High-yield and high-efficiency breeding method for whitebait

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method for whitebait. The method sequentially comprises the following steps of breeding water area selection, water area trash fish removal, water area pathogen killing, bait organism breeding, fry putting, ecological management and high-efficiency fishing. Wherein the seedlings are put in an alternate-catching and alternate-putting mode, and the seedlings are put in batches; 10%-20% of fertilized eggs are supplemented every year to achieve resource proliferation. According to the whitebait breeding method, fishing in autumn can make whitebait reach the commodity specification of 4-6 cm. Fishing before reproduction is achieved in March to April in spring, resource waste is avoided, and efficient fishing is achieved; the large water surface is more beneficial to natural proliferation, seedlings are put in batches, annual production is achieved, and high yield is achieved. 10%-20% of fertilized eggs are supplemented every year, and the population density is maintained. Silver carps and bighead carps are matched to regulate water quality and improve comprehensive benefits. And the reasonable yield per mu can reach 15-25 kg.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the breeding of fry and fingerlings and the cultivation of aquatic animals, and in particular to a high-yield and high-efficiency whitebait cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Ge Zhemin mentioned in the paper published in the 55th issue of Guangdong Sericulture in 2021: Silverfish is a small annual fish that lives in waters such as nearshore or estuaries. It has a wide distribution range and can be found in almost most sea areas. There are also many species of silverfish in my country, about a dozen species, usually distributed in water systems such as the Pearl River, Yangtze River and Heilongjiang River. Silverfish not only has sweet and delicious meat, but is also rich in protein and amino acids and has high nutritional value. In addition, silverfish grows fast, has strong reproductive capacity, is easy to catch, and has extremely high economic value. It is one of the important economic fish. Try to choose a sunny and sheltered location for the pond, and there should be an appropriate amount of aquatic plants around the pond to facilitate silverfish spawning. Because silverfish are mild in nature and feed on large zooplankton cladocerans and copepods throughout their lives, it is necessary to avoid mixed breeding with other animal-eating and omnivorous fish. In addition, the cultivation of seedlings, feeding of feed and daily management are all mentioned, but in terms of increasing the yield of whitebait and efficient breeding of whitebait, the existing technology (such as the patent with publication number CN104585102A: a high-yield breeding method for whitebait, which uses regular feeding of feed to maintain the density of rotifers, thereby maintaining the daily food intake of adult whitebait, thereby increasing the yield, but the degree of increase in yield is general, and efficient breeding is not involved) still rarely involves. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-yield and efficient whitebait aquaculture method. Large water surfaces facilitate natural proliferation, and seedlings are released in batches to achieve year-round high yields. Fertilized eggs are replenished annually at a rate of 10%-20% to maintain population density. Silver carp and bighead carp are also added to regulate water quality, increasing overall returns. A reasonable yield per mu can reach 15-25 kg.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is to design a high-yield and efficient whitebait breeding method, which includes selecting breeding waters, removing miscellaneous fish in the waters, killing pathogens in the waters, cultivating bait organisms, releasing seedlings, ecological management, and efficient fishing; wherein, the seedlings are released in a rotational manner: the seedlings are released in batches; 10%-20% of fertilized eggs are supplemented each year to achieve resource proliferation.

[0005] Selection of aquaculture waters: Choose large water areas with an area of ​​500-5000 mu, a water depth of 2-5 meters, a hard bottom or a sandy mud bottom, and water quality that meets the requirements of pH 6.5-8.5, dissolved oxygen ≥5mg / L, and no pollution; Remove unwanted fish from the water: Sprinkle tea dregs or quicklime throughout the pond; Kill pathogens in the water area: remove the fish from the water area and disinfect with bleach after 7 days; Bait organism cultivation: Apply base fertilizer: Apply organic fertilizer and urea to large water surface areas and cultivate water 15 days in advance; Seedlings: Select high-quality eggs with a hatching rate of ≥80% for seedlings; select seedlings that are 1-2 cm long, active, and healthy; release fertilized eggs in winter and seedlings in spring. Ecological management: efficient bait management, water quality management, and pest control; Efficient fishing: Fishing is done in autumn (September to November) when whitebait reach commercial size or in spring (March to April) before reproduction; fishing is done at night using light trapping or trawling.

[0006] Large water surfaces are more conducive to natural proliferation. The goal of basal fertilizer application is to achieve a zooplankton (cladocerans / copepods) density of ≥10 mg / L. Select high-quality fertilized eggs with a hatchability of ≥80% (e.g., Taihu New Silverfish). Choose a large, sheltered, sunny area with a hard or sandy bottom, 500-5000 mu (approximately 166 acres), a depth of 2-5 meters, and a hard bottom or muddy bottom. If the actual water surface cannot meet these requirements, artificial devices can be used to improve the environment to achieve shelter from the wind and a sunny location.

[0007] High-yield measures include: 1. Rotational catch and release: seedlings are released in batches to achieve year-round production. 2. Resource enhancement: 10%-20% of fertilized eggs are replenished annually to maintain stock density. 3. Polyculture: Silver carp and bighead carp (50-100 per mu) are added to regulate water quality and increase overall returns. A reasonable yield per mu can reach 15-25 kg (large-scale).

[0008] The amount of tea cake used is 10-15 kg / mu; the amount of quicklime used is 50-75 kg / mu; the amount of bleaching powder used is 1-2 kg / mu; the amount of organic fertilizer is chicken manure, the amount is 100-150 kg / mu, and the amount of urea used is 3-5 kg / mu; When releasing fertilized eggs, choose a winter water temperature of 5-10℃; the release density is 5,000-10,000 eggs per mu, and the fertilized eggs should sink to the bottom of the water to avoid direct sunlight; when releasing seedlings, choose a spring water temperature ≥10℃; the release density is 2,000-3,000 per mu, and the seedlings should be released in the morning on sunny days to reduce stress.

[0009] Efficient bait management includes: natural bait regulation and artificial bait supplementation; The natural bait regulation is: topdressing amino acid fertilizer or EM bacteria every 10-15 days; Artificial baiting is: when plankton is insufficient, supplement with rotifers or microencapsulated feed.

[0010] The dosage of amino acid fertilizer is 2~3kg / mu; the dosage of EM bacteria is 5L / mu; the dosage of rotifers or microencapsulated feed is 3%~5% of the fish body weight.

[0011] Topdress regularly (every 10-15 days): 2-3 kg / mu of amino acid fertilizer paste or 5 L / mu of EM bacteria. Maintain peak zooplankton levels to prevent algae blooms. Artificial feeding (if necessary): Suitable for periods when plankton is insufficient or when stocking is high. Recommended baits: Rotifers and Artemia nauplii (suitable for seedlings). Microencapsulated feed (particle size 0.2-0.5 mm) (suitable for adult fish). Feeding amount: 1-2 times daily, 3%-5% of the fish's body weight.

[0012] Water quality management includes: changing 20% ​​to 30% of the water every month, increasing oxygen during high temperature periods to ensure dissolved oxygen ≥ 5 mg / L; and regularly spraying quicklime to adjust the pH.

[0013] The amount of quicklime used is 10~15kg / mu; adjust the pH to 7.5~8.5.

[0014] The pH is adjusted to 7.5~8.5, which is a weakly alkaline water body and suitable for whitebait farming.

[0015] Adjust the pH to 7.8~8.3.

[0016] Adjusting the pH to 7.8~8.3 is the optimal range for plankton reproduction.

[0017] In the water quality management process, silver carp and bighead carp are also mixed-cultured, with the breeding density of silver carp and bighead carp being 50 to 100 per mu.

[0018] Pest control includes: setting up nets with a mesh size of ≤0.5cm to prevent escape.

[0019] Select a large sunny water area with an area of ​​500 to 5,000 mu, a water depth of 2 to 5 meters, a hard bottom or a sandy and muddy bottom, and use artificial devices to help improve the environment to achieve shelter from the wind and facing the sun.

[0020] The artificial device includes a windbreak net; the windbreak net is arranged in the upwind direction of the water area and is 10 to 20 meters away from the breeding area.

[0021] This reduces the requirements for water area selection. You can choose a sunny place that is not sheltered from the wind, and use artificial devices to help improve the environment to achieve shelter from the wind and facing the sun. This device also takes into account enemy prevention and control. The water bird control device that needs to be set up separately is directly set on the windbreak net. The use of the environment that is not sheltered from the wind can better ensure the water bird control effect of the water bird control device.

[0022] The windproof net is made of high-density polyethylene windproof net with anti-ultraviolet treatment. The air permeability of the windproof net is 30%~40% and the pore size is 1~2cm.

[0023] An inflatable scarecrow is arranged on the windproof net. The inflatable scarecrow comprises an upper main body part and a lower calf part. The main body part and the calf part are two independent inflatable air bags, and the lower end of the main body part is connected with the upper end of the calf part.

[0024] A howler is arranged on one side of the calf part, and the switch of the howler is arranged away from the network cable. A protruding part is integrally extended obliquely downward from the lower end of the main body part, and a small distance is set between the protruding part and the switch of the howler.

[0025] A rotating windmill is also provided on the windbreak net, and the surface of the rotating windmill is made of reflective material.

[0026] The howler is fixedly connected to the net line of the net. The shaft of the rotating windmill is fixedly connected to the net line of the windproof net.

[0027] An inflatable scarecrow is set on the windbreak net. When the wind blows, it shakes more violently and triggers the whistle in the inflatable scarecrow to make a sound to scare away water birds. A rotating windmill is also set on the windbreak net. The surface of the rotating windmill is made of reflective material and uses flashing light to drive away birds; the wind shelter also serves as a water bird control device (or it can be regarded as a windbreak net and a bird-proof net at the same time).

[0028] The lower end of the calf part is fixedly connected to the net line of the windproof net and is located away from the sunshade net on the leeward side of the windproof net; the position of the axis of the rotating windmill also avoids the sunshade net on the leeward side of the windproof net.

[0029] The artificial device also includes a sunshade net that is arranged to be rolled up on the windproof net, and a reel is located above the sunshade net, and the sunshade net is located on the leeward side of the windproof net; a strip of magnetorheological elastomer is bonded to the edge of the sunshade net, and an electromagnet is installed on the frame or reel of the sunshade net; the sunshade net is provided with two reeling shafts, which are respectively located above and below the connection between the windproof rope and the windproof net, and the overhang length of the upper sunshade net is less than the vertical distance between the upper reeling shaft and the windproof rope, and the overhang length of the lower sunshade net is less than the vertical distance between the lower reeling shaft and the horizontal plane of the large water area. A shaft seat is fixedly arranged on the leeward side of the windproof net, and the reel is rotatably arranged on the shaft seat. The upper end of the sunshade net is fixedly connected to the reel and wound on the reel.

[0030] This arrangement allows the wind shelter to be converted into a sunshade and also serves as a bird deterrent. The electromagnet's mounting position follows existing technology and can generally be either internally or externally mounted. Option 1: Internally mounted electromagnet (hollow reel). This is suitable for reel diameters larger than 80mm to accommodate the electromagnet. Slots are required in the reel's surface to embed magnetically conductive material (such as silicon steel sheet) to enhance magnetic field radiation efficiency. Option 2: Externally mounted electromagnet (on the reel's surface). For mounting, weld or bolt a metal bracket (such as aluminum alloy) to the reel's surface. Screw the flat electromagnet to the bracket, ensuring close contact with the shaft. Wire ducts are arranged along the side of the reel to prevent entanglement. This is not detailed here.

[0031] Existing technologies utilize either an integrated windbreak and sunshade net or a double-net layered structure. The integrated net is laminated or woven with the windbreak. The double-net layered structure is suspended horizontally below the leeward side of the windbreak (0.5-1 meter from the windbreak), creating a double-layer buffer. This removable net is installed during strong sunlight in the summer and removed in the fall and winter. The integrated composite net has a higher initial cost (approximately 20-30 yuan / ㎡) but is easy to maintain. The double-net layered structure offers a lower initial cost (approximately 15-25 yuan / ㎡ for the windbreak + sunshade), but requires manual adjustment, which is more labor-intensive.

[0032] The calf part is integrally provided with an extension part extending outward, and the extension part is plate-shaped and located at the bottom end of the calf part. A whistle device is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the extension part. The shaft of the rotating windmill is fixedly connected to the shaft seat, and a slip ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shaft seat; the lower end of the calf part and the extension part are fixedly connected to the slip ring, and an oblique rope or thin iron wire is fixedly connected to the windproof net. The inclination direction of the rope or thin iron wire is at an angle to the horizontal or vertical mesh line on the windproof net, and the slip ring is sleeved on the rope or thin iron wire; the lower end of the slip ring is fixedly connected to a connecting rope, and the end of the connecting rope away from the slip ring is fixedly connected to a sandbag.

[0033] A rope or thin wire is fixedly connected to the windbreak net (the ends of the rope or thin wire are fixed to the windbreak net with cable ties); a light weight (such as a sandbag) can be hung at the bottom of the scarecrow to keep it vertical; the slip ring under the shaft seat of the rotating windmill can also be provided with a similar structure (that is, the lower end of the slip ring is fixedly connected to a connecting rope, and the end of the connecting rope away from the slip ring is fixedly connected to a sandbag), so that the reflective material of the rotating windmill can be kept facing upwards when the rotating windmill slides.

[0034] Since a large surface area facing the sun and not sheltered from the wind is chosen, the wind is used to rotate the windmill and the inflatable scarecrow slides on the windbreak net, further enhancing the bird-proofing effect. The reciprocating sliding setting further enhances the bird-proofing effect.

[0035] An intelligent variable frequency industrial fan is arranged on one side of the highest point of the rope or thin iron wire, and is equipped with a wind speed sensor. The wind speed sensor is connected to the controller signal, and the controller is connected to the intelligent variable frequency industrial fan signal.

[0036] In order to further increase the frequency of reciprocating sliding to enhance the bird-proofing effect, and avoid the situation where the inflatable scarecrow and the rotating windmill are continuously at the top during continuous strong winds (in this way, the inflatable scarecrow and the rotating windmill will only slide diagonally downward when the wind stops, so reciprocating sliding cannot be achieved during continuous strong winds), a fan can also be set on one side of the highest point of the rope or thin wire (a 1000W industrial fan can withstand a maximum wind of level 6, and an adjustable power fan such as an intelligent variable frequency industrial fan can fully cover a range of winds of levels 1 to 6 (such as 50 to 1500W). In conjunction with a wind speed sensor, the wind speed sensor is connected to the controller signal, and the controller is connected to the intelligent variable frequency industrial fan signal). The fan can be continuously started and stopped during continuous strong winds to achieve the effect of reciprocating sliding of the inflatable scarecrow and the rotating windmill in a short period of time, thereby further enhancing the bird-proofing effect.

[0037] The artificial device includes a bird-proof net covering the water surface. The bird-proof net is made of a nylon net with a UV coating on the surface, and an inflation tube is embedded in the support column of the bird-proof net; an airtight membrane material covering the entire nylon net is arranged on the nylon net, the membrane material is located below the mesh surface of the nylon net, and the inflation tube is connected to the membrane material; a solenoid valve is arranged on the inflation tube, and a pressure relief valve is arranged on the membrane material.

[0038] The membrane material is composed of several independent inflation units, each unit is connected to an inflation pipe; the air compressor is connected to all inflation pipes, the air compressor is connected to the controller signal, and the controller is connected to the sensor signal; the sensor is a camera and a time sensor; when the controller detects that inflation is needed, it starts the air compressor to supply air to the inflation pipe; the controller opens the solenoid valve of the corresponding partition, and the air flow enters the membrane material of the unit and expands to the set pressure.

[0039] The bird-proof net covering the water surface is inflated to provide sun protection. When partially inflated, it deters birds, while when deflated, it deflates to provide wind protection. This allows for a single net to serve three purposes, with varying levels of inflation allowing for different net functions. The control process is intelligent and requires no manual intervention. The inflation system utilizes a small, silent air compressor and zoned solenoid valves, with air pressure regulated by a PLC or solar controller. Pressure control relies on feedback from a pressure sensor, closing the valve when a threshold (e.g., 3kPa) is reached. The solenoid valve is de-energized (normally closed), and the air trapped within the membrane is discharged through a pressure relief valve.

[0040] A bird-proof net covering the water surface is low in the middle and high on both sides. A retractable sunshade net is set above the bird-proof net. There is a distance between the sunshade net and the bird-proof net. A vertical extension column is welded to the top of the supporting column of the bird-proof net, and several longitudinal cantilevers are welded to the extension column. The reeling shaft of the sunshade net is set on the extension column. A strip of magnetorheological elastomer is glued to the edge of the sunshade net, and an electromagnet is installed on the frame or reeling shaft of the sunshade net.

[0041] In this way, the retracted sunshade net is lowered in summer, and when it needs to be retracted, the electromagnet is activated to achieve rapid retraction, and when unrolling, the electromagnet is powered off to allow the sunshade net to unroll due to its own weight. In summer, the sunshade net falls directly to the middle of the bird-proof net and is spread out, achieving rapid unrolling, and when it needs to be retracted, the electromagnet is activated to achieve rapid retraction.

[0042] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: autumn fishing allows whitebait to reach commercial sizes of 4 to 6 cm. Fishing in spring from March to April allows for pre-reproduction fishing, avoiding resource waste and achieving efficient fishing. A large water surface area is more conducive to natural proliferation, and seedlings can be released in batches to achieve year-round production and high yields. 10% to 20% of fertilized eggs are replenished annually to maintain population density. Water quality is adjusted in combination with silver carp and bighead carp to increase overall returns. A reasonable yield per mu can reach 15 to 25 kg. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a windbreak net in Example 2 of a high-yield and high-efficiency whitebait breeding method of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the inflatable scarecrow; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the middle windbreak net; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the middle sunshade net and reel; Figure 6 is a top view of the windproof net in the fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Bottom view of the medium inflatable scarecrow; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Top view of the middle bird-proof net; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. Windproof net; 2. Windproof rope; 3. Inflatable scarecrow; 4. Main body; 5. Calf part; 6. Whistle; 7. Protruding part; 8. Rotating windmill; 9. Sunshade net; 10. Reel; 11. Extension part; 12. Slip ring; 13. Thin iron wire; 14. Bird-proof net; 15. Support column; 16. Inflatable unit 17, Extension column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following embodiments are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Embodiment 1: The present invention is a high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method for whitebait, which comprises the following steps: selecting a breeding water area: selecting a large water area with an area of ​​500 to 5000 mu, a water depth of 2 to 5 meters, a hard bottom or a sandy mud bottom, and the water quality meets the pH of 6.5 to 8.5, dissolved oxygen ≥5 mg / L, and no pollution; Remove unwanted fish from the water: Sprinkle tea dregs or quicklime throughout the pond; Kill pathogens in the water area: remove the fish from the water area and disinfect with bleach after 7 days; Bait organism cultivation: Apply base fertilizer: Apply organic fertilizer and urea to large water surface areas and cultivate water 15 days in advance; Seedlings: Select high-quality eggs with a hatching rate of ≥80% for seedlings; select seedlings that are 1-2 cm long, active, and healthy; release fertilized eggs in winter and seedlings in spring. Ecological management: efficient bait management, water quality management, and pest control; Efficient fishing: Fishing is done in autumn (September to November) when whitebait reach commercial size or in spring (March to April) before reproduction; fishing is done at night using light trapping or trawling.

[0047] The goal of basal fertilizer application is to achieve a zooplankton (cladocerans / copepods) density of ≥10 mg / L. Select high-quality fertilized eggs with a hatchability of ≥80% (e.g., Taihu New Silverfish). Choose a large, wind-sheltered, sunny, hard-bottomed area of ​​500-5000 mu (approximately 166 acres), 2-5 meters deep, and with a sandy or muddy bottom. If the actual water area cannot fully meet these requirements, artificial devices can be used to improve the environment to achieve wind-sheltered, sunny, and sunny conditions.

[0048] Efficient fishing strategies include: 1. Best fishing time: Autumn (September-November): When whitebait reach marketable size (4-6 cm). Spring (March-April): Before they reproduce to avoid wasting resources. 2. Fishing methods: Light trapping (operated at night for high efficiency). Trawl (suitable for large-scale harvests).

[0049] Other high-yield measures include: Temperature adaptation: In spring, fertilize 15 days in advance when the temperature is 15-20°C. In summer, set up a shade net when the temperature exceeds 32°C (lowering the water temperature by 2-3°C).

[0050] The amount of tea cake used is 10-15 kg / mu; the amount of quicklime used is 50-75 kg / mu; the amount of bleaching powder used is 1-2 kg / mu; the amount of organic fertilizer is chicken manure, the amount is 100-150 kg / mu, and the amount of urea used is 3-5 kg / mu; When releasing fertilized eggs, choose a winter water temperature of 5-10℃; the release density is 5,000-10,000 eggs per mu, and the fertilized eggs should sink to the bottom of the water to avoid direct sunlight; when releasing seedlings, choose a spring water temperature ≥10℃; the release density is 2,000-3,000 per mu, and the seedlings should be released in the morning on sunny days to reduce stress.

[0051] Efficient bait management includes: natural bait regulation and artificial bait supplementation; The natural bait regulation is: topdressing amino acid fertilizer or EM bacteria every 10-15 days; Artificial baiting is: when plankton is insufficient, supplement with rotifers or microencapsulated feed.

[0052] The dosage of amino acid fertilizer is 2~3kg / mu; the dosage of EM bacteria is 5L / mu; the dosage of rotifers or microencapsulated feed is 3%~5% of the fish body weight.

[0053] Water quality management includes: changing 20% ​​to 30% of the water every month, increasing oxygen during high temperature periods to ensure dissolved oxygen ≥ 5 mg / L; and regularly spraying quicklime to adjust the pH.

[0054] The amount of quicklime used is 10-15 kg / mu; the pH is adjusted to 7.5-8.5, more preferably 7.8-8.3.

[0055] In the water quality management process, silver carp and bighead carp are also mixed-cultured, with the breeding density of silver carp and bighead carp being 50 to 100 per mu.

[0056] Pest control includes: setting up nets with a mesh size of ≤0.5cm to prevent escape.

[0057] Pest control also includes controlling water birds with bird scarers and regular clearing to control aggressive fish.

[0058] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a large sunny water area with an area of ​​500 to 5,000 mu, a water depth of 2 to 5 meters, a hard bottom or a sandy mud bottom is selected, and artificial devices are used to assist in improving the environment to achieve wind-proof and sunny conditions; The artificial device includes a windbreak net 1; the windbreak net is set upwind in the water area and 10 to 20 meters away from the breeding area to prevent the shadow of the net from affecting the distribution of plankton.

[0059] The windbreak net is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) windbreak net (air permeability 30%~40%, pore size 1~2cm) and anti-ultraviolet treatment.

[0060] The sunshade net is generally black or dark green (shading rate 50%~70%, common specifications 6 needle / 8 needle); the material is woven with UV-resistant polyethylene or polypropylene flat wire or polyester fiber; Windbreak net 1 is typically equipped with a wind rope, made of steel wire rope (diameter ≥ 4mm) or nylon rope, which is held in place diagonally (net 1 tilted forward into the wind, wind rope 2 pulled back from the wind) to enhance wind resistance. A tilted windbreak (wind guide structure) is commonly used: the net is angled at a 30°-45° angle to the ground, with the higher side facing the wind (e.g., higher in the north and lower in the south). This slope guides wind upward, reducing direct impact. The windbreak net's structure also includes main columns, crossbeams / tension rods, diagonal braces, and a ground anchor foundation. This is conventional technology and will not be described in detail.

[0061] An inflatable scarecrow 3 is set on the windproof net 1. The inflatable scarecrow includes an upper main body part 4 and a lower calf part 5. The main body part and the calf part are two independent inflatable air bags and the lower end of the main body part 4 is connected to the upper end of the calf part 5. After this arrangement, the inflatable scarecrow shakes more violently when the wind blows.

[0062] A whistle device 6 is fixedly connected to the mesh of the windproof net 1 on one side of the calf portion 5. The whistle device switch is located away from the mesh. A protrusion 7 extends obliquely downward from the lower end of the main body 4. The protrusion is slightly away from the whistle device switch. When the inflatable scarecrow is blown by the wind, the protrusion presses against the whistle device switch, causing the whistle device to whistle when the inflatable scarecrow is blown by the wind. A rotating windmill 8 is also provided on the windproof net 1. The shaft of the rotating windmill is fixedly connected to the mesh of the windproof net. The surface of the rotating windmill is made of a reflective material.

[0063] The lower end of the calf part is fixedly connected to the net line of the windproof net and is positioned away from the sunshade net on the leeward side of the windproof net. The position of the axis of the rotating windmill also avoids the sunshade net on the leeward side of the windproof net.

[0064] Example 3: The difference from Example 2 is that Figure 4 、 Figure 5As shown, the artificial device also includes a sunshade net 9 that is reeled onto the windproof net 1, and a reeling shaft 10 is located above the sunshade net. In this way, the sunshade net can be quickly unwound by its own weight. The sunshade net 9 is located on the leeward side of the windproof net 1 and does not interfere with the inflatable scarecrow and the rotating windmill. A strip of magnetorheological elastomer is bonded to the edge of the sunshade net, and an electromagnet is installed on the frame or reeling shaft of the sunshade net. In this way, the reeled sunshade net can be lowered in summer, and when it needs to be reeled up, the electromagnet is activated to achieve rapid reeling. When unwinding, the electromagnet is turned off to allow the sunshade net to unwind due to its own weight, thereby simplifying the manual adjustment process. Manual adjustment is almost unnecessary, and only the electromagnet needs to be started and stopped. Two sunshade nets can be set, and two corresponding reeling shafts are set. In this way, the windproof rope is avoided, so that when unwinding, the bottom ends of the two sunshade nets that are freely suspended do not touch the windproof rope or the horizontal surface of the large water area. An axle seat is fixedly arranged on the leeward side of the windproof net, a reeling shaft is rotatably arranged on the axle seat, and an upper end of the sunshade net is fixedly connected to the reeling shaft and wound on the reeling shaft.

[0065] Existing technologies utilize either an integrated windbreak and sunshade net or a double-net layered structure. The integrated net is laminated or woven with the windbreak. The double-net layered structure is suspended horizontally below the leeward side of the windbreak (0.5-1 meter from the windbreak), creating a double-layer buffer. This removable net is installed during strong sunlight in the summer and removed in the fall and winter. The integrated composite net has a higher initial cost (approximately 20-30 yuan / ㎡) but is easy to maintain. The double-net layered structure offers a lower initial cost (approximately 15-25 yuan / ㎡ for the windbreak + sunshade), but requires manual adjustment, which is more labor-intensive.

[0066] Example 4: The difference from Example 2 is that Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 6Only one rope or thin wire is shown), the calf part 5 is integrally provided with an extension part 11 extending outward, and the extension part is plate-shaped and located at the bottom end of the calf part, and the upper surface of the extension part is fixedly connected to the whistle device 6, and the shaft of the rotating windmill is fixedly connected to the shaft seat, and the bottom of the shaft seat is fixedly connected to the slip ring; the lower end of the calf part 5 and the extension part are fixedly connected to the slip ring 12, and an oblique rope or thin wire 13 is fixedly connected to the windproof net 1, and the inclination direction of the rope or thin wire is at an angle to the horizontal or vertical mesh line on the windproof net 1 (after such setting, the windproof net itself needs to be set against the wind, and the entire net is inclined with the horizontal plane. Then the inclined rope or thin wire is set in this way, and the inflatable scarecrow 3 or the rotating windmill slidingly set on the rope or thin wire can be It slides obliquely upward along the rope or thin iron wire, and slides obliquely downward due to its own weight when there is no wind, realizing reciprocating sliding and enhancing the bird-proofing effect. Since the windbreak net itself needs to be inclined at an angle of about 30 to 45 degrees to the horizontal plane to guide the wind direction, this point is utilized to set an inclined rope or thin iron wire on the windbreak net, so that when there is wind, the inflatable scarecrow and the rotating windmill can be blown to slide obliquely upward along the rope or thin iron wire. In order to avoid interference between the rotating windmill and the inflatable scarecrow when they slide separately, several parallel ropes or thin iron wires can be provided, with an inflatable scarecrow or a rotating windmill slidably arranged on each rope or thin iron wire. The slip ring is sleeved on the rope or thin iron wire; the lower end of the slip ring is fixedly connected to a connecting rope, and the end of the connecting rope away from the slip ring is fixedly connected to a sandbag.

[0067] Example 5: The difference from Example 2 is that Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 8 (Only a portion of the inflation unit is shown) The artificial device includes a bird-proof net 14 covering the water surface. The net is made of UV-coated nylon mesh, with an inflation tube embedded in its support column 15. An airtight membrane covers the entire nylon mesh, located below the mesh surface. The inflation tube is connected to the membrane. During inflation, the membrane expands, lifting the nylon mesh to form a localized protrusion (dynamic bird protection) or a full sunshade. A solenoid valve is installed on the inflation tube, and a pressure relief valve is installed on the membrane.

[0068] The membrane material is composed of several independent inflation units 16 (for example, each inflation unit is a 2m×2m block), each unit is connected to an inflation pipe; the air compressor is connected to the inflation pipe, the air compressor is connected to the controller signal, and the controller is connected to the sensor signal; the sensor is a camera and a time sensor (a DS3231 time sensor with a high-precision real-time clock module can be used to start inflation during a fixed time period during the summer day (such as 6:00-18:00) to achieve sunshade); the controller detects the need for inflation (such as timed sunshade in summer or birds approaching); the camera collects the farm video stream in real time (such as 30fps); the CMOS sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and outputs an RGB or grayscale image frame. The input image is forward propagated through the YOLO model to output the detection box and category probability; low confidence results (<0.7) are filtered to extract the pixel coordinates of the bird; the embedded processor (such as Jetson The Nano receives camera data and runs a detection algorithm. It calculates the bird-proof netting partition where the bird is located (for example, dividing the screen into a 5×5 grid). A high-level trigger signal is output through the GPIO pin. The PLC / relay module receives the processor's TTL signal (3.3V). The solenoid valve coil (12 / 24V) is energized, and the air blower starts after power is turned on. The camera captures the bird image to implement controller control (this is existing technology and will not be described in detail). The air compressor starts to supply air to the inflation tube. The controller opens the solenoid valve in the corresponding partition, and air flows into the membrane material of the unit, expanding it to the set pressure. Example 6: The difference from Example 5 is that Figure 10 As shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 10 Only one reel is shown), a bird-proof net covering the water surface, the bird-proof net 14 is low in the middle and high on both sides, a reeled sunshade net is arranged above the bird-proof net, and a spacing is provided between the sunshade net and the bird-proof net (the spacing is ≥ 20 cm to promote air convection and prevent high temperature and high humidity in the interlayer), a vertical extension column 17 is welded to the top of the support column 15 of the bird-proof net, and a plurality of longitudinal cantilevers 18 are welded to the extension column, the reeling shaft 10 of the sunshade net is arranged on the extension column 17, a strip of magnetorheological elastomer is bonded to the edge of the sunshade net, and an electromagnet is installed on the frame or reeling shaft of the sunshade net, so that the reeled sunshade net can be lowered in summer, and when it needs to be reeled up, the electromagnet is activated to achieve rapid reeling, and when unwinding, the electromagnet is powered off to achieve unwinding due to its own weight; In summer, the sunshade net falls directly to the middle of the bird-proof net and spreads out to achieve rapid unwinding. When it needs to be retracted, the electromagnet is activated to achieve rapid rewinding.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-yield and high-efficiency whitebait breeding method, characterized in that, It includes the following steps in sequence: selection of aquaculture waters, removal of debris fish in the waters, killing of pathogens in the waters, cultivation of bait organisms, release of seedlings, ecological management, and efficient fishing; among them, the release of seedlings adopts a rotational capture and release method: seedlings are released in batches; 10%-20% of fertilized eggs are supplemented each year to achieve resource proliferation.

2. A high-yield and high-efficiency whitebait breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aquaculture water selection process is as follows: selecting a large water area with an area of ​​500-5000 mu, a water depth of 2-5 meters, a hard bottom or a sandy mud bottom, and a water quality meeting the pH of 6.5-8.5, a dissolved oxygen of ≥5 mg / L, and no pollution; The process of removing trash fish from the water area is as follows: spraying tea dregs or quicklime over the entire pond; The process of killing pathogens in the water area is as follows: removing the miscellaneous fish in the water area and disinfecting with bleaching powder after 7 days; The bait organism cultivation process is as follows: applying base fertilizer: applying organic fertilizer and urea to large water surface areas and cultivating water 15 days in advance; The seedling placement process is as follows: select high-quality eggs with a hatching rate of ≥80% for seedlings; select seedlings that are 1-2 cm long, active in swimming, and free of injury; the fertilized eggs are placed in winter, and the seedlings are placed in spring; The ecological management process is as follows: efficient bait management, water quality management, and pest control; The efficient fishing process is as follows: fishing in autumn, i.e., from September to November, when whitebait reaches commercial size, or in spring, i.e., from March to April, before reproduction; fishing is carried out at night by light trapping or trawling.

3. a kind of whitebait high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, The amount of tea cake used is 10-15 kg / mu; the amount of quicklime used is 50-75 kg / mu; the amount of bleaching powder used is 1-2 kg / mu; the organic fertilizer is chicken manure, the amount is 100-150 kg / mu, and the amount of urea used is 3-5 kg / mu; When releasing fertilized eggs, choose a winter water temperature of 5-10℃; the release density is 5,000-10,000 eggs per mu, and the fertilized eggs should sink to the bottom of the water to avoid direct sunlight; when releasing seedlings, choose a spring water temperature ≥10℃; the release density is 2,000-3,000 per mu, and the seedlings should be released in the morning on sunny days to reduce stress.

4. a kind of whitebait high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, The efficient bait management includes: natural bait regulation and artificial bait supplementation; the natural bait regulation is: topdressing amino acid fertilizer or EM bacteria every 10 to 15 days; the artificial bait supplementation is: supplementing rotifers or microcapsule feed when plankton is insufficient.

5. a kind of whitebait high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, The dosage of the amino acid fertilizer is 2-3 kg / mu; the dosage of EM bacteria is 5 L / mu; the dosage of rotifers or microcapsule feed is 3%-5% of the fish body weight.

6. a kind of whitebait high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, The water quality management includes: changing 20% ​​to 30% of the water every month, increasing oxygen during high temperature periods to make the dissolved oxygen ≥5 mg / L; and regularly spraying quicklime to adjust the pH.

7. a kind of whitebait high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, The amount of quicklime used is 10-15 kg / mu; and the pH is adjusted to 7.5-8.

5.

8. a kind of whitebait high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, The pH is adjusted to 7.8-8.

3.

9. a kind of whitebait high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, In the water quality management process, silver carp and bighead carp are also mixed cultured, and the breeding density of silver carp and bighead carp is 50 to 100 per mu.

10. A whitebait high-yield and high-efficiency breeding method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pest control includes: setting a blocking net with a mesh size of ≤0.5cm to prevent escape.

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