Multi-dimensional sensing collaborative feeding amount intelligent regulation and control system for silage harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional sensing cooperative feeding amount intelligent regulation and control system for a silage harvester, belongs to the technical field of silage harvester control, and solves the problem that the feeding amount control of a traditional corn silage harvester is unstable. A torque sensor integrated with a belt pulley is arranged at a power input belt pulley of the chopping component, a feeding roller rotating speed sensor is arranged at a feeding roller, the angle sensor, the torque sensor and the feeding roller rotating speed sensor are jointly connected to a control unit of the intelligent regulation and control system, and a feeding quantity calculation model based on a machine learning algorithm is arranged in the control unit. The control unit is respectively connected with a power output adjusting control unit and an advancing speed adjusting control unit. According to the corn silage harvester, the problems that a traditional silage harvester is large in mechanical feeding amount fluctuation, the maximum efficiency of equipment cannot be exerted, and energy consumption is high are solved, the working efficiency of corn silage harvesting is remarkably improved, and reliable technical support is provided for agricultural modernization production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of silage harvester control, and in particular relates to a multi-dimensional sensing coordinated feeding amount intelligent control system for a silage harvester. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the quality and efficiency of corn silage harvesting operations are closely related to the development of animal husbandry, and stable control of the feed rate of corn silage harvesters is key. Traditional silage harvesters mostly rely on mechanical gear speed limiters or manually controlled throttle to adjust the vehicle speed to control the feed rate. Therefore, they cannot adapt to the different environments of silage corn fields and have obvious disadvantages: when the corn is dense, if the vehicle speed does not change, it will lead to overfeeding and blockage; when the corn is sparse, the feed rate will not reach the rated amount of the equipment, resulting in power waste. Actual operation data shows that the feed rate of traditional models in fields with large density differences fluctuates by 30%-50%, resulting in energy consumption 20%-30% higher than ideal and operating efficiency reduced by 15%-20%. With the development of agricultural modernization, traditional feed control methods can no longer meet the requirements of large-scale and intensive production for intelligent and efficient harvesters. A breakthrough in intelligent feed rate control system is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-dimensional sensing collaborative feed amount intelligent control system for a silage harvester to solve the problem of unstable feed amount control of traditional corn silage harvesters.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-dimensional sensing collaborative feeding amount intelligent control system for a forage harvester, the forage harvester includes a feeding roller group, a chopping component and a feeding roller, the rotating shaft of the feeding roller group is provided with an angle sensor of a rear floating feeding roller, the power input pulley of the chopping component is provided with a pulley-integrated torque sensor, the feeding roller is provided with a feeding roller speed sensor, the angle sensor, the pulley-integrated torque sensor and the feeding roller speed sensor are connected to the control unit of the intelligent control system through a high-speed data transmission bus, the control unit has a built-in feeding amount calculation model based on a machine learning algorithm, and the control unit is respectively connected to a power output adjustment control unit and a travel speed adjustment control unit.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, the power output regulation control unit includes an engine throttle controller and a hydraulic pump displacement regulator.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the travel speed adjustment control unit adopts an electro-hydraulic proportional control travel drive system.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the collaborative operation of multiple sensors and a shredder component, the system collects key data related to feed rate in real time, enabling accurate calculation of the feed rate for a corn silage harvester. Simultaneously, by utilizing a closed-loop feedback control mechanism and combining it with advanced algorithms for analysis and processing, it dynamically adjusts the silage harvester's power output and travel speed, keeping the feed rate within the rated range. This effectively addresses the large feed rate fluctuations and high energy consumption of conventional silage harvesters, significantly improving corn silage harvesting efficiency, ensuring feed quality, and providing reliable technical support for modern agricultural production.

[0008] The present invention also has the following beneficial effects: 1. Precise control of feed rate: Through the coordinated measurement of high-precision angle sensors, torque sensors, and speed sensors, and the establishment of a calculation model based on the basic equipment dimensions, the system can accurately calculate the feed rate in real time. By comparing it with the rated feed rate, the vehicle speed can be adjusted to adjust the feed rate. Actual testing has shown that the system can control the feed rate fluctuation range to within 5%, effectively avoiding the large feed fluctuations encountered by traditional mechanical equipment and achieving precise control of the feed rate.

[0009] 2. Reduced energy consumption: Dynamically adjusts power output and travel speed based on actual feed volume, avoiding inefficient power consumption. Comparative tests under different operating environments have shown that using the control system of this invention reduces energy consumption of corn silage harvesters by 25%-30% compared to traditional equipment, significantly improving energy efficiency and reducing agricultural production costs.

[0010] 3. Improved Operational Efficiency: Stable feed rates and optimal power and speed adjustments enable the corn silage harvester to operate continuously and efficiently. This reduces blockages and downtime caused by unstable feed rates, improving operational efficiency by 30%-40%. This significantly shortens operation time in large-scale corn silage harvesting operations, meeting the timeliness requirements of modern agricultural production.

[0011] 4. Guaranteed feed quality: Precise feed control ensures uniform shredding of corn silage, avoiding uneven shredding quality caused by feed fluctuations. Testing has shown that silage harvested using this system has a shred length qualification rate exceeding 98%, providing high-quality, stable silage for the livestock industry, helping to improve livestock growth performance and breeding efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a right view of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a left sectional view of the system structure of the present invention.

[0013] In the figure: 1-power input pulley; 2-torque sensor; 3-angle sensor; 4-rear floating feed roller connecting plate; 5-feed roller speed sensor; 6-rear fixed feed roller; 7-rear floating feed roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a multi-dimensional sensing collaborative feeding amount intelligent control system for a forage harvester is provided. The forage harvester includes a feeding roller group, a chopping component and a feeding roller. An angle sensor 3 of a floating feeding roller group 7 is provided at the rotating shaft of the feeding roller group, a pulley-integrated torque sensor 2 is provided at the power input pulley 1 of the chopping component, and a feeding roller speed sensor 5 is provided at the feeding roller. The angle sensor 3, the pulley-integrated torque sensor 2 and the feeding roller speed sensor 5 are connected to a control unit of the intelligent control system through a high-speed data transmission bus. The control unit has a built-in feeding amount calculation model based on a machine learning algorithm, and the control unit is respectively connected to a power output adjustment control unit and a travel speed adjustment control unit.

[0016] The power output control unit includes an engine throttle controller and a hydraulic pump displacement regulator. The travel speed control unit uses an electro-hydraulic proportional control travel drive system.

[0017] Example 1 The system in Example 1 mainly consists of a rear fixed feed roller 6, a rear floating feed roller 7, a rear floating feed roller connecting plate 4, a chopping roller, an angle sensor 3, a torque sensor 2 integrated with the power input pulley, a feed roller speed sensor 5, a control unit, a power output adjustment control unit, and a vehicle travel speed adjustment control unit.

[0018] The angle sensors for the seven rear floating feed rollers utilize high-precision MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) angle sensors. These sensors are compact, highly accurate, and offer fast response times, enabling real-time and accurate measurement of the feed roller angle changes during operation. The angle changes of the feed rollers can be used to calculate the distance between the fixed and floating rollers. The cross-sectional area of ​​the material passing through can then be calculated based on the feed opening width. The second feed rate can then be calculated based on the material's compression density. Therefore, the angle data collected by the angle sensor serves as a key parameter for measuring feed rate.

[0019] The power input torque sensor 2 is integrated into the power input pulley 1, saving installation space and transmitting the pulley's torque to the shredding and feed rollers. This sensor accurately measures the torque applied to the shredding roller shaft. This torque directly reflects the load demand placed on the power system by the feed rate, providing a key basis for the system to determine feed rate.

[0020] The feed roller speed sensor 5 uses a non-contact speed sensor to accurately measure the speed of the corn silage harvester's feeding mechanism. There's a close correlation between feed roller speed and feed rate. The faster the feed roller speed, the greater the theoretical feed rate per unit time. Therefore, feed roller speed information is essential for calculating feed rate.

[0021] These three sensors work in conjunction with the shredder assembly to transmit collected angle, torque, and feed speed data in real time to the system's data processor via a high-speed data bus. This system utilizes a high-performance ARM microprocessor and a built-in feed rate calculation model based on a machine learning algorithm. This model, trained on extensive real-world operational data, accurately calculates the corn silage harvester's feed rate in real time based on sensor data.

[0022] The system also features a power output control unit and a travel speed control unit. The power output control unit's adjustment mechanism primarily consists of an engine throttle controller and a hydraulic pump displacement regulator. When the control unit calculates an increasing feed rate, it instructs the engine throttle controller to increase engine speed and simultaneously controls the hydraulic pump displacement regulator to increase pump displacement, thereby increasing power output. When the feed rate decreases, the control unit instructs the engine throttle controller to reduce engine speed and hydraulic pump displacement, thereby lowering power output and minimizing energy waste. The travel speed control unit utilizes an electro-hydraulic proportional control travel drive system. When the feed rate is excessive, the control unit instructs the machine to reduce travel speed, minimizing the feed rate per unit time. Conversely, when the feed rate is too low, the control unit increases travel speed appropriately. The power output control unit and the travel speed control unit work together to form a closed-loop feedback control system, ensuring that the feed rate remains within the ideal range, ensuring stable and efficient operation of the corn silage harvester.

[0023] In practical applications, the sensor installation and commissioning must be performed first. The angle sensor 3 for the rear floating feed roller group 7 is mounted near the feed roller's rotation axis to ensure accurate sensing of the roller's angle changes. During installation, strictly follow the installation instructions to ensure the sensor's precise positioning and avoid inaccurate measurement data due to installation errors. After installation, the sensor is calibrated using standard angle calibration equipment to ensure that its measurement accuracy meets system requirements.

[0024] The outer ring of the pulley-integrated torque sensor 2 is mounted on the power input pulley 1, and the inner ring is connected to the shredder roller. After installation, a torque loading test is performed to verify the sensor's measurement accuracy and stability.

[0025] The installation position of the feeding roller speed sensor 5 should be selected at a suitable position of the feeding mechanism, and a baffle that can rotate with the feeding roller should be installed on the feeding roller to ensure that the distance between the sensor and the baffle is within the measurement range of the sensor.

[0026] After each sensor is installed and debugged, it is connected to the control unit via a high-speed data transmission bus. After the system is started, the control unit automatically initializes and configures each sensor to ensure that the sensor can work properly and transmit data accurately.

[0027] During harvesting, sensors collect angle, torque, and speed data in real time and transmit it to a data processor. The processor processes and calculates the current feed rate according to a pre-set feed rate calculation model based on a machine learning algorithm. If the feed rate fluctuates, the processor responds quickly, issuing commands to the power output control unit and the travel speed control unit.

[0028] For example, when a forage harvester reaches a densely grown cornfield, the feed rate gradually increases, and the torque sensor 2 integrated into the pulley senses the increased torque of the chopping roller. After comprehensively analyzing this data, the data processor determines that the feed rate has increased and then issues a command to the hydraulic pump displacement regulator to increase the hydraulic pump displacement by 15%, thereby increasing power output. It also instructs the speed control unit to reduce the travel speed by 20%, thereby reducing the feed rate per unit time. After a period of adjustment, when the feed rate returns to the ideal range, the control unit gradually adjusts the power output and travel speed to ensure stable and efficient operation of the harvester.

[0029] On the contrary, if the silage harvester moves to an area with sparse corn growth, the feed amount will decrease, and the control unit will increase the travel speed accordingly to ensure that the harvester can achieve precise control of the intelligent feed amount in different operating environments, ensuring efficient and stable harvesting operations.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional sensing coordinated feed rate intelligent control system for a forage harvester, the forage harvester comprising a feed roller assembly, a chopping unit, and a feed roller, characterized by: An angle sensor (3) of a rear floating feeding roller (7) is provided at the rotating shaft of the feeding roller group, a pulley-integrated torque sensor (2) is provided at the power input pulley (1) of the shredding component, and a feeding roller speed sensor (5) is provided at the feeding roller. The angle sensor (3), the pulley-integrated torque sensor (2) and the feeding roller speed sensor (5) are connected to a control unit of an intelligent control system through a high-speed data transmission bus. The control unit has a built-in feeding amount calculation model based on a machine learning algorithm, and the control unit is respectively connected to a power output adjustment control unit and a travel speed adjustment control unit.

2. The multi-dimensional sensing coordinated feeding amount intelligent control system for a forage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output regulation control unit includes an engine throttle controller and a hydraulic pump displacement regulator.

3. The multi-dimensional sensing coordinated feeding amount intelligent control system for a forage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The travel speed adjustment control unit adopts an electro-hydraulic proportional control travel drive system.

Images