Elastic layer control type damping module and forming compensation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an elastic layer control type damping module and a forming compensation method thereof. According to the elastic layer control type damping module and the forming compensation method thereof, a wave spectrum induction fiber unit is embedded in a multi-layer rubber and rigid steel plate laminated structure, and a main monitoring fiber power source and a temperature correction fiber unit are arranged in a paired mode and wrapped in a heat insulation layer; in cooperation with a thermal expansion and cold contraction structure, grating pre-offset is avoided through a thermal coupling switching mechanism in the high-temperature vulcanization process, coupling is recovered after cooling, and the shearing performance and the bearing performance of the damping module are not affected. A temperature correction model is adopted to carry out differential compensation on a wavelength response value of the main monitoring fiber unit, so that real stress-strain information of the main monitoring fiber unit is obtained, and the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of shock absorption monitoring technology, and in particular to an elastic layer-controlled shock absorption module and a forming compensation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Conventional vibration-damping modules, such as lead-rubber bearings and sliding bearings, are widely used in buildings and bridge structures to improve seismic performance. With the advancement of structural health monitoring technology, a growing number of studies are attempting to embed sensors with spectrum-sensing fibers into vibration-damping modules to enable real-time acquisition of state parameters such as stress, strain, and temperature.

[0003] However, fiber sensors are extremely sensitive to temperature, and their wavelength center will permanently shift under high-temperature conditions, such as during the vulcanization process at 140-160°C. This can lead to non-uniform initial errors after molding, and the pattern of these errors is difficult to identify and understand, affecting monitoring accuracy and data reliability. Furthermore, because the wavelength changes of spectral sensing fibers are related to stress and temperature, the data obtained during service is the result of the combined influence of both. However, in this project, only stress change data is of interest, so the influence of temperature changes on the monitoring data needs to be eliminated.

[0004] At present, there is no solution to the data errors caused by high temperature during the vulcanization process and temperature changes during service, which makes this monitoring technology difficult to be widely used in engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related technology, the present application provides an elastic layer-controlled shock absorption module and a molding compensation method thereof, aiming to solve the data error problem caused by high temperature during the vulcanization process of the fiber sensor and temperature changes during service.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an elastic layer-controlled shock-absorbing module, comprising:

[0007] Flange plate, rubber layer, steel plate, transmission line, data processor and spectrum sensing fiber unit;

[0008] The rubber layer and the steel plate are alternately stacked between the flange plates, and one or more spectrum sensing fiber units are embedded in the rubber layer;

[0009] The spectrum sensing fiber unit includes a thermal expansion and contraction structure, a thermal insulation layer, a temperature correction fiber unit and a main monitoring fiber unit;

[0010] The temperature correction fiber unit and the main monitoring fiber unit are wrapped in an insulation layer. The main monitoring fiber unit monitors the stress-temperature coupling signal, and the temperature correction fiber unit is decoupled so that the stress on the temperature correction fiber unit is always zero, and only the wavelength change data caused by the temperature influence is monitored.

[0011] The insulation layer, temperature correction fiber unit, and main monitoring fiber unit are installed in the thermal expansion and contraction structure. During the hot vulcanization process of the rubber layer, the thermal expansion and contraction structure provides flexible protection, keeping the temperature correction fiber unit and the main monitoring fiber unit in a semi-decoupled protection state to avoid direct contact with the main body of the rubber layer. After the vulcanization is completed and cooled, the thermal expansion and contraction structure contracts to form a complete coupling interface, ensuring stable signal transmission.

[0012] The transmission line on the spectrum sensing fiber unit is connected to the data processor, which compares the stress-temperature coupling signal and the temperature monitoring signal through the data processor, and uses the onboard temperature correction model to perform wavelength compensation to obtain the true strain value.

[0013] Optionally, in some embodiments of the first aspect, each spectrum sensing fiber unit is paired with a group of temperature correction fiber units and a main monitoring fiber unit, with each group comprising one temperature correction fiber unit and one main monitoring fiber unit.

[0014] Optionally, in some embodiments of the first aspect, the spectrum sensing fiber unit is arranged circumferentially or radially along the rubber layer.

[0015] Optionally, in some embodiments of the first aspect, the thermal insulation layer is a polyimide or silicone coating;

[0016] The insulation layer is used to reduce the heat transfer rate, making the unit heat up more slowly and extending the heating time; it can also reduce the range of temperature fluctuations, especially the impact of the surface layer on the core.

[0017] Optionally, in some embodiments of the first aspect, the thermal expansion and contraction structure of the spectrum sensing fiber unit does not change the original shear performance of the shock-absorbing module, and maintains mechanical stability.

[0018] A second aspect of the present application provides a compensation method for forming an elastic layer-controlled shock-absorbing module, comprising:

[0019] The rubber layer is subjected to heat vulcanization treatment. The thermal expansion and contraction structural characteristics put the spectrum sensing fiber unit in a semi-decoupled protection state, preventing the temperature correction fiber unit and the main monitoring fiber unit from directly contacting the main body of the rubber layer. After the vulcanization is completed and cooled, the thermal expansion and contraction structure shrinks, forming a complete coupling interface to ensure stable signal transmission;

[0020] Establish a temperature correction model;

[0021] By comparing the main monitoring-temperature correction group, the temperature correction model is used to perform automatic wavelength compensation to obtain the true strain value.

[0022] Optionally, in some embodiments of the second aspect, the temperature correction model includes:

[0023] Temperature correction model:

[0024] λ 应变 =λ-λ 温变 (1)

[0025] Spectral drift mapping function of spectrum sensing fiber unit:

[0026] Δλ(t)=K T ΔT+K ε ·εΔλ(t) (2)

[0027] Δλ(t) represents the change in the central wavelength of the spectrum sensing fiber unit at time t, K T , Kε represent the sensitivity coefficients of temperature and strain to the change of the central wavelength of the fiber unit respectively;

[0028] A temperature correction model is used to perform differential compensation on the wavelength response value of the main monitoring fiber unit, thereby obtaining its true stress-strain information and improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

[0029] The technical solution provided by this application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] By embedding spectrum sensing fiber units in the multi-layer rubber and rigid steel plate laminated structure, pairing the main monitoring fiber units with the temperature correction fiber units, and combining the temperature correction model for temperature compensation, the accuracy and reliability of the spectrum sensing fiber units are improved; during the high-temperature vulcanization process, thermal coupling switching is performed through the thermal expansion and contraction structure to avoid the initial error caused by the high temperature of vulcanization, and the coupling is restored after cooling, which does not affect the shear performance and bearing performance of the shock absorption module, and realizes high-precision response monitoring during the service stage. It is suitable for various types of seismic isolation engineering structures.

[0031] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 1 is another structural schematic diagram of the elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the elastic layer controlled shock absorption module forming compensation method shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure numerals: 1-flange plate, 2-rubber layer, 3-steel plate, 4-transmission line, 5-data processor, 6-spectrum sensing fiber unit, 601-thermal expansion and contraction structure, 602-insulation layer, 603-temperature correction fiber unit, 604-main monitoring fiber unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following describes embodiments of the present application in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0040] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0042] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, or integration; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] Conventional vibration-damping modules, such as lead-rubber bearings and sliding bearings, are widely used in buildings and bridges to improve seismic performance. With the advancement of structural health monitoring technology, a growing number of studies are attempting to embed sensors with spectrum-sensing fibers into vibration-damping modules to enable real-time acquisition of state parameters such as stress, strain, and temperature.

[0044] However, because this fiber sensor is extremely sensitive to temperature, its wavelength center will permanently shift under high-temperature conditions, such as during the vulcanization process at 140-160°C. This results in non-uniform initial errors after molding, and the pattern of these errors is difficult to identify and understand, affecting monitoring accuracy and data reliability. Furthermore, because the wavelength changes of spectral sensing fibers are related to stress and temperature, the data obtained during service is the result of the combined influence of both. However, in this project, only stress change data is of interest, so the influence of temperature changes on the monitoring data needs to be eliminated.

[0045] In response to the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide an elastic layer-controlled shock-absorbing module and a molding compensation method thereof, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of the spectrum sensing fiber unit by embedding a spectrum sensing fiber unit in a multi-layer rubber and rigid steel plate laminated structure, pairing the main monitoring fiber and the temperature correction fiber unit, and combining the temperature correction model for temperature compensation; during the high-temperature vulcanization process, thermal coupling switching is performed through the thermal expansion and contraction structure to avoid the initial error caused by the high temperature of vulcanization, and the coupling is restored after cooling, which does not affect the shear performance and bearing performance of the shock-absorbing module, and realizes high-precision response monitoring during the service stage, which is suitable for various types of seismic isolation engineering structures.

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] See also Figure 1 , an elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module, comprising:

[0049] Flange plate 1, rubber layer 2, steel plate 3, transmission line 4, data processor 5 and spectrum sensing fiber unit 6;

[0050] The rubber layers 2 and the steel plates 3 are alternately stacked between the flange plates 1 to form the internal structure of the shock-absorbing module. The multiple rubber layers 2 are inlaid with spectrum sensing fiber units 6, which are arranged circumferentially or radially along the rubber layers 2.

[0051] The spectrum sensing fiber unit 6 comprises a thermal expansion and contraction structure 601, an insulation layer 602, a temperature correction fiber unit 603, and a main monitoring fiber unit 604. Each spectrum sensing fiber unit 6 is paired with a temperature correction fiber unit 603 and a main monitoring fiber unit 604, with each pair consisting of one temperature correction fiber unit 603 and one main monitoring fiber unit 604. The temperature correction fiber unit 603 and the main monitoring fiber unit 604 are encased in an insulation layer 602, which is coated with polyimide and silicone. This layer reduces the heat conduction rate, allowing the unit to heat up more slowly and extending the warm-up time. It also minimizes temperature fluctuations, particularly the impact of the surface layer on the core. The main monitoring fiber unit 604 monitors the stress-temperature coupled signal and is decoupled from the temperature correction fiber unit 603, ensuring that the stress on the temperature correction fiber unit 603 is constantly zero, so that wavelength changes are affected only by temperature. The wavelength change data caused by temperature influences is monitored.

[0052] The insulation layer 602, the temperature correction fiber unit 603 and the main monitoring fiber unit 604 are installed in the thermal expansion and contraction structure 601. Under high temperature, the thermal expansion and contraction structure 601 expands to form a buffer cavity and a decontact area, which slows down the external heat / force transfer. After the vulcanization is completed and cooled, the temperature drops and the contracted fiber unit is restored to fit, and the contact is re-established to achieve the high-temperature vulcanization stage. When the temperature is stable at 140-160°C, the thermal coupling of the fiber unit is switched, and thermal and force insulation shielding is performed. The thermal insulation prevents the heat from being quickly transferred to the fiber unit, and the force insulation prevents the stress of the rubber layer from being transferred to the fiber unit during the high-pressure vulcanization process, causing permanent errors. During the service period, the temperature of 20-50°C can restore the normal heat exchange with the environment, so that the thermal expansion and contraction structure 601 does not change the original shear performance of the shock-absorbing module and maintains mechanical stability. During the hot vulcanization process of the rubber layer 2, the temperature correction fiber unit 603 and the main monitoring fiber unit 604 are placed in a semi-decoupled protection state through the flexible protection of the thermal expansion and contraction structure 601, avoiding direct contact with the main body of the rubber layer 2. After the vulcanization is completed and cooled, the thermal expansion and contraction structure 601 contracts to form a complete coupling interface, ensuring stable signal transmission.

[0053] The transmission line 4 on each spectrum sensing fiber unit 6 is connected to the data processor 5, which compares the stress-temperature coupling signal and the temperature monitoring signal, and uses the temperature correction model to perform wavelength compensation to obtain the true strain value.

[0054] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiment of the application function realization device, the present application also provides an elastic layer-controlled shock-absorbing module forming compensation method and corresponding embodiments.

[0055] A compensating method for forming an elastic layer-controlled shock-absorbing module, comprising:

[0056] S1. The rubber layer is subjected to heat vulcanization treatment. The thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the structure put the spectrum sensing fiber unit in a semi-decoupled protection state, preventing the temperature correction fiber unit and the main monitoring fiber unit from directly contacting the main body of the rubber layer. After the vulcanization is completed and cooled, the thermal expansion and contraction structure shrinks, forming a complete coupling interface and ensuring stable signal transmission;

[0057] S2. Establish a temperature correction model, the temperature correction model is,

[0058] λ 应变 =λ-λ 温变 (1)

[0059] In formula (1), λ 应变 represents the true strain wavelength, λ represents the monitoring wavelength of the main monitoring fiber unit, and λ 温变 Indicates the temperature-corrected fiber unit monitoring wavelength;

[0060] Spectral drift mapping function of the spectrum sensing fiber unit:

[0061] Δλ(t)=K T ΔT+K ε ·εΔλ(t) (2)

[0062] Δλ(t) represents the change in the central wavelength of the spectrum sensing fiber unit at time t, K T , Kε represent the sensitivity coefficients of temperature and strain to the change of the central wavelength of the fiber unit respectively (the sensitivity coefficients of the fiber units of the same batch and specification can be considered to be the same).

[0063] Let λ1(t) be the central wavelength of the main monitoring fiber unit at time t, and λ2(t) be the central wavelength of the temperature correction fiber unit at time t;

[0064] Step 1. Real-time wavelength acquisition:

[0065] Record the central wavelength changes of the main monitoring fiber unit and the temperature correction fiber unit at any time t:

[0066] Δλ1(t)=λ1(t)-λ 10 (3)

[0067] Δλ2(t)=λ2(t)-λ 20 (4)

[0068] Among them, λ 10 ,λ 20 Initial wavelength for the main monitoring fiber unit and the temperature correction fiber unit.

[0069] Step 2. Establishment of differential compensation model:

[0070] The main monitoring fiber unit is affected by both temperature and strain:

[0071] Δλ1(t)=K T ΔT+K ε ·ε (5)

[0072] The temperature correction fiber unit only senses temperature and is not subject to strain, so its wavelength change can be regarded as pure temperature drift:

[0073] Δλ2(t)=K T ΔT+K ε 0 = K T ·ΔT (6)

[0074] Applying the difference method to eliminate the temperature term, we get:

[0075] ε=[Δλ1(t)-Δλ2(t)] / K ε (7)

[0076] ε is the effective strain after removing the temperature drift.

[0077] S3. Using a temperature correction model to perform differential compensation on the wavelength response value of the main monitoring fiber unit, thereby obtaining its true stress-strain information and improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data;

[0078] Specifically, the spectral drift mapping function and temperature correction model of the spectrum sensing fiber unit are used to achieve high-precision service status identification. When encountering temperature changes or stress-strain during service, the wavelength of the fiber unit will drift. The wavelength change of the temperature correction fiber unit can be converted into the temperature change value based on its spectral drift mapping function. The wavelength change of the main monitoring fiber unit is the result of both temperature and strain. In addition to the spectral drift mapping function, the wavelength response value of the main monitoring fiber unit must also be differentially compensated according to the temperature correction model to eliminate the temperature effect, thereby obtaining its true stress-strain information and improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

[0079] The embodiments of the present application have been described above. The above description is illustrative and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An elastic layer-controlled shock-absorbing module, comprising a flange plate (1), a rubber layer (2), and a steel plate (3), wherein the rubber layer (2) and the steel plate (3) are alternately stacked and arranged between the flange plates (1), characterized in that: include: Transmission line (4), data processor (5), spectrum sensing fiber unit (6); One or more spectrum sensing fiber units (6) are embedded on the rubber layer (2); The spectrum sensing fiber unit (6) includes a thermal expansion and contraction structure (601), a heat insulating layer (602), a temperature correction fiber unit (603) and a main monitoring fiber unit (604); The temperature correction fiber unit (603) and the main monitoring fiber unit (604) are wrapped in the thermal insulation layer (602). The main monitoring fiber unit (604) monitors the stress-temperature coupling signal, and the temperature correction fiber unit (603) is decoupled so that the stress on the temperature correction fiber unit (603) is always zero, and only the wavelength change data caused by the temperature influence is monitored. The heat insulating layer (602), the temperature correction fiber unit (603) and the main monitoring fiber unit (604) are installed in the thermal expansion and contraction structure (601). During the hot vulcanization process of the rubber layer (2), the temperature correction fiber unit (603) and the main monitoring fiber unit (604) are placed in a semi-decoupled protection state through the flexible protection of the thermal expansion and contraction structure (601), thereby avoiding direct contact with the main body of the rubber layer (2). After the vulcanization is completed and the rubber layer (2) is cooled, the thermal expansion and contraction structure (601) contracts to form a complete coupling interface, thereby ensuring stable signal transmission. The transmission line (4) on the spectrum sensing fiber unit (6) is connected to the data processor (5), and the stress-temperature coupling signal and the temperature monitoring signal are compared through the data processor (5), and the wavelength compensation is performed using the temperature correction model installed to obtain the true strain value.

2. The elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each spectrum sensing fiber unit (6) is paired with a group of temperature correction fiber units (603) and a main monitoring fiber unit (604), with each group comprising one temperature correction fiber unit (603) and one main monitoring fiber unit (604).

3. The elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectrum sensing fiber unit (6) is arranged circumferentially or radially along the rubber layer (2).

4. The elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulating layer (602) is made of polyimide and silicone coating to reduce the heat conduction rate, extend the heating time, and reduce the temperature fluctuation range.

5. The elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal expansion and contraction structure (601) of the spectrum sensing fiber unit (6) does not change the original shearing performance of the shock-absorbing module, and maintains mechanical stability.

6. A compensating method for forming an elastic layer-controlled shock-absorbing module, applied to the elastic layer-controlled shock-absorbing module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: The rubber layer is subjected to heat vulcanization treatment. The thermal expansion and contraction structural characteristics put the spectrum sensing fiber unit in a semi-decoupled protection state, preventing the temperature correction fiber unit and the main monitoring fiber unit from directly contacting the main body of the rubber layer. After the vulcanization is completed and cooled, the thermal expansion and contraction structure shrinks, forming a complete coupling interface to ensure stable signal transmission; Establish a temperature correction model; By comparing the main monitoring-temperature correction group, the temperature correction model is used to perform automatic wavelength compensation to obtain the true strain value.

7. The elastic layer controlled shock absorbing module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature correction model includes: Temperature correction model: l 应变 =λ-λ 温变 (1) Spectral drift mapping function of the spectrum sensing fiber unit: Δλ(t)=K T ·ΔT+K ε ·εΔλ(t) (2) Δλ(t) represents the change in the central wavelength of the spectrum sensing fiber unit at time t, K T , Kε represent the sensitivity coefficients of temperature and strain to the change of the central wavelength of the fiber unit respectively; A temperature correction model is used to perform differential compensation on the wavelength response value of the main monitoring fiber unit, thereby obtaining its true stress-strain information and improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

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