Transient load loading test device and method for simulating impact load effect on battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a transient load loading test device and method for simulating the impact load effect on a battery, and the device is characterized in that a high-pressure section is sequentially provided with a membrane rupture section, a first low-pressure section, an observation cabin, a second low-pressure section, a third low-pressure section, a vacuum / loading cabin, and a recovery cabin in the axis direction; diaphragm mounting structures are arranged between the high-pressure section and the diaphragm breaking section as well as between the diaphragm breaking section and the first low-pressure section and are used for mounting a diaphragm and simulating an impact pressure load by using pressure generated when the diaphragm is broken, and the target to be tested is arranged on the second low-pressure section. And the response condition of the battery subjected to the similar impact characteristic load effect in the actual environment can be accurately reflected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of battery impact resistance performance testing, and relates to a transient load loading test device and method for simulating a battery subjected to an impact load. Background Art

[0002] The main purpose of the high-voltage shock load test is to evaluate the threshold of lithium batteries for dangerous situations such as fire or explosion under extreme conditions. This test simulates the high-voltage shock conditions that lithium batteries may encounter under extreme conditions, such as from high-speed shock waves or being concentrated by high-speed moving objects. After passing the test, we can accurately understand the damage risks and risk tolerance of the battery in actual applications, thereby improving the battery design and manufacturing process and enhancing the survivability and adaptability of lithium battery products.

[0003] Current battery impact detection devices often use a single impact test method, and the test results obtained are also single, which cannot reflect the battery's response under different impact load forms. To obtain different battery impact response results, different impact test equipment is required, which greatly increases the testing cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transient load loading test device and method for simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, which accurately and comprehensively reflects the response of the battery after being subjected to a similar impact characteristic load in an actual environment.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a transient load loading test device for simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, comprising a high-pressure section, wherein the high-pressure section has a membrane rupture section, a first low-pressure section, an observation cabin, a second low-pressure section, a third low-pressure section, a vacuum / loading cabin, and a recovery cabin in sequence in the axial direction thereof; a diaphragm mounting structure is provided between the high-pressure section and the membrane rupture section, and between the membrane rupture section and the first low-pressure section, for mounting a diaphragm, and the pressure generated when the diaphragm is destroyed can be used to simulate an impact pressure load.

[0007] Preferably, guide rods are provided on both sides of the membrane rupture section, and the guide rods are connected to the high-pressure section and the first low-pressure section. A hydraulic clamping cylinder is also provided on the membrane rupture section, and one end of the hydraulic clamping cylinder is connected to the membrane rupture section through the guide rod. The hydraulic clamping cylinder and the first low-pressure section are in a connected state, and the other end of the hydraulic clamping cylinder is equipped with a vacuum pump, and the other end of the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum / loading cabin.

[0008] Preferably, a static pressure sensor is provided on the high-pressure section, a filling aluminum block is configured at the tail of the high-pressure section, and a static pressure sensor and a solenoid valve for controlling air intake are provided on the membrane rupture section.

[0009] Preferably, a dynamic pressure sensor is provided on the first low-pressure section, a dynamic pressure sensor is provided on the observation cabin, a dynamic pressure sensor is provided on the second low-pressure section, and a dynamic pressure sensor is provided on the third low-pressure section.

[0010] Preferably, the first low-pressure section can be freely installed with a projectile launching structure, and the projectile launching structure can be provided with different projectiles according to different structural features. A detachable buffer recovery barrel can be provided in the recovery cabin, and a target can be provided in the recovery cabin, and the target can be a battery or battery material.

[0011] Preferably, an observation window is provided on the observation cabin, and optical windows are provided on both sides of the vacuum / loading cabin, so that the speed and impact of the projectile can be recorded when the projectile is launched.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for a transient load loading test simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, using any of the above-described transient load loading test devices simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Simulated air explosion shock wave load test;

[0014] 1) Setting parameters: shock wave pressure peak value, shock wave action time;

[0015] 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the shock wave pressure peak and shock wave action time, and install a clamping membrane at the membrane rupture section;

[0016] 3) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters;

[0017] 4) Inflate the high-pressure section and the membrane rupture section until the membranes rupture in sequence;

[0018] 5) Measure the pressure waveform and peak overpressure using a pressure sensor and data acquisition device;

[0019] S2, high-speed impact projectile damage effect test;

[0020] 1) Set parameters: projectile launch speed, projectile mass;

[0021] 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the projectile launch speed and projectile mass;

[0022] 3) Install the diaphragm and load the projectile, and fix the target;

[0023] 4) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters;

[0024] 5) Inflate the high-pressure section and the membrane-breaking section until the membranes rupture in sequence and the projectile is launched;

[0025] 6) Use infrared velocity testing equipment to measure the projectile velocity;

[0026] 7) Record the process of the projectile hitting the target through the optical window using an X-ray high-speed imaging system and an optical high-speed camera;

[0027] S3. High-speed penetration test of projectiles of different calibers:

[0028] 1) Set parameters: projectile launch speed, projectile caliber;

[0029] 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the projectile launch speed and projectile caliber;

[0030] 3) Install the diaphragm and load the projectile, then install the target plate;

[0031] 4) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters;

[0032] 5) Inflate the high-pressure section and the membrane-breaking section until the membranes rupture in sequence and the projectile is launched;

[0033] 6) Use magnetic induction velocity measurement and electric probe velocity measurement systems to test the projectile velocity, and use strain gauges to record the changes in target plate stress and strain over time;

[0034] 7) Through the optical window, use the X-ray high-speed imaging system and the optical high-speed camera to record the process of the projectile penetrating the target plate.

[0035] The present invention discloses a transient load testing apparatus and method for simulating battery impact loads. The apparatus comprises a high-pressure section, axially arranged in sequence with a membrane rupture section, a first low-pressure section, an observation chamber, a second low-pressure section, a third low-pressure section, a vacuum / loading chamber, and a recovery chamber. Diaphragm mounting structures are provided between the high-pressure section and the membrane rupture section, and between the membrane rupture section and the first low-pressure section, for mounting the membrane. Pressure generated when the membrane ruptures can be used to simulate impact pressure loads. Guide rods are provided on the membrane rupture section to ensure the correct clamping direction of the membrane. Hydraulic clamping cylinders are provided on the membrane rupture section and the first low-pressure section to secure the membrane. Different projectiles can be added to the first low-pressure section depending on the type of impact load being simulated. An optical window is provided on the vacuum / loading chamber to record projectile velocity and impact process during projectile launch. A battery, a buffer recovery bucket, or other target is placed in the recovery chamber as a target for the impact load. Experimental results obtained using this experimental apparatus and method can accurately reflect the response of batteries subjected to similar impact load characteristics in real environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a transient load testing device for simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a projectile launching structure provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Among them, there are high-pressure section 1, membrane rupture section 2, first low-pressure section 3, observation cabin 4, second low-pressure section 5, third low-pressure section 6, vacuum / loading cabin 7, recovery cabin 8, diaphragm mounting structure 9, guide rod 10, hydraulic clamping cylinder 11, vacuum pump 12, static pressure sensor 13, dynamic pressure sensor 14, projectile launching structure 15, observation window 16, solenoid valve 17, and gas cylinder 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To better illustrate the present embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. Those skilled in the art will understand that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted from the drawings. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific contexts. The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; or nested connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0042] See also Figure 1An embodiment of the present invention provides a transient load loading test device for simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, comprising a high-pressure section 1. The high-pressure section 1 has, in order in the axial direction, a membrane rupture section 2, a first low-pressure section 3, an observation cabin 4, a second low-pressure section 5, a third low-pressure section 6, a vacuum / loading cabin 7, and a recovery cabin 8. A diaphragm mounting structure 9 is provided between the high-pressure section 1 and the membrane rupture section 2, and between the membrane rupture section 2 and the first low-pressure section 3, for mounting a diaphragm. The pressure generated when the diaphragm is ruptured can be used to simulate an impact pressure load.

[0043] Through the above-mentioned implementation mode, double membrane-breaking gas release is adopted, and different shock wave pulse amplitudes and pulse widths are obtained by different high-pressure gas chamber lengths and gas pressures, which are used to simulate air explosion shock wave loads and carry out target damage assessment and equipment performance assessment under explosion environments; at the same time, the device can realize the launching function of a light gas gun, and realize the study of the damage effects of different foreign objects (such as hail, birds, stones, tire fragments, etc.) colliding with aircraft, high-speed railways, etc. at high speed; using the projectile launching structure 15 to launch the projectile, it is possible to realize the study of the damage effects of different caliber projectiles penetrating the target at high speed; using the high-speed flying plate impact test, it is possible to realize the study of the higher strain rate constitutive relationship of typical materials, and realize the study of the equation of state of materials under transient loading conditions, providing basic data support for the study of numerical simulation of damage effects.

[0044] In one embodiment, guide rods 10 are provided on both sides of the membrane rupture section 2, and the guide rods 10 are connected to the high-pressure section 1 and the first low-pressure section 3. A hydraulic clamping cylinder 11 is also provided on the membrane rupture section 2, and one end of the hydraulic clamping cylinder 11 is connected to the membrane rupture section 2 through the guide rod 10. The hydraulic clamping cylinder 11 and the first low-pressure section 3 are in a connected state. The other end of the hydraulic clamping cylinder 11 is equipped with a vacuum pump 12, and the other end of the vacuum pump 12 is connected to the vacuum / loading cabin 7.

[0045] Here, the hydraulic clamping cylinder 11 is used to fix the guide rod 10 to ensure that the high-pressure section 1 and the clamping section are movable on the same axis.

[0046] Here, the two sides are connected by a guide rod 10, one is to ensure that the axes of the high-pressure section 1, the membrane rupture section 2, and the low-pressure section remain on the same axis, and the other is to facilitate the use of the hydraulic system to move the membrane rupture section 2 and the high-pressure section 1 to open and close, and the diaphragm and the elastic body can be placed.

[0047] In one embodiment, a static pressure sensor 13 is provided on the high-pressure section 1 , a filling aluminum block is configured at the tail of the high-pressure section 1 , and a static pressure sensor 13 and a solenoid valve 17 for controlling air intake are provided on the membrane rupture section 2 .

[0048] Here, the aluminum block is used to control the gas volume in the high-pressure section 1 to prevent the inflation time from being too long.

[0049] In one embodiment, a dynamic pressure sensor 14 is provided on the first low-pressure section 3 , a dynamic pressure sensor 14 is provided on the observation cabin 4 , a dynamic pressure sensor 14 is provided on the second low-pressure section 5 , and a dynamic pressure sensor 14 is provided on the third low-pressure section 6 .

[0050] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The first low-pressure section 3 can be freely installed with a projectile launching structure, and the projectile launching structure is provided with different projectiles according to different structural features. A detachable buffer recovery bucket can be provided in the recovery cabin 8, and a target can be provided in the recovery cabin 8, and the target can be a battery or battery material.

[0051] Here, for example, what test adopts is high-speed shock wave, and projectile is not installed. What test adopts is high-speed impact projectile, uses No. 1 projectile launching structure 15, different caliber projectile, change the caliber and length of No. 1 projectile launching structure 15, what test adopts is high-speed flying piece, uses No. 2 projectile launching structure 15, what test adopts is irregular object (as hail, bird, stone, tire fragment etc.), uses No. 3 projectile launching structure 15, and is filled with plastic foam inside for fixing. Further, during use, after bullet is installed on projectile launching structure 15, low-pressure section 1 is put into together, membrane rupture section 2 and low-pressure section 1 are opened by hydraulic device, projectile (bullet+projectile launching structure 15) is put into, projectile launching structure 15 plays the role of guaranteeing pipeline airtightness during launching, can utilize whole shock wave pressure acceleration.

[0052] In one embodiment, an observation window 16 is provided on the observation cabin 4, and optical windows are provided on both sides of the vacuum / loading cabin 7, so that the speed and impact of the projectile can be recorded when the projectile is launched.

[0053] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for a transient load loading test simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, using any of the above-described transient load loading test devices simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1. Simulated air explosion shock wave load test;

[0055] 1) Setting parameters: shock wave pressure peak value, shock wave action time;

[0056] 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the shock wave pressure peak and shock wave action time, and install a clamping membrane in the membrane rupture section 2;

[0057] 3) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters;

[0058] 4) Inflate the high-pressure section 1 and the membrane-breaking section 2 until the membranes rupture in sequence;

[0059] 5) Measure the pressure waveform and peak overpressure using a pressure sensor and data acquisition device;

[0060] S2, high-speed impact projectile damage effect test;

[0061] 1) Set parameters: projectile launch speed, projectile mass;

[0062] 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the projectile launch speed and projectile mass;

[0063] 3) Install the diaphragm and load the projectile, and fix the target;

[0064] 4) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters;

[0065] 5) Inflate the high-pressure section 1 and the membrane-breaking section 2 until the membranes rupture in sequence and the projectile is launched;

[0066] 6) Use infrared velocity testing equipment to measure the projectile velocity;

[0067] 7) Record the process of the projectile hitting the target through the optical window using an X-ray high-speed imaging system and an optical high-speed camera;

[0068] S3. High-speed penetration test of projectiles of different calibers:

[0069] 1) Set parameters: projectile launch speed, projectile caliber;

[0070] 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the projectile launch speed and projectile caliber;

[0071] 3) Install the diaphragm and load the projectile, then install the target plate;

[0072] 4) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters;

[0073] 5) Inflate the high-pressure section 1 and the membrane-breaking section 2 until the membranes rupture in sequence and the projectile is launched;

[0074] 6) Use magnetic induction velocity measurement and electric probe velocity measurement systems to test the projectile velocity, and use strain gauges to record the changes in target plate stress and strain over time;

[0075] 7) Through the optical window, use the X-ray high-speed imaging system and the optical high-speed camera to record the process of the projectile penetrating the target plate.

[0076] Here, the gas is high-pressure high-purity nitrogen or high-pressure high-purity helium, which is output through the gas cylinder 18 into the high-pressure section 1 and each. The high-pressure section 1 and each low-pressure section can move axially along the support platform, making it convenient to realize the combination of building blocks for different test requirements.

[0077] Here, magnetic induction speed measurement and electric probe speed measurement systems can be placed in the observation cabin for speed measurement.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transient load testing device for simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, characterized in that: It includes a high-pressure section, and the axial direction of the high-pressure section is sequentially provided with a membrane rupture section, a first low-pressure section, an observation cabin, a second low-pressure section, a third low-pressure section, a vacuum / loading cabin, and a recovery cabin. A diaphragm mounting structure is provided between the high-pressure section and the membrane rupture section, and between the membrane rupture section and the first low-pressure section, for mounting a diaphragm. The pressure generated when the diaphragm is destroyed can be used to simulate the impact pressure load.

2. The transient load testing device for simulating battery impact load according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide rods are provided on both sides of the membrane breaking section, and the guide rods are connected to the high-pressure section and the first low-pressure section. A hydraulic clamping cylinder is also provided on the membrane breaking section, and one end of the hydraulic clamping cylinder is connected to the membrane breaking section through the guide rod. The hydraulic clamping cylinder and the first low-pressure section are in a connected state, and the other end of the hydraulic clamping cylinder is equipped with a vacuum pump, and the other end of the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum / loading cabin.

3. The transient load testing device for simulating battery impact load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure section is provided with a static pressure sensor, the tail of the high-pressure section is provided with a filling aluminum block, and the membrane rupture section is provided with a static pressure sensor and a solenoid valve for controlling air intake.

4. The transient load testing device for simulating battery impact load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first low-pressure section is provided with a dynamic pressure sensor, the observation cabin is provided with a dynamic pressure sensor, the second low-pressure section is provided with a dynamic pressure sensor, and the third low-pressure section is provided with a dynamic pressure sensor.

5. The transient load testing device for simulating battery impact load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first low-pressure section can be freely installed with a projectile launching structure, and the projectile launching structure is provided with different projectiles according to different structural features. A detachable buffer recovery barrel can be provided in the recovery cabin, and a target can be provided in the recovery cabin, and the target can be a battery or battery material.

6. The transient load testing device for simulating battery impact load according to claim 5, characterized in that: An observation window is provided on the observation cabin, and optical windows are provided on both sides of the vacuum / loading cabin, which can record the speed and impact of the projectile when the projectile is launched.

7. A method for a transient load test simulating a battery subjected to an impact load, using the transient load test device for simulating a battery subjected to an impact load according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Simulated air explosion shock wave load test; 1) Setting parameters: shock wave pressure peak value, shock wave action time; 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the shock wave pressure peak and shock wave action time, and install a clamping membrane at the membrane rupture section; 3) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters; 4) Inflate the high-pressure section and the membrane rupture section until the membranes rupture in sequence; 5) Measure the pressure waveform and peak overpressure using a pressure sensor and data acquisition device; S2, high-speed impact projectile damage effect test; 1) Set parameters: projectile launch speed, projectile mass; 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the projectile launch speed and projectile mass; 3) Install the diaphragm and load the projectile, and fix the target; 4) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters; 5) Inflate the high-pressure section and the membrane-breaking section until the membranes rupture in sequence and the projectile is launched; 6) Use infrared velocity testing equipment to measure the projectile velocity; 7) Record the process of the projectile hitting the target through the optical window using an X-ray high-speed imaging system and an optical high-speed camera; S3. High-speed penetration test of projectiles of different calibers: 1) Set parameters: projectile launch speed, projectile caliber; 2) Determine the diaphragm thickness based on the projectile launch speed and projectile caliber; 3) Install the diaphragm and load the projectile, then install the target plate; 4) Connect the test instrument and set the instrument test parameters; 5) Inflate the high-pressure section and the membrane-breaking section until the membranes rupture in sequence and the projectile is launched; 6) Use magnetic induction velocity measurement and electric probe velocity measurement systems to test the projectile velocity, and use strain gauges to record the changes in target plate stress and strain over time; 7) Through the optical window, use the X-ray high-speed imaging system and the optical high-speed camera to record the process of the projectile penetrating the target plate.

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