconds to form a green body. Apply base glaze, inkjet printing, flow coating transition glaze and high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick. The base glaze raw materials include: potassium feldspar 30%, nano zirconium oxide 2%, SnO23%, kaolin 8%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.92 g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 150g / m 2 The inkjet printing adopts water-based infiltration inkjet printing, and the ink layer thickness is 20μm. After inkjet printing, it is dried at 100℃ for 12 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is 0.4mm. The raw materials of transition glaze include: feldspar 17%, quartz 20%, kaolin 15%, zinc oxide 7%, aluminum oxide 5%, borax 9%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of transition glaze is 1.38g / cm 3, glaze amount is 120g / m 2 The raw materials of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze include: frit 24%, potassium feldspar 8%, burned talc 11%, quartz 11%, borosilicate glass powder 16%, lanthanum oxide 1%, zinc oxide 5%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.43g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 300g / m 2 The mineral composition of the frit is: potassium feldspar 32%, quartz 22%, barium carbonate 15%, raw talc 13%, and crude alumina 18%. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, heating at 900°C for 25 minutes, raising the temperature to 1400°C, and heating for 3 hours. After fully melting, the mixture is quenched.

[0037] Step 3. Dry the bricks prepared in step 2 at 50°C for 8h, heat them up to 450°C at a heating rate of 6°C / min, keep them warm for 12min, heat them up to 850°C at a heating rate of 11°C / min, keep them warm for 22min, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 10%, heat them up to 1080°C at a heating rate of 11°C / min, keep them warm for 25min, first use a resin-based elastic grinding block for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.08mm, use a diamond grinding wheel for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.04mm, and finally use ceramic polishing liquid for polishing with a polishing pressure of 0.15MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 65mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.08mm to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] Step 1: Mix composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene in a mass ratio of 75:38:3:2 and ball-mill until D 50 The particle size is 3 μm, and the green body powder is obtained, wherein the composite high-alumina mud is composed of high-alumina mud and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 10:3, and the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 80wt%;

[0040] Step 2: Press the green body powder into shape at a pressing pressure of 80 MPa and hold the pressure for 15 seconds to form a green body. Apply base glaze, inkjet printing, flow coating transition glaze and high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick. The base glaze raw materials include: potassium feldspar 35%, nano zirconium oxide 3%, SnO24%, kaolin 10%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.95 g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 180g / m 2The inkjet printing adopts water-based infiltration inkjet printing, and the ink layer thickness is 30μm. After inkjet printing, it is dried at 120℃ for 15 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is 0.5mm. The transition glaze raw materials include: feldspar 18%, quartz 22%, kaolin 18%, zinc oxide 9%, aluminum oxide 7%, borax 11%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of the transition glaze is 1.52g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 150g / m 2 The raw materials of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze include: frit 28%, potassium feldspar 12%, burned talc 12%, quartz 12%, borosilicate glass powder 18%, lanthanum oxide 1.2%, zinc oxide 6%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.58g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 350g / m 2 The mineral composition of the frit is: 32% potassium feldspar, 15% quartz, 18% barium carbonate, 15% raw talc, and 20% crude alumina. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, heating at 1000°C for 30 minutes, raising the temperature to 1500°C, and heating for 4 hours. After fully melting, the mixture is quenched.

[0041] Step 3. Dry the bricks prepared in step 2 at 60°C for 10 hours, heat them to 600°C at a heating rate of 8°C / min, keep them warm for 15 minutes, heat them to 1000°C at a heating rate of 12°C / min, keep them warm for 25 minutes, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 12%, heat them to 1150°C at a heating rate of 12°C / min, keep them warm for 30 minutes, first use a resin-based elastic grinding block for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.1mm, and a diamond grinding wheel for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.05mm, and finally use ceramic polishing liquid for polishing with a polishing pressure of 0.2MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 80mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.1mm to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] A method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Mix high alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano zirconium oxide and graphene in a mass ratio of 60:22:1:0.5 and ball mill to D 50 The particle size is 2 μm, and the green body powder is obtained, wherein the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 60wt%;

[0045] Step 2: Press the green body powder into shape at a pressing pressure of 30 MPa and hold the pressure for 8 seconds to form a green body. Apply base glaze, inkjet printing, flow coating transition glaze and high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick. The base glaze raw materials include: potassium feldspar 25%, nano zirconium oxide 1%, SnO22%, kaolin 5%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.85 g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 120g / m 2 The inkjet printing adopts water-based infiltration inkjet printing, and the ink layer thickness is 10μm. After inkjet printing, it is dried at 80℃ for 10 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is 0.3mm. The raw materials of transition glaze include: feldspar 15%, quartz 18%, kaolin 12%, zinc oxide 6%, aluminum oxide 4%, borax 8%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of transition glaze is 1.25g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 80g / m 2 The raw materials of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze include: frit 20%, potassium feldspar 5%, burned talc 10%, quartz 10%, borosilicate glass powder 15%, lanthanum oxide 0.8%, zinc oxide 4%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.35g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 280g / m 2 The mineral composition of the frit is: 35% potassium feldspar, 25% quartz, 10% barium carbonate, 10% raw talc, and 20% crude alumina. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, heating at 800°C for 20 minutes, raising the temperature to 1300°C, and heating for 2 hours. After fully melting, the mixture is quenched.

[0046] Step 3: Dry the bricks prepared in step 2 at 40°C for 6h, heat them up to 300°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, keep them warm for 10min, heat them up to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 8%, heat them up to 1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, first use a resin-based elastic grinding block for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.05mm, and a diamond grinding wheel for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.03mm, and finally use ceramic polishing liquid for polishing with a polishing pressure of 0.1MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 50mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.05mm to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] A method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Mix composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene in a mass ratio of 60:22:1:0.5 and ball-mill until D 50The particle size is 2 μm, and the green body powder is obtained. The composite high-alumina mud is composed of high-alumina mud and kaolin in a mass ratio of 8:1, and the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 60wt%;

[0050] Step 2: Press the green body powder into shape at a pressing pressure of 30 MPa and hold the pressure for 8 seconds to form a green body. Apply base glaze, inkjet printing, flow coating transition glaze and high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick. The base glaze raw materials include: potassium feldspar 25%, nano zirconium oxide 1%, SnO22%, kaolin 5%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.85 g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 120g / m 2 The inkjet printing adopts water-based infiltration inkjet printing, and the ink layer thickness is 10μm. After inkjet printing, it is dried at 80℃ for 10 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is 0.3mm. The raw materials of transition glaze include: feldspar 15%, quartz 18%, kaolin 12%, zinc oxide 6%, aluminum oxide 4%, borax 8%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of transition glaze is 1.25g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 80g / m 2 The raw materials of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze include: frit 20%, potassium feldspar 5%, burned talc 10%, quartz 10%, borosilicate glass powder 15%, lanthanum oxide 0.8%, zinc oxide 4%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.35g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 280g / m 2 The mineral composition of the frit is: 35% potassium feldspar, 25% quartz, 10% barium carbonate, 10% raw talc, and 20% crude alumina. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, heating at 800°C for 20 minutes, raising the temperature to 1300°C, and heating for 2 hours. After fully melting, the mixture is quenched.

[0051] Step 3: Dry the bricks prepared in step 2 at 40°C for 6h, heat them up to 300°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, keep them warm for 10min, heat them up to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 8%, heat them up to 1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, first use a resin-based elastic grinding block for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.05mm, and a diamond grinding wheel for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.03mm, and finally use ceramic polishing liquid for polishing with a polishing pressure of 0.1MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 50mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.05mm to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0052] Comparative Example 3

[0053] A method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Mix composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene in a mass ratio of 60:22:1:0.5 and ball-mill until D 50 The particle size is 2 μm, and the green body powder is obtained, wherein the composite high-alumina mud is composed of high-alumina mud and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 8:1, and the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 50wt%;

[0055] Step 2: Press the green body powder into shape at a pressing pressure of 30 MPa and hold the pressure for 8 seconds to form a green body. Apply base glaze, inkjet printing, flow coating transition glaze and high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick. The base glaze raw materials include: potassium feldspar 25%, nano zirconium oxide 1%, SnO22%, kaolin 5%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.85 g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 120g / m 2 The inkjet printing adopts water-based infiltration inkjet printing, and the ink layer thickness is 10μm. After inkjet printing, it is dried at 80℃ for 10 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is 0.3mm. The raw materials of transition glaze include: feldspar 15%, quartz 18%, kaolin 12%, zinc oxide 6%, aluminum oxide 4%, borax 8%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of transition glaze is 1.25g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 80g / m 2 The raw materials of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze include: frit 20%, potassium feldspar 5%, burned talc 10%, quartz 10%, borosilicate glass powder 15%, lanthanum oxide 0.8%, zinc oxide 4%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.35g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 280g / m 2 The mineral composition of the frit is: 35% potassium feldspar, 25% quartz, 10% barium carbonate, 10% raw talc, and 20% crude alumina. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, heating at 800°C for 20 minutes, raising the temperature to 1300°C, and heating for 2 hours. After fully melting, the mixture is quenched.

[0056] Step 3: Dry the bricks prepared in step 2 at 40°C for 6h, heat them up to 300°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, keep them warm for 10min, heat them up to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 8%, heat them up to 1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, first use a resin-based elastic grinding block for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.05mm, and a diamond grinding wheel for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.03mm, and finally use ceramic polishing liquid for polishing with a polishing pressure of 0.1MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 50mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.05mm to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] A method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Mix composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene in a mass ratio of 60:22:1:0.5 and ball-mill until D 50 The particle size is 2 μm, and the green body powder is obtained, wherein the composite high-alumina mud is composed of high-alumina mud and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 8:1, and the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 60wt%;

[0060] Step 2: Press the green body powder into shape at a pressing pressure of 30 MPa and hold the pressure for 8 seconds to form a green body. Apply base glaze, inkjet printing, flow coating transition glaze and high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick. The base glaze raw materials include: potassium feldspar 25%, nano zirconium oxide 1%, SnO22%, kaolin 5%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.85 g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 120g / m 2 The inkjet printing adopts water-based infiltration inkjet printing, and the ink layer thickness is 10μm. After inkjet printing, it is dried at 80℃ for 10 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is 0.3mm. The raw materials of transition glaze include: feldspar 15%, quartz 18%, kaolin 12%, zinc oxide 6%, aluminum oxide 4%, borax 8%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of transition glaze is 1.25g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 80g / m 2 The raw materials of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze include: ordinary frit 20%, potassium feldspar 5%, burned talc 10%, quartz 10%, borosilicate glass powder 15%, lanthanum oxide 0.8%, zinc oxide 4%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.35g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 280g / m 2 The mineral composition of the frit is: 35% potassium feldspar, 25% quartz, 10% barium carbonate, 10% raw talc, and 20% crude alumina. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, heating at 800°C for 20 minutes, raising the temperature to 1300°C, and heating for 2 hours. After fully melting, the mixture is quenched.

[0061] Step 3: Dry the bricks prepared in step 2 at 40°C for 6h, heat them up to 300°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, keep them warm for 10min, heat them up to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 8%, heat them up to 1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, first use a resin-based elastic grinding block for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.05mm, and a diamond grinding wheel for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.03mm, and finally use ceramic polishing liquid for polishing with a polishing pressure of 0.1MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 50mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.05mm to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0062] Comparative Example 5

[0063] A method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles comprises the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Mix composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene in a mass ratio of 60:22:1:0.5 and ball-mill until D 50 The particle size is 2 μm, and the green body powder is obtained, wherein the composite high-alumina mud is composed of high-alumina mud and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 8:1, and the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 60wt%;

[0065] Step 2: Press the green body powder into shape at a pressing pressure of 30 MPa and hold the pressure for 8 seconds to form a green body. Apply base glaze, inkjet printing, flow coating transition glaze and high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick. The base glaze raw materials include: potassium feldspar 25%, nano zirconium oxide 1%, SnO22%, kaolin 5%, and the balance is water. The base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.85 g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 120g / m 2 The inkjet printing adopts water-based infiltration inkjet printing, and the ink layer thickness is 10μm. After inkjet printing, it is dried at 80℃ for 10 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is 0.3mm. The raw materials of transition glaze include: feldspar 15%, quartz 18%, kaolin 12%, zinc oxide 6%, aluminum oxide 4%, borax 8%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of transition glaze is 1.25g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 80g / m 2 The raw materials of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze include: frit 20%, potassium feldspar 5%, burned talc 10%, quartz 10%, borosilicate glass powder 15%, lanthanum oxide 0.8%, zinc oxide 4%, and the balance is water. The specific gravity of high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.35g / cm 3 , glaze amount is 280g / m 2The mineral composition of the frit is: 35% potassium feldspar, 25% quartz, 10% barium carbonate, 10% raw talc, and 20% crude alumina. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, heating the mixture to 1300°C, holding the mixture for 2 hours, and then quenching the mixture after the mixture is fully melted.

[0066] Step 3: Dry the bricks prepared in step 2 at 40°C for 6h, heat them up to 300°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, keep them warm for 10min, heat them up to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 8%, heat them up to 1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, keep them warm for 20min, first use a resin-based elastic grinding block for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.05mm, and a diamond grinding wheel for rough polishing with a polishing amount of 0.03mm, and finally use ceramic polishing liquid for polishing with a polishing pressure of 0.1MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 50mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.05mm to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

[0067] Performance Testing

[0068] The comprehensive properties of the high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 of the present application are as follows:

[0069] Mohs Hardness: Place the glazed tile sample steadily on a hard support with the glazed surface facing upwards. Use standard ore stones of different Mohs values ​​from small to large to scratch the sample surface. Use the new edge of the ore to apply force evenly and vertically to scratch the sample surface. The lowest hardness value that just produces a noticeable scratch is used as the test result.

[0070] Wear resistance: Tested in accordance with the national standard GB / T3810.7-2016 "Test methods for ceramic tiles - Part 7: Determination of surface wear resistance of glazed tiles";

[0071] Gloss: Tested in accordance with the national standard GB / T 13891-2008 "Measurement Method for Specular Gloss of Building Finishing Materials";

[0072] Volume density: tested in accordance with the industry standard JG / T 567-2019 "Lightweight and high-strength ceramic panels for construction";

[0073] The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0074] Table 1 Performance parameters of high gloss lightweight glazed tiles prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0075] Test items Mohs hardness Wear resistance grade (4000 rpm) Glossiness (GU, 20°) <![CDATA[Volume density (g / cm 3 ).]]> Example 1 Level 6 Level 4 84 1.79 Example 2 Level 6 Level 4 85 1.88 Example 3 Level 6 Level 4 88 1.76 Comparative Example 1 Level 4 Level 4 82 2.17 Comparative Example 2 Level 5 Level 4 81 2.05 Comparative Example 3 Level 4 Level 3 80 1.81 Comparative Example 4 Level 4 Level 4 75 1.78 Comparative Example 5 Level 4 Level 3 72 1.85

[0076] As can be seen from Table 1, the high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles prepared in this application not only have a high Mohs hardness, but also have a significant lightweight feature, which greatly reduces the weight of the brick body. They also have a high wear resistance level and glossiness, and can effectively resist scratches and wear in daily use, ensuring that the surface integrity and beauty can be maintained after long-term use. They have broad application prospects and market value.

[0077] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Mix the composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene and ball-mill until D 50 The particle size is 2-3 μm, and the green body powder is obtained; Step 2: Pressing the green body powder into a green body, applying a base glaze, inkjet printing, pouring a transition glaze and a high-transparency wear-resistant glaze on the green body to obtain a brick; Step 3: Drying, firing, and composite polishing the bricks prepared in step 2 to obtain high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles.

2. The method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the mass ratio of the composite high-alumina mud, expanded perlite, nano-zirconia and graphene is 60-75:22-38:1-3:0.5-2; the composite high-alumina mud is composed of high-alumina mud and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 8-10:1-3; the A2O3 content in the high-alumina mud is 60-80wt%.

3. The method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base glaze raw materials in step 2 include: potassium feldspar 25-35%, nano zirconium oxide 1-3%, SnO2 2-4%, kaolin 5-10%, and the base glaze specific gravity is 1.85-1.95g / cm 3 , glaze application amount is 120-180g / m 2 .

4. The method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the inkjet printing adopts any one or a combination of oil-based inkjet, water-based penetrating inkjet, roller printing and sunken inkjet; the ink layer thickness is 10-30 μm, and after inkjet printing, it is dried at 80-120° C. for 10-15 minutes. After drying, the ink penetration depth is ≥0.3 mm.

5. The method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the transition glaze in step 2 include: 15-18% feldspar, 18-22% quartz, 12-18% kaolin, 6-9% zinc oxide, 4-7% aluminum oxide, and 8-11% borax. The specific gravity of the transition glaze is 1.25-1.52 g / cm 3 , glaze application amount is 80-150g / m 2 .

6. The method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze in step 2 include: 20-28% frit, 5-12% potassium feldspar, 10-12% burned talc, 10-12% quartz, 15-18% borosilicate glass powder, 0.8-1.2% lanthanum oxide, and 4-6% zinc oxide. The specific gravity of the high-transmittance wear-resistant glaze is 1.35-1.58 g / cm 3 , glaze application amount is 280-350g / m 2 .

7. The method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mineral composition of the frit is: 25-35% potassium feldspar, 20-25% quartz, 10-18% barium carbonate, 8-15% raw talc, and 15-20% crude alumina. The frit is prepared by mixing potassium feldspar, quartz, barium carbonate, raw talc, and crude alumina, keeping the mixture at 800-1000° C. for 20-30 minutes, heating the mixture to 1300-1500° C., keeping the mixture at this temperature for 2-4 hours, fully melting the mixture, and then quenching the mixture.

8. The method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the firing adopts gradient temperature control: heating to 300-600°C at a heating rate of 5-8°C / min, keeping warm for 10-15 minutes, heating to 700-1000°C at a heating rate of 10-12°C / min, keeping warm for 20-25 minutes, while maintaining the oxygen content in the kiln at 8-12%, heating to 1000-1150°C at a heating rate of 10-12°C / min, and keeping warm for 20-30 minutes.

9. The method for preparing high-gloss lightweight glazed tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite polishing process in step 3 is as follows: first, rough polishing is performed with a resin-based elastic grinding block, with a polishing amount of 0.05-0.1 mm, and a diamond grinding wheel, with a polishing amount of 0.03-0.05 mm; and finally, polishing is performed with a ceramic polishing liquid, with a polishing pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa, a polishing liquid flow rate of 50-80 mL / min, and a polishing amount of 0.05-0.1 mm.

10. A high-gloss lightweight glazed tile prepared by the preparation process according to any one of claims 1 to 9.