Marine geological sediment sampling device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine geological sediment sampling device and method, and belongs to the technical field of sampling equipment. The marine geological sediment sampling device comprises a bottom frame, wherein one side of the bottom frame is a containing box, and the other side of the bottom frame is an inserting rod; the power box is arranged in the containing box through a sliding sealing structure, and a power element is installed in the power box. A sampling pipe in transmission connection with the power element, a floating assembly installed on the power box and an air pipe in the power box are installed among the multiple insertion rods, when the pressure in the cavity reaches a set value of a pressure valve, the valve is opened, compressed air is sprayed to stress blades through the air pipe to drive a first sliding ring to rotate, a floating plate rotates synchronously, and auxiliary propulsive force is generated; the propelling direction is consistent with the sinking direction of the device, the function of accelerating sinking is achieved, seawater resistance is effectively resisted, meanwhile, in a shallow sea area or a deep sea area, the overall buoyancy of the device is changed by dynamically adjusting the inflation volume in the floating plate, and the device can be prevented from violently shaking or inclining due to too fast sinking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sampling equipment, and in particular to a marine geological sediment sampling device and method. Background Art

[0002] Marine geological sediments provide a crucial foundation for studying Earth's historical evolution, paleoclimate changes, seafloor resource distribution, and ecological and environmental changes. Sampling and analyzing seafloor sediments yields a wealth of geological, geochemical, and biological information, crucial for understanding the tectonic evolution of ocean basins, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, and mineral resource exploration.

[0003] Currently, marine sediment sampling relies primarily on a variety of devices, including gravity piston samplers, box samplers, grab samplers, and vibratory corers. Each of these devices has its own advantages in different water depths and geological conditions. For example, gravity piston samplers are suitable for obtaining long, continuous sediment columns and are widely used in deep-sea sediment research; box samplers, on the other hand, are more suitable for collecting surface sediments, preserving their original structure and distribution.

[0004] However, in actual applications, existing sampling devices will be affected by seawater pressure, causing the sinking speed to gradually slow down. Some devices sink only by their own gravity, without considering how to maintain a constant sinking rate under different depth conditions. This will cause the sinking speed to be unstable and difficult to predict and control. For example, in shallow waters, they may sink too fast, causing a greater impact on the seabed surface, disturbing the sediment structure, and affecting the quality and representativeness of the sample. In deep waters, the sinking speed may slow down or even stagnate due to reduced buoyancy and increased resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the sampling device in the existing technology is affected by the pressure of seawater, resulting in a gradual slowdown in the sinking speed. Some devices sink only by their own gravity, without considering how to maintain a constant sinking rate under different depth conditions. This will cause the sinking speed to be unstable and difficult to predict and control. For example, in shallow water areas, it may sink too fast, causing a large impact on the seabed surface, disturbing the sediment layer structure, and affecting the quality and representativeness of the sample. In deep water areas, the sinking speed may slow down or even stagnate due to reduced buoyancy and increased resistance. A marine geological sediment sampling device and method are proposed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A marine geological sediment sampling device comprises: a base frame, a holding box with an opening on one side, a pressure relief valve installed on the holding box, and a plurality of annularly arranged plug rods on the other side, the plug rods being fixedly connected to the holding box; a power box, which is movably arranged in the holding box by a sliding sealing structure, a piston cavity structure is formed between the two, and a power element is installed inside the power box; a sampling tube is located between the plurality of plug rods, one end of which is an inlet and is rotatably installed with a sealing cover, and the other end is transmission-connected to the power element; a floating assembly is used to adjust the buoyancy state of the entire device; the floating assembly comprises a first slip ring rotatably installed on the power box, a floating plate is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first slip ring, and force-bearing leaves are equidistantly installed inside the first slip ring along the circumferential direction; an air pipe is fixedly installed in the power box, the air inlet end is connected to the interior of the base frame, the working surface of the air outlet end faces the force-bearing leaves, and a pressure valve is fixedly installed on the air pipe.

[0007] In order to adjust the buoyancy, preferably, the floating board includes a frame, the frame is covered with a waterproof bag, a gas pump is fixedly installed on the power box, and the gas pump is connected to the waterproof bag through a pipeline; wherein, an exhaust valve is fixedly installed on the waterproof bag.

[0008] In order to push the sampling tube into the formation through the connecting rod and realize the automated sampling operation, preferably, the power element includes a threaded rod rotatably installed on the top surface of the power box, a connecting sleeve is threadedly installed on the threaded rod, and the connecting sleeve is slidingly connected to the bottom surface of the power box. A motor is fixedly installed in the power box, a first gear is fixedly installed on the output end of the motor, a second gear meshing with the first gear is fixedly installed on the threaded rod, and a connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the sampling tube, and the other end passes through the receiving box and is slidingly connected to the connecting sleeve.

[0009] In order to limit the upward stroke and avoid overshooting to damage the threaded rod, a limit ring is further fixedly installed inside the connecting sleeve, and the limit ring is used to abut against the connecting rod.

[0010] In order to prevent sample leakage or seawater intrusion, the sampling tube further includes an outer cylinder, the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder through an elastic member, and a sampling cylinder is coaxially installed in the outer cylinder, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the sampling cylinder; wherein, the connecting rod has a tapered portion, a first sealing ring is encapsulated on the tapered portion, and a sealing port adapted to the tapered portion is opened on the outer cylinder.

[0011] In order to play a guiding role and ensure that the sampling tube always penetrates the formation in a straight line, reducing deviation and sample disturbance, the sampling tube further includes a sleeve, which is coaxially installed on the outside of the outer tube, and a support rod is fixedly installed between the sleeve and the insertion rod; wherein, a strip groove is opened inside the sleeve, and a slider adapted to the strip groove is fixedly installed on the outer circular surface of the outer tube, and a first spring is fixedly connected between the slider and the inner bottom surface of the strip groove.

[0012] In order to reduce environmental disturbance during sampling, and the scraped sediment can be guided into the periphery of the sampling channel to fill the gap and prevent external pollution, further, an isolation plate is installed on the support rod through an elastic member, and a first mounting groove is opened on the isolation plate, and a scraper is rotatably installed in the first mounting groove; wherein, a first wedge block is fixedly installed on the isolation plate, and a second wedge block is fixedly installed on the outer cylinder to abut against the inclined surface of the first wedge block.

[0013] In order to ensure that the sealing cover will not loosen easily and play a role in maintaining pressure, further, a second sealing ring is fixedly installed on the side of the sealing cover close to the outer cylinder, and a second mounting groove is opened on the other side of the sealing cover. A third wedge block is slidably installed in the second mounting groove, and a fourth wedge block is fixedly installed on the isolation plate to abut the inclined surface of the third wedge block.

[0014] In order to rotate the originally horizontal floating board 90°, its water-facing surface is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the resistance of the water flow to the device, thereby increasing the overall rising speed. Furthermore, a second slip ring is rotatably installed on the power box, and an inclined groove is provided on the inner wall of the second slip ring. A horizontal arm is fixedly installed on the threaded rod, and a pawl is installed on the end of the horizontal arm close to the second slip ring through an elastic member. A tooth groove is provided on the outer wall of the second slip ring. A rotating shaft is connected between the floating board and the first slip ring, and a third gear meshing with the tooth groove is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft.

[0015] A method for sampling marine geological sediments comprises the following steps: Step 1: Pre-set the loading and setting parameters of the sampling device according to the specific conditions of the target sampling area; Step 2: Hoist the sampling device onto the ship and complete the connection and debugging with the ship's power supply system and data transmission system; Step 3: Maintain the vertical posture of the device during descent by adjusting the buoyancy of the device; Step 4: When the device is in full contact with the seabed, the sampling device penetrates the seabed sediment layer in a straight line to collect the sample; Step 5: By adjusting the buoyancy of the device, increasing its surface area, significantly improving the overall buoyancy of the device, and coordinating with the winch to pull the device at a constant speed.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a marine geological sediment sampling device and method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This marine geological sediment sampling device forms a closed piston cavity between the power box and the receiving box. The internal gas is compressed. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the set value of the pressure valve, the valve opens and the compressed gas is sprayed to the force-bearing blade through the air pipe. Under the impact of the airflow, the force-bearing blade drives the first slip ring to rotate, and the floating plate rotates synchronously, generating auxiliary propulsion. The propulsion direction is consistent with the sinking direction of the device, which accelerates the sinking and effectively resists the resistance of seawater. At the same time, whether in shallow or deep sea areas, the overall buoyancy of the device is changed by dynamically adjusting the internal inflation volume of the floating plate, which can prevent the device from shaking or tilting violently due to sinking too quickly. This is especially important when encountering the interface of strata with different densities. 2. This marine geological sediment sampling device starts with the motor rotating forward, driving the sampling tube to penetrate the formation. After sampling is completed, the sealing cover is closed to maintain the original sediment. The motor starts to rotate backward to retract the sampling tube. At the same time, the threaded rod drives the horizontal arm to move. The pawl cooperates with the second slip ring, which drives the third gear to rotate, causing the originally horizontal floating plate to rotate by degrees. Its water-facing surface is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the resistance of the water flow to the device, thereby increasing the overall ascent speed and shortening the recovery time. The floating plate is inflated to increase buoyancy, driving the entire device to float upward, avoiding sinking into the soft mud or silty seabed environment. Finally, it rises by buoyancy and winch pull and is recovered to the deck. 3. In this marine geological sediment sampling device, the outer cylinder stops moving after being constrained by the strip groove, causing the tapered portion of the connecting rod to separate from the sealing port. The sampling cylinder continues to descend, pushing open the sealing cover and penetrating the formation in a straight line to collect samples. At the same time, seawater fills between the outer cylinder and the sampling cylinder, providing thermal insulation for the sediment sample, which can buffer the influence of external temperature to a certain extent and keep the sample temperature close to the original state, thereby ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the experimental data. 4. In the marine geological sediment sampling device, the power element drives the sampling tube downward to penetrate the stratum, and the outer tube moves downward accordingly, driving the second wedge block and the first wedge block to undergo relative displacement, pushing the isolation plate to slide outward along the support rod, reducing the external environmental disturbance. At this time, the side wall of the first mounting groove exerts pressure on the scraper, forcing it to flip inward, and the scraper changes from a vertical state to an inclined state, avoiding the sediment contact area, preventing the scraper from disturbing the external sediment layer during movement and affecting the original state of the sample. After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube retreats, driving the outer tube to move in the opposite direction, and the isolation plate is reset. The other side of the first mounting groove exerts a reverse force on the scraper, prompting it to return to a vertical state. The scraped sediment can be guided into the periphery of the sampling channel, thereby filling the gap and preventing external contamination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a holding box for a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the skeleton and waterproof bag structure of a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a power box of a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting sleeve structure of a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the chassis of a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a sleeve of a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a sampling tube of a marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention; Figure 10 A marine geological sediment sampling device proposed by the present invention Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the middle.

[0018] In the figure: 100, chassis; 110, receiving box; 111, guide groove; 120, pressure relief valve; 130, insertion rod; 140, guide rod; 150, buffer spring; 200, power box; 300, power element; 310, threaded rod; 320, connecting sleeve; 321, limiting ring; 330, motor; 340, first gear; 350, second gear; 360, connecting rod; 361, tapered portion; 362, first sealing ring; 370, horizontal arm; 380, pawl; 400, sampling tube; 410, sealing cover; 411, second sealing ring; 412, second mounting groove; 413, third wedge; 420, outer cylinder; 421, sealing port; 422, slider; 423, first spring; 430, sampling cylinder; 440, shaft sleeve; 441, strip groove; 450, support rod; 451, second spring; 460, isolation plate; 461, first mounting groove; 462, scraper; 463, first wedge; 464, second wedge; 465, fourth wedge 500, floating assembly; 510, first slip ring; 511, force-bearing leaf; 520, floating plate; 521, skeleton; 522, waterproof bag; 530, air pump; 540, exhaust valve; 550, rotating shaft; 560, third gear; 600, trachea; 610, pressure valve; 700, second slip ring; 710, inclined groove; 720, tooth groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0021] As described in the background technology, the sampling device will be affected by the pressure of seawater, causing the sinking speed to gradually slow down. Some devices sink only by their own gravity, without considering how to maintain a constant sinking rate under different depth conditions. This will cause the sinking speed to be unstable and difficult to predict and control. For example, in shallow waters, it may sink too fast, causing a greater impact on the seabed surface, disturbing the sediment layer structure, and affecting the quality and representativeness of the sample. In deep waters, the sinking speed may slow down or even stagnate due to reduced buoyancy and increased resistance.

[0022] In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a marine geological sediment sampling device, which is applied to a tube sampler.

[0023] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1-10 , the sampling device specifically includes: The chassis 100 has a container box 110 with an opening on one side, a pressure relief valve 120 installed on the container box 110, and a plurality of annularly arranged insertion rods 130 on the other side, which are fixedly connected to the container box 110; The power box 200 is movably disposed in the receiving box 110 via a sliding sealing structure, forming a piston cavity structure therebetween. The power element 300 is installed inside the power box 200. The sampling tube 400 is located between the plurality of insertion rods 130, one end of which is a sampling port and is rotatably mounted with a sealing cap 410, and the other end of which is transmission-connected to the power element 300; The floating assembly 500 is used to adjust the buoyancy of the entire device; The floating assembly 500 includes a first slip ring 510 rotatably mounted on the power box 200. A floating plate 520 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first slip ring 510. Forced blades 511 are equidistantly installed inside the first slip ring 510 along the circumferential direction. The air pipe 600 is fixedly installed in the power box 200, with the air inlet end communicating with the interior of the base frame 100 and the air outlet end facing the stressed leaf 511. A pressure valve 610 is fixedly installed on the air pipe 600.

[0024] The marine geological sediment sampling device provided by the present invention is slowly lowered by a winch system. After entering the seawater, the external water pressure increases with the depth. The power box 200 is affected by the seawater pressure and moves downward in the receiving box 110. A closed piston cavity is formed between the power box 200 and the receiving box 110, and the internal gas is compressed. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the set value of the pressure valve 610, the valve opens, and the compressed gas is sprayed to the force-bearing leaf 511 through the air pipe 600. The force-bearing leaf 511 drives the first slip ring 510 to rotate under the impact of the airflow, and the floating plate 520 rotates synchronously to generate auxiliary propulsion. The propulsion direction is consistent with the sinking direction of the device, which plays a role in accelerating the sinking and effectively resisting the resistance of seawater. At the same time, whether in shallow or shallow Whether it is the sea or deep sea area, the overall buoyancy of the device is changed by dynamically adjusting the amount of air filled inside the floating plate 520, which can prevent the device from shaking or tilting violently due to sinking too quickly. This is especially important when encountering strata with different densities. After the device reaches the seabed, the rod 130 is inserted into the seabed to enhance the stability of the device, the power box 200 stops moving, the piston cavity tends to a stable state, the airflow gradually stops, and the power element 300 drives the sampling tube 400 to penetrate vertically into the formation to retain the original sedimentary information. After the sampling is completed, the power element 300 reverses the action to make the sampling tube 400 retreat, and the sealing cover 410 is reclosed to prevent the loss of the sample, and the floating plate 520 is inflated to expand the volume and improve the overall buoyancy.

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions therein may be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0028] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-10 A marine geological sediment sampling device includes a base frame 100, a power box 200, a sampling tube 400, a floating component 500 and an air pipe 600. It can adapt to seabed sediment sampling tasks under different water depths and has good stability and intelligent operation capabilities.

[0029] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3Specifically, the chassis 100 serves as the basic supporting structure of the entire device. One side of the chassis is a container box 110 with an opening for installing the power box 200. A pressure relief valve 120 is installed on the container box 110 to release internal pressure during the recovery process to prevent the power box 200 from getting stuck due to negative pressure. On the other side are multiple circularly arranged plug rods 130. The plug rods 130 are fixedly connected to the container box 110 and are used to be inserted into the seabed surface to enhance the stability of the device and prevent deviation or tilting. The power box 200 can move up and down through a sliding sealing structure. It is arranged in the containing box 110, and a piston cavity structure is formed between the two, which can automatically adjust in response to changes in external water pressure. Preferably, a guide structure consisting of a guide rod 140 and a guide groove 111 is provided between the power box 200 and the base frame 100 to ensure that the power box 200 slides stably in the vertical direction, and a buffer spring 150 is provided between the power box 200 and the base frame 100 to provide a reset force and absorb impact loads. A power element 300 is installed inside the power box 200 to drive the sampling tube 400 to penetrate the formation.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5-Figure 6 Preferably, the power element 300 includes a threaded rod 310 rotatably mounted on the top surface of the power box 200, a connecting sleeve 320 is threadedly mounted on the threaded rod 310, and the connecting sleeve 320 is slidably connected to the bottom surface of the power box 200. A motor 330 is fixedly mounted in the power box 200, and a first gear 340 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor 330. A second gear 350 meshing with the first gear 340 is fixedly mounted on the threaded rod 310 to realize power transmission, and a connecting rod 360, one end of which is connected to the sampling tube 400 is fixedly connected, and the other end passes through the containing box 110 and is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve 320. Furthermore, a limit ring 321 is fixedly installed inside the connecting sleeve 320. The limit ring 321 is used to abut against the connecting rod 360 to limit the upward stroke and avoid overshoot and damage to the threaded rod 310. When the motor 330 is started, it drives the second gear 350 to rotate, and then drives the threaded rod 310 to rotate, so that the connecting sleeve 320 moves downward and pushes the sampling tube 400 into the formation through the connecting rod 360, thereby realizing automated sampling operation.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The sampling tube 400 is located between the multiple insertion rods 130. One end is the sampling port and is rotatably installed with a sealing cover 410, which can be opened when sampling. The other end is connected to the power element 300 and driven by the motor 330 to achieve precise penetration operation. After the sampling is completed, the sealing cover 410 is closed to prevent the loss of the sample and keep the original sediment structure undisturbed. The floating component 500 is installed on the power box 200 to adjust the buoyancy state of the entire device and improve the lowering and recovery efficiency. Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 and Figure 5 Specifically, the floating assembly 500 includes a first slip ring 510 rotatably mounted on the power box 200, a floating plate 520 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first slip ring 510, and force-bearing leaves 511 are equidistantly installed inside the first slip ring 510 along the circumferential direction; Reference Figure 5 , further comprising a second slip ring 700 rotatably mounted on the power box 200, an inclined groove 710 being provided on the inner wall of the second slip ring 700, a horizontal arm 370 being fixedly mounted on the threaded rod 310, a pawl 380 being mounted on the end of the horizontal arm 370 close to the second slip ring 700 through an elastic member, a tooth groove 720 being provided on the outer wall of the second slip ring 700, a rotating shaft 550 being connected between the floating plate 520 and the first slip ring 510, and a third gear 560 being fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 550 and meshing with the tooth groove 720 to control the angle of the floating plate 520.

[0032] The air pipe 600 is fixedly installed in the power box 200, with the air inlet end connected to the inside of the base frame 100, and the working surface of the air outlet end facing the stressed blade 511. After the airflow acts on the stressed blade 511, it drives the first slip ring 510 to rotate, thereby driving the floating plate 520 to rotate and generate propulsion. A pressure valve 610 is fixedly installed on the air pipe 600, which can automatically control the gas flow according to the set pressure threshold.

[0033] With the above-mentioned structure, after the device enters the water, as the depth increases, the external water pressure pushes the power box 200 downward, compressing the gas in the piston chamber. When the set pressure is reached, the pressure valve 610 opens, and the gas ejects the force-bearing blade 511, driving the floating plate 520 to rotate and propel the device to sink. After the device touches the bottom, the rod 130 is inserted into the seabed, and the motor 330 starts to rotate forward, driving the sampling tube 400 to penetrate the formation. After the sampling is completed, the sealing cover 410 is closed to maintain the original sedimentation, and the motor 330 starts to reverse and retract the sampling tube 400. When the floating plate 520 is lowered, the threaded rod 310 drives the horizontal arm 370 to move, and the ratchet 380 cooperates with the second slip ring 700, and the second slip ring 700 drives the third gear 560 to rotate, so that the floating plate 520, which was originally in a horizontal state, rotates 90°. Its water-facing surface is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the resistance of the water flow to the device, thereby increasing the overall ascent speed and shortening the recovery time. The floating plate 520 is inflated to increase the buoyancy, driving the entire device to float up, avoiding sinking into the soft mud or silty seabed environment, and finally relying on the buoyancy and winch pull to rise and be recovered to the deck.

[0034] Example 2 The marine geological sediment sampling device provided in Example 1 is further optimized, specifically, as follows Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the floating plate 520 includes a skeleton 521, which is preferably made of lightweight and high-strength materials such as aluminum alloy, carbon fiber composite materials, etc., to ensure that it does not deform under high pressure on the seabed. The skeleton 521 is covered with a waterproof bag 522 to form an independent air chamber for filling and discharging gas to change the volume and buoyancy. A gas pump 530 is fixedly installed on the power box 200, and the gas pump 530 is connected to the waterproof bag 522 through a pipeline for injecting gas into the waterproof bag 522; wherein, an exhaust valve 540 is fixedly installed on the waterproof bag 522 for controlling the release of gas and adjusting the size of the buoyancy.

[0035] With the above-mentioned structure, during the lowering phase, the exhaust valve 540 is activated to discharge the gas in the waterproof bag 522, reducing the volume of the floating board 520 and the overall buoyancy, making the device easier to sink. At the same time, water flow disturbance is reduced, and stability is improved. Combined with the piston cavity structure, it automatically responds to water pressure changes, achieving passive propulsion. During the sampling phase, the exhaust valve 540 remains closed to maintain a small buoyancy, the rod 130 is inserted into the seabed to prevent the device from drifting, and the power element 300 drives the sampling tube 400 to penetrate the formation for sampling to prevent device instability or sample disturbance caused by excessive buoyancy. During the recovery phase, the gas pump 530 is started to inflate the waterproof bag 522, and the volume of the floating board 520 is rapidly expanded, and the overall buoyancy of the device is increased, which helps to overcome the adsorption force of the sediment and prevent the device from getting stuck. Improve the ascent speed, shorten the recovery time and reduce the pulling force demand of the winch system, save energy, the exhaust valve 540 can slowly exhaust as needed during the ascent, and the control device posture is stable.

[0036] Example 3 The marine geological sediment sampling device provided in Example 1 or 2 is further optimized, specifically, as Figure 2 and Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, the sampling tube 400 includes an outer cylinder 420, which is the main shell structure. The sealing cover 410 is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 420 through an elastic member. The elastic member is preferably a torsion spring, which can help the sealing cover 410 reset and ensure that the sealing cover 410 remains in a closed state when it does not touch the bottom, preventing seawater from entering and affecting the internal sample. The sampling cylinder 430 is coaxially installed in the outer cylinder 420, which is used to accommodate and protect the collected sediment samples. The connecting rod 360 is fixedly connected to the sampling cylinder 430; wherein, the connecting rod 360 has a tapered portion 361, and the tapered portion 361 is encapsulated with a first sealing ring 362. The outer cylinder 420 is provided with a sealing port 421 that is compatible with the tapered portion 361. When the sampling cylinder 430 retracts to the sealing position, the tapered portion 361 is inserted into the sealing port 421, and is sealed by the first sealing ring 362 to prevent sample leakage or seawater intrusion.

[0037] The sampling tube 400 further includes a sleeve 440 , which is coaxially mounted on the outside of the outer cylinder 420 and serves as a guide and support component. A support rod 450 is fixedly mounted between the sleeve 440 and the insertion rod 130 to enhance the overall structural rigidity of the sampling tube 400 ; Specifically, a strip groove 441 is opened inside the shaft sleeve 440, and a slider 422 adapted to the strip groove 441 is fixedly installed on the outer circular surface of the outer cylinder 420. A first spring 423 is fixedly connected between the slider 422 and the bottom surface of the strip groove 441, which is used to provide a reset force and absorb the impact load during the penetration process, so as to avoid direct damage to the sampling barrel 430 or the power element 300 when encountering hard formations or foreign objects, and at the same time play a guiding role to ensure that the sampling barrel 430 always penetrates the formation in a straight line, reducing deviation and sample disturbance.

[0038] With the above-mentioned structure, during the lowering stage, the sealing cover 410 is in a closed state to prevent seawater from entering, and the sampling tube 400 is lowered to the seabed along with the device; During the sampling stage, the insertion rod 130 is inserted into the ground to provide stable support, the power element 300 is started, driving the connecting rod 360 downward, pushing the outer cylinder 420 and the sampling cylinder 430 downward together, and the outer cylinder 420 stops moving after being constrained by the strip groove 441, causing the tapered portion 361 on the connecting rod 360 to separate from the sealing port 421, and the sampling cylinder 430 continues to descend and pushes open the sealing cover 410 to penetrate the formation in a straight line for sampling. At the same time, seawater fills between the outer cylinder 420 and the sampling cylinder 430, providing insulation for the sediment sample, which can buffer the influence of the external temperature to a certain extent and keep the sample temperature close to the original state, thereby ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the experimental data.

[0039] Example 4 The marine geological sediment sampling device provided in the above embodiment is further optimized, specifically, as Figure 8 As shown, an isolation plate 460 is installed on the support rod 450 through an elastic member. The isolation plate 460 is an arc-shaped structure, which serves to isolate external sediment disturbances. The elastic member is preferably a second spring 451. A first mounting groove 461 is opened on the isolation plate 460, and a scraper 462 is rotatably installed in the first mounting groove 461. The scraper 462 is made of a wear-resistant material with a certain elasticity, such as polyurethane or rubber composite material. The scraper 462 can rotate around the axis in the mounting groove to achieve posture switching according to the moving direction of the isolation plate 460; wherein, a first wedge block 463 is fixedly installed on the isolation plate 460, and a second wedge block 464 is fixedly installed on the outer cylinder 420, which is against the inclined surface of the first wedge block 463. When the outer cylinder 420 penetrates the formation along with the sampling cylinder 430, the two wedge blocks are relatively displaced, pushing the isolation plate 460 to slide upward.

[0040] Through the arrangement of the above structure, after the device touches the bottom, the power element 300 drives the sampling tube 430 downward to penetrate the formation, and the outer tube 420 moves downward accordingly, driving the second wedge block 464 and the first wedge block 463 to undergo relative displacement, pushing the isolation plate 460 to slide outward along the support rod 450 to reduce external environmental disturbances. At this time, the side wall of the first mounting groove 461 exerts pressure on the scraper 462, forcing it to flip inward, and the scraper 462 changes from a vertical state to an inclined state, avoiding the sediment contact area, preventing the scraper 462 from disturbing the external sediment layer during movement and affecting the original state of the sample. After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube 430 retreats, driving the outer tube 420 to move in the opposite direction, and the isolation plate 460 is reset. The other side of the first mounting groove 461 exerts a reverse force on the scraper 462, prompting it to return to a vertical state. The scraped sediment can be guided into the periphery of the sampling channel, thereby filling the gap and preventing external contamination.

[0041] Example 5 The marine geological sediment sampling device provided in the above embodiment is further optimized, specifically, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a second sealing ring 411 is fixedly installed on one side of the sealing cover 410 close to the outer tube 420, and a second mounting groove 412 is opened on the other side of the sealing cover 410. A third wedge block 413 is slidably installed in the second mounting groove 412, and a fourth wedge block 465 is fixedly installed on the isolation plate 460 to abut against the inclined surface of the third wedge block 413.

[0042] Through the arrangement of the above structure, when the sealing cover 410 is pressed onto the outer cylinder 420, the second sealing ring 411 plays a preliminary sealing role. At the same time, the third wedge block 413 contacts the inclined surface of the fourth wedge block 465 on the isolation plate 460. As the sealing cover 410 is further pressed, the interaction between the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks will generate a lateral thrust, forcing the third wedge block 413 to slide in the second mounting groove 412, thereby achieving a tighter connection or locking state, which can improve the sealing performance and ensure that the sealing cover 410 will not loosen easily, thereby playing a pressure-maintaining role.

[0043] A method for sampling marine geological sediments comprises the following steps: Step 1: Hoist the entire sampling device to the predetermined sampling location and slowly lower it into the sea; Step 2: Activate the exhaust valve 540 to release the gas in the waterproof bag 522, reduce the volume of the floating board 520, and reduce the overall buoyancy to facilitate sinking; Step 3: Use water pressure to push the power box 200 downward, and control the gas injection to the force-bearing blades 511 through the air pipe 600, generating propulsion to help the device sink quickly to the seabed; Step 4: When the device reaches the seabed, the insertion rod 130 is automatically inserted into the seabed surface to provide stability and prevent the device from shifting or tilting during the penetration process; Step 5: Start the motor 330 to drive the threaded rod 310 to rotate through the gear transmission system, and the connecting sleeve 320 drives the connecting rod 360 to move downward, thereby pushing the sampling tube 400 into the formation; Step 6: The sealing cover 410 is opened during the penetration process, allowing seawater to enter between the outer cylinder 420 and the sampling cylinder 430, providing thermal insulation for the sample and maintaining the sample temperature close to the original state; Step 7: The isolation plate 460 moves to one side during the penetration process, and the scraper 462 flips over to avoid the sediment layer to avoid unnecessary disturbance to the surrounding environment; Step 8: After sampling is completed, the sealing cover 410 is closed to prevent sample loss and keep the original deposition structure undisturbed; Step 9: The motor 330 reverses to retract the sampling tube 400, and at the same time, the isolation plate 460 is reset, and the scraper 462 returns to a vertical state, guiding the loose sediment into the periphery of the sampling channel to fill the gap; Step 10: The floating plate 520 is inflated to increase buoyancy, and the device begins to float upward; the exhaust valve 540 is adjusted to control the gas release rate to keep the device stable during the ascent; Step 11: After the device returns to the surface, it is pulled back to the deck using the winch system and the collected sediment samples are carefully removed.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine geological sediment sampling device, characterized in that: include: A base frame (100) has a receiving box (110) with an opening on one side, a pressure relief valve (120) installed on the receiving box (110), and a plurality of annularly arranged insertion rods (130) on the other side, the insertion rods (130) being fixedly connected to the receiving box (110); A power box (200) is disposed in the accommodating box (110) so as to be movable up and down via a sliding sealing structure, with a piston cavity structure formed therebetween. A power element (300) is installed inside the power box (200); A sampling tube (400) is located between the plurality of the insertion rods (130), one end of which is a sampling port and is rotatably mounted with a sealing cover (410), and the other end of which is in transmission connection with the power element (300); A floating assembly (500) for adjusting the buoyancy of the entire device; The floating assembly (500) comprises a first slip ring (510) rotatably mounted on the power box (200), a floating plate (520) being provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first slip ring (510), and force-bearing blades (511) being equidistantly mounted inside the first slip ring (510) along the circumferential direction. The air pipe (600) is fixedly installed in the power box (200), with an air inlet end communicating with the interior of the base frame (100) and an air outlet end facing the stressed leaf (511). A pressure valve (610) is fixedly installed on the air pipe (600).

2. A marine geological sediment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating board (520) comprises a frame (521), the frame (521) is covered with a waterproof bag (522), a gas pump (530) is fixedly mounted on the power box (200), and the gas pump (530) is connected to the waterproof bag (522) via a pipeline; Wherein, an exhaust valve (540) is fixedly mounted on the waterproof bag (522).

3. A marine geological sediment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power element (300) comprises a threaded rod (310) rotatably mounted on the inner top surface of the power box (200), a connecting sleeve (320) being threadedly mounted on the threaded rod (310), the connecting sleeve (320) being slidably connected to the inner bottom surface of the power box (200), a motor (330) being fixedly mounted in the power box (200), a first gear (340) being fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor (330), a second gear (350) being meshedly connected to the first gear (340) being fixedly mounted on the threaded rod (310), and A connecting rod (360) has one end fixedly connected to the sampling tube (400) and the other end passing through the containing box (110) and slidably connected to the connecting sleeve (320).

4. A marine geological sediment sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting ring (321) is fixedly installed inside the connecting sleeve (320), and the limiting ring (321) is used to abut against the connecting rod (360).

5. A marine geological sediment sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sampling tube (400) includes an outer cylinder (420), the sealing cover (410) is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder (420) via an elastic member, and A sampling cylinder (430) is coaxially mounted in the outer cylinder (420), and the connecting rod (360) is fixedly connected to the sampling cylinder (430); The connecting rod (360) has a tapered portion (361), a first sealing ring (362) is encapsulated on the tapered portion (361), and the outer cylinder (420) is provided with a sealing opening (421) adapted to the tapered portion (361).

6. A marine geological sediment sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sampling tube (400) further includes a shaft sleeve (440), the shaft sleeve (440) being coaxially mounted on the outside of the outer cylinder (420), and a support rod (450) being fixedly mounted between the shaft sleeve (440) and the insertion rod (130); A strip groove (441) is provided inside the shaft sleeve (440), a slider (422) adapted to the strip groove (441) is fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder (420), and a first spring (423) is fixedly connected between the slider (422) and the bottom surface of the strip groove (441).

7. A marine geological sediment sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An isolation plate (460) is mounted on the support rod (450) via an elastic member. A first mounting groove (461) is formed on the isolation plate (460), and a scraper (462) is rotatably mounted in the first mounting groove (461). A first wedge-shaped block (463) is fixedly mounted on the isolation plate (460), and a second wedge-shaped block (464) abutting against the inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped block (463) is fixedly mounted on the outer cylinder (420).

8. A marine geological sediment sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second sealing ring (411) is fixedly mounted on one side of the sealing cover (410) close to the outer cylinder (420), a second mounting groove (412) is provided on the other side of the sealing cover (410), a third wedge block (413) is slidably mounted in the second mounting groove (412), and a fourth wedge block (465) is fixedly mounted on the isolation plate (460) and abuts against the inclined surface of the third wedge block (413).

9. A marine geological sediment sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second slip ring (700) is rotatably mounted on the power box (200), an inclined groove (710) is provided on the inner wall of the second slip ring (700), a horizontal arm (370) is fixedly mounted on the threaded rod (310), a ratchet (380) is mounted on one end of the horizontal arm (370) close to the second slip ring (700) via an elastic member, a tooth groove (720) is provided on the outer wall of the second slip ring (700), a rotating shaft (550) is connected between the floating plate (520) and the first slip ring (510), and a third gear (560) meshing with the tooth groove (720) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (550).

10. A method for sampling marine geological sediments, according to a marine geological sediment sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Pre-set the loading and setting parameters of the sampling device according to the specific conditions of the target sampling area; Step 2: Hoist the sampling device onto the ship and complete the connection and debugging with the ship's power supply system and data transmission system; Step 3: Maintain the vertical posture of the device during descent by adjusting the buoyancy of the device; Step 4: When the device is in full contact with the seabed, the sampling device penetrates the seabed sediment layer in a straight line to collect the sample; Step 5: By adjusting the buoyancy of the device, increasing its surface area, significantly improving the overall buoyancy of the device, and coordinating with the winch to pull the device at a constant speed.

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