Molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for hot chamber and method for recycling uranium metal in spent fuel through molten salt electrolytic refining

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal through a molten liquid electrolytic method, in particular to molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for a hot chamber and a method for recovering uranium metal in spent fuel through molten salt electrolytic refining. The cathode and cathode transfer device is used for transferring the cathode into the electrolytic heating device or transferring the cathode away from the electrolytic heating device; the anode and anode transfer device is used for transferring the anode into the electrolytic heating device or transferring the anode away from the electrolytic heating device; the electrolytic product scraping and collecting device is used for carrying out scraping treatment on the cathode and collecting scraped objects; the electrolytic heating device moving assembly is used for enabling the electrolytic heating device to be moved to the hoisting station; and the cathode conductive device is connected with the cathode so as to electrify the cathode. According to the device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the electrolytic reaction can be continuously carried out, and the treatment requirement of the spent fuel is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by molten liquid electrolysis, and more particularly to a molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for a hot cell and a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Spent fuel refers to nuclear fuel that has been used in a reactor for a period of time and contains nuclides that can be recycled. This fuel is usually recycled and processed.

[0004] Currently, molten salt electrorefining is a common method for spent fuel recycling. This method primarily involves dissolving radionuclides in the spent fuel in the molten salt through an electrolytic reaction, which then precipitates out from the cathode. The cathode precipitates are then recovered. However, current industrial molten salt electrorefining equipment is insufficient for this type of spent fuel treatment, necessitating further modification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A brief overview of the present application is provided below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify key or important portions of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is simply to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be discussed later.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for a hot chamber, which includes: an electrolytic heating device, the electrolytic heating device is used to accommodate molten salt, the molten salt is used to provide a medium for the electrolysis of spent fuel, and the molten salt is melted before electrolysis; a cathode and a cathode transport device, the cathode is detachably fixed to the cathode transport device, the cathode transport device transports the cathode to the electrolytic heating device, and after the electrolysis is completed, the cathode is transported away from the electrolytic heating device; an anode and an anode transport device, the anode is detachably fixed to the anode transport device, the anode transport device transports the anode to the electrolytic heating device, and after the electrolysis is completed After electrolysis is completed, the anode is transported away from the electrolysis heating device, and the spent fuel is set in the anode; the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, the cathode transport device transports the cathode to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device scrapes the cathode, collects the scrapings, and transports the scrapings to the next process; the electrolysis heating device moving component, the electrolysis heating device is set on the electrolysis heating device moving component so that the electrolysis heating device can be moved to the lifting station; the cathode conductive device, when the cathode is set in the electrolysis heating device, is configured to be connected to the cathode conductive device to energize the cathode.

[0007] The embodiments of the present application arrange the electrolysis heating device, cathode and cathode transport device, anode and anode transport device, electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, electrolysis heating device moving assembly and cathode conductive device in the hot chamber, so that the entire electrolysis reaction can be operated in a low-water-oxygen sealed atmosphere, thereby avoiding the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the oxidation of the electrolytically precipitated products, thereby reducing the probability of problems occurring in the electrolysis process, so that the electrolysis reaction can be carried out continuously and meet the needs of spent fuel treatment; the electrolysis heating device moving assembly is used to move the electrolysis heating device to the lifting station, which can facilitate the maintenance of the electrolysis device and does not require the participation of operators, with a high degree of automation; at the same time, the cathode and anode are transported respectively by the cathode transport device and the anode transport device, which can further improve the degree of automation of the electrolysis process.

[0008] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining, which is achieved by electrolyzing the spent fuel using the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment of the embodiment of the present application, and includes the following steps: S1, setting the working environment of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment to an inert gas atmosphere and the inert gas meets the preset gas atmosphere requirements, wherein the working environment is subjected to radiation-resistant protection treatment; S2, transporting the molten salt for electrolysis to the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S3, heating the molten salt and maintaining the molten salt in a liquid state; S4 , loading the spent fuel into the anode in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S5, inserting the anode loaded with spent fuel into the reaction space of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S6, immersing the cathode in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment in the molten salt; S7, turning on the power supply of the anode and cathode to start the electrolysis reaction; S8, after the electrolysis reaction is completed, cutting off the power supply and transferring the cathode to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment to scrape the electrolysis product on the cathode using the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device; S9, collecting the electrolysis product on the cathode, the electrolysis product is uranium metal including molten salt.

[0009] These and other advantages of the present application will become more apparent through the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] To further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the present application, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, together with the detailed description below, are incorporated into and form a part of this specification. Elements with the same function and structure are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that these drawings depict only typical examples of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 3 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of the anode and anode transfer device of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anode of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 5 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable assembly of an electrolytic heating device of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed component in the moving component of the electrolytic heating device shown;

[0017] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a cathode conductive device in a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the cover and the pickup member of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a fixed connection member of an electrolytic heating device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 10 1 is a flow chart of a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 10. Electrolytic heating device; 111. Second clearance groove; 12. Electrolytic heating frame; 13. Temperature measuring element; 14. Cover; 141. Anode insertion hole; 142. Cathode insertion hole; 143. Temperature measuring hole; 144. First clearance groove; 15. Pickup element; 151. Pickup portion; 152. Reinforcement portion; 16. Sealing element; 17. Positioning element; 18. Fixed connector; 181. Connecting body; 182. Operating body; 183. Fixing portion;

[0024] 20. cathode; 21. first cathode body; 22. second cathode body; 221. clamping fitting portion; 23. cathode support portion;

[0025] 30. Cathode transport device; 31. Transport assembly; 311. First transport member; 312. Second transport member; 313. Third transport member; 32. Transport connector; 33. Rotary drive member; 331. Cathode transport clamp; 332. Rotary drive member; 34. Cathode transport frame; 341. First cathode transport rack; 342. Second cathode transport rack;

[0026] 40. Anode; 41. Anode basket; 42. First anode support; 43. Second anode support; 44. Feeding unit; 45. Stirring unit;

[0027] 50. Anode transfer device;

[0028] 60. Electrolysis product scraping and collecting device;

[0029] 70. Moving assembly of electrolytic heating device; 71. Driving member; 711. Driving portion; 712. Connecting portion; 72. Support member; 721. First supporting portion; 722. Second supporting portion;

[0030] 723, fixing assembly; 7231, fixing member; 7232, operating connecting member; 72321, connecting portion; 72322, operating portion; 72323, operating matching portion; 7233, elastic member; 73, follower; 731, follower; 732, matching portion; 74, electrolytic heating mounting member;

[0031] 80. Cathode conductive device; 81. Conductive member; 811. First conductive part; 812. Second conductive part; 813. Moving part; 8131. Moving track; 8132. Moving mounting member; 814. Insulating member; 815. Mounting connector; 8161. Conductive driving member; 8162. Driving connecting member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the process of developing any such actual implementation in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as meeting those constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. In addition, it should be understood that although the development work may be very complex and time-consuming, it is a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0033] It is also necessary to explain here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, the accompanying drawings only show the device structure and / or processing steps that are closely related to the solution according to the present application, while other details that are not closely related to the present application are omitted.

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by persons having ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, “multiple” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] The inventors of this application discovered that when using molten salt electrorefining equipment to electrolyze spent fuel, the molten salt easily absorbs water, which degrades its performance as a medium. Furthermore, the spent fuel is also radioactive. Therefore, when electrolyzing spent fuel, the molten salt electrorefining equipment must be capable of processing high-burnup, highly radioactive spent fuel in a high-temperature molten salt medium, and the processes involved in the electrolysis must be performed in a radioactive environment. Therefore, the requirements for molten salt electrorefining equipment are relatively high, and existing molten salt electrorefining equipment cannot meet the requirements for spent fuel processing.

[0037] In response to the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for a hot chamber. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include an electrolytic heating device 10 , a cathode 20 and a cathode transport device 30 , an anode 40 and an anode transport device 50 , an electrolytic product scraping and collecting device 60 , an electrolytic heating device moving assembly 70 , and a cathode conductive device 80 .

[0038] The electrolysis heating device 10 may be used to contain molten salt, which is used to provide a medium for the electrolysis of spent fuel. The molten salt is melted before electrolysis.

[0039] The cathode 20 and the cathode transport device 30 , the cathode 20 is detachably fixed to the cathode transport device 30 , the cathode transport device 30 transports the cathode 20 into the electrolytic heating device 10 , and after the electrolysis is completed, the cathode 20 is transported away from the electrolytic heating device 10 .

[0040] The anode 40 and the anode transport device 50 are detachably fixed to the anode transport device 50 . The anode transport device 50 transports the anode 40 into the electrolytic heating device 10 . After the electrolysis is completed, the anode 40 is transported away from the electrolytic heating device 10 , and the spent fuel is set in the anode 40 .

[0041] The electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60, the cathode transport device 30 can transport the cathode 20 to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60, the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60 can scrape the cathode 20, collect the scrapings, and transport the scrapings to the next process.

[0042] The electrolytic heating device moving assembly 70 , on which the electrolytic heating device 10 is disposed, enables the electrolytic heating device 10 to be moved to a hoisting station.

[0043] The cathode conductive device 80 is configured to be connected to the cathode conductive device 80 when the cathode 20 is disposed in the electrolytic heating device 10 so as to energize the cathode 20 .

[0044] The embodiment of the present application arranges the electrolysis heating device 10, the cathode 20 and the cathode transfer device 30, the anode 40 and the anode transfer device 50, the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60, the electrolysis heating device moving assembly 70 and the cathode conductive device 80 in the hot chamber, so that the entire electrolysis reaction can be operated in a low-water-oxygen sealed atmosphere, thereby avoiding the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the oxidation of the electrolytically precipitated products, thereby reducing the probability of problems occurring in the electrolysis process, so that the electrolysis reaction can be carried out continuously and meet the requirements for spent fuel treatment; the electrolysis heating device moving assembly 70 is used to move the electrolysis heating device 10 to the lifting station, which can facilitate the maintenance of the electrolysis device and does not require the participation of operators, with a high degree of automation; at the same time, the cathode 20 and the anode 40 are transported respectively by the cathode transfer device 30 and the anode transfer device 50, which can further improve the degree of automation of the electrolysis process.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cathode structure of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the cathode 20 may include a first cathode body 21 and a second cathode body 22. The first cathode body 21 may be used for conducting electricity, and the second cathode body 22 may be used for conducting electricity and providing an attachment space for electrolysis products generated by the electrolysis reaction.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first cathode body 21 and the second cathode body 22 are detachably connected to facilitate replacement of the second cathode body 22 and reuse of the first cathode body 21 .

[0047] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, a clamping fitting portion 221 is formed on the second cathode body 22 of the cathode 20 , and the second cathode body 22 is connected to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60 via the clamping fitting portion 221 , so that the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60 can scrape the cathode 20 .

[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anode and anode transfer device of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anode of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 as well as Figure 4As shown, the anode 40 may include an anode basket 41, a first anode support 42 extending along the direction of the anode basket 41, and a second anode support 43 extending perpendicular to the direction of the anode basket 41. The anode basket 41 contains spent fuel. The first anode support 42 extends within the anode basket 41 and is fixedly connected to the second anode support 43. The second anode support 43 is disposed at the bottom of the anode basket 41. The first anode support 42 and the second anode support 43 enable the anode basket 41 to stably hold the spent fuel.

[0049] In some embodiments, the anode 40 may further include a feeding portion 44 disposed on the anode basket 41. Exemplarily, the feeding portion 44 is shaped like a trumpet. The trumpet-shaped opening of the feeding portion 44 improves feeding efficiency and effectively prevents spent fuel from being delivered to the outside of the anode basket 41.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 A stirring portion 45 is formed on the outside of the anode basket 41 so that when the anode basket 41 rotates, the stirring portion 45 stirs the molten salt. The stirring action of the stirring portion 45 can make the components of the molten salt evenly distributed, which is conducive to the electrolysis reaction.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first anode support 42 is formed as a hollow member, and the hollow member is in fluid communication with the exterior of the anode 40, so that the molten salt can enter the interior of the first anode support 42. This increases the contact area between the molten salt and the spent fuel, facilitating the electrolysis reaction.

[0052] In some embodiments, Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the moving assembly of the electrolytic heating device of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the electrolytic heating device moving assembly 70 may include a driving member 71, a supporting member 72, and a driven member 73. The driving member 71 may include a driving portion 711 and a driving connection portion 712. The driving connection portion 712 is fixedly connected to the electrolytic heating device 10. The driving portion 711 is fixedly disposed on the supporting member 72 and is used to drive the driving connection portion 712 to move.

[0053] In some embodiments, the follower 73 may include a follower portion 731 and a mating portion 732, wherein the mating portion 732 is fixedly disposed on the support member 72; the follower portion 731 is fixedly disposed on the electrolytic heating device 10, and when the driving connection portion 712 drives the electrolytic heating device 10 to move, it can move along the mating portion 732.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, the electrolytic heating device 10 can be moved without the intervention of an operator through the mutual cooperation between the driving member 71, the supporting member 72 and the driven member 73, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically moving the electrolytic heating device 10 to the hoisting station.

[0055] In some embodiments, the driving member 71 may be a motor. One end of the driving connection portion 712 may be fixedly connected to the electrolytic heating device 10, and the other end may be connected to the screw of the motor, so that the driving connection portion 712 can move along the screw under the drive of the motor.

[0056] In some embodiments, the driven portion 731 may be a slider, and the mating portion 732 may be a chute. One end of the slider is fixedly mounted on the electrolytic heating device 10, and the other end is slidably mounted on the chute. When the driving connection portion 712 drives the electrolytic heating device 10 to move, the slider can move along the chute.

[0057] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device moving assembly 70 may include an electrolytic heating mounting member 74 for mounting the electrolytic heating device 10. One end of the driving connection portion 712 and one end of the driven portion 731 may be fixedly connected to the electrolytic heating mounting member 74, respectively, so as to drive the electrolytic heating mounting member 74 to move, thereby driving the electrolytic heating device 10 to move.

[0058] In some embodiments, the support member 72 may include a first support portion 721, a second support portion 722, and a fixing assembly 723. The first support portion 721 is fixedly connected to the second support portion 722 via the fixing assembly 723, and the fixing assembly 723 is configured to be remotely operated. The driving portion 711 and the mating portion 732 are fixedly disposed on the first support portion 721.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, the driving portion 711 and the matching portion 732 are fixedly arranged on the first support portion 721, and then the first support portion 721 is fixedly connected to the second support portion 722 through the fixing component 723, thereby facilitating the overall disassembly and assembly of the driving portion 711, the matching portion 732 and the first support portion 721 for maintenance thereof; at the same time, the fixing component 723 is configured to be remotely operated, which is conducive to the operation of the robot, thereby reducing the involvement of the operator and improving safety.

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed component in the moving component of the electrolytic heating device is shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the fixing assembly 723 may include a fixing member 7231 , an operating connection member 7232 and an elastic member 7233 .

[0061] The fixing member 7231 is configured to be fixedly connected to the first support portion 721; the operating connection member 7232 passes through the fixing member 7231; the operating connection member 7232 may include a connecting portion 72321 and an operating portion 72322, the operating portion 72322 is configured to be remotely operated, and the connecting portion 72321 is configured to be fixedly connected to the second support portion 722 under the action of the operating portion 72322; the elastic member 7233 is disposed in the fixing member 7231 and is configured to elastically contact the first support portion 721, so as to apply a force to the operating connection member 7232 away from the second support portion 722 when the first support portion 721 and the second support portion 722 are disassembled.

[0062] The embodiment of the present application can facilitate operation by a robot by configuring the fixing assembly 723 to include a fixing part 7231, an operating connection part 7232 and an elastic part 7233. When the first support part 721 and the second support part 722 need to be disassembled, the disassembly can be performed by applying a force to the operating connection part 7232 away from the second support part 722, and the operation is relatively simple.

[0063] In some embodiments, the fixing member 7231 is formed with a through hole, and the operating connection member 7232 can extend into the through hole of the fixing member 7231 to penetrate the fixing member 7231.

[0064] In some embodiments, an operating engagement portion 72323 is formed on the connecting portion 72321 of the operating connector 7232. The size of the operating engagement portion 72323 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through-hole to prevent the operating connector 7232 from passing through the through-hole of the fixing member 7231. The elastic member 7233 is disposed within the fixing member 7231, and both ends of the elastic member 7233 are in elastic contact with the first supporting portion 721 and the operating engagement portion 72323, respectively.

[0065] In some embodiments, the fixing member 7231 is detachably connected to the first support portion 721. For example, the fixing member 7231 can be connected to the first support portion 721 via bolts.

[0066] In some embodiments, the connecting portion 72321 can be connected to the second supporting portion. For example, one end of the connecting portion 72321 away from the operating portion 72322 can be provided with a thread to connect to the second supporting portion 722.

[0067] When connecting the first support part 721 and the second support part 722, the fixing part 7231 can be connected to the first support part 721 by bolts first, and then the connecting part 72321 can be connected to the second support part 722 by screwing the operating part 72322. At this time, the elastic part 7233 will be deformed by the pressure applied to it by the operating matching part 72323.

[0068] When disassembling the first support portion 721 and the second support portion 722, the fixing member 7231 and the first support portion 721 can be disassembled first, and then the operating portion 72322 can be twisted to separate the connecting portion 72321 from the second support portion 722. At this time, the elastic member 7233 can apply a force to the operating matching portion 72323 away from the second support portion 722, thereby popping out the fixing member 7231 and the operating connecting member 7232 as a whole.

[0069] In some embodiments, the cathode conductive device 80 may include a plurality of conductive members 81; the electrolytic heating device 10 may include an electrolytic heating frame 12 and a main body, the main body is arranged on the electrolytic heating frame 12, and the main body is formed with a accommodating cavity for accommodating molten salt; the plurality of conductive members 81 are arranged on the electrolytic heating frame 12 and are arranged to be able to move along the electrolytic heating frame 12; when the cathode 20 moves into the main body, the plurality of conductive members 81 are arranged to move to the position of the cathode 20 and connect to the cathode 20 so that the cathode 20 is connected to the power supply.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, multiple conductive members 81 are arranged to move to the position of the cathode 20 and connected to the cathode 20 so that the cathode 20 is connected to the power supply. There is no need to set up a corresponding conductive device for each cathode 20. The multiple conductive members 81 in the cathode conductive device 80 can be used to connect the multiple cathodes 20 to the power supply, thereby avoiding the complex structure of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment and saving space in the hot chamber.

[0071] In some embodiments, the body may be an electrolytic furnace.

[0072] In some embodiments, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may further include a high-temperature liquid molten salt pump. The electrolytic heating device 10 may be provided with a molten salt inlet and outlet channel connected to the high-temperature liquid molten salt pump to achieve automatic molten salt inlet and outlet.

[0073] In some embodiments, Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the cathode conductive device in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the conductive member 81 may include a first conductive portion 811, a second conductive portion 812, and a movable portion 813. The first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 are configured to be able to approach or move away from each other, so that they can move to the position of the cathode 20 and connect to the cathode 20, or move away from the cathode 20 to disconnect from the cathode 20; the movable portion 813 is configured to drive the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 to move in a direction toward or away from the cathode 20.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, the conductive member 81 is configured to include a first conductive portion 811 , a second conductive portion 812 , and a movable portion 813 , thereby facilitating connecting or disconnecting the cathode 20 from the power supply.

[0075] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 The movable portion 813 may include a movable track 8131 and a movable mounting member 8132. The movable track 8131 is fixedly disposed on the electrolytic heating frame 12. The movable mounting member 8132 may be used for the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812, and drive the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 to move along the movable track 8131, so that the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 can move closer to or farther away from the cathode 20.

[0076] In some embodiments, when the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 are close to each other, the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 can clamp the first cathode body 21 of the cathode 20 so that the cathode is connected to a power source.

[0077] In some embodiments, the conductive member 81 may further include a conductive drive assembly to drive the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 to move closer to or away from each other. The movable mounting member 8132 may also be used to mount the conductive drive assembly.

[0078] In such an embodiment, the conductive driving assembly may include a conductive driving member 8161 and a driving connection member 8162. The first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 may be connected to the conductive driving member 8161 via the driving connection member 8162. For example, the conductive driving member 8161 may be a driving cylinder.

[0079] In some embodiments, the conductive member 81 may further include an insulating member 814 disposed between each conductive portion and the driving connection member 8162 to insulate each conductive portion from the driving connection member 8162 .

[0080] In some embodiments, the conductive member 81 may further include a mounting connector 815 , through which the conductive driving member 8161 may be fixedly connected to the movable mounting member 8132 .

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a partial structural diagram of an electrolytic heating device of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8As shown, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a temperature measuring member 13 and a cover 14. The temperature measuring member 13 may be used to measure the temperature of the body; the cover 14 is used to close the body; the cover 14 is formed with an anode insertion hole 141, a cathode insertion hole 142, and a temperature measuring hole 143. The anode insertion hole 141 is used to allow the anode to be inserted into the accommodating cavity; the cathode insertion hole 142 is used to allow the cathode to be inserted into the accommodating cavity; the temperature measuring hole 143 is used to allow the temperature measuring member 13 to be inserted into the accommodating cavity, and the cover 14 is used to support the anode 40 and the cathode 20.

[0082] The embodiment of the present application can ensure that the cathode 20 can be inserted into the molten salt while preventing the molten salt from volatilizing and flowing from the opening of the accommodating cavity to above the accommodating cavity through the provision of the cover 14, so as to protect the devices above the accommodating cavity from being damaged by the volatiles of the molten salt; at the same time, the cover 14 can support the anode 40 and the cathode 20 so that they can be placed stably, and seal the body.

[0083] In some embodiments, the anode insertion hole 141 may be disposed in a middle region of the cover 14 , and the plurality of cathode insertion holes 142 may be distributed circumferentially along the anode insertion hole 141 .

[0084] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The cathode 20 may further include a cathode support portion 23. The cathode support portion 23 may be provided on the first cathode body 21 to provide support for the cathode 20 when the cathode 20 is inserted into the accommodation cavity through the cathode insertion hole 142.

[0085] In some embodiments, the cover 14 is configured to be connected to an inert gas to provide an inert gas environment for the body.

[0086] In order to provide a heat insulation effect, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a heat insulation member. The heat insulation member is disposed on the upper portion of the cover 14 to block the molten salt and heat radiation in the body.

[0087] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 further includes a protective member and an electrolytic insulating member. The electrolytic insulating member is disposed between the protective member and the body, and the protective member is disposed outside the body to ensure that the substance in the body does not spread due to leakage caused by corrosion.

[0088] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 further includes a heating element, which is disposed on the protective element and is used to heat the protective element. The protective element heats the body to melt the molten salt in the body.

[0089] In some embodiments, the heating element forms different heating zones along the vertical extension of the body, and controls different heating temperatures for different heating zones. This facilitates forming different temperature gradients along the vertical direction of the body, allowing the molten salt to remain molten while preventing the molten salt in the upper portion of the body from becoming too hot and evaporating to the outside of the body through the opening of the body.

[0090] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 The electrolytic heating device 10 further includes a picking member 15, which can be disposed in the body so that the electrolysis product falling off the cathode 20 falls into the picking member 15. The picking member 15 can also pick up other objects that fall into the body.

[0091] In some embodiments, the picking member 15 is detachably connected to the cover 14 to facilitate the transfer of the electrolytic products picked up by the picking member 15 or other objects that fall into the main body.

[0092] Refer again Figure 8 The picking member 15 may include a picking portion 151 and a reinforcing portion 152. The reinforcing portion 152 is fixedly connected to the picking portion 151, and the appearance of the reinforcing portion 152 after being fixedly connected to the picking portion 151 is similar to that of the main body, and the two are close in size, so that when the picking member 15 is placed in the molten salt in the main body, no other structure is required, and the picking member 15 can be stably maintained in the molten salt.

[0093] In some embodiments, the picking portion 151 may be a tray.

[0094] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 The electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a seal 16, which is used to seal the cover 14 and the temperature measuring element 13 when the temperature measuring element 13 is inserted into the body, so as to prevent the molten salt from volatilizing and ensure that the measurement result of the temperature measuring element 13 is relatively accurate.

[0095] In some embodiments, there are multiple seals 16 , and the seals 16 are also used to seal the cover 14 and the body of the electrolytic heating device 10 to prevent the molten salt from volatilizing.

[0096] In some embodiments, the sealing member 16 may be a clamp or a quick connector.

[0097] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a positioning member 17 , which is disposed on the main body. A positioning hole is formed on the cover 14 , and the positioning member 17 is configured to be inserted into the positioning hole to position the cover 14 .

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the cooperation between the positioning member 17 and the positioning hole facilitates the quick and accurate closing of the cover 14 .

[0099] In some embodiments, the positioning member 17 may be a positioning pin.

[0100] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a fixed connector 18, which is configured to be in a first connection state and a second connection state, respectively. When the fixed connector 18 is in the first connection state, the cover 14 and the main body can be connected; when the fixed connector 18 is in the second connection state, the cover 14 and the main body can be disassembled.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present application, the connection between the cover 14 and the main body can be made stronger by fixing the connecting piece 18 , and it is also more convenient to disassemble the cover 14 and the main body.

[0102] In some embodiments, Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed connection member of the electrolytic heating device according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 As shown, the fixed connector 18 may include a connecting body 181, an operating body 182, and a fixing portion 183. The connecting body 181 and the operating body 182 are detachably connected, and the operating body 182 is configured to be remotely operated. The connecting body 181 and the fixing portion 183 are rotatably connected. The fixing portion 183 can be fixedly disposed on the body.

[0103] In some embodiments, the connection body 181 and the operating body 182 may be threadedly connected.

[0104] In some embodiments, the cover 14 is formed with a first clearance groove 144, and the main body is formed with a second clearance groove 111. The first clearance groove 144 provides rotational space for the connecting body 181, and the second clearance groove 111 provides installation space for the fixing portion 183. When the connecting body 181 and the operating body 182 are in the connected state, the operating body 182 can be used to slide the connecting body 181 into the first clearance groove 144, that is, the operating body 182 is used to set the connecting body 181 in the first connected state, thereby connecting the cover 14 and the main body.

[0105] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The cathode transport device 30 may include a transport assembly 31, a transport connector 32, a rotary drive 33, and a cathode transport frame 34. The transport assembly 31 is configured to enable the cathode 20 to move in multiple directions, with any two of the multiple directions being perpendicular to each other. The rotary drive 33 is connected to the transport assembly 31 via the transport connector 32, and the rotary drive 33 is capable of driving the cathode 20 to rotate. The cathode transport frame 34 is composed of rod-shaped members extending in mutually perpendicular directions and fixedly connected to each other, and the transport assembly 31 is disposed on the cathode transport frame 34.

[0106] The embodiment of the present application can realize the transportation of the cathode 20 in multiple directions through the mutual cooperation between the transfer component 31, the transfer connector 32, the rotating drive component 33 and the cathode transfer frame 34, which is highly practical and has a high degree of automation.

[0107] In some embodiments, the rotary driving member 33 may include a cathode transport clamping portion 331 and a rotary driving portion 332 .

[0108] The cathode transport clamping portion 331 can be used to clamp the cathode 20. The rotation driving portion 332 can be used to drive the cathode transport clamping portion 331 to rotate, thereby driving the cathode 20 to rotate.

[0109] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The transfer component 31 may include a first transfer member 311 , a second transfer member 312 and a third transfer member 313 ; the cathode transfer frame 34 may include a first cathode transfer rack 341 and a second cathode transfer rack 342 .

[0110] The first transport member 311 is arranged on the first cathode transport rack 341; the second transport member 312 is arranged on the second cathode transport rack 342 and is perpendicular to the first transport member 311. The second transport member 312 is arranged to be movable relative to the first transport member 311 so that the cathode 20 can move in a direction close to or away from the electrolytic heating device 10, and during the movement of the second transport member 312, the second cathode transport rack 342 follows the second transport member 312 to move; the third transport member 313 is arranged to be perpendicular to the second transport member 312, and the third transport member 313 is arranged to be movable relative to the second transport member 312 so that the cathode 20 can move in a direction close to or away from the first transport member 311.

[0111] The rotary driving member 33 is connected to the third transfer member 313 via the transfer connecting member 32 , and the transfer connecting member 32 is configured to be movable relative to the third transfer member 313 .

[0112] The embodiment of the present application can more conveniently drive the cathode 20 to move in multiple directions through the first transport member 311, the second transport member 312 and the third transport member 313; the first transport member 311 and the second transport member 312 are respectively arranged on the first cathode transport frame 341 and the second cathode transport frame 342, which is conducive to the cathode 20 to remain stable during the movement.

[0113] The working principle of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the molten salt is melted in the body of the electrolytic heating device 10, and then the spent fuel is loaded into the anode basket 41 of the anode 40, and the cathode 20 is a metal solid cathode; the cathode 20 and the anode 40 are immersed in the molten salt using the cathode transfer device 30 and the anode transfer device 50, and the cathode 20 is connected to the power supply using the cathode conductive device 80. After the power is turned on for electrolysis, the spent fuel can be dissolved from the anode 40 into the molten salt by controlling the magnitude of the current and potential, and deposited on the cathode 20 through the transportation of the molten salt; when the electrolysis product (dendrite) deposited on the cathode 20 reaches a certain amount, the cathode 20 is taken out, and the cathode 20 is scraped using the electrolysis product scraping and collection device 60, and the scrapings are collected and transferred to the next link.

[0114] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining. The method can be implemented by electrolyzing the spent fuel using molten salt electrolytic refining equipment. Figure 10 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 As shown, the method may include the following steps S1 to S9.

[0115] S1. Setting the working environment of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment to an inert gas atmosphere and the inert gas meeting the preset gas atmosphere requirements, wherein the working environment has been subjected to radiation-resistant protection treatment.

[0116] S2. The molten salt used for electrolysis is transported to the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment.

[0117] S3. Heating the molten salt and maintaining the molten salt in a liquid state.

[0118] S4. Loading the spent fuel into the anode 40 in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment.

[0119] S5. Inserting the anode 40 containing the spent fuel into the reaction space of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment.

[0120] S6. Immerse the cathode 20 in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment in molten salt.

[0121] S7. Turn on the power supply of the anode 40 and the cathode 20 to start the electrolysis reaction.

[0122] S8. After the electrolysis reaction is completed, the power supply is cut off and the cathode 20 is transferred to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60 in the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment to scrape the electrolysis product on the cathode 20 using the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60.

[0123] S9. Collect the electrolysis products on the cathode 20. The electrolysis products are uranium metal including molten salt.

[0124] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application starts the electrolysis reaction by inserting the anode 40 containing spent fuel in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment into the reaction space and connecting the power supply in an inert gas atmosphere. After the electrolysis reaction is completed, the cathode 20 in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment is transferred to the electrolysis product scraping and collection device 60 to scrape and collect the electrolysis products on the cathode 20 so as to subsequently extract uranium metal from the electrolysis products. The entire recovery process is carried out in an inert atmosphere, and the entire electrolysis reaction can be operated in a low-water and oxygen sealed atmosphere, which is conducive to preventing the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the electrolysis products precipitated by electrolysis from being oxidized, so as to ensure the recovery efficiency of uranium metal, thereby meeting the requirements for the treatment of spent fuel. At the same time, no operator participation is required in the recovery process, and the degree of automation is high.

[0125] The method for recovering uranium metal in spent fuel provided in the embodiments of the present application can be carried out in a hot chamber.

[0126] In some embodiments, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include an electrolytic heating device 10 to heat the molten salt and maintain the heated molten salt in a liquid state. In step S2, the molten salt for electrolysis may be transported to the electrolytic heating device 10 of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment.

[0127] In some embodiments, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include a high-temperature liquid molten salt pump. The electrolytic heating device 10 may be provided with a molten salt inlet and outlet channel connected to the high-temperature liquid molten salt pump to achieve automatic molten salt inlet and outlet.

[0128] In some embodiments, in step S3, heating the molten salt may include: heating the molten salt in different heating stages, wherein the heating temperatures set in different heating stages are different.

[0129] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application heats the molten salt in different heating stages, which can avoid the formation of temperature gradients, thereby facilitating a more uniform heating temperature in each region of the molten salt.

[0130] In some embodiments, in step S3, heating the molten salt may also include: setting different heating temperatures for different areas in the reaction space, so as to facilitate the formation of different temperature gradients in the extension direction of the reaction space, so that the molten salt can maintain a molten state while avoiding the molten salt temperature in the upper part of the body being too high and volatilizing to the outside of the body through the opening of the body.

[0131] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 may include a body and a cover 14 , wherein the body forms a cavity in which the molten salt is disposed, the cover 14 is connected to the body, and the cover 14 is provided with a matching groove, through which the cathode 20 is inserted into the cavity.

[0132] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 may form different heating areas along the extension direction of its body, and different heating temperatures may be set for different heating areas.

[0133] In some embodiments, step S1 may further include: S11: continuously evacuating the working environment; S12: continuously filling the working environment with inert gas, which helps prevent leakage of radioactive substances.

[0134] In some embodiments, step S12 may include: during the process of filling the inert gas, detecting the water and oxygen content in the working environment, and determining that the water and oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirements to ensure that subsequent electrolysis operations can be carried out in the preset gas atmosphere, thereby further preventing the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the electrolysis products precipitated by the electrolysis from being oxidized.

[0135] In some embodiments, determining whether the water and oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirements may include: determining the amount of inert gas to be injected based on the water and oxygen content in the working environment so that the water and oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirements.

[0136] In some embodiments, step S11 may include: purifying the inert gas extracted from the working environment during the process of evacuating the working environment, so as to refill the purified inert gas into the working environment.

[0137] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application can avoid waste of inert gas and reduce resource consumption by purifying the inert gas extracted from the working environment and re-filling the purified inert gas into the working environment.

[0138] In some embodiments, before step S4, the process may further include: weighing the spent fuel so that the spent fuel is loaded into the anode 40 in a predetermined amount. This helps ensure that the spent fuel loaded into the anode 40 can be fully immersed in the molten salt, thereby avoiding the situation where part of the spent fuel does not undergo electrolysis reaction.

[0139] In some embodiments, in step S4 , during the process of loading the spent fuel into the anode 40 , the spent fuel is loaded in a manner that increases its stacking density, which is conducive to dense stacking of the spent fuel in the anode 40 .

[0140] In some embodiments, the charging process may be performed while vibrating so that the spent fuel can be fully immersed in the liquid charging molten salt.

[0141] In some embodiments, step S4 may include: classifying the spent fuel according to its specifications; and determining the order in which the spent fuel is loaded into the anode 40 according to different classifications, so as to achieve a high stacking density of the spent fuel.

[0142] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application first classifies the spent fuel according to its specifications and then determines the order in which the spent fuel is loaded into the anode 40 , which is conducive to achieving a high stacking density of the spent fuel so that the spent fuel is densely stacked in the anode 40 .

[0143] In some embodiments, the spent fuel may be classified according to the size of the spent fuel. When the spent fuel is loaded into the anode 40 , the spent fuel with larger size is loaded first, and then the spent fuel with smaller size is loaded.

[0144] In some embodiments, step S8 may include: lifting the cathode 20 out of the molten salt and standing it for a predetermined time to avoid dripping of the molten salt liquid, thereby helping to avoid contamination caused by the molten salt liquid and ensuring sufficient recovery of uranium metal.

[0145] In some embodiments, step S7 may include: during the electrolysis process, first using a first predetermined current for electrolysis; then, using a second predetermined current for electrolysis; then, using a third predetermined current for electrolysis; wherein the first predetermined current is smaller than the second predetermined current, and the third predetermined current is smaller than the first predetermined current.

[0146] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application sequentially uses the first predetermined current, the second predetermined current, and the third predetermined current for electrolysis, which is beneficial to uranium metal separation and is beneficial to improving the efficiency of obtaining electrolysis products.

[0147] In some embodiments, the first predetermined current is 200A, the second predetermined current is 700A, and the third predetermined current is 100A.

[0148] In some embodiments, the predetermined current may include multiple current values. For example, the second predetermined current may include multiple current values ​​with gradually increasing currents, with the final current value increasing to 700A.

[0149] In such an embodiment, electrolysis is first performed at a current of 100 A for 2 hours to improve the density of the structure of the obtained electrolysis product; then, electrolysis is performed at a current gradually increased from 200 A, 300 A, 500 A to 700 A for 10 minutes to ensure safety during the current increase process; then, electrolysis is continued at a current of 700 A for a first predetermined working time to ensure the precipitation efficiency of the electrolysis product; then, electrolysis is continued at a current of 200 A for a second predetermined working time to slowly collect the electrolysis product.

[0150] In some embodiments, in step S9, the cathode 20 set in the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60 is processed using a tool in the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60; wherein, processing the cathode 20 may include: determining the tool feed stroke and the speed of axial movement along the cathode 20 according to the shape and size of the precipitate on the cathode 20; determining the rotation speed of the cathode 20 according to the tool feed stroke and the speed of axial movement along the cathode 20.

[0151] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application determines the tool feed stroke and the speed of axial movement along the cathode 20 according to the shape and size of the precipitates on the cathode 20, so as to ensure that the tool fully scrapes the precipitates on the cathode 20 to achieve a better scraping effect. Then, the rotation speed of the cathode 20 is determined according to the tool feed stroke and the speed of axial movement along the cathode 20, so that the cathode 20 can also rotate during the process of the tool scraping the precipitates, thereby further improving the scraping effect and efficiency of the precipitates.

[0152] In some embodiments, the rotation speed of the cathode 20, the stroke of the tool feed, and the speed of the tool moving along the axial direction of the cathode 20 satisfy the following expression (1):

[0153]

[0154] Wherein, n represents the rotation speed; d represents the distance from the point where the tool contacts the precipitate on the cathode 20 to the rotation center of the cathode 20; a p represents the tool feed stroke; v represents the speed of the tool moving along the axial direction of the cathode 20.

[0155] The rotation speed of the cathode 20 can be determined relatively accurately and quickly using the above expression (1).

[0156] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0157] The above description is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for a hot chamber, characterized in that: It includes: an electrolysis heating device, the electrolysis heating device being used to contain molten salt, the molten salt being used to provide a medium for electrolysis of spent fuel, the molten salt being melted before electrolysis; a cathode and a cathode transport device, wherein the cathode is detachably fixed to the cathode transport device, and the cathode transport device transports the cathode into the electrolysis heating device, and after the electrolysis is completed, transports the cathode away from the electrolysis heating device; an anode and an anode transport device, wherein the anode is detachably fixed to the anode transport device, and the anode transport device transports the anode into the electrolysis heating device. After electrolysis is completed, the anode is transported away from the electrolysis heating device, and the spent fuel is placed in the anode; an electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, wherein the cathode transporting device transports the cathode to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device scrapes the cathode, collects scrapings, and transports the scrapings to the next process; an electrolytic heating device moving assembly, on which the electrolytic heating device is arranged so as to enable the electrolytic heating device to be moved to a hoisting station; The cathode conductive device is configured to be connected to the cathode conductive device when the cathode is disposed in the electrolytic heating device so as to energize the cathode.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrolytic heating device moving assembly includes a driving member, a supporting member and a driven member. The driving member includes a driving portion and a driving connection portion, wherein the driving connection portion is fixedly connected to the electrolytic heating device, and the driving portion is fixedly arranged on the supporting member and is used to drive the driving connection portion to move; The follower includes a follower portion and a matching portion, wherein the matching portion is fixedly arranged on the support member; the follower portion is fixedly arranged on the electrolytic heating device, and when the driving connection portion drives the electrolytic heating device to move, it can move along the matching portion.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The support member includes a first support portion, a second support portion and a fixing assembly, wherein the first support portion is fixedly connected to the second support portion via the fixing assembly, and the fixing assembly is configured to be remotely operated; The driving portion and the matching portion are fixedly disposed on the first supporting portion.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The fixing assembly includes: a fixing member, an operating connection member, and an elastic member; The fixing member is configured to be fixedly connected to the first supporting portion; The operational connection member passes through the fixing member; The operation connection member includes a connection portion and an operation portion, the operation portion is configured to be remotely operated, and the connection portion is configured to be fixedly connected to the second support portion under the action of the operation portion; The elastic member is disposed in the fixing member and is configured to elastically contact the first supporting portion so as to apply a force to the operating connection member away from the second supporting portion when the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion are detached.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cathode conductive device includes a plurality of conductive members; The electrolytic heating device includes an electrolytic heating frame and a body, wherein the body is arranged on the electrolytic heating frame and is formed with a receiving cavity for receiving the molten salt; The plurality of conductive members are provided on the electrolytic heating frame and are configured to be movable along the electrolytic heating frame; When the cathode moves into the body, the plurality of conductive members are configured to move to the position of the cathode and connect to the cathode so that the cathode is powered on.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The conductive member includes a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion and a moving portion; The first conductive portion and the second conductive portion are arranged to be able to approach or move away from each other, so that they can move to the position of the cathode and connect to the cathode, or move away from the cathode to disconnect from the cathode; The moving portion is configured to drive the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion to move in a direction close to or away from the cathode.

7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The electrolytic heating device also includes a temperature measuring element and a cover; The temperature measuring element is used to measure the temperature of the body; The cover is used to close the body; The cover body is formed with an anode insertion hole, a cathode insertion hole and a temperature measuring hole. The anode insertion hole is used for the anode to be inserted into the accommodating cavity; the cathode insertion hole is used for the cathode to be inserted into the accommodating cavity; the temperature measuring hole is used for the temperature measuring component to be inserted into the accommodating cavity, and the cover body is used to support the anode and the cathode.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The electrolytic heating device further comprises a sealing member, The sealing member is used to seal the cover and the temperature measuring member when the temperature measuring member is inserted into the body.

9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The electrolytic heating device further includes a positioning member, which is arranged on the main body. A positioning hole is formed on the cover, and the positioning member is configured to be inserted into the positioning hole to position the cover.

10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The electrolytic heating device also includes a fixed connection piece, The fixed connector is configured to be in a first connection state and a second connection state respectively. When the fixed connector is in the first connection state, the cover body and the main body can be connected; when the fixed connector is in the second connection state, the cover body and the main body can be disassembled.

11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cathode transport device includes a transport component, a transport connector, a rotary drive component and a cathode transport frame; The transport assembly is configured to enable the cathode to move in multiple directions, and any two of the multiple directions are perpendicular to each other; The rotary drive member is connected to the transport assembly via the transport connector, and the rotary drive member is capable of driving the cathode to rotate; The cathode transport frame is formed by rod-shaped members whose extension directions are perpendicular to each other and fixedly connected to each other, and the transport component is arranged on the cathode transport frame.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that The transport assembly includes a first transport member, a second transport member and a third transport member; the cathode transport frame includes a first cathode transport frame and a second cathode transport frame; The first transport member is disposed on the first cathode transport frame; The second transport member is disposed on the second cathode transport rack and is perpendicular to the first transport member. The second transport member is configured to be movable relative to the first transport member so that the cathode can move in a direction close to or away from the electrolytic heating device. When the second transport member moves, the second cathode transport rack moves following the second transport member. The third transport member is arranged perpendicular to the second transport member, and the third transport member is arranged to be movable relative to the second transport member, so that the cathode can move in a direction close to or away from the first transport member; The rotary drive member is connected to the third transfer member via the transfer connection member, and the transfer connection member is configured to be movable relative to the third transfer member.

13. A method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining, which is achieved by electrolyzing the spent fuel using the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Setting the working environment of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment to an inert gas atmosphere and the inert gas meeting the preset gas atmosphere requirements, wherein the working environment has been subjected to radiation-resistant protection treatment; S2. transporting the molten salt for electrolysis to the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment; S3, heating the molten salt and maintaining the molten salt in a liquid state; S4, loading the spent fuel into the anode of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S5. inserting the anode containing the spent fuel into the reaction space of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S6, immersing the cathode in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment into the molten salt; S7, turning on the power supply of the anode and the cathode to start the electrolysis reaction; S8. After the electrolysis reaction is completed, cutting off the power supply, transferring the cathode to an electrolysis product scraping and collecting device in the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment, and using the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device to scrape off the electrolysis product on the cathode; S9. Collecting the electrolysis product on the cathode, wherein the electrolysis product is uranium metal including the molten salt.

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