Anchoring device for tunnel rockburst prevention and control and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anchoring device for tunnel rockburst prevention and control and a using method of the anchoring device, and belongs to the technical field of underground engineering supporting. The device comprises an anchor rod and an inner push rod, the anchor rod is of a hollow structure with one closed end and one open end, and a drill bit is arranged at the closed end; the inner push rod can be placed into the anchor rod from the open end of the anchor rod and move in the axial direction of the anchor rod, and the anchor rod and the inner push rod can rotate synchronously. An expandable blade is arranged on the inner push rod, a second axial groove is correspondingly formed in the anchor rod, the blade can retract into the anchor rod along with the inner push rod in the initial state, and when the inner push rod moves to the position where the blade corresponds to the second axial groove, the blade is expanded, and the outermost peripheral size is larger than the peripheral size of the anchor rod; a grouting channel is formed in the anchor rod or the inner push rod and used for grouting the gap outside the anchor rod and the gap between the anchor rod and the inner push rod. The unfolded blade clamps the rock mass to form mechanical anchoring, which plays an important role in real-time rockburst prevention and control; and drilling, cutting, bolting and grouting integrated operation can be achieved, and the efficiency bottleneck of traditional distributed construction is broken through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of underground engineering support technology, and specifically to active surrounding rock support devices in geotechnical engineering projects such as mining tunnels, transportation tunnels, and water conservancy underground chambers. The present invention is particularly suitable for rock burst prevention and control in high-stress areas and engineering scenarios requiring immediate support. Specifically, it relates to an anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Currently, surrounding rock support in underground projects is widely implemented with anchor bolts, anchor cables, and other support methods. Traditional anchor bolting typically requires multiple processes, including drilling, bolt installation, grouting, and curing. This results in a delayed buildup of support force, making it difficult to meet the immediate prevention and control needs of sudden disasters like rockbursts. While existing integrated anchor-drill systems combine drilling and installation, their anchoring force relies primarily on the bonding effect of grouting, preventing them from quickly generating effective pullout force during installation.

[0003] The problems with the existing technology are: first, the support force is delayed. Traditional anchor rods need to wait for solidification after grouting, and cannot provide support immediately after drilling is completed, making it difficult to cope with sudden working conditions such as rock bursts; second, the anchoring structure is single and mostly relies on slurry bonding, and the anchoring effect is unstable in broken rock masses; third, the construction process is cumbersome, and drilling, installation, and grouting are carried out step by step, which is inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems of existing anchoring devices being difficult to cope with sudden situations such as rock bursts due to the lag in support force formation and the complicated procedures, the present invention provides an anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control and a method of using the same.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: An anchoring device for rock burst prevention and control in tunnels comprises an anchor rod and an inner push rod, the anchor rod is configured as a hollow structure with one end closed and the other end open, and the closed end is provided with a drill bit; the inner push rod can be inserted into the anchor rod from the open end of the anchor rod and move along the axial direction of the anchor rod, and the anchor rod and the inner push rod can rotate synchronously; the inner push rod is provided with an expandable blade, and the anchor rod is provided with a second axial groove corresponding to the blade. In the initial state, the blade can be retracted into the anchor rod along with the inner push rod, and when the inner push rod moves in the anchor rod to the position corresponding to the blade and the second axial groove, the blade can be expanded, and the outermost peripheral dimension of the blade in the expanded state is larger than the outer peripheral dimension of the anchor rod; a grouting channel is provided inside the anchor rod or the inner push rod for grouting to the outside of the anchor rod and the gap between the anchor rod and the inner push rod.

[0006] In this application, through the above-mentioned setting of anchor rods and inner push rods, the tool is unfolded to complete rock cutting, and the unfolded blade is stuck in the rock to form a mechanical anchoring effect, which plays an important role in the prevention and control of immediate rock bursts. Because the earlier the anchoring force is formed, the more the degree and destructive force of the rock burst can be controlled to a greater extent, which is of great significance for ensuring construction safety; and a grouting channel is also opened to realize the full-process integrated operation of drilling, cutting, anchoring and grouting, breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional distributed construction.

[0007] In some embodiments, the second axial groove serves as an outlet of the grouting channel.

[0008] Furthermore, a grouting channel is provided inside the inner push rod, and a liquid outlet is provided near the location of the blade as part of the grouting channel, so that the second axial groove serves as the outlet of the grouting channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, a first external thread is provided on the anchor rod, and the first external thread is provided at a position covering the entire length of the anchor rod.

[0010] In some embodiments, a limiting groove is formed on the inner wall of the anchor rod, and a limiting protrusion is correspondingly provided on the inner push rod. When the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion cooperate, the inner push rod can move relative to the axis of the anchor rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, a second external thread is provided on the inner push rod to enhance the bonding strength between the inner push rod and the anchor rod after grouting.

[0012] In some embodiments, the inner push rod has a certain length so that when the blade is unfolded, a portion of the inner push rod is still located outside the anchor rod, and a second external thread is provided on the inner push rod located outside the anchor rod.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner push rod is also provided with a pop-up clip, and a corresponding first axial groove is provided on the anchor rod; in the initial state, the clip can be retracted into the anchor rod along with the inner push rod, and when the inner push rod moves to the position corresponding to the clip and the first axial groove, the clip can be popped out; the first axial groove and the second axial groove both have a certain length, so that when the blade is unfolded, the inner push rod can move outward a certain distance relative to the anchor rod until the clip abuts the second axial groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a sleeve rod is fixedly provided on the inner push rod, the clamping piece is sleeved outside the sleeve rod, and a spring is provided between the clamping piece and the sleeve rod; In the initial state, the clamp can be retracted into the anchor rod along with the inner push rod, and the spring is in a compressed state at this time; When the inner push rod moves to the position where the clamping piece corresponds to the first axial groove, the clamping piece can be ejected under the action of the spring restoring force. At this time, the clamping piece is still sleeved outside the sleeve rod to jointly resist the pulling force along the axial direction of the anchor rod on the clamping piece.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for using an anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control, which is used for the anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: Step S1. Connect the open end of the anchor rod to the drilling rig to drill a hole in the surrounding rock; Step S2. Place the inner push rod into the anchor rod, with the blade in the initial state, and push the inner push rod to the position where the blade and the second axial groove are located; Step S3. While rotating the anchor rod and the inner push rod, the blade is unfolded. During this process, the inner push rod may continue to move forward relative to the anchor rod or may not move axially. Step S4: Grouting is performed outside the anchor rod and into the gap between the anchor rod and the inner push rod through the grouting channel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through the above setting of anchor rods and inner push rods, the tool is unfolded to complete rock cutting, and the unfolded blade is stuck in the rock to form a mechanical anchoring effect, which plays an important role in the immediate prevention and control of rock bursts. Because the earlier the anchoring force is formed, the degree and destructive force of the rock burst can be more greatly controlled, which is of great significance for ensuring construction safety. In addition, a grouting channel is opened to realize the full-process integrated operation of drilling, cutting, anchoring and grouting, breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional distributed construction.

[0017] When the blade is unfolded, the clamp does not abut the outside of the first axial groove. Based on the initial anchoring effect formed between the blade and the surrounding rock, if the pull-out force is too large, the blade begins to cut the rock and slide outward. At this time, the inner push rod gradually slides outward relative to the anchor rod until the clamp slides to abut the left side of the first axial groove. The clamp is subjected to the reaction force provided by the anchor rod, and the clamping of the blade and the rock mass combines to form a second anchoring effect. During this process, the anchor rod does not move, which produces an effect similar to that of a deformed anchor rod, and produces an overall energy dissipation and resistance increase effect. The slurry after grouting will also provide a third anchoring effect after solidification. Throughout the process, the anchoring force continues to increase resistance, realizing dynamic prevention and control of rock bursts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an anchor rod in an anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner push rod in the anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention provided by the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner push rod in the anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention provided by the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the use status of the anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control provided by the present invention.

[0019] Markings in the figure are: 1-first axial groove, 2-second axial groove, 3-drill hole wall, 4-cement slurry, 5-blade, 6-clamp, 7-drill bit, 8-stable surrounding rock, 9-loosening ring of surrounding rock, 10-gasket, 11-bolt, 12-second external thread, 13-first external thread, 14-spring, 15-anchor rod, 16-inner push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides an anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control and a method of using the same.

[0023] Anchoring device for rock burst prevention and control in tunnels, comprising anchor rod 15 and inner push rod 16, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 See the structure diagram of anchor rod 15, combined with Figure 2-Figure 4 See the schematic diagram of the inner push rod 16. Figure 4 See the schematic diagram of the riveted assembly status of each component.

[0024] The anchor rod 15 is configured as a hollow structure with one end closed and the other end open, and the closed end is provided with a drill bit 7 , while the open end is used for assembling the inner push rod 16 .

[0025] The inner push rod 16 can be inserted into the anchor rod 15 from the open end of the anchor rod 15 and move along the axial direction of the anchor rod 15, and the anchor rod 15 and the inner push rod 16 can rotate synchronously.

[0026] An expandable blade 5 is provided on the inner push rod 16, and a second axial groove 2 is correspondingly provided on the anchor rod 15. In the initial state, the blade 5 can be retracted into the anchor rod 15 along with the inner push rod 16. When the inner push rod 16 moves in the anchor rod 15 to the position corresponding to the blade 5 and the second axial groove 2, the blade 5 can be expanded. In the expanded state, the outermost peripheral dimension of the blade 5 is larger than the outer peripheral dimension of the anchor rod 15.

[0027] Such an arrangement enables the blade 5 to engage with the surrounding rock mass when it is unfolded, thereby providing anchoring force.

[0028] There are various ways to deploy the blade 5, either purely mechanically or in combination with electronic signals. For example, a cooperating stopper protrusion may be provided on the inner wall of the anchor rod 15, so that when the inner push rod 16 moves axially along the anchor rod 15, the stopper protrusion abuts, causing the blade 5 to deploy. Alternatively, deployment of the blade 5 may be achieved using a central slider similar to that used to deploy an umbrella. Obviously, electronic signal control can also be incorporated into the driver for deploying the blade 5. Therefore, deploying the blade 5 is something that can be accomplished by those skilled in the art, combined with the disclosure herein, and will not be further elaborated upon here.

[0029] A grouting channel is provided inside the anchor rod 15 or the inner push rod 16 for grouting outside the anchor rod 15 and into the gap between the anchor rod 15 and the inner push rod 16 .

[0030] In this application, through the above-mentioned arrangement of the anchor rod 15 and the inner push rod 16, the tool is unfolded to complete the rock cutting, and the unfolded blade 5 clamps the rock to form a mechanical anchoring effect, which plays an important role in the immediate prevention and control of rock bursts. Because the earlier the anchoring force is formed, the more the degree and destructive force of the rock burst can be controlled to a greater extent, which is of great significance for ensuring construction safety; and a grouting channel is also opened to realize the full-process integrated operation of drilling, cutting, anchoring and grouting, breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional distributed construction.

[0031] It should be noted that when it comes to the position of the second axial groove 2, it is necessary to ensure that the subsequent position of the blade 5 is at a certain depth in the stable surrounding rock 8 to achieve a better anchoring effect. If it is in the loose circle 9 of the surrounding rock, the anchoring effect cannot be guaranteed.

[0032] In this embodiment, the anchor rod 15 is provided with a first external thread 13 , and the first external thread 13 is provided at a position covering the entire length of the anchor rod 15 .

[0033] The first external thread 13 can facilitate rapid slag removal during the drilling process; secondly, after grouting between the borehole wall 3 formed by drilling and the anchor rod 15, the anchor rod 15 can have more contact areas with the outside world, thereby improving the bonding force.

[0034] Furthermore, the external thread on the anchor rod 15 can be set to a variable pitch structure, with a smaller front pitch to enhance drilling efficiency and a larger rear pitch to facilitate slag removal, thereby further improving drilling performance.

[0035] In this embodiment, two blades 5 are arranged opposite to each other. The second axial grooves 2 on the anchor rod 15 serve as the entry and exit channels of the blades 5 and are relatively opened on the rod body.

[0036] Furthermore, the inner push rod 16 is also provided with a pop-up clip 6, and a first axial groove 1 is correspondingly provided on the anchor rod 15; in the initial state, the clip 6 can be retracted into the anchor rod 15 along with the inner push rod 16, and when the inner push rod 16 moves to the position corresponding to the clip 6 and the first axial groove 1, the clip 6 can be popped out; the first axial groove 1 and the second axial groove 2 both have a certain length, so that when the blade 5 is unfolded, the inner push rod 16 can move outward a certain distance relative to the anchor rod 15 until the clip 6 abuts against the second axial groove 2.

[0037] The ejection of the card 6 here includes multiple implementations, such as the spring 14 driving mechanism in this embodiment, or through a built-in micro hydraulic cylinder and the like.

[0038] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 As shown, a sleeve rod is fixedly provided on the inner push rod 16, the clamping member 6 is sleeved outside the sleeve rod, and a spring 14 is provided between the clamping member 6 and the sleeve rod; in the initial state, the clamping member 6 can be retracted into the anchor rod 15 along with the inner push rod 16, and at this time the spring 14 is in a compressed state; when the inner push rod 16 moves to the position corresponding to the clamping member 6 and the first axial groove 1, the clamping member 6 can be popped out under the action of the restoring force of the spring 14, and at this time the clamping member 6 is still sleeved outside the sleeve rod to jointly resist the pulling force along the axial direction of the anchor rod 15 on the clamping member 6.

[0039] In this embodiment, two clamping members 6 are arranged opposite to each other. The first axial groove 1 on the anchor rod 15 serves as an entry and exit channel for the clamping members 6 and is relatively opened on the rod body.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 4 When the blade 5 is unfolded, the clamp 6 does not abut the left side of the first axial groove 1. Based on the above, the blade 5 and the surrounding rock have formed a preliminary anchoring effect. If the pulling force is too large, the blade 5 starts to cut the rock and slides to the left (the left here is based on Figure 4 The coordinates formed, that is, the inner push rod 16 moves outward relative to the anchor rod 15), at this time, the inner push rod 16 gradually slides outward relative to the anchor rod 15 until the clamp 6 slides to abut the left side of the first axial groove 1. The clamp 6 is subjected to the reaction force provided by the anchor rod 15, and the clamping combination of the blade 5 and the rock body forms a second anchoring effect. During this process, the anchor rod 15 does not move, and produces an effect similar to that of the deformed anchor rod 15, which produces an overall energy dissipation and resistance increase effect. The slurry after grouting will also provide a third anchoring effect after solidification. Throughout the process, the anchoring force continues to increase resistance, realizing dynamic prevention and control of rock bursts.

[0041] In this embodiment, the inner push rod 16 is hollow inside to facilitate grouting operations, and the second axial groove 2 and the first axial groove 1 serve as outlets of the grouting channel. A liquid outlet is provided near the position where the blade 5 and the clamp 6 are located on the inner push rod 16 as part of the grouting channel, so that the second axial groove 2 and the first axial groove 1 can serve as outlets of the grouting channel.

[0042] The above implementation has a simple structure and can realize the integrated operation of drilling, cutting, anchoring and grouting. The second axial groove 2 serves as the grouting channel outlet, which can achieve a good grouting effect on the variable cross-section space formed by the rotation of the blade 5.

[0043] Furthermore, the grouting channel can be designed as a dual channel, that is, two independent grouting channels are provided inside the inner push rod 16, leading to the two outlets formed by the first axial groove 1 and the second axial groove 2. In this case, they can be used to transport two-component slurry, accelerate the solidification speed, and enhance the early anchoring force.

[0044] In this embodiment, the filling area of ​​the cement slurry 4 includes the gap between the anchor rod 15 and the surrounding rock, and the variable cross-section space, that is, the gap between the anchor rod 15 and the inner push rod 16.

[0045] In this embodiment, a limiting groove is formed on the inner wall of the anchor rod 15, and a limiting protrusion is correspondingly provided on the inner push rod 16. When the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion cooperate, the inner push rod 16 can move relative to the axis of the anchor rod 15.

[0046] By implementing in this way, the relative circumferential positioning of the anchor rod 15 and the inner push rod 16 can be achieved better, and the circumferential positioning of the blade 5, the clamping member 6 and the corresponding second axial groove 2 and the first axial groove 1 can be achieved easily during assembly.

[0047] Furthermore, it can be implemented as follows: a plurality of limiting grooves are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the anchor rod 15 in the circumferential direction, and limiting protrusions are correspondingly arranged on the inner push rod 16. When the limiting grooves and the limiting protrusions cooperate, the axes of the anchor rod 15 and the inner push rod 16 coincide.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first external thread 13 and the second external thread 12 are named according to the components they are located in. Here, the second external thread 12 refers to the external thread located on the inner push rod 16. The second external threads 12 at different locations have different functions.

[0049] Specifically, the inner push rod 16 is located in the area inside the anchor rod 15 corresponding to the second external thread 12, which can improve the bonding strength between the inner push rod 16 and the anchor rod 15 after grouting. In this embodiment, the inner push rod 16 has a certain length so that when the blade 5 is deployed, the inner push rod 16 is still partially located outside the anchor rod 15. The inner push rod 16 located outside the anchor rod 15 is provided with the second external thread 12. Here, the second external thread 12 is used to fix the bolt 11, thereby fixing the inner push rod 16 to the surrounding rock mass.

[0050] The present invention also provides a method for using an anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control, which is used for the anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: Step S1: The open end of the anchor rod 15 is connected to a drilling rig to drill a hole in the surrounding rock.

[0051] In practice, the anchor rod 15 remains stationary after being drilled to a specified depth. Figure 4 The anchor rod 15 is drilled until it is flush with the outer surface of the surrounding rock.

[0052] Step S2: Place the inner push rod 16 into the anchor rod 15, with the blade 5 in the initial state, and push the inner push rod 16 to the position where the blade 5 and the second axial groove 2 are located.

[0053] Step S3: The blade 5 is unfolded while rotating the anchor rod 15 and the inner push rod 16. During this process, the inner push rod 16 can continue to move forward relative to the anchor rod 15 or no axial movement occurs.

[0054] During rotation, the blade 5 continuously cuts the rock mass, forming a variable cross-section space that expands from the inside out. After the cutting is completed, a matching bolt 11 is installed on the surface of the surrounding rock to secure the inner push rod 16 to the surrounding rock. In this embodiment, the fixed connection is achieved through the second external thread 12 at the end of the inner push rod 16, the bolt 11, and the washer 10, thereby assisting in generating an anchoring force.

[0055] Step S4: Grouting is performed outside the anchor rod 15 and into the gap between the anchor rod 15 and the inner push rod 16 through the grouting channel.

[0056] In summary, the anchoring device for tunnel rockburst prevention and control and its use method provided by this application have at least the following advantages: 1. The integrated anchoring, drilling and grouting structure design realizes the integrated operation of drilling, cutting, anchoring and grouting through the coordination of anchor rods 15 and inner push rods 16, breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional step-by-step construction.

[0057] 2. Compared with the traditional anchor rod 15 support technology, the present invention has significant advantages in support timeliness: the traditional anchor rod 15 requires delayed grouting and curing, while the present device can form the initial anchoring force through the blade 5 and the clamp 6 at the moment the drilling is completed, and the support response time is shortened from several hours to minutes, which is particularly suitable for rock burst sudden scenarios.

[0058] 3. The variable cross-section space formation mechanism uses the deployable blade 5 to cut the rock mass under the action of propulsion and rotation, forming an outward-expanding variable cross-section, which significantly increases the contact area between the anchor rod 15 and the rock mass and the mechanical bite force.

[0059] 4. The triple-resistance anchoring system achieves multiple anchoring mechanisms through mechanical locking with blades 5, abutment with clamps 6, and grout bonding. This actively suppresses rock deformation and reduces the probability of rockbursts. Its dynamic impact load resistance is superior to that of traditional anchors 15, and it can immediately generate and continuously enhance support during a rockburst.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control, characterized in that: It comprises an anchor rod (15) and an inner push rod (16), wherein the anchor rod (15) is configured as a hollow structure with one end closed and the other end open, and a drill bit (7) is configured at the end of the closed end; The inner push rod (16) can be placed into the anchor rod (15) from the open end of the anchor rod (15) and move along the axial direction of the anchor rod (15), and the anchor rod (15) and the inner push rod (16) can rotate synchronously; The inner push rod (16) is provided with an expandable blade (5), and the anchor rod (15) is provided with a corresponding second axial groove (2). In the initial state, the blade (5) can be retracted into the anchor rod (15) along with the inner push rod (16). When the inner push rod (16) moves in the anchor rod (15) to a position corresponding to the blade (5) and the second axial groove (2), the blade (5) can be expanded. The outermost peripheral dimension of the blade (5) in the expanded state is larger than the outer peripheral dimension of the anchor rod (15); A grouting channel is provided inside the anchor rod (15) or the inner push rod (16) for grouting outside the anchor rod (15) and into the gap between the anchor rod (15) and the inner push rod (16).

2. The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second axial groove (2) serves as an outlet of the grouting channel.

3. The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control according to claim 2, characterized in that: A grouting channel is provided inside the inner push rod (16), and a liquid outlet is provided near the location of the blade (5) as part of the grouting channel, so that the second axial groove (2) serves as the outlet of the grouting channel.

4. The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod (15) is provided with a first external thread (13), and the first external thread (13) is provided at a position covering the entire length of the anchor rod (15).

5. The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove is formed on the inner wall of the anchor rod (15), and a limiting protrusion is correspondingly provided on the inner push rod (16). When the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion cooperate, the inner push rod (16) can move relative to the axis of the anchor rod (15).

6. The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner push rod (16) is provided with a second external thread (12) to enhance the bonding force between the inner push rod (16) and the anchor rod (15) after grouting.

7. The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner push rod (16) has a certain length so that when the blade (5) is unfolded, a portion of the inner push rod (16) is still located outside the anchor rod (15), and a second external thread (12) is provided on the inner push rod (16) located outside the anchor rod (15).

8. The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The inner push rod (16) is also provided with a pop-up clamp (6), and the anchor rod (15) is correspondingly provided with a first axial groove (1); In the initial state, the clamping member (6) can be retracted into the anchor rod (15) along with the inner push rod (16); when the inner push rod (16) moves to a position where the clamping member (6) and the first axial groove (1) correspond, the clamping member (6) can be ejected; The first axial groove (1) and the second axial groove (2) both have a certain length, so that when the blade (5) is unfolded, the inner push rod (16) can move outward a certain distance relative to the anchor rod (15) until the clamping member (6) abuts the second axial groove (2).

9. The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sleeve rod is fixedly provided on the inner push rod (16), the clamping member (6) is sleeved outside the sleeve rod, and a spring (14) is provided between the clamping member (6) and the sleeve rod; In the initial state, the clamp (6) can be retracted into the anchor rod (15) along with the inner push rod (16), and at this time, the spring (14) is in a compressed state; When the inner push rod (16) moves to the position where the clamp (6) and the first axial groove (1) correspond, the clamp (6) can be ejected under the action of the restoring force of the spring (14). At this time, the clamp (6) is still sleeved outside the sleeve rod to jointly resist the pulling force along the axial direction of the anchor rod (15) on the clamp (6).

10. A method for using an anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control, characterized in that: The anchoring device for tunnel rock burst prevention and control according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Step S1. The open end of the anchor rod (15) is connected to a drilling rig to drill a hole in the surrounding rock; Step S2. Place the inner push rod (16) into the anchor rod (15), with the blade (5) in the initial state, and push the inner push rod (16) to the position where the blade (5) and the second axial groove (2) are located; Step S3. The blade (5) is unfolded while rotating the anchor rod (15) and the inner push rod (16). During this process, the inner push rod (16) can continue to move forward relative to the anchor rod (15) or not move axially; Step S4: Grouting is performed outside the anchor rod (15) and into the gap between the anchor rod (15) and the inner push rod (16) through the grouting channel.

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