Thin plane steel plate free-form surface structure only connected by end points

Abstract

The invention discloses a thin plane steel plate free-form surface structure with only endpoint connection. Firstly, an overall arched free-form surface is determined through parameterized form finding; and then the curved surface is divided into a plurality of triangular or polygonal thin steel plates (preferably 2-8 mm in thickness), only the end points of the adjacent steel plates are connected by adopting welding, bolts or pin shafts and the like, and gaps are kept at the other edges. The formed free-form surface can be self-supported without adding ribs, and the gap has drainage and light transmission functions. Connecting ends are arranged on two sides or the end part of the curved surface and are anchored on a foundation or a building main body; when the foot bridge is used, a pedal can be additionally arranged. The scheme is high in material utilization rate and simple and convenient to assemble, can be widely applied to roofs, facades or landscape structures of residences, bridges and commercial buildings, and has the advantages of light weight, unique visual effect and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a free-curved surface structure of a thin plane steel plate connected only by end points. Background Art

[0002] The invention consists of free-form panels, connecting plates, footboards, reserved gaps, and flat steel plate components, forming a free-form arch bridge. Pedestrians can walk on the arch bridge using the footboards. Existing arch bridges are mostly traditional in design, utilizing the compressive properties of materials to form heavy, traditional arch bridges.

[0003] Traditional arch bridges typically utilize thick masonry or steel / reinforced concrete, ensuring stability through full cross-section compression. These limited shapes and sizes make them difficult to meet modern design requirements for lightweight and free-form surfaces. They cannot be customized parametrically to create free-form forms or thin, artistic bridges. While existing free-form steel structures can be fabricated using CNC cutting and welding, they generally rely on full-edge welding or the addition of ribs and limbs to ensure overall rigidity, resulting in low material efficiency and high fabrication and installation costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new free-form surface construction method based on mechanical form finding, which can significantly reduce the plate thickness and achieve rapid positioning and connection only at the end points, so as to take into account reasonable force, economic lightness and artistic expression. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a free-form surface structure made of thin, flat steel plates connected only at their endpoints. This structure uses parametric shape finding to determine the optimal arched load-bearing surface, which is then divided into multiple thin, flat steel plates. The plates are then welded or bolted together only at their endpoints. This method creates a stable, self-supporting spatial curved surface structure without the need for ribbing, and the addition of functional components such as pedals can be customized based on actual needs.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: comprising a curved panel, a plurality of connecting plates are provided at the inner side of the curved panel, and gaps are provided at adjacent positions of the plurality of connecting plates.

[0007] A free-form surface structure of a thin flat steel plate connected only at its end points, characterized by comprising the following contents: 1) generating a self-supporting free-form surface by form-finding, wherein the cross section of the free-form surface is arched, including convex and concave surfaces, and the interface between the convex and concave surfaces can be a straight line segment or a continuous transition; 2) dividing the free-form surface into a plurality of thin planar steel plates, each thin planar steel plate being triangular or polygonal in shape and having a thickness within a thin plate design range relative to its own planar dimensions; 3) Only the endpoints of adjacent thin flat steel plates are welded or bolted together, and gaps are maintained at the remaining edges to form a continuous self-supporting free-form surface structure.

[0008] Includes the following features, Preferably, the free-form panel structure uses a parametric algorithm to determine a free-form surface that meets the self-supporting stress conditions, and the cross-section of the surface is arched as a whole, including convex and concave surfaces, and the junction of the convex and concave surfaces can be a straight line segment or a continuous transition.

[0009] Preferably, the free-form surface is divided into a number of thin planar steel plates, the plate form is triangular or polygonal, and the thickness meets the thin plate design requirements.

[0010] Preferably, multiple connecting plates are fixedly connected, and are connected only at the end points of adjacent steel plates, such as welding or bolting, and gaps are maintained at the remaining edges. All thin steel plates are connected at the breakpoints to form an overall continuous self-supporting free-form surface.

[0011] Preferably, a connection end can be provided at an outer position of the end of the free-curved panel to anchor the free-curved surface structure to a foundation or a building body, and connected to the curved surface end point or a local reinforced area of ​​the panel surface by welding.

[0012] Preferably, when the structure is used as a pedestrian bridge, a steel pedal can be installed on the walking side of the curved panel, and the pedal is connected to the curved panel by welding or other connection methods.

[0013] Preferably, the curved plate and the foot pedal are respectively made of steel materials and have the characteristics of wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their end points, which has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, a hyperbolic arch bridge structure can be formed by setting up curved panels, connecting plates, footboards, gaps, and flat steel plates, which is convenient for people to walk. It can also be built and expanded to general indoor and outdoor free-form curved surface structures, which can become pedestrian bridges or other curved surface structures. By utilizing the characteristics of parametric design, interesting light and shadow effects can be presented, and rainwater can flow downward through the gaps, without causing water accumulation, and remain dry. The self-supporting free-form curved surface that makes up the bridge deck can be varied in the number and form of connecting plates through parametric design, so that the parameters of the bridge arc surface can be selected by considering the walking comfort of the curved arch and the processing cost of the number of connecting plates of the curved arch. The flat steel plates are only connected at the end points, so gaps can be created in the parts that do not need to be connected, forming special effects such as light and shadow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the curved panel in the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the foot pedal is removed in the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the flat steel plate after enlarging the overlapping area of ​​the connecting plates in the curved panel of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. curved panel; 2. connecting plate; 3. foot pedal; 4. gap; 5. free-form steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Example 1 (pedestrian bridge) The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention provides Figure 1-3 The free-curved surface structure of a thin flat steel plate connected only at its end points comprises a curved plate 1 , a plurality of connecting plates 2 are arranged at the inner side of the curved plate 1 , and gaps 4 are provided at adjacent positions of the plurality of connecting plates 2 .

[0021] In this embodiment, a curved plate 1 composed of a plurality of connecting plates 2 welded by a flat steel plate 5 constitutes a hyperbolic arch bridge, spanning from an indoor elevation of ±0.000m to an outdoor elevation of -0.890m, with the highest point elevation of the middle bridge arch surface +0.370m, a span of 3760mm, and a maximum height difference from the arch top surface to the ground of 1260mm. Between the two connecting plates 2, each side is welded 50mm at both ends, and the middle part that is not welded is ground into a 4mm wide gap, or the connecting plate 2 is made into a 4mm wide gap in the middle. For the part with a larger curvature of the small bridge, four pieces are welded with a width of about 280mm and a thickness of about 10mm. The steel footboard 3 has a thickness of 6mm. Because the bridge body is a free-form surface, any horizontal cross-section is irregular. Therefore, the plane where the footboard intersects the bridge body needs to be made on-site with cardboard to form an irregular outline that intersects the bridge body, and then a steel footboard with the corresponding outline is made and welded to the bridge body to facilitate people walking. The flat steel plate 5 can be a triangle or other shape. There are 60 triangular plates in the bridge body of the small bridge. In addition, the two ends are extended respectively. As the foundation part of the bridge body, one end is buried in the floor surface layer and welded with the embedded parts, and the other end is cast in the concrete foundation. The triangular plates of the extended part are cut by on-site layout.

[0022] like Figure 1-3As shown, multiple connecting plates 2 are fixedly connected, and a flat steel plate 5 is formed at the connection positions of the multiple connecting plates 2. The lower right side of the curved panel 1 has a free curved surface structure, and the cross-section of the curved panel 1 is arched (convex or concave). The intersection of the convex and concave is a straight line, but there are at most two straight lines along the entire length, or there may be no straight line. By utilizing the mechanical principle of arch load-bearing, the most reasonable aesthetic form and force form are found through parameterization. A foot pedal 3 is provided on the outside of the concave structure of the curved panel 1. The foot pedal 3 is connected to the curved panel 1 by welding. Connecting ends can be provided at the external positions of the left and right ends of the curved panel 1, and the connecting ends protrude from the curved panel 1. The curved panel 1 and the foot pedal 3 are respectively made of steel materials and have the characteristics of wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0023] Optionally, the connecting plate 2 of the foundation portion extended at the end of the bridge is the connecting end, one end of which can be fixed in the floor surface layer, and the other end is fixedly cast in the concrete foundation.

[0024] Preferably, the mesh surface constituting the bridge deck can be unfolded into connecting plates 2. Through parametric design, a variable combination range can be formed between the number of connecting plates 2 and the form of the connecting plates 2, so as to consider the parameters of the bridge arc surface by simultaneously considering the walking comfort of the curved arch and the processing cost of the number of connecting plates 2 of the curved arch.

[0025] Alternatively, a thickness of 4-6 mm for all connecting plates 2 can meet structural requirements and provide a comfortable walking experience. If ribs are added to both sides of the bridge, the thickness of the connecting plates 2 can be further reduced.

[0026] Optionally, the connecting plates 2 constituting the curved plate 1 are not limited to a triangular shape, and may also be composed of other shapes.

[0027] Preferably, the design and construction can be extended to general indoor and outdoor curved structures, such as pedestrian bridges or other curved structures. By utilizing the characteristics of parametric design, interesting light and shadow effects can be presented, and rainwater can flow downward through the gaps without causing water accumulation.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The design requirements for the bridge are as follows: Design load: 1. Bridge deck dead load: 6mm steel plate 0.63kN / m 2, railing 1.0kN / m.

[0030] 2. Bridge deck live load: 2.5kN / m 2 .

[0031] 3. Bridge deck wind load: 0.7kN / m 2 .

[0032] 4. The self-weight of the main structure is automatically calculated by the program.

[0033] Example 2 (Indoor Ceiling) The hall's ceiling was parametrically form-finded using the same method. The structure was divided into diamond-shaped thin panels, bolted together only at the endpoints, with a 2mm gap between panels. The structure was suspended from the lower flange of the roof steel beams and secured to the beam webs via end plates welded to the beam webs. Because there were no traffic loads, the panel thickness could be further reduced. The gaps between the panels could be utilized for both light transmission and air supply, eliminating the need for additional openings.

[0034] Note: The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting. Those skilled in the art may make equivalent modifications to the curved surface morphology, plate shape, connection method, etc. without departing from the core concept of the present invention, and all such modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Steel structure engineering: 1. Main materials: All materials should comply with the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" (Article 3.9.2 of GB50011-2010).

[0036] 1) Use Q345B steel, which must comply with the requirements of "Low-Alloy High-Strength Structural Steel" (GB / T1591). The ratio of the measured tensile strength to the measured yield strength must be no less than 1.2. The steel must have a distinct yield step and an elongation greater than 20%. The steel must also have good weldability and acceptable impact toughness. The surface anti-slip coefficient μ at the connection point of the high-strength bolt must be no less than 0.4. 2) The performance of manual welding electrodes must comply with the relevant provisions of GB / T5117 and 5118 respectively. The performance of welding wire and flux used in automatic and semi-automatic welding must comply with the relevant provisions of GB / T5293 and 12470 respectively. E50XX type welding electrodes are used for Q345 steel. Example

[0037] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned structure in residential and commercial buildings, such as being installed in a villa with a large floor height, or being installed in a shopping mall.

[0038] The technical features described in this application refer to the shapes illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and some simple changes can be made. As long as they can achieve the same purpose as this application, technical solutions in this field or similar fields can be used as reference.

[0039] The present invention does not limit the materials of each component. For those skilled in the art, materials well known in the art can be selected, and various connection relationships can refer to technical solutions in the art with similar structures or the same purposes, or the solutions disclosed in the existing documents mentioned in this application.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their ends, characterized in that: Includes the following: 1) generating a self-supporting free-form surface by form-finding, wherein the cross section of the free-form surface is arched, including convex and concave surfaces, and the interface between the convex and concave surfaces can be a straight line segment or a continuous transition; 2) dividing the free-form surface into a plurality of thin planar steel plates, each thin planar steel plate being triangular or polygonal in shape and having a thickness within a thin plate design range relative to its own planar dimensions; 3) Only the endpoints of adjacent thin flat steel plates are welded or bolted together, and gaps are maintained at the remaining edges to form a continuous self-supporting free-form surface structure.

2. The free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their ends according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end points of the flat steel plates are hinged or rigidly connected by welding, bolts and / or pins.

3. The free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their ends according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting end is provided on the outside of the free-form surface, and the connecting end extends outward and is connected and fixed to an external supporting structure.

4. A free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their ends according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gaps retained between the flat steel plates can achieve rainwater drainage and light-transmitting visual effects.

5. The free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their ends according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pedal may be provided on the outside of the structure, and the pedal is fixedly connected to the free-form surface structure by welding.

6. The free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their ends according to claim 5, characterized in that: The whole is composed of thin flat steel plates connected only at the end points and has the connection end and / or gap characteristics as claimed in claim 2 or 3.

7. The free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their ends according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the thin flat steel plate is preferably 2 mm to 8 mm.

8. The free-form surface structure of thin planar steel plates connected only at their end points according to claim 1, wherein: include: A plurality of thin planar steel plates, each of which is triangular or polygonal and connected to each other only at the end points, with gaps remaining at the remaining edges; The overall arched free-form surface determined by parametric shape finding is used to make the thin flat steel plates jointly form a self-supporting spatial surface, and the thickness of the thin flat steel plates is preferably 2 mm-8 mm; the connecting ends located on both sides or ends of the free-form surface are used to fix the free-form surface structure to an external support, and a pedal can be provided on the outside of the structure, and the pedal is fixedly connected to the free-form surface structure by welding.

9. The free-form surface structure of thin flat steel plates connected only at their ends as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: Applications in residential buildings, bridges, and commercial buildings.

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