Construction technology of refined decoration coating engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction process of a refined decoration coating project. The method comprises the steps that S1, tools are prepared, specifically, an ink fountain, a tape measure, a laser gradienter, a construction line, a rubber scraper blade, a steel sheet scraper blade, an iron trowel, a putty supporting plate, an internal and external corner polisher, a plane polisher, a special stirrer, an aluminum alloy guiding rule and a horse-shaped stool are prepared. Systematic base layer treatment and interface reinforcement are conducted, specifically, the problems of hollowing and cracking caused by stress concentration at the junctions of different materials are solved through the laser level meter precise paying-off, concrete wall surface glue rolling and glass fiber net hanging technologies, the base layer bonding strength is enhanced, and the overall stability of the wall surface is improved; and high-precision flatness control is conducted, specifically, a screeding and erecting method is combined with a plastering gypsum layered batch scraping technology, secondary leveling is conducted in cooperation with caulking gypsum, the perpendicularity and flatness error of the wall face is controlled within plus or minus 1 mm, the flatness error of a ceiling is smaller than or equal to 10 mm, and the acceptance standard of high-grade fine decoration is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coating construction, in particular to a construction process for fine decoration coating engineering. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the fine decoration market, the quality and process requirements for coating projects are increasing. Traditional coating processes have problems such as incomplete base treatment, unreasonable material ratio, and insufficient construction precision, which can easily lead to quality defects such as wall hollowing, cracking, peeling, and color difference. Especially in the interface junction (such as concrete and lightweight partition walls), ceiling flatness control, gypsum board joint treatment and other links, conventional processes lack systematic technical solutions and are difficult to meet the high standards of fine decoration. In addition, the finished product protection measures in the existing construction process are insufficient, which can easily cause cross-contamination or secondary damage, affecting the final delivery effect. In response to the above problems, there is an urgent need for a standardized, refined, and highly reliable coating project construction process, which forms a complete technical system from base treatment, material ratio, construction method to acceptance protection to improve project quality and construction efficiency. In view of this, there may already be technical means to solve the above problems in the existing technology, but this case intends to provide an alternative or replacement technical solution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above object is: a construction process for fine decoration and coating engineering, comprising the following steps; Step S1: Prepare tools: ink fountain, tape measure, laser level, construction line, rubber scraper, steel scraper, iron trowel, putty tray, corner grinder, flat grinder, special mixer, aluminum alloy ruler and saddle; Step S2: preparing main and auxiliary materials: including painting plaster, caulking plaster, putty powder, waterproof putty powder, latex paint, 108 construction adhesive, white latex, Dacron cloth, mesh tape, fiberglass mesh, joint paper tape, sandpaper, color separation paper, roller brush, and wool brush; Step S3: Check the base layer and interface handover: Before entering the site, check with the civil engineering party the indoor bay dimensions, depth dimensions, verticality, flatness, and squareness of the inside and outside corners, and record any metal protrusions on the wall, wooden formwork remnants, holes, and defects in the strip wall fasteners; Step S4: Rolling glue on the concrete wall: Use 108 construction glue to roll on the concrete wall, evenly coating it without contaminating the ground; Step S5: Laying out the lines: Determine the square line based on the reference wall, project a vertical crosshair with a laser level and calibrate it to the same scale as the tape measure; when constructing the ceiling, use the laser level to find the lowest point of the ceiling and project it to all four sides; Step S6: Hanging the mesh: Use 200mm wide fiberglass mesh to reinforce the interface between different materials and the reserved openings for construction. First, apply plaster for leveling, then stick the fiberglass mesh and apply plaster. Step S7: Punching reinforcement: Use plaster to set reinforcement on the wall surface, with a spacing of 1 meter. Use a spirit level to control the verticality and flatness of the reinforcement. The thickness of the reinforcement is 3mm, which is equal to the maximum allowable squareness of the wall. Step S8: Apply plaster in batches: Mix plaster: water: white latex in a ratio of 1:0.5:0.1, with a thickness of 5-7 mm. Fill the seams of the ceiling panels with caulking plaster and then apply mesh tape and joint paper tape. Step S9: Caulking plaster leveling: fill in the defects of the plaster interface on the wall, and use caulking plaster to locally level the ceiling and conduct actual testing and acceptance; Step S10: Apply putty in batches: total thickness 1.5 mm, in two passes, and smooth and flatten the top putty without leaving any joints; Step S11: Sanding: Sand with 240# and 360# sandpaper in sequence, and check with a hand light to avoid missing or wearing through. Step S12: Latex primer finishing: dilute the primer with water at a ratio of 0.5:1, and apply by roller or spray to ensure uniform coverage; Step S13: Latex paint topcoat finishing: the topcoat is added to water in a ratio of 1:3, and is applied more than twice, with an interval of 4 hours to avoid dripping or showing through; Step S14: Application of latex paint on the ceiling: The ceiling is painted with spraying combined with roller coating. After cleaning the hollow light groove, the primer and topcoat are applied in this order. Step S15: Finished product protection: After painting, close the windows to prevent dust and prohibit contamination of the completed project until the latex paint is completely dry.

[0004] Preferably, in step S3, the nails and wires on the original ceiling surface need to be cut off to below the ceiling surface with an angle grinder, and then painted with anti-rust paint; the ceiling flatness error is ≤10mm, and 108 construction glue is applied after handover.

[0005] Preferably, in step S5, when laying out the ceiling, the lowest point is determined by a tower ruler as a reference and projected to the four sides of the ceiling surface.

[0006] Preferably, in step S9, the ceiling is leveled only with caulking plaster, and the out-of-tolerance parts must be inspected and accepted by engineers before construction can continue.

[0007] Preferably, in step S3, when the gypsum board ceiling is connected, it is necessary to check the joints for adhesive backing, "T" and "L" shaped anti-cracking treatment, and leaving a gap of 5-8 mm.

[0008] Preferably, in step S8, the ceiling board seam treatment includes caulking with plaster, pasting grid tape and joint paper tape, and ensuring smoothness after scraping.

[0009] Preferably, in step S5, the highest point of the wall is determined by a square line and projected into a movable clear line.

[0010] Preferably, in step S12, the primer needs to be fully applied to cover the bottom transparent area to avoid local repairs.

[0011] Preferably, in step S13, the topcoat needs to be applied straight without dripping or showing through. If it is unqualified, it needs to be reapplied.

[0012] Preferably, in step S15, cleaning is prohibited before the latex paint is completely dry, and shielding measures are taken to protect the completed project.

[0013] The fine decoration and coating construction process produced by the technical solution of the present invention systematically treats the base layer and strengthens the interface: by using a laser level to accurately lay out the lines, concrete wall glue rolling and glass fiber mesh hanging technology, the hollowing and cracking problems caused by stress concentration at the junction of different materials are solved, the bonding strength of the base layer is enhanced, and the overall stability of the wall is improved; High-precision flatness control: The "punching and vertical rib method" is combined with the plaster layering and scraping process, and the joint plaster is used for secondary leveling to control the verticality and flatness errors of the wall within plus or minus 1mm, and the ceiling flatness error is ≤10mm, meeting the acceptance standards for high-end fine decoration; Targeted ceiling construction optimization: Leveling solutions are designed for concrete ceilings and gypsum board ceilings respectively to avoid the risk of ceiling falling due to excessive scraping, ensuring a flat and durable ceiling surface; Standardized material ratios and process parameters: Clarify key ratios for plaster (1:0.5:0.1), putty (total thickness 1.5mm, two coats), and latex paint (primer diluted 0.5:1, topcoat diluted 1:3). Standardize application thickness, sandpaper grit (240#→360#), and coating interval (4 hours) to reduce human error and ensure coating uniformity and adhesion. A full-process finished product protection mechanism: From interface handover inspection to the closed environment for latex paint drying, shielding measures, vacuum cleaning of virtual light slots, and prohibition of cross-operation effectively prevent contamination and collisions, ensuring the paint surface is clean and flawless. Economical and environmentally friendly: Precise marking and layered leveling reduce material waste; low-VOC latex paint and environmentally friendly adhesives (such as 108 construction adhesive) are used to meet green building requirements and reduce the risk of construction environmental pollution; Scalability: The process covers a variety of base scenarios such as concrete, gypsum board, lightweight partition walls, etc., and is suitable for residential and commercial fine decoration projects. It has wide applicability and engineering replication value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following is a detailed description of the construction process of the fine decoration and coating engineering in conjunction with the present invention.

[0015] Embodiment: A construction process for a fine decoration and coating project comprises the following steps: Step S1: preparing tools, including an ink fountain, a tape measure, a laser level, a construction line, a rubber scraper, a steel scraper, an iron trowel, a putty support plate, a corner grinder, a flat grinder, a special stirrer, an aluminum alloy ruler, and a saddle; Step S2: preparing main materials and auxiliary materials, including painting plaster, caulking plaster, putty powder, waterproof putty powder, latex paint, 108 construction adhesive, white latex, Dacron cloth, mesh tape, fiberglass mesh, joint paper tape, sandpaper, color separation paper, roller brush, and wool brush; Step S3: Check the base layer and interface handover, and check the indoor bay size, depth, verticality, flatness, and squareness of the corners before entering the site and handing over to the civil engineering; Step S4: Roll glue on the concrete wall. Roll 108 construction glue on the indoor concrete wall. Main materials: 108 construction glue and roller brush. Use a large roller brush to roll 108 construction glue on the wall. Pay attention to protecting the ground when rolling. Roll the brush evenly without missing any spots. Step S5: Laying out the lines: First, determine the indoor square lines, find the reference wall based on the indoor door and window, set reference points at 300mm on both sides of the wall corner, adjust the laser level and place the laser level at the reference point. After the laser level is placed at the reference point, lay out one of the vertical cross lines. Two people stand at the front and back ends of the wall, and project the vertical cross lines onto two identical tape measures. Use the laser level's fine-tuning knob to adjust the scales of the two tape measures until they are consistent. Step S6: Hanging mesh. On the basis of the original joints between different materials, do another mesh reinforcement. Use 200mm wide fiberglass mesh for mesh treatment at the joints between the concrete wall and the strips, masonry plastering, and reserved construction openings. First, level the wall joints with plastering, stick the fiberglass mesh to the junction of the two walls with white latex, and then apply a layer of plastering plaster. Step S7: Punching ribs. Align the parallel vertical line of the spirit level with the square line on the wall, and apply the mixed plaster to one side of the aluminum alloy ruler. Then, vertically place the aluminum alloy ruler on the wall and press it until the other side of the aluminum alloy ruler coincides with the vertical line of the spirit level, from the ground to the ceiling, which is the "stiffening." Finally, remove the ruler with a fishing line. Make a stiffening every one meter on each wall. Use the parallel vertical line of the spirit level and the square line on the wall to ensure that the stiffenings on the wall are in the same plane. The minimum thickness of the plaster is 3mm, and the maximum thickness is determined by the squareness of the wall. When scraping the plaster on the wall, scrape the plaster between the stiffenings, and use the verticality and flatness of the two stiffenings to control the verticality and flatness of the wall. Step S8: Apply plaster by scraping it. Mix the plaster with water and a small amount of white latex in a ratio of plaster: water: white latex (1:0.5:0.1). Use a special mixer to fully mix the mixture in a large bucket. Apply the mixture on the wall using a putty scraper or a painter's trowel. Use an aluminum alloy single-sided ruler to scrape the plaster up and down against the vertical reinforcement to a thickness of 5-7 mm each time until the wall meets the vertical and flat requirements. Step S9: Leveling the base layer of the caulking gypsum wall, scraping the caulking gypsum again after the plastering is completed, so as to fill the small grooves and holes left on the plaster interface; Step S10: Apply putty with a total thickness of 1.5mm. When applying the first coat of putty for leveling, the thickness of the putty is 0.5mm-0.8mm. When applying the second coat of putty, the thickness is controlled at 0.8mm. The technique is horizontal and vertical, and the force is even. The putty is smooth and flattened. Do not apply it lightly or heavily, so as to avoid uneven colors and paste. No stubble should be left at the joints of the putty. The end of each scraper should be clean and neat. Step S11: Sanding. After the putty is dry, use 240# sandpaper to sand the wall surface to smooth and polish the floating putty and stains. Then clean the wall surface and sand the wall surface with 360# sandpaper. Be careful not to miss any gaps or wear through the putty. When sanding the putty, use a hand lamp to check it as you sand. Step S12: Apply latex primer. Large areas of the wall are painted with a roller, while small areas are painted with a brush. The outer sleeve of the roller brush is made of medium-length wool or synthetic fiber. The wall surface is cleaned first. The application temperature should be controlled according to the product instructions to prevent freezing. Step S13: Applying a latex topcoat. During construction, the latex paint should not be applied too thickly or too thinly. If it is too thick, it will easily drip and wrinkle, affecting the drying and appearance; if it is too thin, the paint will not work. Generally, it is best to fully cover the base, prevent shadows, and ensure a uniform surface. Step S14: Latex paint application on the ceiling surface. Whether it is the original ceiling surface or the gypsum board ceiling surface, the method of large-area spraying and small-area rolling is adopted during the latex paint application. Before spraying, the ceiling working surface must be cleaned. Unlike the wall surface, the dust in the virtual light groove of the gypsum board ceiling must be cleaned with a vacuum cleaner. After the working surface meets the requirements, the ceiling spraying construction begins. The construction sequence is the same as that of the wall surface, that is, latex paint primer application, latex paint topcoat application, and latex paint second coat application. Step S15: Protection of finished latex paint construction products. Clean the surrounding environment before painting to prevent dust from flying and affecting the painting quality. When painting the wall latex paint, do not contaminate the ground, skirting, window sills, balconies, doors, windows and glass and other completed sub-projects. Take shielding measures when necessary. After the last coat of latex paint is applied, close the indoor windows to prevent air flow from taking away moisture and affecting the latex paint's curing effect. Before the latex paint is completely dry, it is prohibited to clean the indoor floor to prevent dust from contaminating the wall. The painted wall must be properly protected and must not be bumped or scribbled on.

[0016] Step S3: Check the base layer and the interface. When constructing the original ceiling surface, the nails and exposed wires left over from the concrete ceiling formwork should be removed with an angle grinder. The removal standard should be lower than the original ceiling surface, and anti-rust paint should be applied for rust prevention. There should be no template joints or misalignment on the surface, and the flatness should be guaranteed to be within 10mm. After the ceiling base layer is processed, the maintenance confirmation of the inspection form is carried out with the civil engineering and the interface handover is completed. After the handover is completed, the painter team is arranged to carry out the construction of the original ceiling surface interface agent, that is, apply 108 construction glue.

[0017] When constructing on the original ceiling surface in step S5, first place the laser level at the midpoint of the ground, lay out a horizontal cross line, use a tape measure to find the lowest point of the ceiling, use this point as the reference point, and project it around the ceiling surface.

[0018] Step S9: When constructing the original ceiling surface during the leveling of the caulking gypsum wall base, prevent the concrete ceiling from being scraped too thickly, which may cause it to fall off later. Therefore, the concrete ceiling is not constructed with plaster leveling, but is directly leveled with caulking gypsum. If the deviation is large within the allowable error range, local leveling is first performed with caulking gypsum, and then the building engineer conducts actual measurement and inspection. After the error is within a reasonable range, the next construction process is carried out.

[0019] Step S3: Check the base layer and interface handover. When constructing the gypsum board ceiling, the carpentry team needs to conduct interface handover with the painting team. During the handover, they should focus on whether the gypsum board is constructed according to the requirements; for example, whether the joints between the two gypsum boards are painted with glue backing, whether the gypsum boards are treated with 'T', 'L' shapes and other anti-crack treatments; whether the gaps between the gypsum boards are between 5-8mm, and whether the surface is flat.

[0020] Step S8: When constructing the gypsum board ceiling by scraping and painting the gypsum, use a scraper to fill the joints of the gypsum board on the ceiling with caulking plaster, then scrape the caulking plaster with a thickness of about 1 mm and a width of about 50 mm, then stick the mesh tape on, use a scraper to scrape and press along the direction of the mesh tape to evenly squeeze the caulking plaster out of the mesh tape, then scrape the caulking plaster; then use the joint paper tape to stick it on the gypsum board ceiling surface.

[0021] Step S3: Check the base layer and interface, and record any major defects in detail; for example: metal protrusions on the wall, wooden formwork remnants, whether there are any remaining holes, whether the fixings of the slat wall are suitable, etc.

[0022] Step S5 is to lay out the lines, using the wall square line to find the highest point of the plastered wall, and to lay out the wall's finished net ruler line based on this point.

[0023] Step S12: Apply latex primer. Dilute the primer with water before painting. The ratio of water to primer is (0.5:1), and stir them evenly. The primer can be applied by roller or spraying. It should be applied with a brush first, starting from one end and gradually brushing along the work surface to the other end. Each brushed surface should be completed at one time to avoid joints. After the first coat of paint is applied, if there is some part that is transparent and the thickness is uneven, it cannot be treated by the filling method. It must be painted all over to ensure consistent color.

[0024] Step S13: Apply latex paint topcoat, with the standard ratio of water to topcoat being 1:3, and stir them evenly. Generally, the paint is applied twice, and the number of times can be increased appropriately if necessary. Under normal temperature conditions, the interval between each coat of paint is about 4 hours. The first coat of topcoat should be applied straightly without arc shape, so that the brush marks are straight, the thickness is uniform, there is no visible joint, no dripping, splashing, bottom transparency and other quality problems. The number of coats should be determined according to the color depth and paint coverage, at least twice. If the problem is serious, re-construction is required.

[0025] Indoor painting project operating conditions: The ambient temperature during general painting construction should not be lower than 10°C, and the relative humidity should not be greater than 60%. During construction, attention should be paid to climate changes; for example, construction should not be carried out in weather such as strong winds, heavy rain, fog, snow, and sandstorms. The wall surface should be basically dry, and the moisture content of the base layer should not exceed 8%. All plastering work should be completed except for the construction openings. To ensure the wall surface is dry, all through-wall holes should be plastered and filled in in advance. Before large-scale construction, process samples and delivery samples should be prepared. Only after they have been inspected and signed by the company's engineering management department can each team be organized to carry out large-scale construction. Step 14 The specific method of shed surface latex paint construction is: first check whether the finished product protection on site is in place, and then use a special latex paint sprayer to spray the construction; When spraying, the spray gun should be moved left and right at a uniform speed. When spraying, the next coat should be pressed against a quarter of the previous coat to prevent leakage. When spraying to the ends of the working surface or the edge of the gypsum board shed, the hand holding the spray gun trigger should be quickly released to reduce the paint mist. When painting public areas, basements and stairways, you should first look at the drawings to determine the specific nodes of the fine decoration painting project to ensure the accuracy of the construction; During the construction of basements and stairways, all external corners should be installed with external corner lines. The process is to draw lines, caulking and plaster leveling, and installing external corner lines and plaster scraping. The key issue with stairways is that the top floor is a key location and is difficult to construct. Therefore, engineers should supervise the erection of scaffolding to ensure safety and quality. During the lobby painting project, scaffolding will be set up and safety belts will be hung. If the elevation is particularly high and the lobby area is large, full-floor scaffolding can be set up, and the carpentry team and the electrician team will coordinate and intersperse the construction; The construction points are the same as those for indoor use, namely: nail hole and joint treatment (press mesh tape on the joints, then paste paper tape), caulking and plaster leveling after the paper tape dries, puttying once, puttying twice, sanding with 240# sandpaper, sanding with 360# sandpaper, latex primer, latex topcoat once, latex topcoat twice; If there is a gypsum board ceiling during the painting construction of the elevator lobby, the procedure should be the same as that of the lobby on the same floor. The elevator lobby involves many closing points, such as: water and electricity well doors, fire doors, air well doors, fire hydrants, entrance doors, elevator doors, etc. Avoid unnecessary secondary damage; Painting of skirting boards and window sills: First, level the area where skirting boards need to be painted, and sand and clean it; then mark the lines at designated points, with the skirting board painting height of 120mm; after marking the lines at designated points, stick masking tape along the outside of the marked lines, and then apply the prepared gray paint, applying evenly and without omissions; check the effect 4 hours after painting. If the effect is not good, repair it immediately and then remove the masking tape; the skirting board should be returned to the eaves (pressed 10mm from the ground), and the dark skirting should be painted at a height of 120mm; and the base of the skirting should be within 10mm of the horizontal surface; paint with gray paint of the same batch color; Note: When marking the lines, pay attention to the protection of the finished product. The same gray paint should be marked with labels and sent to the warehouse for reservation to prevent color difference in later maintenance. Strictly control the time of removing masking tape to avoid damaging the wall; On-site coatings should be protected with finished products underneath to prevent contamination of the ground; When facing the problem of cabinet false beams and openings, if the gap is less than 5mm, the painter should caulk the joints with gypsum and fill the gaps with grid tape, and then reinforce with paper tape to prevent cracking or cracking caused by vibration of the cabinet switch; if the gap is greater than 5mm, the carpenter should cooperate with the addition of small strips of gypsum board, and then caulk the joints with gypsum, press the grid tape and paste the paper tape; Problems with the inner side of the adjacent door moldings and floor skirtings: Strictly control the process. The first coat of latex paint must be applied before the floor is installed. Then the skirtings are installed, the painters fill in the gaps, and finally the masking tape is applied for protection before the second coat of latex paint is applied. When facing the problem of water spots on the edges of holes and painted surfaces: repair after the plaster has taken shape. When repairing, special tools should be used to fill in the gaps to ensure the uniformity of each hole. This will prevent contamination during the next construction process due to problems such as wall squareness or inspection omissions. The sooner the problem is dealt with, the less damage will be caused. We hope that it will attract attention. When facing the problems of finished gypsum line construction, focus on whether the gypsum line is firmly fixed, whether the foaming at the seam is smooth, and whether the seam is backed by the board; The specific method is as follows: When the finished gypsum line is installed, there will be gaps. The carpenter's method is to fill them with foam glue; in addition, the joints of the finished gypsum installation should be repaired with quick-drying powder; When using quick-drying powder for construction, time should be considered, because quick-drying powder dries quickly and should be adjusted as needed to prevent material waste; when filling gaps, it should be strict and no omissions should occur, and then putty should be applied to the surface. After the putty is dry, use 240-grit fine sandpaper to polish the repaired area, and then use 360-grit sandpaper for detailed processing; After polishing, the edges and corners of the plaster line should be smooth, without obvious seams, no missing corners, no honeycomb eyes, etc.; then the normal construction of latex paint can be carried out; For the treatment of simple plaster line joints in the bedroom, you should first use a putty knife or wallpaper knife to scrape off the uneven places, then choose plaster or putty according to the size of the gap to fill it. After the joints are filled, use 360 ​​sandpaper to polish the edges and corners. From the outside, the two joints are completely integrated. Then apply latex paint in the normal process. When faced with extreme control problems inside the curtain box, management personnel should carry a distance meter to conduct actual measurements during construction and promptly correct any problems found. After the installation of the floor skirting is completed, re-inspect any problems found and correct them a second time, ensuring proper protection of the finished product during the correction process. When facing problems with junction boxes, household boxes, and weak current boxes, they should be repaired during maintenance. Special tools should be used to ensure that the squareness of each junction box, household box, and weak current box is uniform. All edges should be pressed with a trowel, and garbage pollution in the holes should be cleaned up. When facing the problem of local waterproof gypsum board construction, waterproof gypsum and waterproof putty are used for construction. Before construction, the interface handover between the carpentry team and the painting team should be completed. The construction process is to level the waterproof gypsum, apply waterproof putty once, apply waterproof putty twice, polish with sandpaper twice, and then roll on waterproof latex paint twice to complete the work. Pay attention to the protection of the finished product during construction. Control of measured data by building engineers during early gypsum construction; During the painting and plaster construction, the engineer should measure the actual quantity for each household and make a record on the wall and on the sample drawing. Verticality is indicated by 'c', flatness is indicated by 'p', corners are indicated by 'j', spans are indicated by 'kj', depths are indicated by 'js', extreme ceiling differences are indicated by 'jd', and hollows are indicated by 'k'.

[0026] Measured data table at different stages After one person can repair the unqualified points for one or two days, the subcontractor team leader will contact the maintenance personnel for repair. During the repair, the management personnel must personally lead and guide the repair; Maintenance focus: All repairs take into account the size of various openings, such as the extreme difference between windows and doorways. If this wall is involved, the indoor bay depth should be corrected, and the building engineer will make a judgment and carry out reasonable repairs; During maintenance, building engineers should reasonably grasp the on-site dimensions. For example, the high points of the wall should be mainly polished; the construction wall should be as thin as possible under the condition of meeting the actual measurement points; All door casings and floor skirtings should be repaired with emphasis, and the flatness of the door casings and skirtings must be controlled within 0mm error to lay a good foundation for later installation; Arrange a team to reconstruct the wall surface that is seriously out of tolerance; if any cracks are found on the wall due to forgetting to treat them during maintenance, they should be scraped off immediately and the cracks should be treated properly; during maintenance, the plaster left in the holes such as the junction box and air conditioning hole should be cleaned; Detailed maintenance after primer application: After primer application, all indoor walls should be systematically repaired. First, all junction boxes should be corrected to facilitate the installation of electricians. Holes such as air conditioning holes and fresh air system holes should be properly treated to provide a good working surface for the installation of air conditioning covers and fresh air system covers. The above repairs are mainly to prevent secondary damage caused by inadequate repair of junction boxes, holes, etc. during installation; after the major rectifications are completed, the problems of indoor bumps, sand holes, etc. will be dealt with; Specific steps: Fill the bumps and sand holes with plaster and then sand them with sandpaper after they are dry. When sanding, all walls should be sanded with a net-like method to provide a good working surface for the topcoat application. Preventive measures for wall cracks: When cracks appear on the original wall, use Dacron cloth and white latex to stick to the cracks before scraping the plaster and whitewashing; Since the indoor temperature is too high due to heating in winter, the indoor temperature is dry and lacks humidity, so a basin of water is placed in each room to maintain the indoor humidity and prevent cracking; Preventive measures for cracks in gypsum boards: leave a 5-8mm gap between gypsum boards, fill the gap with caulking plaster, then use mesh cloth with white latex to stick to the joint, and then scrape the plaster white; Solution for cracked gypsum ceilings: Cut the cracks with a wallpaper knife to expose the plaster layer from the previous construction period, and remove the original bandages; clean all the caulking plaster from the gypsum board seams; use Hangang white latex and fine-mesh caulking plaster to fill, compact, and level the gypsum board seams; cover and compact the seams with paper bandages or mesh tape; use Hangang white latex when pressing the bandages, and then apply the paper tape; After the paper tape has dried, use white glue and caulking plaster to fill the bandage area and cover it completely; After the caulking plaster is dry, apply white latex and putty powder twice; After the putty is completely dry, use 360# sandpaper to polish it; pay attention to the intersection of the scraped part and the living surface when polishing. After sanding, clean the white dust with a brown brush; then apply latex paint; Wall crack rectification plan: remove the plaster and putty at the crack (width 100mm); expose the plaster layer, and widen the seam on the plaster layer with a putty knife; Use Hangang white latex and fine-mesh gypsum to fill, compact and level the joints; Use mesh tape or Dacron cloth to cover and flatten the seam, and then paste paper tape.

[0027] The above technical solutions only reflect the preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions of the present invention. Any changes that may be made to certain parts thereof by those skilled in the art all reflect the principles of the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The construction process of fine decoration painting engineering is characterized by: The following steps are included: Step S1: Prepare tools: ink fountain, tape measure, laser level, construction line, rubber scraper, steel scraper, iron trowel, putty tray, corner grinder, flat grinder, special mixer, aluminum alloy ruler and saddle; Step S2: preparing main and auxiliary materials: including painting plaster, caulking plaster, putty powder, waterproof putty powder, latex paint, 108 construction adhesive, white latex, Dacron cloth, mesh tape, fiberglass mesh, joint paper tape, sandpaper, color separation paper, roller brush, and wool brush; Step S3: Check the base layer and interface handover: Before entering the site, check with the civil engineering party the indoor bay dimensions, depth dimensions, verticality, flatness, and squareness of the inside and outside corners, and record any metal protrusions on the wall, wooden formwork remnants, holes, and defects in the strip wall fasteners; Step S4: Rolling glue on the concrete wall: Use 108 construction glue to roll on the concrete wall, evenly coating it without contaminating the ground; Step S5: Laying out the lines: Determine the square line based on the reference wall, project a vertical crosshair with a laser level and calibrate it to the same scale as the tape measure; when constructing the ceiling, use the laser level to find the lowest point of the ceiling and project it to all four sides; Step S6: Hanging the mesh: Use 200mm wide fiberglass mesh to reinforce the interface between different materials and the reserved openings for construction. First, apply plaster for leveling, then stick the fiberglass mesh and apply plaster. Step S7: Punching reinforcement: Use plaster to set reinforcement on the wall surface, with a spacing of 1 meter. Use a spirit level to control the verticality and flatness of the reinforcement. The thickness of the reinforcement is 3mm, which is equal to the maximum allowable squareness of the wall. Step S8: Apply plaster in batches: Mix plaster: water: white latex in a ratio of 1:0.5:0.1, with a thickness of 5-7 mm. Fill the seams of the ceiling panels with caulking plaster and then apply mesh tape and joint paper tape. Step S9: Caulking plaster leveling: fill in the defects of the plaster interface on the wall, and use caulking plaster to locally level the ceiling and conduct actual testing and acceptance; Step S10: Apply putty in batches: total thickness 1.5 mm, in two passes, and smooth and flatten the top putty without leaving any joints; Step S11: Sanding: Sand with 240# and 360# sandpaper in sequence, and check with a hand light to avoid missing or wearing through. Step S12: Latex primer finishing: dilute the primer with water at a ratio of 0.5:1, and apply by roller or spray to ensure uniform coverage; Step S13: Latex paint topcoat finishing: the topcoat is added to water in a ratio of 1:3, and is applied more than twice, with an interval of 4 hours to avoid dripping or showing through; Step S14: Application of latex paint on the ceiling: The ceiling is painted with spraying combined with roller coating. After cleaning the hollow light groove, the primer and topcoat are applied in this order. Step S15: Finished product protection: After painting, close the windows to prevent dust and prohibit contamination of the completed project until the latex paint is completely dry.

2. The construction process for fine decoration and painting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the nails and wires on the original ceiling surface need to be cut off to below the ceiling surface with an angle grinder and painted with anti-rust paint; the ceiling flatness error is ≤10mm, and 108 construction glue is applied after handover.

3. The construction process for fine decoration and painting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S5, when laying out the ceiling, the lowest point is determined by a tower ruler as a reference and projected to the surrounding areas of the ceiling.

4. The construction process for fine decoration and painting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S9, the ceiling is leveled only with caulking plaster, and the out-of-tolerance parts must be tested and accepted by the engineer before construction can continue.

5. The construction process for fine decoration and painting engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, when the gypsum board ceiling is connected, it is necessary to check the joints, apply glue backing, "T" and "L" shaped anti-cracking treatment, and leave a gap of 5-8mm.

6. The construction process for fine decoration and painting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S8, the ceiling board seam treatment includes caulking with plaster, applying mesh tape and joint paper tape, and ensuring smoothness after scraping.

7. The construction process for fine decoration and painting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S5, the highest point of the wall is determined by the square line and projected into a movable clear line.

8. The construction process for fine decoration and painting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S12, the primer needs to be fully applied to cover the bottom transparent area to avoid local repairs.

9. The construction process for fine decoration and painting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S13, the topcoat needs to be applied straight without dripping or showing through. If it is unqualified, it needs to be reapplied.

10. The construction process for fine decoration and painting engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S15, cleaning is prohibited before the latex paint is completely dry, and shielding measures are taken to protect the completed project.

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