Nanoparticle evaporation preparation device and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nano-particle preparation, in particular to a nano-particle evaporation preparation device which comprises a reaction kettle, a cooling granulation mechanism for cooling raw material smoke to promote nucleation is arranged at the upper end of an inner cavity of the reaction kettle, and a smoke evaporation mechanism for heating and evaporating raw materials is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the reaction kettle. A flat plate collection mechanism is arranged between the smoke evaporation mechanism and the cooling granulation mechanism, an annular inflation mechanism for providing low-pressure inert gas is arranged on the outer side of the reaction kettle, and the cooling granulation mechanism comprises a mounting circular plate movably mounted on a circular end cover. According to the invention, the cooling granulation mechanism is arranged, and the rotary drum assembly and the mounting circular plate are matched with each other, so that the rotary drum assembly can be in a uniform-speed rotation state while performing shock cooling on the raw material smoke, and the raw material smoke in the reaction kettle can be mechanically stirred, thereby effectively preventing particle aggregation; and the collision speed of the raw material smoke and the rotary drum assembly can be obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nanoparticle preparation, and in particular to a nanoparticle evaporation preparation device and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Nanogeochemistry is an interdisciplinary field that combines nanotechnology with exploration geochemistry. As an effective deep-penetrating geochemical measurement technique, it has broad application prospects in deep mineral resource exploration and geological process research. Its core technology leverages the unique properties of nanoparticles, such as their high surface area and strong adsorption, to study the migration, transformation, and enrichment of metal elements in geochemical samples such as rocks, soils, and water. This can better reveal the geochemical mechanisms of deep mineralization at a microscopic level, achieving technological innovation that integrates microscopic research with macroscopic geological process applications.

[0003] Separating, capturing, and preparing nanoparticles are common methods used in nanogeochemical research. Using physical and chemical methods to extract and synthesize nanomaterials and achieve the enrichment of nanometal particles provides a material basis for research in nanogeochemical technology. Nanoparticle evaporation preparation is a common physical synthesis method. Its principle is to heat a substance into a gaseous state and then condense the gaseous molecules or atoms into nanoparticles by cooling. The main process includes steps such as material selection, evaporation, condensation, and collection. However, in the prior art, when people use evaporation preparation devices to prepare nanoparticles, due to the high surface energy of nanoparticles, it is easy to form large agglomerated particles. Obviously, this will not only cause trouble for subsequent collection operations, but more importantly, it will affect the total surface area of ​​the nanoparticles and reduce performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a nanoparticle evaporation preparation device and a preparation method thereof, which solves the technical problem that particle agglomeration often occurs when people evaporate and prepare nanoparticles in the existing technology, resulting in a reduction in the total surface area of ​​the nanoparticles and a reduction in performance. It has the advantage of being able to effectively prevent particle agglomeration during the nanoparticle preparation process.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a nanoparticle evaporation preparation device, comprising a reactor, a circular end cover is detachably installed on the upper end of the reactor, a cooling granulation mechanism is provided at the upper end of the reactor inner cavity for cooling the smoke of the original substance to promote nucleation, a smoke evaporation mechanism is provided at the lower end of the reactor inner cavity for heating and evaporating the original substance, a flat plate collecting mechanism is provided between the smoke evaporation mechanism and the cooling granulation mechanism, an annular inflation mechanism for providing low-pressure inert gas is provided on the outside of the reactor, the original substance will gradually evaporate after being heated by the smoke evaporation mechanism, and then the smoke of the original substance generated by evaporation will flow upward and contact the cooling granulation mechanism, and then the smoke will Under the action of the cooling and granulation mechanism, the particles are rapidly cooled and nucleated to form atomic clusters, which eventually grow into nanoparticles. The cooling and granulation mechanism includes a mounting circular plate movably mounted on a circular end cover, a driving motor for driving the mounting circular plate fixedly mounted on the upper end of the circular end cover, a rotating drum assembly for quenching the raw material smoke is provided on the mounting circular plate, a fixed screw is fixedly mounted on the flat plate collecting mechanism, a rotating bracket is provided on the outside of the fixed screw, and a number of annular scrapers are detachably mounted on the rotating bracket. When the nanoparticles are prepared, the mounting circular plate will rotate under the action of the driving motor, and when the mounting circular plate rotates, multiple rotating drum assemblies will rotate synchronously, thereby preventing particle agglomeration.

[0006] Preferably, the drum assembly includes a metal cylinder with a smooth surface, and the interior of the metal cylinder is filled with liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen serves as a cooling medium, which can keep the surface of the metal cylinder at a low temperature. When it comes into contact with the original substance smoke, it will quickly cool the smoke and form nuclei.

[0007] Preferably, the drum assembly is provided with several annular scrapers at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting circular plate, the number of annular scrapers matches the number of drum assemblies, the annular scrapers are located outside the drum assembly, and the inner diameter of the annular scrapers matches the outer diameter of the drum assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating bracket is threadably matched with the fixed screw rod. When the rotating bracket rotates synchronously with the drum assembly, it moves up and down under the action of the fixed screw rod.

[0009] Preferably, the flat plate collecting mechanism includes a circular plate body that can be detachably mounted inside the reactor, the middle part of the circular plate body is fixedly connected to the fixed screw, a hollow cavity is provided inside the circular plate body, an elliptical through groove is provided on the surface of the circular plate body for the raw material smoke to pass through, a sealing plate assembly is movably installed inside the hollow cavity, and a micro motor for driving the sealing plate assembly is fixedly installed at the lower end of the circular plate body. During the heating and evaporation process, the elliptical through groove is in an open state. At this time, the raw material smoke generated by evaporation will flow to the upper end of the reactor through the elliptical through groove.

[0010] Preferably, the smoke evaporation mechanism includes a heating crucible fixedly installed inside the reactor, an electric heating device is fixedly installed at the lower end of the reactor, a protective mesh cover is movably installed at the upper end of the heating crucible, a plurality of fixed round rods are fixedly installed inside the protective mesh cover, a stirring straight plate is provided at the lower end of the fixed round rod, a plurality of fixed side plates are provided on the outside of the protective mesh cover along the circumferential direction, the lower end of the fixed side plate is fixedly connected to an annular gear ring, a driving vertical shaft is movably installed inside the reactor, a fan blade assembly is provided at the upper end of the driving vertical shaft, and a transmission gear is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the driving vertical shaft. When the driving vertical shaft rotates, the fan blade assembly and the transmission gear rotate synchronously, thereby accelerating the flow rate of the raw material smoke flowing upward.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission gear is engaged with the annular gear ring. When the transmission gear rotates, the annular gear ring will rotate synchronously, and when the annular gear ring rotates, the protective net cover will rotate synchronously.

[0012] Preferably, the annular inflation mechanism includes an annular air pipe fixedly mounted on the outside of the reactor, a gas storage tank body is provided on one side of the reactor, a plurality of exhaust nozzles are provided at equal intervals on the inner side of the annular air pipe, the exhaust nozzles are connected to the interior of the reactor, and a valve is provided between the annular air pipe and the exhaust nozzles. The valve is initially in a closed state and will automatically open during inflation.

[0013] Preferably, a water storage interlayer is provided inside the side wall of the reactor, and a water control component is provided at the lower end of the outer side of the reactor. The water control component is a connecting valve. Before preparing the nanoparticles, the staff will fill the water storage interlayer with ice water through the connecting valve. After the preparation is completed, the staff will use the connecting valve to release the water inside the water storage interlayer.

[0014] Preferably, the nanoparticle evaporation preparation method is as follows: first, the raw material required for the preparation of the nanoparticles is placed inside the heating crucible, and the interior of the reactor is evacuated using a vacuum pump, and then the raw material is heated by an electric heating device to evaporate it into smoke. Next, the smoke will flow to the upper end of the inner cavity of the reactor under the action of the fan blade assembly. Finally, the rotating drum assembly and the annular inflation mechanism will quickly cool the raw material smoke to complete the preparation of the nanoparticles.

[0015] By means of the above technical solution, the present invention provides a nanoparticle evaporation preparation device and preparation method thereof, which have at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a cooling and granulating mechanism and utilizes the mutual cooperation between the drum assembly and the mounting circular plate. The drum assembly is in a uniform rotation state while rapidly cooling the raw material smoke. This can not only mechanically stir the raw material smoke in the reactor, thereby effectively preventing particle agglomeration, but also significantly increase the collision rate between the raw material smoke and the drum assembly.

[0016] 2. The present invention sets a cooling granulation mechanism and utilizes the mutual cooperation between the fixed screw and the annular scraper to automatically scrape off the nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the metal cylinder during the cooling of the original material smoke, making it convenient for the staff to collect the nanoparticles and at the same time maintaining the cooling performance of the metal cylinder.

[0017] 3. The present invention provides an annular inflation mechanism, utilizes the interaction between the annular air pipe and the exhaust nozzle, and adopts a combination of inert gas cooling and liquid nitrogen quenching to cool the raw material smoke, which can effectively improve the cooling efficiency of the raw material smoke.

[0018] 4. The present invention provides a flat collecting mechanism and utilizes the mutual cooperation between the hollow cavity and the blocking plate assembly to ensure that the original material smoke can smoothly reach the upper end of the reactor and contact the drum assembly, and prevent a large number of nanoparticles from falling to the bottom of the reactor cavity after being generated, thereby facilitating the collection of the nanoparticles by the staff and preventing the nanoparticles from being contaminated.

[0019] 5. The present invention provides a smoke evaporation mechanism and utilizes the mutual cooperation between the transmission gear and the annular gear ring to automatically stir the original material in the heating crucible during the heating and evaporation process, thereby ensuring that the original material can be heated evenly during the heating process, which can effectively improve the uniformity of smoke generation.

[0020] 6. The present invention provides a smoke evaporation mechanism and utilizes the interaction between the protective mesh cover and the fan blade assembly to prevent the original material from falling during the stirring process and to enable the original material to evaporate quickly to form smoke, thereby effectively improving the preparation efficiency of nanoparticles.

[0021] 7. The present invention provides an annular inflation mechanism and utilizes the mutual cooperation between the water storage interlayer and the water control component to allow the inert gas to enter the reactor from multiple directions at the same time, so that the inert gas can fully contact with the original material smoke. In addition, the ice water inside the water storage interlayer can effectively prevent the temperature of the inert gas inside the annular air pipe from rising. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reactor in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling and granulating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating bracket in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flat plate collecting mechanism in the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke evaporation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the protective screen in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving vertical shaft in the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the annular inflation mechanism in the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the water storage interlayer in the present invention.

[0023] Figure: 1. Reactor; 2. Circular end cap; 3. Cooling and granulating mechanism; 301. Mounting circular plate; 302. Drive motor; 303. Rotating drum assembly; 304. Fixed screw; 305. Rotating bracket; 306. Annular scraper; 4. Flat plate collecting mechanism; 401. Circular plate; 402. Hollow cavity; 403. Oval through-slot; 404. Sealing plate assembly; 405. Micromotor; 5. Smoke evaporation mechanism; 501. Heating crucible; 502. Electric heating device; 503. Protective mesh cover; 504. Fixed round rod; 505. Stirring straight plate; 506. Fixed side plate; 507. Annular gear ring; 508. Driving vertical shaft; 509. Fan blade assembly; 510. Transmission gear; 6. Annular inflation mechanism; 601. Annular air pipe; 602. Gas storage tank body; 603. Exhaust nozzle; 604. Water storage interlayer; 605. Water control assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1 In the prior art, when nanoparticles are prepared using evaporation preparation devices, due to the high surface energy of nanoparticles, it is easy to form large agglomerated particles. Obviously, this will not only cause trouble in the subsequent collection operation, but more importantly, it will affect the total surface area of ​​the nanoparticles and reduce performance. In order to solve this technical defect in the prior art, such as Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment proposes a nanoparticle evaporation preparation device, which can effectively prevent particle agglomeration and significantly increase the collision rate between the raw material smoke and the drum assembly 303. The upper end of the reactor 1 of the device is detachably mounted with a circular end cover 2. The upper end of the inner cavity of the reactor 1 is provided with a cooling granulation mechanism 3 for cooling the raw material smoke to promote nucleation. The lower end of the inner cavity of the reactor 1 is provided with a smoke evaporation mechanism 5 for heating and evaporating the raw material. A flat plate collecting mechanism 4 is provided between the smoke evaporation mechanism 5 and the cooling granulation mechanism 3. The outside of the reactor 1 is provided with a ring-shaped inflation mechanism 6 for providing low-pressure inert gas. The raw material will gradually evaporate after being heated by the smoke evaporation mechanism 5. Next, the raw material smoke generated by evaporation will flow upward and contact the cooling granulation mechanism 3. Subsequently, the smoke will be rapidly cooled and nucleated to form atomic clusters under the action of the cooling granulation mechanism 3, and finally grow into nanoparticles.

[0026] In order to quickly cool the smoke of the raw material and prevent the particles from agglomerating as much as possible, a cooling granulation mechanism 3 is provided in this embodiment. Specifically, the cooling granulation mechanism 3 includes a mounting circular plate 301 movably mounted on the circular end cover 2. A driving motor 302 for driving the mounting circular plate 301 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the circular end cover 2. A rotating drum assembly 303 for rapidly cooling the smoke of the raw material is provided on the mounting circular plate 301. The rotating drum assembly 303 includes a metal cylinder with a smooth surface. Liquid nitrogen is filled inside the metal cylinder. Liquid nitrogen is used as a cooling medium to keep the surface of the metal cylinder at a low temperature at all times. When it comes into contact with the smoke of the raw material, the smoke will be quickly cooled and nucleated. A fixed screw rod 304 is fixedly mounted on the flat collecting mechanism 4. A rotating bracket 3 is provided on the outside of the fixed screw rod 304. 05. The rotating bracket 305 is threadedly matched with the fixed screw 304. When the rotating bracket 305 rotates synchronously with the drum assembly 303, it will move up and down under the action of the fixed screw 304. Several annular scrapers 306 are detachably mounted on the rotating bracket 305. The drum assembly 303 is provided with several annular scrapers 306 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting circular plate 301. The number of annular scrapers 306 matches the number of drum assemblies 303. The annular scrapers 306 are located outside the drum assembly 303. The inner diameter of the annular scraper 306 matches the outer diameter of the drum assembly 303. When nanoparticles are prepared, the mounting circular plate 301 will rotate under the action of the drive motor 302. When the mounting circular plate 301 rotates, multiple drum assemblies 303 will rotate synchronously, thereby preventing particle agglomeration.

[0027] According to the above content, when preparing nanoparticles, the mounting circular plate 301 will rotate back and forth at a constant rate under the action of the drive motor 302. When the mounting circular plate 301 rotates, the multiple rotating drum assemblies 303 will rotate synchronously, thereby mechanically stirring the raw material smoke inside the reactor 1, which can avoid particle agglomeration to a certain extent.

[0028] When the drum assembly 303 rotates, it will continuously come into contact with the original material smoke. During the contact process, the original material atoms will lose energy and cool down, causing local supersaturation, forming a uniform nucleation process, and then forming atomic clusters, and finally growing into nanoparticles. At this time, the nanoparticles will be deposited on the surface of the metal cylinder.

[0029] In addition, the rotating drum assembly 303 will cause the rotating bracket 305 to rotate synchronously during its rotation. When the rotating bracket 305 rotates, it will move up and down under the action of the fixed screw 304. When the rotating bracket 305 moves up and down, the annular scraper 306 will move synchronously. When the annular scraper 306 moves, it will scrape off the nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the metal cylinder, thereby ensuring the cooling performance of the metal cylinder.

[0030] In this embodiment, a cooling and granulating mechanism 3 is provided, and the cooperation between the drum assembly 303 and the mounting circular plate 301 is utilized. The drum assembly 303 is in a uniform rotation state while rapidly cooling the raw material smoke, which can not only mechanically stir the raw material smoke in the reactor 1, thereby effectively preventing particle agglomeration, but also significantly increase the collision rate between the raw material smoke and the drum assembly 303; moreover, in this embodiment, a cooling and granulating mechanism 3 is provided, and the cooperation between the fixed screw rod 304 and the annular scraper 306 is utilized. In the process of cooling the raw material smoke, the nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the metal cylinder can be automatically scraped off, thereby facilitating the collection of the nanoparticles by the staff, while also maintaining the cooling performance of the metal cylinder.

[0031] Example 2 In order to prevent a large number of nanoparticles from falling to the bottom of the reactor 1 and causing trouble for the subsequent collection operation, based on the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 、 Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment is provided with a flat plate collecting mechanism 4. Specifically, the flat plate collecting mechanism 4 includes a circular plate body 401 that can be detachably mounted inside the reactor 1. The middle part of the circular plate body 401 is fixedly connected to the fixed screw rod 304. A hollow cavity 402 is provided inside the circular plate body 401. An elliptical through groove 403 is provided on the surface of the circular plate body 401 for the original material smoke to pass through. A sealing plate assembly 404 is movably installed inside the hollow cavity 402. A micro motor 405 for driving the sealing plate assembly 404 is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the circular plate body 401. During the heating and evaporation process, the elliptical through groove 403 is in an open state. At this time, the original material smoke generated by evaporation will flow to the upper end of the reactor 1 through the elliptical through groove 403.

[0032] According to the above content, during the heating and evaporation process of the raw material, the raw material smoke generated will flow upward through the elliptical through groove 403, and then the cooling and granulating mechanism 3 will quench the raw material smoke.

[0033] After the heating and evaporation are completed, the blocking plate assembly 404 will rotate under the action of the micro motor 405, and the blocking plate assembly 404 will block the elliptical groove 403 after rotation. Next, the generated nanoparticles will fall onto the top of the circular plate body 401 for subsequent collection.

[0034] In this embodiment, by providing a flat collecting mechanism 4 and utilizing the mutual cooperation between the hollow cavity 402 and the blocking plate assembly 404, it can ensure that the smoke of the raw material can smoothly reach the upper end of the reactor 1 and contact the drum assembly 303, and can also prevent a large number of nanoparticles from falling to the bottom of the inner cavity of the reactor 1 after being generated, thereby facilitating the collection of the nanoparticles by the staff and preventing the nanoparticles from being contaminated.

[0035] Example 3 In order to improve the uniformity of heating of the raw material during the heating process and ensure the continuity and uniformity of smoke generation, based on the above embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment is provided with a smoke evaporation mechanism 5. Specifically, the smoke evaporation mechanism 5 includes a heating crucible 501 fixedly installed inside the reactor 1. The lower end of the reactor 1 is fixedly installed with an electric heating device 502. The upper end of the heating crucible 501 is movably installed with a protective mesh cover 503. Several fixed round rods 504 are fixedly installed inside the protective mesh cover 503. The lower end of the fixed round rod 504 is provided with a stirring straight plate 505. The outer side of the protective mesh cover 503 is provided with several fixed side plates 506 along the circumferential direction. The lower end of the fixed side plate 506 is fixedly connected to The annular gear ring 507 and the driving vertical shaft 508 are movably installed inside the reactor 1. The upper end of the driving vertical shaft 508 is provided with a fan blade assembly 509. The lower end of the driving vertical shaft 508 is fixedly sleeved with a transmission gear 510. The transmission gear 510 is engaged with the annular gear ring 507. When the transmission gear 510 rotates, the annular gear ring 507 will rotate synchronously. When the annular gear ring 507 rotates, the protective net cover 503 will rotate synchronously. When the driving vertical shaft 508 rotates, the fan blade assembly 509 and the transmission gear 510 will rotate synchronously, thereby accelerating the flow rate of the raw material smoke.

[0036] According to the above content, when preparing nanoparticles, first, the staff will put the raw material into the heating crucible 501, then put the circular plate 401 into the designated position, and then seal the circular end cover 2 to the upper end of the reactor 1. Next, use a vacuum pump to evacuate the interior of the reactor 1 into a vacuum state.

[0037] Subsequently, the electric heating device 502 will automatically and rapidly heat the original substance inside the heating crucible 501, causing the original substance to evaporate into smoke. After the smoke is generated, it will flow upward to the upper end of the inner cavity of the reactor 1. At the same time, the fan blade assembly 509 will rotate rapidly under the action of the driving vertical shaft 508, and the fan blade assembly 509 will accelerate the flow of smoke when it rotates.

[0038] Furthermore, when the driving vertical shaft 508 rotates, the transmission gear 510 will rotate synchronously, and when the transmission gear 510 rotates, the annular gear ring 507 will rotate synchronously. Next, the protective net cover 503 will rotate synchronously with the annular gear ring 507 .

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, when the protective mesh cover 503 rotates, the multiple fixed round rods 504 and the stirring straight plate 505 rotate synchronously. When the stirring straight plate 505 rotates, the original material in the heating crucible 501 is stirred, thereby ensuring that the original material can be heated evenly.

[0040] In this embodiment, by providing a smoke evaporation mechanism 5 and utilizing the mutual cooperation between the transmission gear 510 and the annular gear ring 507, the raw material in the heating crucible 501 can be automatically stirred during the heating and evaporation process, thereby ensuring that the raw material is heated evenly during the heating process, and effectively improving the uniformity of smoke generation; moreover, in this embodiment, by providing a smoke evaporation mechanism 5 and utilizing the mutual cooperation between the protective mesh cover 503 and the fan blade assembly 509, the raw material can be prevented from falling during the stirring process and the raw material can be quickly evaporated to form smoke, thereby effectively improving the preparation efficiency of nanoparticles.

[0041] Example 4 In order to further improve the cooling rate of the original material smoke, based on the above embodiment, Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment is provided with an annular inflation mechanism 6. Specifically, the annular inflation mechanism 6 includes an annular air pipe 601 fixedly mounted on the outside of the reactor 1. A gas storage tank body 602 is provided on one side of the reactor 1. Several exhaust nozzles 603 are evenly spaced on the inner side of the annular air pipe 601. The exhaust nozzles 603 are connected to the interior of the reactor 1. A valve is provided between the annular air pipe 601 and the exhaust nozzles 603. The valve is initially in a closed state and will automatically open during inflation. A water storage interlayer 604 is provided inside the side wall of the reactor 1. A water control component 605 is provided at the lower end of the outer side of the reactor 1. The water control component 605 is a connecting valve. Before preparing the nanoparticles, the staff will fill the water storage interlayer 604 with ice water through the connecting valve. After the preparation is completed, the staff will use the connecting valve to release the water inside the water storage interlayer 604.

[0042] According to the above content, after the elliptical groove 403 is closed, the gas storage tank body 602 will fill the interior of the reactor 1 with low-pressure inert gas through the annular air pipe 601 and multiple exhaust nozzles 603. Next, the raw material smoke that has not yet had time to contact and cool with the rotating drum assembly 303 will collide with the inert gas. Local supersaturation will also occur during the collision process to form atomic clusters, thereby generating nanoparticles.

[0043] In addition, before heating and evaporation, the staff will add ice water to the inside of the water storage interlayer 604, so the outer surface of the reactor 1 will always maintain a low temperature, which can effectively prevent the temperature of the inert gas inside the annular air pipe 601 from rising.

[0044] In this embodiment, an annular inflation mechanism 6 is provided, and the cooperation between the annular air pipe 601 and the exhaust nozzle 603 is utilized to cool the raw material smoke by combining inert gas cooling with liquid nitrogen quenching, thereby effectively improving the cooling efficiency of the raw material smoke. Moreover, in this embodiment, an annular inflation mechanism 6 is provided, and the cooperation between the water storage interlayer 604 and the water control component 605 is utilized to allow the inert gas to enter the reactor 1 from multiple directions simultaneously, thereby ensuring sufficient contact between the inert gas and the raw material smoke. In addition, the ice water inside the water storage interlayer 604 can effectively prevent the temperature of the inert gas inside the annular air pipe 601 from rising.

[0045] Example 5 According to the above content, a method for preparing nanoparticles by evaporation is as follows: first, the raw material required for the preparation of the nanoparticles is placed inside the heating crucible 501, and the interior of the reactor 1 is evacuated by a vacuum pump, and then the raw material is heated by an electric heating device 502 to evaporate it into smoke. Next, the smoke will flow to the upper end of the inner cavity of the reactor 1 under the action of the fan blade assembly 509. Finally, the rotating drum assembly 303 and the annular inflation mechanism 6 will quickly cool the raw material smoke, thereby completing the preparation of the nanoparticles.

[0046] The control method of the present invention is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by a person skilled in the art. The provision of power is also common knowledge in the art. The present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and circuit connection are not explained in detail in the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements that are inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0048] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nanoparticle evaporation preparation device, comprising a reactor (1), wherein a circular end cover (2) is detachably mounted on the upper end of the reactor (1), and characterized in that: The upper end of the inner cavity of the reactor (1) is provided with a cooling granulation mechanism (3) for cooling the smoke of the raw material to promote nucleation, the lower end of the inner cavity of the reactor (1) is provided with a smoke evaporation mechanism (5) for heating and evaporating the raw material, a flat plate collecting mechanism (4) is provided between the smoke evaporation mechanism (5) and the cooling granulation mechanism (3), and an annular inflation mechanism (6) for providing low-pressure inert gas is provided on the outside of the reactor (1); The cooling and granulating mechanism (3) comprises a mounting circular plate (301) movably mounted on the circular end cover (2); a driving motor (302) for driving the mounting circular plate (301) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the circular end cover (2); a rotating drum assembly (303) for quenching and cooling the smoke of the raw material is provided on the mounting circular plate (301); a fixed screw rod (304) is fixedly mounted on the flat plate collecting mechanism (4); a rotating bracket (305) is provided on the outside of the fixed screw rod (304); and a plurality of annular scrapers (306) are detachably mounted on the rotating bracket (305).

2. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating drum assembly (303) comprises a metal cylinder with a smooth surface, and the interior of the metal cylinder is filled with liquid nitrogen.

3. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rotating drum assemblies (303) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting circular plate (301), and the number of annular scrapers (306) matches the number of rotating drum assemblies (303).

4. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating bracket (305) is threadably engaged with the fixed screw rod (304).

5. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat plate collecting mechanism (4) comprises a circular plate body (401) detachably mounted inside the reactor (1); the middle portion of the circular plate body (401) is fixedly connected to a fixed screw rod (304); a hollow cavity (402) is provided inside the circular plate body (401); an elliptical through groove (403) is provided through the surface of the circular plate body (401) for passage of the raw material smoke; a blocking plate assembly (404) is movably mounted inside the hollow cavity (402); and a micro motor (405) for driving the blocking plate assembly (404) is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the circular plate body (401).

6. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The smoke evaporation mechanism (5) comprises a heating crucible (501) fixedly mounted inside the reactor (1), an electric heating device (502) fixedly mounted at the lower end of the reactor (1), a protective mesh cover (503) movably mounted at the upper end of the heating crucible (501), a plurality of fixed round rods (504) fixedly mounted inside the protective mesh cover (503), a stirring straight plate (505) disposed at the lower end of the fixed round rods (504), a plurality of fixed side plates (506) disposed along the circumferential direction outside the protective mesh cover (503), a ring gear (507) fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed side plate (506), a driving vertical shaft (508) movably mounted inside the reactor (1), a fan blade assembly (509) disposed at the upper end of the driving vertical shaft (508), and a transmission gear (510) fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the driving vertical shaft (508).

7. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission gear (510) is meshed with the annular gear ring (507).

8. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular air filling mechanism (6) comprises an annular air pipe (601) fixedly mounted on the outside of the reactor (1); a gas storage tank (602) is provided on one side of the reactor (1); a plurality of exhaust nozzles (603) are provided at equal intervals on the inner side of the annular air pipe (601); and the exhaust nozzles (603) are connected to the interior of the reactor (1).

9. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A water storage interlayer (604) is provided inside the side wall of the reactor (1), and a water control component (605) is provided at the lower end of the outer side of the reactor (1).

10. The nanoparticle evaporation preparation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The nanoparticle evaporation preparation method is:

1. Putting the raw materials required for preparing the nanoparticles into the interior of the heating crucible (501), and using a vacuum pump to evacuate the interior of the reactor (1); Second, the electric heating device (502) heats the original substance to evaporate it into smoke, and the smoke flows to the upper end of the inner cavity of the reactor (1) under the action of the fan assembly (509); 3. The drum assembly (303) and the annular inflation mechanism (6) will quickly cool the original material smoke to complete the preparation of nanoparticles.

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